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Stanza 10.92.1
य॒ज्ञस्य॑ वो र॒थ्यं॑ वि॒श्पतिं॑ वि॒शां होता॑रम॒क्तोरति॑थिं वि॒भाव॑सुम् | शोच॒ञ्छुष्का॑सु॒ हरि॑णीषु॒ जर्भु॑र॒द्वृषा॑ के॒तुर्य॑ज॒तो द्याम॑शायत ||
yajñásya vo rathyàṁ viśpátiṁ viśā́ṁ hótāram aktór átithiṁ vibhā́vasum śócañ chúṣkāsu háriṇīṣu járbhurad vŕ̥ṣā ketúr yajató dyā́m aśāyata
We praise you, O Agni, the charioteer of sacrifice, the lord of peoples, the priest of the tribes, the brilliant guest of the night. Blazing amid the dry, consuming the green, the strong, radiant herald has reached the sky.
This verse addresses Agni, the divine priest and guardian of humanity. He is described as the "charioteer of sacrifice," the "lord of men and tribes," and a "guest of the night." Agni's brilliance is depicted as consuming dry vegetation while also "snatching" from the green, signifying his powerful and all-encompassing nature. He is called the "strong, holy herald" who has ascended to the heavens.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यज्ञस्य वः रथ्यं विस्पतिं विश् yajñásya vaḥ rathyàm viśpátim viśā́m (12 syllables)
- B. होतारं अक्तोः अतिथिं विभावसुं hótāram aktóḥ átithim vibhā́vasum (12 syllables)
- C. शोचं शुष्कासु हरि जर्भुरत् śócan śúṣkāsu háriṇīṣu járbhurat (12 syllables)
- D. वृषा केतुः यजत द्यां अशायत vŕ̥ṣā ketúḥ yajatáḥ dyā́m aśāyata (12 syllables)
यज्ञस्य (yajñásya)
of the sacrifice
वः (vaḥ)
your
रथ्यं (rathyàm)
charioteer
विस्पतिं (viśpátim)
lord of peoples
विश् (viśā́m)
of the tribes
होतारं (hótāram)
priest (who offers oblations)
अक्तोः (aktóḥ)
of the night
अतिथिं (átithim)
guest
विभावसुं (vibhā́vasum)
radiant, brilliant
शोचं (śócan)
blazing, shining
शुष्कासु (śúṣkāsu)
in the dry
हरि (háriṇīṣu)
in the green
जर्भुरत् (járbhurat)
devouring, consuming
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
strong, powerful
केतुः (ketúḥ)
banner, signal, herald
यजत (yajatáḥ)
worshipful, venerable
द्यां (dyā́m)
the sky
अशायत (aśāyata)
reached, attained
Stanza 10.92.2
इ॒मम॑ञ्ज॒स्पामु॒भये॑ अकृण्वत ध॒र्माण॑म॒ग्निं वि॒दथ॑स्य॒ साध॑नम् | अ॒क्तुं न य॒ह्वमु॒षसः॑ पु॒रोहि॑तं॒ तनू॒नपा॑तमरु॒षस्य॑ निंसते ||
imám añjaspā́m ubháye akr̥ṇvata dharmā́ṇam agníṁ vidáthasya sā́dhanam aktúṁ ná yahvám uṣásaḥ puróhitaṁ tánūnápātam aruṣásya niṁsate
Both gods and men have made him, Agni, their chief support, who receives the offerings and completes the sacrifice. They caress him like the swift light, the household priest of dawn.
This stanza praises Agni as the primary support for both gods and humans. He is the one who "drinks the fatness" (of offerings) and "completes the sacrifice." The gods are depicted as tenderly caressing him, comparing him to a swift ray of light. Agni is also called the "household priest of Dawn," highlighting his constant presence and role in the morning rituals.
Meter: Jagati
- A. इमं अञ्जस्प उभये अकृण्वत imám añjaspā́m ubháye akr̥ṇvata (12 syllables)
- B. धर्म अग्निं विदथस्य साधनं dharmā́ṇam agním vidáthasya sā́dhanam (12 syllables)
- C. अक्तं न यह्वं उषसः पुरोहितं aktúm ná yahvám uṣásaḥ puróhitam (12 syllables)
- D. तनूनपातं अरुषस्य निंसते tánūnápātam aruṣásya niṃsate (12 syllables)
इमं (imám)
this one
अञ्जस्प (añjaspā́m)
anointing, glistening, full of fatness
उभये (ubháye)
both (gods and men)
अकृण्वत (akr̥ṇvata)
made
धर्म (dharmā́ṇam)
supporter, pillar, law
अग्निं (agním)
Agni (fire god)
विदथस्य (vidáthasya)
of the assembly, of knowledge, of sacrifice
साधनं (sā́dhanam)
support, means, foundation
अक्तं (aktúm)
light, ray
न (ná)
like
यह्वं (yahvám)
swift, rapid
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
of the dawn
पुरोहितं (puróhitam)
household priest, established one
तनूनपातं (tánūnápātam)
son of oneself (epithet of Agni)
अरुषस्य (aruṣásya)
of the red (dawn)
निंसते (niṃsate)
caress, adorn, embrace
Stanza 10.92.3
बळ॑स्य नी॒था वि प॒णेश्च॑ मन्महे व॒या अ॑स्य॒ प्रहु॑ता आसु॒रत्त॑वे | य॒दा घो॒रासो॑ अमृत॒त्वमाश॒तादिज्जन॑स्य॒ दैव्य॑स्य चर्किरन् ||
báḷ asya nīthā́ ví paṇéś ca manmahe vayā́ asya práhutā āsur áttave yadā́ ghorā́so amr̥tatvám ā́śatā́d íj jánasya daívyasya carkiran
We discern the ways of Agni and of the miserly Paṇi. His flames are ever sent forth to consume. When his terrifying flames reach the immortal realm, then people praise the divine beings.
This verse contrasts the paths of Agni ('his') with those of the miserly 'Paṇi'. The speaker states they understand or discern these different ways. Agni's 'branches' (flames) are constantly sent out to consume, suggesting his activity. When Agni's fearsome flames reach the divine realm ('immortal world'), humans then remember and praise the heavenly beings.
Meter: Jagati
- A. बट् स्य नीथा वि पणेश्च च मन्महे báṭ asya nīthā́ ví paṇéḥ ca manmahe (12 syllables)
- B. वया स्य प्रहुतास आसुः अत्तवे vayā́ḥ asya práhutāḥ āsuḥ áttave (12 syllables)
- C. यदा घोरासो अमृतत्वं आशत yadā́ ghorā́saḥ amr̥tatvám ā́śata (12 syllables)
- D. आत इत् जनस्य दैव्यस्य चर्किरन् ā́t ít jánasya daívyasya carkiran (12 syllables)
बट् (báṭ)
indeed, certainly
स्य (asya)
his
नीथा (nīthā́)
ways, paths, guidance
वि (ví)
apart, discern
पणेश्च (paṇéḥ)
of the miserly one, the merchant
च (ca)
and
मन्महे (manmahe)
we discern, understand
वया (vayā́ḥ)
branches, flames
स्य (asya)
his
प्रहुतास (práhutāḥ)
sent forth, offered
आसुः (āsuḥ)
were
अत्तवे (áttave)
for eating, to consume
यदा (yadā́)
when
घोरासो (ghorā́saḥ)
terrible, fearsome
अमृतत्वं (amr̥tatvám)
immortality, the immortal realm
आशत (ā́śata)
reached
आत (ā́t)
then
इत् (ít)
indeed
जनस्य (jánasya)
of the people, of mankind
दैव्यस्य (daívyasya)
divine, heavenly
चर्किरन् (carkiran)
praise, extol
Stanza 10.92.4
ऋ॒तस्य॒ हि प्रसि॑ति॒र्द्यौरु॒रु व्यचो॒ नमो॑ म॒ह्य१॒॑रम॑तिः॒ पनी॑यसी | इन्द्रो॑ मि॒त्रो वरु॑णः॒ सं चि॑कित्रि॒रेऽथो॒ भगः॑ सवि॒ता पू॒तद॑क्षसः ||
r̥tásya hí prásitir dyaúr urú vyáco námo mahy àrámatiḥ pánīyasī índro mitró váruṇaḥ sáṁ cikitriré 'tho bhágaḥ savitā́ pūtádakṣasaḥ
For the order of the cosmos, the Sky, the Earth's wide expanse, worship, and great devotion are present. Indra, Mitra, Varuna, Bhaga, and Savitar, with pure powers, have come together.
This verse speaks of the cosmic order and divine powers. The "net of Rta" (cosmic law), "Dyaus" (Sky), and "Uru Vyacas" (vast expanse, Earth) are invoked. "Namas" (worship) and "Mahī Aramati" (great devotion) are also mentioned. Key deities like Indra, Mitra, Varuna, Bhaga, and Savitar are said to have "conspired" or come together, indicating a unified divine will. Their 'daksas' (powers, skills) are described as pure.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ऋतस्य हि प्रसितिः द्यौः उरु व्यच r̥tásya hí prásitiḥ dyaúḥ urú vyácaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. नम मही अरमतिः पनीयसी námaḥ mahī́ arámatiḥ pánīyasī (12 syllables)
- C. इन्द्र मित्रः वरुणः सं चिकित्रिरे índraḥ mitráḥ váruṇaḥ sám cikitrire (12 syllables)
- D. अथ उ भगः सविता पूतदक्षसः átha u bhágaḥ savitā́ pūtádakṣasaḥ (12 syllables)
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of the cosmic order
हि (hí)
indeed
प्रसितिः (prásitiḥ)
net, spread, foundation
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
Sky
उरु (urú)
wide, vast
व्यच (vyácaḥ)
expanse, space
नम (námaḥ)
worship, reverence
मही (mahī́)
great
अरमतिः (arámatiḥ)
devotion, fixedness
पनीयसी (pánīyasī)
most praiseworthy, excellent
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra (king of gods)
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra (god of friendship)
वरुणः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna (god of cosmic order)
सं (sám)
together
चिकित्रिरे (cikitrire)
conspired, agreed, understood
अथ (átha)
and then
उ (u)
and
भगः (bhágaḥ)
Bhaga (god of fortune)
सविता (savitā́)
Savitar (sun god)
पूतदक्षसः (pūtádakṣasaḥ)
of pure skill/power
Stanza 10.92.5
प्र रु॒द्रेण॑ य॒यिना॑ यन्ति॒ सिन्ध॑वस्ति॒रो म॒हीम॒रम॑तिं दधन्विरे | येभिः॒ परि॑ज्मा परि॒यन्नु॒रु ज्रयो॒ वि रोरु॑वज्ज॒ठरे॒ विश्व॑मु॒क्षते॑ ||
prá rudréṇa yayínā yanti síndhavas tiró mahī́m arámatiṁ dadhanvire yébhiḥ párijmā pariyánn urú jráyo ví róruvaj jaṭháre víśvam ukṣáte
The rivers flow onward with the moving Rudra, passing over the great Earth. Parijman, moving around his vast domain, causes all within to be bedewed.
This verse describes the movement of rivers ('sindhavah') under the influence of 'Rudra' and 'yayina' (perhaps a type of wind or force). They pass over 'Mahī Aramati' (the great Earth or devotion). 'Parijman', who moves around his vast domain, causes everything within to be 'dewed' or nourished. The verse uses imagery of flowing waters and pervasive influence.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र रुद्रेण ययिना यन्ति सिन्धव prá rudréṇa yayínā yanti síndhavaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. तिरो मही अरमतिं दधन्विरे tirás mahī́m arámatim dadhanvire (12 syllables)
- C. येभिः परिज्मा परियन् उरु ज्रयः yébhiḥ párijmā pariyán urú jráyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वि रोरुवत् जठरे विश्वं उक्षते ví róruvat jaṭháre víśvam ukṣáte (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward, onward
रुद्रेण (rudréṇa)
with Rudra
ययिना (yayínā)
moving, flowing, going
यन्ति (yanti)
go, move
सिन्धव (síndhavaḥ)
rivers, streams
तिरो (tirás)
across, beyond
मही (mahī́m)
great
अरमतिं (arámatim)
devotion, Earth
दधन्विरे (dadhanvire)
placed, established
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
by whom
परिज्मा (párijmā)
Parijman (a wanderer)
परियन् (pariyán)
moving around
उरु (urú)
wide, vast
ज्रयः (jráyaḥ)
domain, expanse
वि (ví)
apart, all around
रोरुवत् (róruvat)
roaring, crying out
जठरे (jaṭháre)
in the belly, within
विश्वं (víśvam)
all, everything
उक्षते (ukṣáte)
bedews, sprinkles
Stanza 10.92.6
क्रा॒णा रु॒द्रा म॒रुतो॑ वि॒श्वकृ॑ष्टयो दि॒वः श्ये॒नासो॒ असु॑रस्य नी॒ळयः॑ | तेभि॑श्चष्टे॒ वरु॑णो मि॒त्रो अ॑र्य॒मेन्द्रो॑ दे॒वेभि॑रर्व॒शेभि॒रर्व॑शः ||
krāṇā́ rudrā́ marúto viśvákr̥ṣṭayo diváḥ śyenā́so ásurasya nīḷáyaḥ tébhiś caṣṭe váruṇo mitró aryaméndro devébhir arvaśébhir árvaśaḥ
The Rudras and Maruts, like falcons of the sky, visiting all people, reside with the Asura. With them, Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman look on, and Indra with swift gods.
This verse describes powerful divine beings as "falcons of Dyaus" (Sky) and "home-dwellers with the Asura" (a powerful entity, possibly referring to Agni or a cosmic force). These are the Rudras and Maruts, who are said to visit all people. The gods Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman observe them, and Indra, along with his swift-moving gods ('Arvashébis'), also watches.
Meter: Jagati
- A. क्राणाः रुद्राः मरुतः विश्वकृष्टयः krāṇā́ḥ rudrā́ḥ marútaḥ viśvákr̥ṣṭayaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. दिवः श्येनासो असुरस्य नीळयः diváḥ śyenā́saḥ ásurasya nīḷáyaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. तेभिः चष्टे वरुणः मित्रः अर्यमा tébhiḥ caṣṭe váruṇaḥ mitráḥ aryamā́ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र देवेभिः अर्वशेभिः अर्वशः índraḥ devébhiḥ arvaśébhiḥ árvaśaḥ (12 syllables)
क्राणाः (krāṇā́ḥ)
going straight, direct
रुद्राः (rudrā́ḥ)
Rudras (a group of deities)
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm deities)
विश्वकृष्टयः (viśvákr̥ṣṭayaḥ)
all-creating, belonging to all people
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
श्येनासो (śyenā́saḥ)
falcons, hawks
असुरस्य (ásurasya)
of the Asura (divine being)
नीळयः (nīḷáyaḥ)
nests, homes
तेभिः (tébhiḥ)
with them
चष्टे (caṣṭe)
looks at, beholds
वरुणः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra
अर्यमा (aryamā́)
Aryaman (god of hospitality)
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
देवेभिः (devébhiḥ)
with the gods
अर्वशेभिः (arvaśébhiḥ)
swift-moving
अर्वशः (árvaśaḥ)
swift, courser
Stanza 10.92.7
इन्द्रे॒ भुजं॑ शशमा॒नास॑ आशत॒ सूरो॒ दृशी॑के॒ वृष॑णश्च॒ पौंस्ये॑ | प्र ये न्व॑स्या॒र्हणा॑ ततक्षि॒रे युजं॒ वज्रं॑ नृ॒षद॑नेषु का॒रवः॑ ||
índre bhújaṁ śaśamānā́sa āśata sū́ro dŕ̥śīke vŕ̥ṣaṇaś ca paúṁsye prá yé nv àsyārháṇā tatakṣiré yújaṁ vájraṁ nr̥ṣádaneṣu kārávaḥ
Those who toil found enjoyment with Indra, in the beauty of light and the strength of the mighty one. The singers, in the assemblies of men, forged for him, as was fitting, the thunderbolt.
This verse celebrates those who worked with Indra, finding joy and strength. They are described as having found "enjoyment" and the "strength of the mighty one." The "singers" ('kāravaḥ') who are active in human assemblies ('nr̥ṣádaneṣu') are credited with forging for Indra his "thunderbolt" ('vajram'), a symbol of his power, "according to his due" and with skillful effort.
Meter: Jagati
- A. इन्द्रे भुजं शशमानासः आशत índre bhújam śaśamānā́saḥ āśata (12 syllables)
- B. सूर दृशीके वृषण च पौंस्ये sū́raḥ dŕ̥śīke vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ ca paúṃsye (12 syllables)
- C. प्र ये नु स्य अर्हणा ततक्षिरे prá yé nú asya arháṇā tatakṣiré (12 syllables)
- D. युजं वज्रं नृषदनेषु कारवः yújam vájram nr̥ṣádaneṣu kārávaḥ (12 syllables)
इन्द्रे (índre)
with Indra
भुजं (bhújam)
arm, strength, enjoyment
शशमानासः (śaśamānā́saḥ)
toiling, striving
आशत (āśata)
found, obtained
सूर (sū́raḥ)
of the sun, light
दृशीके (dŕ̥śīke)
in the visible, in the appearance
वृषण (vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ)
of the strong one
च (ca)
and
पौंस्ये (paúṃsye)
in strength, in might
प्र (prá)
indeed
ये (yé)
who
नु (nú)
now, indeed
स्य (asya)
his
अर्हणा (arháṇā)
deservedly, fittingly
ततक्षिरे (tatakṣiré)
fashioned, forged
युजं (yújam)
yoked, paired, friend
वज्रं (vájram)
thunderbolt, mace
नृषदनेषु (nr̥ṣádaneṣu)
in the seats of men, in assemblies
कारवः (kārávaḥ)
singers, worshippers
Stanza 10.92.8
सूर॑श्चि॒दा ह॒रितो॑ अस्य रीरम॒दिन्द्रा॒दा कश्चि॑द्भयते॒ तवी॑यसः | भी॒मस्य॒ वृष्णो॑ ज॒ठरा॑दभि॒श्वसो॑ दि॒वेदि॑वे॒ सहु॑रिः स्त॒न्नबा॑धितः ||
sū́raś cid ā́ haríto asya rīramad índrād ā́ káś cid bhayate távīyasaḥ bhīmásya vŕ̥ṣṇo jaṭhárād abhiśváso divé-dive sáhuri stann ábādhitaḥ
Indeed, even the sun's horses are held by him. Who fears the mightiest Indra? Unhindered, the triumphant breathing of the fearful bull thunders daily from the sky.
This verse speaks of the immense power of Indra. Even the Sun's swift horses ('haritah') are held back by him. No one dares to oppose Indra. The verse then shifts to a description of a "fearful bull" (perhaps Agni or a representation of power) whose "breathing" thunders day by day from the sky, unhindered and triumphant.
Meter: Jagati
- A. सूर चिद् आ हरित स्य रीरमत् sū́raḥ cit ā́ harítaḥ asya rīramat (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रात् आ कः चिद् भयते तवीयसः índrāt ā́ káḥ cit bhayate távīyasaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. भीमस्य वृष्णो जठरात् अभिस्वसः bhīmásya vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ jaṭhárāt abhiśvásaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. दिवे-दिवे सहुरिः स्तन् अबाधितः divé-dive sáhuriḥ stan ábādhitaḥ (12 syllables)
सूर (sū́raḥ)
of the sun
चिद् (cit)
indeed
आ (ā́)
from
हरित (harítaḥ)
bay horses, yellow horses
स्य (asya)
his
रीरमत् (rīramat)
held back, restrained
इन्द्रात् (índrāt)
from Indra
आ (ā́)
from
कः (káḥ)
who
चिद् (cit)
indeed
भयते (bhayate)
fears
तवीयसः (távīyasaḥ)
mightier
भीमस्य (bhīmásya)
of the fearful one
वृष्णो (vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ)
of the bull, of the strong one
जठरात् (jaṭhárāt)
from the belly, from the midst
अभिस्वसः (abhiśvásaḥ)
breathing, sighing
दिवे-दिवे (divé-dive)
day by day
सहुरिः (sáhuriḥ)
triumphant, victorious
स्तन् (stan)
thundered
अबाधितः (ábādhitaḥ)
unhindered, unimpeded
Stanza 10.92.9
स्तोमं॑ वो अ॒द्य रु॒द्राय॒ शिक्व॑से क्ष॒यद्वी॑राय॒ नम॑सा दिदिष्टन | येभिः॑ शि॒वः स्ववाँ॑ एव॒याव॑भिर्दि॒वः सिष॑क्ति॒ स्वय॑शा॒ निका॑मभिः ||
stómaṁ vo adyá rudrā́ya śíkvase kṣayádvīrāya námasā didiṣṭana yébhiḥ śiváḥ svávām̐ evayā́vabhir diváḥ síṣakti sváyaśā níkāmabhiḥ
Today, show your song of praise to Rudra, the swift, ruler of heroes. Offer it with humble adoration. Approach him, the auspicious and self-bright one, who follows from the sky with his desires.
This verse is a call to action, urging people to offer their "song of praise" ('stoma') to Rudra today. Rudra is described as "śikvase" (quick, active), "kṣayadvīrāya" (ruler of heroes), and "svávān" (possessing power). They are to do this with "namasā" (humble adoration). The singers are instructed to address Rudra, who, along with his auspicious and self-luminous companions, "follows" them from the sky with "nikāmabhiḥ" (desires, intentions).
Meter: Jagati
- A. स्तोमं वः अद्य रुद्राय शिक्वसे stómam vaḥ adyá rudrā́ya śíkvase (12 syllables)
- B. क्षयद्वीराय नमसा दिदिष्टन kṣayádvīrāya námasā didiṣṭana (12 syllables)
- C. येभिः शिवः स्ववाँ एवयावभिः yébhiḥ śiváḥ svávān evayā́vabhiḥ (12 syllables)
- D. दिवः सिसक्ति स्वयशाः निकामभिः diváḥ síṣakti sváyaśāḥ níkāmabhiḥ (12 syllables)
स्तोमं (stómam)
hymn, song of praise
वः (vaḥ)
your
अद्य (adyá)
today
रुद्राय (rudrā́ya)
to Rudra
शिक्वसे (śíkvase)
swift, quick
क्षयद्वीराय (kṣayádvīrāya)
ruler of heroes, lord of the dwelling
नमसा (námasā)
with homage, with adoration
दिदिष्टन (didiṣṭana)
show, offer
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
with whom
शिवः (śiváḥ)
auspicious, benevolent
स्ववाँ (svávān)
possessing power, strong
एवयावभिः (evayā́vabhiḥ)
going forth, active
दिवः (diváḥ)
from the sky
सिसक्ति (síṣakti)
follows, accompanies
स्वयशाः (sváyaśāḥ)
self-luminous, glorious
निकामभिः (níkāmabhiḥ)
with desires, intentions
Stanza 10.92.10
ते हि प्र॒जाया॒ अभ॑रन्त॒ वि श्रवो॒ बृह॒स्पति॑र्वृष॒भः सोम॑जामयः | य॒ज्ञैरथ॑र्वा प्रथ॒मो वि धा॑रयद्दे॒वा दक्षै॒र्भृग॑वः॒ सं चि॑कित्रिरे ||
té hí prajā́yā ábharanta ví śrávo bŕ̥haspátir vr̥ṣabháḥ sómajāmayaḥ yajñaír átharvā prathamó ví dhārayad devā́ dákṣair bhŕ̥gavaḥ sáṁ cikitrire
For indeed, they spread the fame of humankind: the bull Brhaspati and the brotherhood of Soma. Atharvan first established order with sacrifices; the Bhrigus, with their skill, were recognized as gods.
This verse credits a group of deities with spreading the fame of humanity. It mentions 'Brhaspati' (lord of prayer) described as a "bull" and associated with "Soma" ('Somajamaayah'). 'Atharvan', the first to establish order through sacrifices, is also named. The divine 'Bhrigus', through their "skill" ('daksaih'), were recognized and honored like gods.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ते हि प्रजायाः अभभरन्त वि श्रवः té hí prajā́yāḥ ábharanta ví śrávaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. बृहस्पतिः वृषभः सोमजामयः bŕ̥haspátiḥ vr̥ṣabháḥ sómajāmayaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. यज्ञैः अथर्वा प्रथमः वि धारयत् yajñaíḥ átharvā prathamáḥ ví dhārayat (12 syllables)
- D. देवाः दक्षैः भृगवः सं चिकित्रिरे devā́ḥ dákṣaiḥ bhŕ̥gavaḥ sám cikitrire (12 syllables)
ते (té)
they
हि (hí)
indeed
प्रजायाः (prajā́yāḥ)
of the offspring, of humankind
अभभरन्त (ábharanta)
brought forth, spread
वि (ví)
established, arranged
श्रवः (śrávaḥ)
fame, glory
बृहस्पतिः (bŕ̥haspátiḥ)
Brhaspati (lord of prayer)
वृषभः (vr̥ṣabháḥ)
bull
सोमजामयः (sómajāmayaḥ)
born of Soma, associated with Soma
यज्ञैः (yajñaíḥ)
by sacrifices
अथर्वा (átharvā)
Atharvan (a sage)
प्रथमः (prathamáḥ)
first
वि (ví)
established, arranged
धारयत् (dhārayat)
held, maintained, established
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
दक्षैः (dákṣaiḥ)
by skills, by powers
भृगवः (bhŕ̥gavaḥ)
Bhrigus (a priestly clan)
सं (sám)
together
चिकित्रिरे (cikitrire)
recognized, understood, were considered
Stanza 10.92.11
ते हि द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी भूरि॑रेतसा॒ नरा॒शंस॒श्चतु॑रङ्गो य॒मोऽदि॑तिः | दे॒वस्त्वष्टा॑ द्रविणो॒दा ऋ॑भु॒क्षणः॒ प्र रो॑द॒सी म॒रुतो॒ विष्णु॑रर्हिरे ||
té hí dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ bhū́riretasā nárāśáṁsaś cáturaṅgo yamó 'ditiḥ devás tváṣṭā draviṇodā́ r̥bhukṣáṇaḥ prá rodasī́ marúto víṣṇur arhire
For these, Sky and Earth with their abundant seed, the four-formed Narasamsa, Yama, Aditi, the god Tvashṭar the wealth-giver, the R̥ibhukshanas, Rodasī, the Maruts, and Vishnu are praised.
This verse lists several prominent deities who are praised for their abundance and merits. These include 'Dyava-Prithivi' (Sky and Earth) with their "abundant seed," 'Narasamsa' (praised by men) with four aspects, Yama (god of death), Aditi (mother goddess), the god Tvashṭar (divine craftsman), Dravinodāḥ (giver of wealth), the 'R̥ibhukshanas' (skilled artisans), 'Rodasī' (Earth and Sky), the Maruts (storm gods), and Vishnu. They are all described as having "claimed" or "merited" praise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ते हि द्यावापृथिवी भूरिरेतसा té hí dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ bhū́riretasā (12 syllables)
- B. नराशंसः चतुरङ्गः यमः अदितिः nárāśáṃsaḥ cáturaṅgaḥ yamáḥ áditiḥ (12 syllables)
- C. देव त्वष्टा द्रविणोदाः ऋभुक्षणः deváḥ tváṣṭā draviṇodā́ḥ r̥bhukṣáṇaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. प्र रोदसी मरुतः विष्णुः अर्हिरे prá rodasī́ marútaḥ víṣṇuḥ arhire (12 syllables)
ते (té)
they
हि (hí)
indeed
द्यावापृथिवी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
Sky and Earth
भूरिरेतसा (bhū́riretasā)
with abundant seed/vitality
नराशंसः (nárāśáṃsaḥ)
praised by men
चतुरङ्गः (cáturaṅgaḥ)
four-limbed, four-formed
यमः (yamáḥ)
Yama (god of death)
अदितिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (mother of gods)
देव (deváḥ)
god
त्वष्टा (tváṣṭā)
Tvashṭar (divine craftsman)
द्रविणोदाः (draviṇodā́ḥ)
giver of wealth
ऋभुक्षणः (r̥bhukṣáṇaḥ)
the R̥ibhus (divine artisans)
प्र (prá)
indeed
रोदसी (rodasī́)
Earth and Sky
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
Maruts
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
Vishnu
अर्हिरे (arhire)
claimed, obtained, deserved
Stanza 10.92.12
उ॒त स्य न॑ उ॒शिजा॑मुर्वि॒या क॒विरहिः॑ शृणोतु बु॒ध्न्यो॒३॒॑ हवी॑मनि | सूर्या॒मासा॑ वि॒चर॑न्ता दिवि॒क्षिता॑ धि॒या श॑मीनहुषी अ॒स्य बो॑धतम् ||
utá syá na uśíjām urviyā́ kavír áhiḥ śr̥ṇotu budhnyò hávīmani sū́ryāmā́sā vicárantā divikṣítā dhiyā́ śamīnahuṣī asyá bodhatam
May he too, the sage, the dragon of the deep, hear our yearning call from afar. You, Sun and Moon, moving in the sky, and you, Earth and Sky, with your thought, observe this.
This verse expresses a desire for divine attention. The speaker asks that "he" (likely a god) hear their "yearning call," coming from afar. This "he" is identified as the "sage" ('kavih'), the "dragon of the deep" ('budhnyah ahih'), and also the "divine thought" ('dhiya'). The Sun and Moon, who move and dwell in the sky, are invoked to observe and understand the call, along with Earth and Sky ('Samīnahuṣī').
Meter: Jagati
- A. उत स्य नः उशिजां उर्विया कविः utá syá naḥ uśíjām urviyā́ kavíḥ (12 syllables)
- B. अहिः शृणोतु बुध्न्यः हवीमनि áhiḥ śr̥ṇotu budhnyàḥ hávīmani (12 syllables)
- C. सूर्यामासा विचLSTM दिविक्षिता sū́ryāmā́sā vicárantā divikṣítā (12 syllables)
- D. धिया शमीनुषी अस्य बोधतं dhiyā́ śamīnahuṣī asyá bodhatam (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and also
स्य (syá)
he
नः (naḥ)
our
उशिजां (uśíjām)
of the eager ones, of those who yearn
उर्विया (urviyā́)
from afar, widely
कविः (kavíḥ)
sage, seer
अहिः (áhiḥ)
serpent, dragon
शृणोतु (śr̥ṇotu)
may he hear
बुध्न्यः (budhnyàḥ)
deep, of the depths
हवीमनि (hávīmani)
in this offering, in this call
सूर्यामासा (sū́ryāmā́sā)
Sun and Moon
विचLSTM (vicárantā)
moving around
दिविक्षिता (divikṣítā)
dwellers in the sky
धिया (dhiyā́)
with thought, by intellect
शमीनुषी (śamīnahuṣī)
Earth and Sky (vocative)
अस्य (asyá)
this
बोधतं (bodhatam)
perceive, understand, be aware
Stanza 10.92.13
प्र नः॑ पू॒षा च॒रथं॑ वि॒श्वदे॑व्यो॒ऽपां नपा॑दवतु वा॒युरि॒ष्टये॑ | आ॒त्मानं॒ वस्यो॑ अ॒भि वात॑मर्चत॒ तद॑श्विना सुहवा॒ याम॑नि श्रुतम् ||
prá naḥ pūṣā́ caráthaṁ viśvádevyo 'pā́ṁ nápād avatu vāyúr iṣṭáye ātmā́naṁ vásyo abhí vā́tam arcata tád aśvinā suhavā yā́mani śrutam
May Pūṣan, the son of waters, and Vayu guard our journey and help us achieve our desires. Sing praises for your great bliss to the wind. O Aśvins, easy to invoke, hear this upon your journey.
This verse is a prayer for protection and success. The speaker asks Pūṣan (nurturer), the "son of the waters" (Apām Napāt), and Vayu (wind god) to guard their "ways" and help them achieve their "desires" ('iṣṭaye'). They are urged to sing praises for their great "bliss" ('vasyaḥ') to the "wind" ('Vātam'), and they invoke the Aśvins, calling them "suhavā" (easy to invoke) and asking them to "hear" this call while they are on their journey.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र नः पूषा चरथं विश्वदेव्यः prá naḥ pūṣā́ carátham viśvádevyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. अपां नपात् अवत वायुः इष्टये apā́m nápāt avatu vāyúḥ iṣṭáye (12 syllables)
- C. आत्मानं वस्यः अभि वातं अर्चत ātmā́nam vásyaḥ abhí vā́tam arcata (12 syllables)
- D. तद् अश्विना सुहवा यामन श्रुतं tát aśvinā suhavā yā́mani śrutam (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
नः (naḥ)
us
पूषा (pūṣā́)
Pūṣan (nurturer, stimulator)
चरथं (carátham)
journey, path
विश्वदेव्यः (viśvádevyaḥ)
dear to all gods
अपां (apā́m)
of the waters
नपात् (nápāt)
son
अवत (avatu)
may he protect
वायुः (vāyúḥ)
Vayu (wind god)
इष्टये (iṣṭáye)
for desire, for success
आत्मानं (ātmā́nam)
self
वस्यः (vásyaḥ)
bliss, benefit
अभि (abhí)
to, towards
वातं (vā́tam)
wind
अर्चत (arcata)
sing, praise
तद् (tát)
that
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Aśvins (divine twins)
सुहवा (suhavā)
easy to invoke
यामन (yā́mani)
on the journey, on the path
श्रुतं (śrutam)
heard, listen
Stanza 10.92.14
वि॒शामा॒सामभ॑यानामधि॒क्षितं॑ गी॒र्भिरु॒ स्वय॑शसं गृणीमसि | ग्नाभि॒र्विश्वा॑भि॒रदि॑तिमन॒र्वण॑म॒क्तोर्युवा॑नं नृ॒मणा॒ अधा॒ पति॑म् ||
viśā́m āsā́m ábhayānām adhikṣítaṁ gīrbhír u sváyaśasaṁ gr̥ṇīmasi gnā́bhir víśvābhir áditim anarváṇam aktór yúvānaṁ nr̥máṇā ádhā pátim
We praise with hymns, and all celestial dames, him who is lord over these fearless tribes, the self-resplendent one. We praise Night's youthful, men-favouring, foeless master.
This verse praises a supreme being, the "Lord" ('Adhikshitam') over "fearless tribes" ('abhayanam'). He is "self-resplendent" ('svayashasam'). The speaker, along with "all celestial dames" ('gnābhir vishvābhih'), sings praises to him. He is also described as "youthful," "benevolent to men" ('nr̥maṇāḥ'), "foeless" ('anarvaṇam'), and the "master" ('patim') of the night ('aktóḥ').
Meter: Jagati
- A. विश् आसाम अभयानां अधिक्षितं viśā́m āsā́m ábhayānām adhikṣítam (12 syllables)
- B. गीर्भिः उ स्वयशसं गृणीमसि gīrbhíḥ u sváyaśasam gr̥ṇīmasi (12 syllables)
- C. ग्नाभिः विश्वाभिः अदितिं अनर्वणं gnā́bhiḥ víśvābhiḥ áditim anarváṇam (12 syllables)
- D. अक्तोः युवानं नृमणाः पतिं aktóḥ yúvānam nr̥máṇāḥ ádha + pátim (12 syllables)
विश् (viśā́m)
of the tribes
आसाम (āsā́m)
these
अभयानां (ábhayānām)
fearless
अधिक्षितं (adhikṣítam)
seated above, reigning
गीर्भिः (gīrbhíḥ)
with hymns
उ (u)
indeed
स्वयशसं (sváyaśasam)
self-glorious, self-resplendent
गृणीमसि (gr̥ṇīmasi)
we praise, we sing
ग्नाभिः (gnā́bhiḥ)
with the female deities (dames)
विश्वाभिः (víśvābhiḥ)
all
अदितिं (áditim)
Aditi (boundless)
अनर्वणं (anarváṇam)
foeless, unhindered
अक्तोः (aktóḥ)
of the night
युवानं (yúvānam)
youthful
नृमणाः (nr̥máṇāḥ)
benevolent to men, human-hearted
(ádha +)
पतिं (pátim)
lord, master
Stanza 10.92.15
रेभ॒दत्र॑ ज॒नुषा॒ पूर्वो॒ अङ्गि॑रा॒ ग्रावा॑ण ऊ॒र्ध्वा अ॒भि च॑क्षुरध्व॒रम् | येभि॒र्विहा॑या॒ अभ॑वद्विचक्ष॒णः पाथः॑ सु॒मेकं॒ स्वधि॑ति॒र्वन॑न्वति ||
rébhad átra janúṣā pū́rvo áṅgirā grā́vāṇa ūrdhvā́ abhí cakṣur adhvarám yébhir víhāyā ábhavad vicakṣaṇáḥ pā́thaḥ sumékaṁ svádhitir vánanvati
Here, by birth, the first Angiras sang. The upraised pressing stones beheld the sacrifice. Through them, the wise one became vast. The sharp axe obtains the beautiful place of victory.
This verse describes the primordial sage Angiras singing for the first time. The "pressing stones" ('grāvāṇaḥ'), held "upraised," "beheld the sacrifice" ('adhvaram'). Through these stones, the "sage" ('vihāyaḥ') became "exceeding vast" ('vicakṣaṇaḥ'). The "sharp axe" ('svadhitiḥ') is said to obtain the "beauteous place" ('pathaḥ sumekam') in battle or when conquering ('vananvati').
Meter: Jagati
- A. रेभत् अत्र जनुषा पूर्वः अङ्गिराः rébhat átra janúṣā pū́rvaḥ áṅgirāḥ (12 syllables)
- B. ग्रावाणः ऊर्ध्वाः अभि चक्षुः अध्वरं grā́vāṇaḥ ūrdhvā́ḥ abhí cakṣuḥ adhvarám (12 syllables)
- C. येभिः विहाय अभवत् विचक्षणः yébhiḥ víhāyāḥ ábhavat vicakṣaṇáḥ (12 syllables)
- D. पाथः सुमेकं स्वधितिः वनन्वति pā́thaḥ sumékam svádhitiḥ vánanvati (12 syllables)
रेभत् (rébhat)
sang, chanted
अत्र (átra)
here
जनुषा (janúṣā)
by birth
पूर्वः (pū́rvaḥ)
first
अङ्गिराः (áṅgirāḥ)
Angiras (a primordial sage)
ग्रावाणः (grā́vāṇaḥ)
pressing stones
ऊर्ध्वाः (ūrdhvā́ḥ)
upraised, elevated
अभि (abhí)
towards
चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ)
saw, beheld
अध्वरं (adhvarám)
sacrifice, ritual
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
by which
विहाय (víhāyāḥ)
the sage, the wise one
अभवत् (ábhavat)
became
विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇáḥ)
all-seeing, wise, vast
पाथः (pā́thaḥ)
place, path
सुमेकं (sumékam)
beautiful, desirable
स्वधितिः (svádhitiḥ)
axe, sharp tool
वनन्वति (vánanvati)
in the fight, in conquest, obtaining