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Stanza 4.53.1
तद्दे॒वस्य॑ सवि॒तुर्वार्यं॑ म॒हद्वृ॑णी॒महे॒ असु॑रस्य॒ प्रचे॑तसः | छ॒र्दिर्येन॑ दा॒शुषे॒ यच्छ॑ति॒ त्मना॒ तन्नो॑ म॒हाँ उद॑यान्दे॒वो अ॒क्तुभिः॑ ||
tád devásya savitúr vā́ryam mahád vr̥ṇīmáhe ásurasya prácetasaḥ chardír yéna dāśúṣe yáchati tmánā tán no mahā́m̐ úd ayān devó aktúbhiḥ
We choose and desire this great gift of the intelligent Asura, the god Savitar, by which he grants protection to the worshiper. May that great god, Savitar, rise for us with his rays.
This hymn is a prayer to Savitar, the radiant sun-god, described as a sapient Asura. The speaker seeks Savitar's protection and blessings, asking for his chosen, great gift that he bestows upon the devoted worshiper. The plea is for the divine radiance to ascend and illuminate their lives.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तन्नो दे॒वस्य॑ सवि॒तुः वार्यं॑ म॒हत् tát devásya savitúḥ vā́ryam mahát (12 syllables)
- B. वृणी॒महे असु॑रस्य प्रचे॑तसः vr̥ṇīmáhe ásurasya prácetasaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. छ॒र्दिः येन॑ दा॒शुषे॑ यच्छ॑ति त्मना chardíḥ yéna dāśúṣe yáchati tmánā (12 syllables)
- D. तन्नो नः म॒हाँ उद यादे दे॒वो अक्तुभिः tát naḥ mahā́n út ayān deváḥ aktúbhiḥ (12 syllables)
तन्नो (tát)
that
दे॒वस्य॑ (devásya)
of the god
सवि॒तुः (savitúḥ)
of Savitar (the sun-god)
वार्यं॑ (vā́ryam)
desirable
म॒हत् (mahát)
great
वृणी॒महे (vr̥ṇīmáhe)
we choose/desire
असु॑रस्य (ásurasya)
of the powerful being
प्रचे॑तसः (prácetasaḥ)
of the intelligent/wise
छ॒र्दिः (chardíḥ)
protection/shelter
येन॑ (yéna)
by which
दा॒शुषे॑ (dāśúṣe)
to the worshiper/offerer
यच्छ॑ति (yáchati)
he grants/bestows
त्मना (tmánā)
by himself/with his own will
तन्नो (tát)
that
नः (naḥ)
for us
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
the great
उद (út)
up
यादे (ayān)
may rise/ascend
दे॒वो (deváḥ)
the god
अक्तुभिः (aktúbhiḥ)
with rays/light
Stanza 4.53.2
दि॒वो ध॒र्ता भुव॑नस्य प्र॒जाप॑तिः पि॒शङ्गं॑ द्रा॒पिं प्रति॑ मुञ्चते क॒विः | वि॒च॒क्ष॒णः प्र॒थय॑न्नापृ॒णन्नु॒र्वजी॑जनत्सवि॒ता सु॒म्नमु॒क्थ्य॑म् ||
divó dhartā́ bhúvanasya prajā́patiḥ piśáṅgaṁ drāpím práti muñcate kavíḥ vicakṣaṇáḥ pratháyann āpr̥ṇánn urv ájījanat savitā́ sumnám ukthyàm
The sustainer of the sky, the creator of the world, the wise poet, Savitar, puts on his shining garment. The all-seeing one, spreading far and wide, filling the great expanse, has brought forth the joyful bliss worthy of praise.
Savitar, the divine leader and creator, is depicted as the sustainer of the heavens and the universe. He is praised for his radiant, golden attire and his all-pervading presence. The hymn celebrates Savitar for bringing forth bliss that is worthy of praise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. दि॒वो ध॒र्ता भुव॑स्य प्र॒जाप॑तिः diváḥ dhartā́ bhúvanasya prajā́patiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. पि॒शङ्गं॑ द्रा॒पिं प्रति मुञ्चते क॒विः piśáṅgam drāpím práti muñcate kavíḥ (12 syllables)
- C. वि॒च॒क्ष॒णः प्र॒थय॑न् आ॒पृ॒णन् उ॒र्व vicakṣaṇáḥ pratháyan āpr̥ṇán urú (12 syllables)
- D. अ॒जी॒जनत् सवि॒ता सु॒म्नमु॒क्थ्यं अं ájījanat savitā́ sumnám ukthyàm (12 syllables)
दि॒वो (diváḥ)
of the sky
ध॒र्ता (dhartā́)
sustainer/supporter
भुव॑स्य (bhúvanasya)
of the world/universe
प्र॒जाप॑तिः (prajā́patiḥ)
lord of creatures/progenitor
पि॒शङ्गं॑ (piśáṅgam)
shining/golden-colored
द्रा॒पिं (drāpím)
garment/robe
प्रति (práti)
around
मुञ्चते (muñcate)
he puts on/adorns
क॒विः (kavíḥ)
poet/wise one
वि॒च॒क्ष॒णः (vicakṣaṇáḥ)
all-seeing/far-seeing
प्र॒थय॑न् (pratháyan)
spreading
आ॒पृ॒णन् (āpr̥ṇán)
filling
उ॒र्व (urú)
wide/vast
अ॒जी॒जनत् (ájījanat)
he produced/created
सवि॒ता (savitā́)
Savitar
सु॒म्नमु॒क्थ्यं (sumnám)
joy/bliss
अं (ukthyàm)
worthy of praise/celebration
Stanza 4.53.3
आप्रा॒ रजां॑सि दि॒व्यानि॒ पार्थि॑वा॒ श्लोकं॑ दे॒वः कृ॑णुते॒ स्वाय॒ धर्म॑णे | प्र बा॒हू अ॑स्राक्सवि॒ता सवी॑मनि निवे॒शय॑न्प्रसु॒वन्न॒क्तुभि॒र्जग॑त् ||
ā́prā rájāṁsi divyā́ni pā́rthivā ślókaṁ deváḥ kr̥ṇute svā́ya dhármaṇe prá bāhū́ asrāk savitā́ sávīmani niveśáyan prasuvánn aktúbhir jágat
Savitar has filled the airy and earthly regions. The god creates the hymn for his own strength. Savitar has stretched out his arms in the midst of the world, initiating motion and giving life to the world with his rays.
The hymn describes Savitar's expansive power, filling all the realms of the sky and earth. The god awakens the hymn for his own strength and purpose. Savitar extends his arms to nurture existence, and with his radiant energies, he sets the world in motion, bringing it to life.
Meter: Jagati
- A. आप्रा आ रजां॑सि दि॒व्यानि पा॒र्थिवॆ ā́ aprāḥ rájāṃsi divyā́ni pā́rthivā (12 syllables)
- B. श्लोकं॑ दे॒वः कृ॒णुते स्वाय धर्मणे ślókam deváḥ kr̥ṇute svā́ya dhármaṇe (12 syllables)
- C. प्र बा॒हू अ॒स्राक्स सवि॒ता सवी॑मनि prá bāhū́ asrāk savitā́ sávīmani (12 syllables)
- D. निवे॒श॒यन प्रसु॒वन्न अ॒क्तुभि॒ जग॑त् niveśáyan prasuván aktúbhiḥ jágat (12 syllables)
आप्रा (ā́)
completely
आ (aprāḥ)
he filled
रजां॑सि (rájāṃsi)
regions/spaces
दि॒व्यानि (divyā́ni)
heavenly/celestial
पा॒र्थिवॆ (pā́rthivā)
earthly/terrestrial
श्लोकं॑ (ślókam)
hymn/praise
दे॒वः (deváḥ)
the god
कृ॒णुते (kr̥ṇute)
he makes/creates
स्वाय (svā́ya)
for his own
धर्मणे (dhármaṇe)
for his order/strength
प्र (prá)
forth
बा॒हू (bāhū́)
arms
अ॒स्राक्स (asrāk)
he stretched out
सवि॒ता (savitā́)
Savitar
सवी॑मनि (sávīmani)
in the vital force/energy
निवे॒श॒यन (niveśáyan)
causing to settle/instating
प्रसु॒वन्न (prasuván)
causing to move/generating
अ॒क्तुभि॒ (aktúbhiḥ)
with rays/light
जग॑त् (jágat)
the world/moving beings
Stanza 4.53.4
अदा॑भ्यो॒ भुव॑नानि प्र॒चाक॑शद्व्र॒तानि॑ दे॒वः स॑वि॒ताभि र॑क्षते | प्रास्रा॑ग्बा॒हू भुव॑नस्य प्र॒जाभ्यो॑ धृ॒तव्र॑तो म॒हो अज्म॑स्य राजति ||
ádābhyo bhúvanāni pracā́kaśad vratā́ni deváḥ savitā́bhí rakṣate prā́srāg bāhū́ bhúvanasya prajā́bhyo dhr̥távrato mahó ájmasya rājati
The infallible god Savitar has illuminated the worlds. The divine Savitar protects the ordinances. He has stretched out his arms to the beings of the world; as the upholder of vows, he rules the great expanse.
Savitar, the infallible god, illuminates all existence and vigilantly guards the cosmic order and established laws. He extends his arms to protect all beings and his rule is based on these eternal principles, allowing him to govern the vast universe.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अदा॑भ्यो भुव॑नानि प्र॒चाक॑शत् ádābhyaḥ bhúvanāni pracā́kaśat (12 syllables)
- B. व्र॒तानि॑ दे॒वः सवि॒ता अभि र॒क्ष॒ते vratā́ni deváḥ savitā́ abhí rakṣate (12 syllables)
- C. प्रा अ॒स्राग् बा॒हू भुव॑स्य प्र॒जाभ्यो॑ prá asrāk bāhū́ bhúvanasya prajā́bhyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. धृ॒तव्र॑तः म॒हो अ॒ज्मस्य राजति dhr̥távrataḥ maháḥ ájmasya rājati (12 syllables)
अदा॑भ्यो (ádābhyaḥ)
infallible/unassailable
भुव॑नानि (bhúvanāni)
worlds/creatures
प्र॒चाक॑शत् (pracā́kaśat)
he illuminated/made visible
व्र॒तानि॑ (vratā́ni)
vows/ordinances/laws
दे॒वः (deváḥ)
the god
सवि॒ता (savitā́)
Savitar
अभि (abhí)
around/upon
र॒क्ष॒ते (rakṣate)
he protects
प्रा (prá)
forth
अ॒स्राग् (asrāk)
he stretched out
बा॒हू (bāhū́)
arms
भुव॑स्य (bhúvanasya)
of the world
प्र॒जाभ्यो॑ (prajā́bhyaḥ)
to the beings/creatures
धृ॒तव्र॑तः (dhr̥távrataḥ)
upholder of vows/laws
म॒हो (maháḥ)
great
अ॒ज्मस्य (ájmasya)
of the expanse/path
राजति (rājati)
he rules/reigns
Stanza 4.53.5
त्रिर॒न्तरि॑क्षं सवि॒ता म॑हित्व॒ना त्री रजां॑सि परि॒भुस्त्रीणि॑ रोच॒ना | ति॒स्रो दिवः॑ पृथि॒वीस्ति॒स्र इ॑न्वति त्रि॒भिर्व्र॒तैर॒भि नो॑ रक्षति॒ त्मना॑ ||
trír antárikṣaṁ savitā́ mahitvanā́ trī́ rájāṁsi paribhús trī́ṇi rocanā́ tisró dívaḥ pr̥thivī́s tisrá invati tribhír vrataír abhí no rakṣati tmánā
Savitar, with his greatness, envelops the three atmospheric regions, three spaces, and three luminous realms. He moves the three heavens, the three earths, and protects us with his three vows/orders.
Savitar's immense power is emphasized as he pervades the three realms: the atmosphere, the intermediate space, and the heavens. He encompasses and energizes these three cosmic regions and the three luminous spheres. With his divine might, he governs the triple heavens and earth, protecting all with his threefold order.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्रिः अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं सवि॒ता महि॒त्व॒ना trís antárikṣam savitā́ mahitvanā́ (12 syllables)
- B. त्री रजां॑सि परि॒भुः त्रीणि रो॒च॒ना trī́ rájāṃsi paribhū́ḥ trī́ṇi rocanā́ (12 syllables)
- C. ति॒स्र दि॒वः पृथि॒वीस् ति॒स्र इ॒न्वति tisráḥ dívaḥ pr̥thivī́ḥ tisráḥ invati (12 syllables)
- D. त्रि॒भिः व्र॒तैः अभि नः र॒क्ष॒ति त्मना tribhíḥ vrataíḥ abhí naḥ rakṣati tmánā (12 syllables)
त्रिः (trís)
thrice
अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं (antárikṣam)
atmosphere/intermediate space
सवि॒ता (savitā́)
Savitar
महि॒त्व॒ना (mahitvanā́)
by his greatness/power
त्री (trī́)
three
रजां॑सि (rájāṃsi)
regions/spaces
परि॒भुः (paribhū́ḥ)
encompassing/surrounding
त्रीणि (trī́ṇi)
three
रो॒च॒ना (rocanā́)
luminous spheres/heavens
ति॒स्र (tisráḥ)
three
दि॒वः (dívaḥ)
heavens
पृथि॒वीस् (pr̥thivī́ḥ)
earths
ति॒स्र (tisráḥ)
three
इ॒न्वति (invati)
he moves/sets in motion
त्रि॒भिः (tribhíḥ)
with three
व्र॒तैः (vrataíḥ)
vows/orders/laws
अभि (abhí)
around/protectively
नः (naḥ)
us
र॒क्ष॒ति (rakṣati)
he protects
त्मना (tmánā)
by himself/his own being
Stanza 4.53.6
बृ॒हत्सु॑म्नः प्रसवी॒ता नि॒वेश॑नो॒ जग॑तः स्था॒तुरु॒भय॑स्य॒ यो व॒शी | स नो॑ दे॒वः स॑वि॒ता शर्म॑ यच्छत्व॒स्मे क्षया॑य त्रि॒वरू॑थ॒मंह॑सः ||
br̥hátsumnaḥ prasavītā́ nivéśano jágata sthātúr ubháyasya yó vaśī́ sá no deváḥ savitā́ śárma yachatv asmé kṣáyāya trivárūtham áṁhasaḥ
May that god Savitar, who is of great brilliance, the generator, the establisher, the master of both the moving and stationary, grant us shelter for our dwelling, with a triple protection from distress.
Savitar is invoked as the supreme being who fosters life and provides stability. He is the master of both the moving and the non-moving aspects of the universe. The hymn requests Savitar to grant them a tranquil dwelling, protected from distress by his triple-layered defense.
Meter: Jagati
- A. बृ॒हत्सु॑म्नः प्र॒स॒वी॒ता नि॒वेश॑नः br̥hátsumnaḥ prasavītā́ nivéśanaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. जग॑तः स्था॒तुरु॒ भय॑स्य यो व॒शी jágataḥ sthātúḥ ubháyasya yáḥ vaśī́ (12 syllables)
- C. स नः दे॒वः सवि॒ता शर्म यच्छ॑तु sá naḥ deváḥ savitā́ śárma yachatu (12 syllables)
- D. अ॒स्मे क्षया॑य त्रि॒वरू॑थ॒मं हसः asmé kṣáyāya trivárūtham áṃhasaḥ (12 syllables)
बृ॒हत्सु॑म्नः (br̥hátsumnaḥ)
of great brilliance/wealth
प्र॒स॒वी॒ता (prasavītā́)
generator/promoter of life
नि॒वेश॑नः (nivéśanaḥ)
establisher/settler
जग॑तः (jágataḥ)
of the moving
स्था॒तुरु॒ (sthātúḥ)
of the stationary
भय॑स्य (ubháyasya)
of both
यो (yáḥ)
who
व॒शी (vaśī́)
master/controller
स (sá)
that
नः (naḥ)
us
दे॒वः (deváḥ)
the god
सवि॒ता (savitā́)
Savitar
शर्म (śárma)
shelter/protection
यच्छ॑तु (yachatu)
may he grant
अ॒स्मे (asmé)
to us
क्षया॑य (kṣáyāya)
for dwelling/abode
त्रि॒वरू॑थ॒मं (trivárūtham)
triple protection/shelter
हसः (áṃhasaḥ)
from distress/calamity
Stanza 4.53.7
आग॑न्दे॒व ऋ॒तुभि॒र्वर्ध॑तु॒ क्षयं॒ दधा॑तु नः सवि॒ता सु॑प्र॒जामिष॑म् | स नः॑ क्ष॒पाभि॒रह॑भिश्च जिन्वतु प्र॒जाव॑न्तं र॒यिम॒स्मे समि॑न्वतु ||
ā́gan devá r̥túbhir várdhatu kṣáyaṁ dádhātu naḥ savitā́ suprajā́m íṣam sá naḥ kṣapā́bhir áhabhiś ca jinvatu prajā́vantaṁ rayím asmé sám invatu
May the god Savitar come with the seasons and increase our dwelling. May Savitar grant us good offspring and sustenance. May he invigorate us with nights and days, and may he bring us abundance with progeny.
The hymn concludes with a prayer for Savitar's arrival with the changing seasons. The worshippers ask him to prosper their homes, grant them good offspring and sustenance, and invigorate them through day and night. They implore him to bestow upon them abundance along with progeny.
Meter: Jagati
- A. आ ग॒न्दे दे॒व ऋ॒तुभि॒ वर्ध॑तु क्षयं ā́ agan deváḥ r̥túbhiḥ várdhatu kṣáyam (12 syllables)
- B. दधा॑तु नः सवि॒ता सु॒प्र॒जामिष॑म् इ dádhātu naḥ savitā́ suprajā́m íṣam (12 syllables)
- C. स नः क्ष॒पाभि॒ अ॒ह॒श्च जि॒न्व॒तु प्र sá naḥ kṣapā́bhiḥ áhabhiḥ ca jinvatu (12 syllables)
- D. जाव॑न्तं र॒यिं अ॒स्मे समि न्वतु prajā́vantam rayím asmé sám invatu (12 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
ग॒न्दे (agan)
he came
दे॒व (deváḥ)
the god
ऋ॒तुभि॒ (r̥túbhiḥ)
with the seasons
वर्ध॑तु (várdhatu)
may he grow/increase
क्षयं (kṣáyam)
dwelling/home
दधा॑तु (dádhātu)
may he establish/grant
नः (naḥ)
us
सवि॒ता (savitā́)
Savitar
सु॒प्र॒जामिष॑म् (suprajā́m)
good offspring
इ (íṣam)
sustenance/food
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
us
क्ष॒पाभि॒ (kṣapā́bhiḥ)
with nights
अ॒ह॒श्च (áhabhiḥ)
with days
जि॒न्व॒तु (ca)
and
प्र (jinvatu)
may he invigorate
जाव॑न्तं (prajā́vantam)
with progeny
र॒यिं (rayím)
wealth
अ॒स्मे (asmé)
to us
समि (sám)
together/fully
न्वतु (invatu)
may he bring/bestow