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Stanza 5.31.1
इन्द्रो॒ रथा॑य प्र॒वतं॑ कृणोति॒ यम॒ध्यस्था॑न्म॒घवा॑ वाज॒यन्त॑म् | यू॒थेव॑ प॒श्वो व्यु॑नोति गो॒पा अरि॑ष्टो याति प्रथ॒मः सिषा॑सन् ||
índro ráthāya pravátaṁ kr̥ṇoti yám adhyásthān maghávā vājayántam yūthéva paśvó vy ùnoti gopā́ ár̥iṣṭo yāti prathamáḥ síṣāsan
Indra makes the chariot ready, he mounts the strong and purposeful vehicle. Like a herdsman driving his herd, he goes forth first, uninjured, seeking riches.
Indra, the powerful deity, is depicted preparing his chariot for a journey or a task. He is described as mounting the chariot, which is associated with his strength and purpose. The stanza likens his movement to a herdsman guiding his cattle, emphasizing his leadership and control as he moves forward, unharmed and seeking treasure or victory.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रः रथा॑य प्र॒वतं कृणोति índraḥ ráthāya pravátam kr̥ṇoti (11 syllables)
- B. यम अ॒ध्यस्था॑न् म॒घवा वाज॒यन्त॑म् yám adhyásthāt maghávā vājayántam (11 syllables)
- C. यूथेव इव प॒श्वो व्यु नोति गो॒पा yūthā́ iva paśváḥ ví unoti gopā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अरितो याति प्रथ॒मः सिषा॑सन् áriṣṭaḥ yāti prathamáḥ síṣāsan (11 syllables)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra, the king of the gods
रथा॑य (ráthāya)
for the chariot
प्र॒वतं (pravátam)
downward slope, declivity
कृणोति (kr̥ṇoti)
makes, prepares
यम (yám)
which
अ॒ध्यस्था॑न् (adhyásthāt)
mounted upon
म॒घवा (maghávā)
the wealthy one, Indra
वाज॒यन्त॑म् (vājayántam)
desiring victory or prize
यूथेव (yūthā́)
like a herd
इव (iva)
like
प॒श्वो (paśváḥ)
of the cattle
व्यु (ví)
apart, forth
नोति (unoti)
drives, urges on
गो॒पा (gopā́ḥ)
as a herdsman
अरितो (áriṣṭaḥ)
uninjured, unharmed
याति (yāti)
goes, proceeds
प्रथ॒मः (prathamáḥ)
first
सिषा॑सन् (síṣāsan)
desiring to win, to achieve
Stanza 5.31.2
आ प्र द्र॑व हरिवो॒ मा वि वे॑नः॒ पिश॑ङ्गराते अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व | न॒हि त्वदि॑न्द्र॒ वस्यो॑ अ॒न्यदस्त्य॑मे॒नाँश्चि॒ज्जनि॑वतश्चकर्थ ||
ā́ prá drava harivo mā́ ví venaḥ píśaṅgarāte abhí naḥ sacasva nahí tvád indra vásyo anyád ásty amenā́ṁś cij jánivataś cakartha
Come swiftly, Indra, with your horses, do not be unwilling; approach us, giver of wealth. Indeed, there is nothing better than you, Indra; you have given spouses even to the childless.
The speaker implores Indra to approach swiftly and not to be distant or unwilling. He asks Indra to join them, highlighting that there is nothing superior to him. The stanza concludes by stating Indra's power to grant spouses even to those who are without them, emphasizing his role as a benefactor and matchmaker.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ प्र द्रव हरिवो मा वि वेनः ā́ prá drava harivaḥ mā́ ví venaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. पिश॑ङ्गराते अभि नः सचस्व píśaṅgarāte abhí naḥ sacasva (11 syllables)
- C. नहि त्वदि इन्द्र वस्यो अन्यदस्त्य अस्ति nahí tvát indra vásyaḥ anyát ásti (11 syllables)
- D. अमे॒नाँश्चि चि जनि॑वतश्चकर्थ चकर्थ amenā́n cit jánivataḥ cakartha (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
द्रव (drava)
run, hasten
हरिवो (harivaḥ)
O possessor of horses
मा (mā́)
not
वि (ví)
away, apart
वेनः (venaḥ)
may you be unwilling, may you not desire
पिश॑ङ्गराते (píśaṅgarāte)
O you whose wealth is golden-hued
अभि (abhí)
towards, upon
नः (naḥ)
us
सचस्व (sacasva)
join, accompany
नहि (nahí)
indeed not
त्वदि (tvát)
from you
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
वस्यो (vásyaḥ)
better, more excellent
अन्यदस्त्य (anyát)
other
अस्ति (ásti)
is
अमे॒नाँश्चि (amenā́n)
the husbandless
चि (cit)
even
जनि॑वतश्चकर्थ (jánivataḥ)
the possessed of wives
चकर्थ (cakartha)
you have made
Stanza 5.31.3
उद्यत्सहः॒ सह॑स॒ आज॑निष्ट॒ देदि॑ष्ट॒ इन्द्र॑ इन्द्रि॒याणि॒ विश्वा॑ | प्राचो॑दयत्सु॒दुघा॑ व॒व्रे अ॒न्तर्वि ज्योति॑षा संववृ॒त्वत्तमो॑ऽवः ||
úd yát sáhaḥ sáhasa ā́janiṣṭa dédiṣṭa índra indriyā́ṇi víśvā prā́codayat sudúghā vavré antár ví jyótiṣā saṁvavr̥tvát támo 'vaḥ
Born from strength, Indra displayed all his divine powers. He drove forth the milky mothers from the cave, and with light revealed what was covered by darkness.
This stanza describes Indra's powerful birth and the display of his divine capabilities. It states that his strength arose from strength itself, and he revealed all his powers. The text then narrates a significant act where he drove forth the 'milky mothers' (likely symbolizing nourishment or abundance) from a cave, and illuminated the darkness with his light.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उद्यत् यत्त सहः सहस आज út yát sáhaḥ sáhasaḥ ā́ ajaniṣṭa (11 syllables)
- B. देदि॑ष्ट इन्द्र इन्द्रि॒याणि विश्वा dédiṣṭe índraḥ indriyā́ṇi víśvā (11 syllables)
- C. प्राचो दयत्सु दुघा व॒व्रे अन्तर्वि prá acodayat sudúghāḥ vavré antár (11 syllables)
- D. वि ज्योति॑षा संवृत्तवत्तमो तम अवः ví jyótiṣā saṃvavr̥tvát támaḥ avar (11 syllables)
उद्यत् (út)
up
यत्त (yát)
when
सहः (sáhaḥ)
strength
सहस (sáhasaḥ)
from strength
आज (ā́)
up
(ajaniṣṭa)
देदि॑ष्ट (dédiṣṭe)
displayed, showed
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
इन्द्रि॒याणि (indriyā́ṇi)
powers, faculties
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
प्राचो (prá)
forth
दयत्सु (acodayat)
drove forth, impelled
दुघा (sudúghāḥ)
giving abundant milk (nourishing)
व॒व्रे (vavré)
from the cave
अन्तर्वि (antár)
within
वि (ví)
apart
ज्योति॑षा (jyótiṣā)
with light
संवृत्तवत्तमो (saṃvavr̥tvát)
having covered
तम (támaḥ)
darkness
अवः (avar)
revealed, uncovered
Stanza 5.31.4
अन॑वस्ते॒ रथ॒मश्वा॑य तक्ष॒न्त्वष्टा॒ वज्रं॑ पुरुहूत द्यु॒मन्त॑म् | ब्र॒ह्माण॒ इन्द्रं॑ म॒हय॑न्तो अ॒र्कैरव॑र्धय॒न्नह॑ये॒ हन्त॒वा उ॑ ||
ánavas te rátham áśvāya takṣan tváṣṭā vájram puruhūta dyumántam brahmā́ṇa índram maháyanto arkaír ávardhayann áhaye hántavā́ u
The Anus fashioned a chariot for your horse; Tvashṭar, O Much-invoked, made your shining thunderbolt. The priests, magnifying Indra with songs, increased his strength to kill Ahi.
The stanza describes the divine craftsmanship involved in preparing Indra's equipment. The 'Anus' are said to have fashioned a chariot for his swift horses, and Tvashṭar, the divine craftsman, forged his powerful, gleaming thunderbolt. The priests (Brahmans) praised and honored Indra with hymns, increasing his might to defeat the serpent-demon Ahi.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अन॑व ते रथ अश्वाय तक्षन् ánavaḥ te rátham áśvāya takṣan (11 syllables)
- B. त्वष्टा वज्र पुरुहूत द्युमन्तम् tváṣṭā vájram puruhūta dyumántam (11 syllables)
- C. ब्रह्माण इन्द्र महय॑न्तो brahmā́ṇaḥ índram maháyantaḥ arkaíḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अवर्दयन्नह अहये हन्तवा उ ávardhayan áhaye hántavaí u (11 syllables)
अन॑व (ánavaḥ)
the Anus (a divine craftsman group)
ते (te)
for you
रथ (rátham)
chariot
अश्वाय (áśvāya)
for the horse
तक्षन् (takṣan)
fashioned, carved
त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā)
Tvashṭar (divine craftsman)
वज्र (vájram)
thunderbolt
पुरुहूत (puruhūta)
O Much-invoked
द्युमन्तम् (dyumántam)
shining, radiant
ब्रह्माण (brahmā́ṇaḥ)
the priests, the chanters
इन्द्र (índram)
Indra
महय॑न्तो (maháyantaḥ)
magnifying, glorifying
(arkaíḥ)
अवर्दयन्नह (ávardhayan)
increased, strengthened
अहये (áhaye)
against Ahi (the serpent)
हन्तवा (hántavaí)
to kill
उ (u)
particle of emphasis
Stanza 5.31.5
वृष्णे॒ यत्ते॒ वृष॑णो अ॒र्कमर्चा॒निन्द्र॒ ग्रावा॑णो॒ अदि॑तिः स॒जोषाः॑ | अ॒न॒श्वासो॒ ये प॒वयो॑ऽर॒था इन्द्रे॑षिता अ॒भ्यव॑र्तन्त॒ दस्यू॑न् ||
vŕ̥ṣṇe yát te vŕ̥ṣaṇo arkám árcān índra grā́vāṇo áditiḥ sajóṣāḥ anaśvā́so yé paváyo 'rathā́ índreṣitā abhy ávartanta dásyūn
When heroes and pressing stones and Aditi, in accord, sang praises to you, O Hero Indra! Those without horses and chariots, empowered by Indra, rolled forth against the Dasuyus.
This stanza celebrates Indra's power, acknowledging the praise offered to him by heroes, the pressing stones (used for making Soma), and Aditi (a goddess). It describes how, without horses or chariots, certain elements (implied to be divine energies or weapons) moved with Indra's impetus, rolling forth to attack the enemies (Dasuyus).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वृष्णे यत्ते ते वृष॑णो अर्कमर्चा नि vŕ̥ṣṇe yát te vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ arkám árcān (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र ग्रावा॑णो अदि॑तिः सजोषाः índra grā́vāṇaḥ áditiḥ sajóṣāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अन॒श्वासो ये पवयो अरथा anaśvā́saḥ yé paváyaḥ arathā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रे॑षिता अभि अवर्तन्त दस्यून् índreṣitāḥ abhí ávartanta dásyūn (11 syllables)
वृष्णे (vŕ̥ṣṇe)
to the powerful one
यत्ते (yát)
when
ते (te)
to you
वृष॑णो (vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ)
heroes, strong ones
अर्कमर्चा (arkám)
praise, hymn
नि (árcān)
may they sing, may they praise
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
ग्रावा॑णो (grā́vāṇaḥ)
pressing stones (for Soma)
अदि॑तिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (a goddess)
सजोषाः (sajóṣāḥ)
in accord, together
अन॒श्वासो (anaśvā́saḥ)
without horses
ये (yé)
who, which
पवयो (paváyaḥ)
rims of a wheel, fellies (here implying movement)
अरथा (arathā́ḥ)
without chariots
इन्द्रे॑षिता (índreṣitāḥ)
sped by Indra, impelled by Indra
अभि (abhí)
towards
अवर्तन्त (ávartanta)
rolled, moved
दस्यून् (dásyūn)
the enemies (Dasuyus)
Stanza 5.31.6
प्र ते॒ पूर्वा॑णि॒ कर॑णानि वोचं॒ प्र नूत॑ना मघव॒न्या च॒कर्थ॑ | शक्ती॑वो॒ यद्वि॒भरा॒ रोद॑सी उ॒भे जय॑न्न॒पो मन॑वे॒ दानु॑चित्राः ||
prá te pū́rvāṇi káraṇāni vocam prá nū́tanā maghavan yā́ cakártha śáktīvo yád vibhárā ródasī ubhé jáyann apó mánave dā́nucitrāḥ
I will recount your former and your recent deeds, O Maghavan! And yours, O Lord of Might, when you separated the two worlds, earth and sky, and brought forth for man the captivating waters.
The speaker expresses a desire to recount Indra's past and recent mighty deeds. They address Indra as 'Maghavan' and 'Lord of Might,' asking him to describe how he separated the earth and sky (rodsasi ubhe) and how he brought forth the life-sustaining waters (apas), described as 'dānucitrāḥ' (shining with libations or captivating), for mankind.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र ते पूर्वा॑णि कर॒णानि वोचं prá te pū́rvāṇi káraṇāni vocam (11 syllables)
- B. प्र नूत॑ना मघव॒ या च॒कर्थ prá nū́tanā maghavan yā́ cakártha (11 syllables)
- C. शक्ती॑वो यद्वि भरा रोद॑सी उ॒भे śáktīvaḥ yát vibhárāḥ ródasī ubhé (12 syllables)
- D. जयन्न अ॒प मन॑वे दानुचित्राः jáyan apáḥ mánave dā́nucitrāḥ (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
ते (te)
your
पूर्वा॑णि (pū́rvāṇi)
former, past
कर॒णानि (káraṇāni)
deeds, actions
वोचं (vocam)
may I speak
प्र (prá)
forth
नूत॑ना (nū́tanā)
new, recent
मघव॒ (maghavan)
O Maghavan (Indra)
या (yā́)
which
च॒कर्थ (cakártha)
you have done
शक्ती॑वो (śáktīvaḥ)
O Lord of Might
यद्वि (yát)
when
भरा (vibhárāḥ)
you divided, separated
रोद॑सी (ródasī)
earth and sky
उ॒भे (ubhé)
both
जयन्न (jáyan)
conquering, winning
अ॒प (apáḥ)
waters
मन॑वे (mánave)
for man
दानुचित्राः (dā́nucitrāḥ)
captivating, shining with libations
Stanza 5.31.7
तदिन्नु ते॒ कर॑णं दस्म वि॒प्राहिं॒ यद्घ्नन्नोजो॒ अत्रामि॑मीथाः | शुष्ण॑स्य चि॒त्परि॑ मा॒या अ॑गृभ्णाः प्रपि॒त्वं यन्नप॒ दस्यूँ॑रसेधः ||
tád ín nú te káraṇaṁ dasma viprā́hiṁ yád ghnánn ójo átrā́mimīthāḥ śúṣṇasya cit pári māyā́ agr̥bhṇāḥ prapitváṁ yánn ápa dásyūm̐r asedhaḥ
Indeed, that is your deed, O Wonderful Singer! That, slaying Ahi, you demonstrated your strength here. You even seized the magical tricks of Sushna, and by coming near, you drove away the Dasuyus.
The speaker refers to a specific heroic act of Indra, addressing him as 'Wonderful Singer'. This deed involved slaying the serpent Ahi, displaying his strength. Indra is also credited with cunningly overcoming the magical tricks of the demon Sushna, and by approaching, he drove away the Dasuyus (enemies).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तदिन्नु त न्नु ते कर॒णं दस्म वि॒प्राहिं tát ít nú te káraṇam dasma vipra (11 syllables)
- B. अहि यद्घ्नन्नोजो घ्नन्न ओजो अ॒त्रामि मीथाः áhim yát ghnán ójaḥ átra ámimīthāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. शुष्ण॑स्य चि परि माया अगृभ्णाः śúṣṇasya cit pári māyā́ḥ agr̥bhṇāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. प्रपि॒त्वं यन्नप अ दस्यूँ सेधः prapitvám yán ápa dásyūn asedhaḥ (11 syllables)
तदिन्नु (tát)
that
त (ít)
indeed
न्नु (nú)
now
ते (te)
your
कर॒णं (káraṇam)
deed, action
दस्म (dasma)
O Wonderful one
वि॒प्राहिं (vipra)
O Singer, O wise one
अहि (áhim)
Ahi (the serpent)
यद्घ्नन्नोजो (yát)
that
घ्नन्न (ghnán)
slaying
ओजो (ójaḥ)
strength
अ॒त्रामि (átra)
here
मीथाः (ámimīthāḥ)
you made, demonstrated
शुष्ण॑स्य (śúṣṇasya)
of Sushna (a demon)
चि (cit)
even
परि (pári)
around, about
माया (māyā́ḥ)
magical tricks, illusions
अगृभ्णाः (agr̥bhṇāḥ)
you seized, grasped
प्रपि॒त्वं (prapitvám)
coming near, approaching
यन्नप (yán)
who, which (referring to Indra)
अ (ápa)
away
दस्यूँ (dásyūn)
the Dasuyus (enemies)
सेधः (asedhaḥ)
you drove away, repelled
Stanza 5.31.8
त्वम॒पो यद॑वे तु॒र्वशा॒यार॑मयः सु॒दुघाः॑ पा॒र इ॑न्द्र | उ॒ग्रम॑यात॒मव॑हो ह॒ कुत्सं॒ सं ह॒ यद्वा॑मु॒शनार॑न्त दे॒वाः ||
tvám apó yádave turváśāyā́ramayaḥ sudúghāḥ pārá indra ugrám ayātam ávaho ha kútsaṁ sáṁ ha yád vām uśánā́ranta devā́ḥ
You, Indra, on the farther bank, caused the abundant waters to cease for Yadu and Turvasa. You both assailed the fierce one; you brought Kutsa. The gods and Ushanas joined you.
The stanza describes Indra's actions in helping two human tribes, Yadu and Turvasa. He is said to have halted the copious waters on the far side of a river for them. The speaker also addresses Indra and another figure ('you both') as having assailed something fierce, and mentions Indra bringing Kutsa to his aid. Finally, it notes that gods and Ushanas (a sage) joined them.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वम अपो यदवे तु॒र्वशा॑या tvám apáḥ yádave turváśāya (11 syllables)
- B. आरमयः सुदुघाः पार इन्द्र áramayaḥ sudúghāḥ pāráḥ indra (11 syllables)
- C. उ॒ग्रम यातमव वहो ह कुत्सं ugrám ayātam ávahaḥ ha kútsam (11 syllables)
- D. सं ह यद्वा वामु शनार न्त दे वाः sám ha yát vām uśánā áranta devā́ḥ (11 syllables)
त्वम (tvám)
you
अपो (apáḥ)
waters
यदवे (yádave)
for Yadu (a tribe)
तु॒र्वशा॑या (turváśāya)
for Turvasa (a tribe)
आरमयः (áramayaḥ)
you made to cease, you stopped
सुदुघाः (sudúghāḥ)
abundant, flowing freely
पार (pāráḥ)
on the farther bank
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
उ॒ग्रम (ugrám)
fierce, terrible
यातमव (ayātam)
you approached, came
वहो (ávahaḥ)
you carried
ह (ha)
particle of emphasis
कुत्सं (kútsam)
Kutsa (a sage/hero)
सं (sám)
together
ह (ha)
particle of emphasis
यद्वा (yát)
when
वामु (vām)
you two
शनार (uśánā)
Ushanas (a sage)
न्त दे (áranta)
they came together, joined
वाः (devā́ḥ)
the gods
Stanza 5.31.9
इन्द्रा॑कुत्सा॒ वह॑माना॒ रथे॒ना वा॒मत्या॒ अपि॒ कर्णे॑ वहन्तु | निः षी॑म॒द्भ्यो धम॑थो॒ निः ष॒धस्था॑न्म॒घोनो॑ हृ॒दो व॑रथ॒स्तमां॑सि ||
índrākutsā váhamānā ráthenā́ vām átyā ápi kárṇe vahantu níḥ ṣīm adbhyó dhámatho níḥ ṣadhásthān maghóno hr̥dó varathas támāṁsi
Let the horses bring you both, Indra and Kutsa, swiftly, so we can hear you. You drove it out from the waters and from its dwelling, and you banished the darkness from the hearts of the prosperous.
This stanza addresses Indra and Kutsa together, urging their swift horses to bring them close, within hearing distance. It then describes a powerful action where they (Indra and Kutsa) expelled something from the waters and from their dwelling, and dispelled darkness from the hearts of the prosperous ('maghonah' - rich in spirit or possessions).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रा॑कुत्सा वह॑माना रथे॒ना índrākutsā váhamānā ráthena (11 syllables)
- B. आ वाम अत्या अ॒पि कर्णे व॒हन्तु ā́ vām átyāḥ ápi kárṇe vahantu (11 syllables)
- C. निः सीम द्भ्यो धमथो निः षधस्था nís sīm adbhyáḥ dhámathaḥ nís sadhásthāt (11 syllables)
- D. म॒घोनो हृ॒द व॒रथ स्तमां maghónaḥ hr̥dáḥ varathaḥ támāṃsi (11 syllables)
इन्द्रा॑कुत्सा (índrākutsā)
Indra and Kutsa
वह॑माना (váhamānā)
bringing, carrying
रथे॒ना (ráthena)
by chariot
आ (ā́)
towards
वाम (vām)
you two
अत्या (átyāḥ)
horses
अ॒पि (ápi)
near, within
कर्णे (kárṇe)
within hearing distance
व॒हन्तु (vahantu)
may they bring
निः (nís)
out
सीम (sīm)
him/it
द्भ्यो (adbhyáḥ)
from the waters
धमथो (dhámathaḥ)
you two blow, you two expel
निः (nís)
out
षधस्था (sadhásthāt)
from the dwelling place
म॒घोनो (maghónaḥ)
of the prosperous, of the generous
हृ॒द (hr̥dáḥ)
from the heart
व॒रथ (varathaḥ)
may you two expel, may you two banish
स्तमां (támāṃsi)
darknesses
Stanza 5.31.10
वात॑स्य यु॒क्तान्त्सु॒युज॑श्चि॒दश्वा॑न्क॒विश्चि॑दे॒षो अ॑जगन्नव॒स्युः | विश्वे॑ ते॒ अत्र॑ म॒रुतः॒ सखा॑य॒ इन्द्र॒ ब्रह्मा॑णि॒ तवि॑षीमवर्धन् ||
vā́tasya yuktā́n suyújaś cid áśvān kavíś cid eṣó ajagann avasyúḥ víśve te átra marútaḥ sákhāya índra bráhmāṇi táviṣīm avardhan
Even this wise one has approached, seeking help, to the well-harnessed horses of Vata. Here, O Indra, are all the Maruts, your companions; prayers have increased your power.
The stanza describes a poet or seer approaching Indra, seeking his favor and possibly assistance. The poet compares himself to the horses of Vata (the Wind God), which are described as harnessed and easily yoked. The Maruts (storm gods) are mentioned as being present, all being Indra's companions, and their prayers and power are said to have increased Indra's might.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वा __तस्य यु॒क्तान्त्सु युज॑श्चि श्चि न् vā́tasya yuktā́n suyújaḥ cit áśvān (11 syllables)
- B. कवि श्चि देषो अजगन्नव स्य kavíḥ cit eṣáḥ ajagan avasyúḥ (11 syllables)
- C. विश्वे ते अत्र मरुतः सखा॑य víśve te átra marútaḥ sákhāyaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र ब्रह्माणि तवि॑षीमवर्धन् índra bráhmāṇi táviṣīm avardhan (11 syllables)
वा __तस्य (vā́tasya)
of the Wind (Vata)
यु॒क्तान्त्सु (yuktā́n)
yoked, harnessed
युज॑श्चि (suyújaḥ)
well-yoked, easily harnessed
श्चि (cit)
indeed
न् (áśvān)
horses
कवि (kavíḥ)
the seer, the poet
श्चि (cit)
indeed
देषो (eṣáḥ)
this
अजगन्नव (ajagan)
has come
स्य (avasyúḥ)
seeking help, seeking protection
विश्वे (víśve)
all
ते (te)
your
अत्र (átra)
here
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
the Maruts (storm gods)
सखा॑य (sákhāyaḥ)
companions, friends
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi)
prayers, hymns
तवि॑षीमवर्धन् (táviṣīm)
power, might
(avardhan)
increased
Stanza 5.31.11
सूर॑श्चि॒द्रथं॒ परि॑तक्म्यायां॒ पूर्वं॑ कर॒दुप॑रं जूजु॒वांस॑म् | भर॑च्च॒क्रमेत॑शः॒ सं रि॑णाति पु॒रो दध॑त्सनिष्यति॒ क्रतुं॑ नः ||
sū́raś cid rátham páritakmyāyām pū́rvaṁ karad úparaṁ jūjuvā́ṁsam bhárac cakrám étaśaḥ sáṁ riṇāti puró dádhat saniṣyati krátuṁ naḥ
When night was ending, he moved the Sun's chariot forward and backward. Etasha brought the wheel and set it firmly in the east; it will provide our strength.
This verse describes a celestial event, possibly the movement of the sun or a divine chariot. It mentions that even as night was ending, the chariot (or sun) was moved forward, then backward, and then brought into place. The verse names 'Etasha' as the one moving the wheel, securing it in the east, promising future strength or success.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सूर चि रथ परितक्म्यायां sū́raḥ cit rátham páritakmyāyām (11 syllables)
- B. पूर्व कर॒दुप रं जूजु॒वांस॑म् pū́rvam karat úparam jūjuvā́ṃsam (11 syllables)
- C. भर चक्रमेत एतशः सं रिणाति bhárat cakrám étaśaḥ sám riṇāti (11 syllables)
- D. पु॒रो दध सनिष्यति क्रतुं नः purás dádhat saniṣyati krátum naḥ (11 syllables)
सूर (sū́raḥ)
of the Sun
चि (cit)
even
रथ (rátham)
chariot
परितक्म्यायां (páritakmyāyām)
at the end of the night
पूर्व (pū́rvam)
forward
कर॒दुप (karat)
he did, he made
रं (úparam)
backward
जूजु॒वांस॑म् (jūjuvā́ṃsam)
having moved, having driven
भर (bhárat)
he brought
चक्रमेत (cakrám)
wheel
एतशः (étaśaḥ)
Etasha (a name/epithet)
सं (sám)
together, firmly
रिणाति (riṇāti)
binds, fastens
पु॒रो (purás)
in front, eastward
दध (dádhat)
placing, setting
सनिष्यति (saniṣyati)
will grant, will give
क्रतुं (krátum)
strength, power
नः (naḥ)
to us
Stanza 5.31.12
आयं ज॑ना अभि॒चक्षे॑ जगा॒मेन्द्रः॒ सखा॑यं सु॒तसो॑ममि॒च्छन् | वद॒न्ग्रावाव॒ वेदिं॑ भ्रियाते॒ यस्य॑ जी॒रम॑ध्व॒र्यव॒श्चर॑न्ति ||
ā́yáṁ janā abhicákṣe jagāméndraḥ sákhāyaṁ sutásomam ichán vádan grā́vā́va védim bhriyāte yásya jīrám adhvaryávaś cáranti
This Indra, O people, has come to see you, seeking a friend who has prepared the Soma. The pressing stone is placed on the altar; the Adhvaryus come quickly to serve.
The speaker announces Indra's arrival, inviting people to witness him. Indra is described as seeking a companion, specifically one who has prepared the Soma juice. The stanza then details the ritualistic preparation: the pressing stone is placed on the altar (vedi), and the Adhvaryus (priestly assistants) are coming to perform their duties swiftly.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आयं ना अभिचक्षे जगा॒मे ā́ ayám janāḥ abhicákṣe jagāma (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रः सखा॑यं सुतसो॑ममि च्छन् índraḥ sákhāyam sutásomam ichán (11 syllables)
- C. व॒दन्ग्रावाव ग्रावा अव वेदिं भ्रियाते vádan grā́vā áva védim bhriyāte (11 syllables)
- D. यस्य जी॒रम अध्व॒र्यव श्चर yásya jīrám adhvaryávaḥ cáranti (11 syllables)
आयं (ā́)
here
(ayám)
ना (janāḥ)
O people
अभिचक्षे (abhicákṣe)
to see, to behold
जगा॒मे (jagāma)
has come
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
सखा॑यं (sákhāyam)
a friend
सुतसो॑ममि (sutásomam)
who has prepared Soma juice
च्छन् (ichán)
seeking
व॒दन्ग्रावाव (vádan)
saying, announcing
ग्रावा (grā́vā)
the pressing stone
अव (áva)
down
वेदिं (védim)
on the altar
भ्रियाते (bhriyāte)
is placed
यस्य (yásya)
whose
जी॒रम (jīrám)
quickly
अध्व॒र्यव (adhvaryávaḥ)
the Adhvaryus (priests)
श्चर (cáranti)
come, move about
Stanza 5.31.13
ये चा॒कन॑न्त चा॒कन॑न्त॒ नू ते मर्ता॑ अमृत॒ मो ते अंह॒ आर॑न् | वा॒व॒न्धि यज्यूँ॑रु॒त तेषु॑ धे॒ह्योजो॒ जने॑षु॒ येषु॑ ते॒ स्याम॑ ||
yé cākánanta cākánanta nū́ té mártā amr̥ta mó té áṁha ā́ran vāvandhí yájyūm̐r utá téṣu dhehy ójo jáneṣu yéṣu te syā́ma
May those mortals who have been happy continue to be happy; may they not face misfortune, O Immortal! Favor the pious sacrificers, and bestow strength upon those people with whom we may be.
The speaker prays that mortals who have been happy may continue to be so, and that they may not face misfortune. They address the immortal Indra, asking him to favor the pious sacrificers and to bestow strength upon them, specifically on those with whom the speaker wishes to be associated.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ये चा॒कन॑न्त चा॒कन॑न्त अंह yé cākánanta cākánanta nú + té (11 syllables)
- B. मर्ता अमृत मो ते अंह आर न् वा॒व mártāḥ amr̥ta mā́ u té áṃhaḥ ā́ aran (11 syllables)
- C. न्धि यजूँ रु॒त तेषु धे vāvandhí yájyūn utá téṣu dhehi (11 syllables)
- D. योजो जने॑षु येषु ते श्याम ójaḥ jáneṣu yéṣu te syā́ma (11 syllables)
ये (yé)
who
चा॒कन॑न्त (cākánanta)
may they continue to be happy
चा॒कन॑न्त (cākánanta)
may they continue to be happy
(nú +)
अंह (té)
they
मर्ता (mártāḥ)
mortals
अमृत (amr̥ta)
O Immortal (Indra)
मो (mā́)
not
ते (u)
particle
अंह (té)
they
आर (áṃhaḥ)
misfortune, distress
न् (ā́)
particle
वा॒व (aran)
may they not reach
न्धि (vāvandhí)
love, favor
यजूँ (yájyūn)
the pious sacrificers
रु॒त (utá)
and
तेषु (téṣu)
among them
धे (dhehi)
place, bestow
योजो (ójaḥ)
strength, vigour
जने॑षु (jáneṣu)
among the people
येषु (yéṣu)
in which
ते (te)
your
श्याम (syā́ma)
may we be