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Stanza 10.73.1
जनि॑ष्ठा उ॒ग्रः सह॑से तु॒राय॑ म॒न्द्र ओजि॑ष्ठो बहु॒लाभि॑मानः | अव॑र्ध॒न्निन्द्रं॑ म॒रुत॑श्चि॒दत्र॑ मा॒ता यद्वी॒रं द॒धन॒द्धनि॑ष्ठा ||
jániṣṭhā ugráḥ sáhase turā́ya mandrá ójiṣṭho bahulā́bhimānaḥ ávardhann índram marútaś cid átra mātā́ yád vīráṁ dadhánad dhániṣṭhā
You were born mighty for victorious battle and struggle, joyful, strongest, full of great pride. Even here, the Maruts and others strengthened Indra when the mother nurtured the hero.
This verse addresses Indra, celebrating his powerful birth and attributes. It highlights his strength for battle and victory, his exultant and supreme power, and his immense pride. The verse also mentions the Maruts aiding Indra and the concept of his 'mother' nurturing him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. जनि॑ष्ठा उ॒ग्रः सह॑से तु॒राय॑ jániṣṭhāḥ ugráḥ sáhase turā́ya (11 syllables)
- B. म॒न्द्र ओजि॑ष्ठः बहु॒लाभि॑मानः mandráḥ ójiṣṭhaḥ bahulā́bhimānaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अव॑र्ध॒न् इन्द्रं॑ म॒रुत॑श्चि॒दत्र॑ चि॒दत्र॑ अत्र॑ ávardhan índram marútaḥ cit átra (11 syllables)
- D. मा॒ता यत् वी॒रं द॒धन॒द्धनि॑ष्ठा धनि॑ष्ठा mātā́ yát vīrám dadhánat dhániṣṭhā (11 syllables)
जनि॑ष्ठा (jániṣṭhāḥ)
you were born
उ॒ग्रः (ugráḥ)
mighty, formidable
सह॑से (sáhase)
for strength, for power
तु॒राय॑ (turā́ya)
for victory, for speed
म॒न्द्र (mandráḥ)
joyful, exultant
ओजि॑ष्ठः (ójiṣṭhaḥ)
strongest
बहु॒लाभि॑मानः (bahulā́bhimānaḥ)
full of pride, having great self-regard
अव॑र्ध॒न् (ávardhan)
they strengthened
इन्द्रं॑ (índram)
Indra
म॒रुत॑श्चि॒दत्र॑ (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm deities)
चि॒दत्र॑ (cit)
and
अत्र॑ (átra)
here, in this context
मा॒ता (mātā́)
mother
यत् (yát)
when
वी॒रं (vīrám)
hero
द॒धन॒द्धनि॑ष्ठा (dadhánat)
nurtured, sustained
धनि॑ष्ठा (dhániṣṭhā)
swift, most rapid (referring to the mother or the action)
Stanza 10.73.2
द्रु॒हो निष॑त्ता पृश॒नी चि॒देवैः॑ पु॒रू शंसे॑न वावृधु॒ष्ट इन्द्र॑म् | अ॒भीवृ॑तेव॒ ता म॑हाप॒देन॑ ध्वा॒न्तात्प्र॑पि॒त्वादुद॑रन्त॒ गर्भाः॑ ||
druhó níṣattā pr̥śanī́ cid évaiḥ purū́ śáṁsena vāvr̥dhuṣ ṭá índram abhī́vr̥teva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́t prapitvā́d úd aranta gárbhāḥ
Seated with hostility, Prishni herself was there. With much praise, they strengthened Indra. As if surrounded, those great beings, from darkness and proximity, emerged as children.
This stanza describes how Indra, despite being associated with negative forces ('druhaḥ niṣattā' - seated with hostility), was strengthened by praises. It speaks of 'Prishni' being present and how, like being encompassed by something mighty, the 'children' (possibly referring to the Maruts or Indra's powers) emerged from darkness. The overall sense is of Indra's emergence and strengthening.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. द्रु॒हो निष॑त्ता पृश॒नी चि॒देवैः॑ एवैः॑ druháḥ níṣattā pr̥śanī́ cit évaiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. शंसे॑न वावृधु॒ष्ट इन्द्र॑म् इन्द्र॑म् purú + śáṃsena vāvr̥dhuḥ té índram (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒भीवृ॑तेव इव ता म॒हाप॒देन॑ abhī́vr̥tā iva tā́ mahāpadéna (11 syllables)
- D. ध्वा॒न्तात्प्र॑पि॒त्वादुद॑रन्त प्रपि॒त्वादुद॑रन्त उद॑रन्त उद॑रन्त गर्भाः॑ dhvāntā́t prapitvā́t út aranta gárbhāḥ (11 syllables)
द्रु॒हो (druháḥ)
of hostility, of deceit
निष॑त्ता (níṣattā)
seated, established
पृश॒नी (pr̥śanī́)
Prishni (a name, possibly referring to a goddess or the sky)
चि॒देवैः॑ (cit)
and
एवैः॑ (évaiḥ)
with (powers, attendants)
(purú +)
शंसे॑न (śáṃsena)
by praise, by chanting
वावृधु॒ष्ट (vāvr̥dhuḥ)
they grew strong, they were strengthened
इन्द्र॑म् (té)
they
इन्द्र॑म् (índram)
Indra
अ॒भीवृ॑तेव (abhī́vr̥tā)
encompassed, surrounded
इव (iva)
as if, like
ता (tā́)
those (beings)
म॒हाप॒देन॑ (mahāpadéna)
with a great foot, by a mighty stride
ध्वा॒न्तात्प्र॑पि॒त्वादुद॑रन्त (dhvāntā́t)
from darkness
प्रपि॒त्वादुद॑रन्त (prapitvā́t)
from being very near
उद॑रन्त (út)
forth, up
उद॑रन्त (aranta)
they emerged, they sprang forth
गर्भाः॑ (gárbhāḥ)
children, offspring
Stanza 10.73.3
ऋ॒ष्वा ते॒ पादा॒ प्र यज्जिगा॒स्यव॑र्ध॒न्वाजा॑ उ॒त ये चि॒दत्र॑ | त्वमि॑न्द्र सालावृ॒कान्त्स॒हस्र॑मा॒सन्द॑धिषे अ॒श्विना व॑वृत्याः ||
r̥ṣvā́ te pā́dā prá yáj jígāsy ávardhan vā́jā utá yé cid átra tvám indra sālāvr̥kā́n sahásram āsán dadhiṣe aśvínā́ vavr̥tyāḥ
Your swift feet move forward. The praises and strength you have found increase you. You hold a thousand hyenas in your mouth. O Indra, may you attract the Ashvins with your grace.
This verse describes Indra's powerful presence and actions. His 'feet' are described as 'high' when he moves, implying his swift and dominant movement. It states that the praises ('vājas') and strength he receives help him grow. He is depicted as having immense power, capable of holding a thousand hyenas in his mouth, and the poet invokes him, wishing for the Ashvins (divine physicians) to be drawn to him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋ॒ष्वा ते पादा॒ प्र यज्जिगा॒स्यव॑र्ध॒न् जिगा॒स्यव॑र्ध॒न् r̥ṣvā́ te pā́dā prá yát jígāsi (10 syllables)
- B. अव॑र्ध॒न् वाजा॑ उ॒त ये चि॒दत्र॑ अत्र॑ ávardhan vā́jāḥ utá yé cit átra (11 syllables)
- C. त्वमि॑न्द्र इन्द्र सालावृ॒कान्त्स सहस्र॑मा॒ tvám indra sālāvr̥kā́n sahásram (11 syllables)
- D. आ॒सन्द॑धिषे अ॒श्विना आ व॒वृत्याः॑ āsán dadhiṣe aśvínā ā́ vavr̥tyāḥ (11 syllables)
ऋ॒ष्वा (r̥ṣvā́)
high, lofty
ते (te)
your
पादा॒ (pā́dā)
feet
प्र (prá)
forward
यज्जिगा॒स्यव॑र्ध॒न् (yát)
when
जिगा॒स्यव॑र्ध॒न् (jígāsi)
you go, you move
अव॑र्ध॒न् (ávardhan)
they increased, they strengthened
वाजा॑ (vā́jāḥ)
praises, strength, food
उ॒त (utá)
and
ये (yé)
which
चि॒दत्र॑ (cit)
also
अत्र॑ (átra)
here
त्वमि॑न्द्र (tvám)
you
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
सालावृ॒कान्त्स (sālāvr̥kā́n)
hyenas (figurative for enemies or fierce beings)
सहस्र॑मा॒ (sahásram)
a thousand
आ॒सन्द॑धिषे (āsán)
in the mouth
(dadhiṣe)
अ॒श्विना (aśvínā)
O Ashvins (divine twin horsemen)
आ (ā́)
towards
व॒वृत्याः॑ (vavr̥tyāḥ)
may you turn, may you attract
Stanza 10.73.4
स॒म॒ना तूर्णि॒रुप॑ यासि य॒ज्ञमा नास॑त्या स॒ख्याय॑ वक्षि | व॒साव्या॑मिन्द्र धारयः स॒हस्रा॒श्विना॑ शूर ददतुर्म॒घानि॑ ||
samanā́ tū́rṇir úpa yāsi yajñám ā́ nā́satyā sakhyā́ya vakṣi vasā́vyām indra dhārayaḥ sahásrāśvínā śūra dadatur maghā́ni
You come swiftly together to the sacrifice. For friendship, you bring the two Ashvins. You hold a thousand treasures. O hero, the Ashvins gave you wealth.
Indra is depicted as swiftly approaching the sacrifice ('yajñam'). He is described as bringing the divine twins, the Ashvins ('Nāsatyā'), for friendship. The verse states that Indra possesses a thousand treasures and that the Ashvins themselves gifted him riches.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स॒म॒ना तूर्णि॒रुप॑ उप॑ यासि य॒ज्ञमा samanā́ tū́rṇiḥ úpa yāsi yajñám (11 syllables)
- B. नास॑त्या नास॑त्या स॒ख्याय॑ वक्षि ā́ nā́satyā sakhyā́ya vakṣi (11 syllables)
- C. व॒साव्या॑मिन्द्र इन्द्र धारयः॑ स॒हस्रा vasā́vyām indra dhārayaḥ sahásrā (11 syllables)
- D. अ॒श्विना शूर ददतुर्म॒ घानि॑ aśvínā śūra dadatuḥ maghā́ni (11 syllables)
स॒म॒ना (samanā́)
together, in accord
तूर्णि॒रुप॑ (tū́rṇiḥ)
swift, quick
उप॑ (úpa)
towards
यासि (yāsi)
you come, you go
य॒ज्ञमा (yajñám)
sacrifice
नास॑त्या (ā́)
and
नास॑त्या (nā́satyā)
the two Ashvins (divine twins)
स॒ख्याय॑ (sakhyā́ya)
for friendship
वक्षि (vakṣi)
you bring, you carry
व॒साव्या॑मिन्द्र (vasā́vyām)
in possessions, in wealth
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
धारयः॑ (dhārayaḥ)
you possess, you hold
स॒हस्रा (sahásrā)
thousands
अ॒श्विना (aśvínā)
the two Ashvins
शूर (śūra)
O hero
ददतुर्म॒ (dadatuḥ)
they gave
घानि॑ (maghā́ni)
riches, gifts
Stanza 10.73.5
मन्द॑मान ऋ॒तादधि॑ प्र॒जायै॒ सखि॑भि॒रिन्द्र॑ इषि॒रेभि॒रर्थ॑म् | आभि॒र्हि मा॒या उप॒ दस्यु॒मागा॒न्मिहः॒ प्र त॒म्रा अ॑वप॒त्तमां॑सि ||
mándamāna r̥tā́d ádhi prajā́yai sákhibhir índra iṣirébhir ártham ā́bhir hí māyā́ úpa dásyum ā́gān míhaḥ prá tamrā́ avapat támāṁsi
Happy, from the divine order, for offspring and with friends who strive, Indra sought the goal. With these, his powerful arts, he attacked the enemy, dispelling the dark mists and shadows.
This verse describes Indra, happy and joyful, acting for the sake of progeny and with his friends who are eager for the goal. Using his powerful magical abilities ('māyāḥ'), he attacked the 'dasyu' (demon or enemy). He dispelled the dark, gloomy mists and shadows.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मन्द॑मान ऋ॒तादधि॑ अधि प्र॒जायै॒ mándamānaḥ r̥tā́t ádhi prajā́yai (11 syllables)
- B. सखि॑भिः इन्द्र इषि॒रेभि॒रर्थ॑म् अर्थ॑म् sákhibhiḥ índraḥ iṣirébhiḥ ártham (11 syllables)
- C. आगा॒न्मिहः॒ आभि॒ हि मा॒या उप द॒स्यु॒मागा॒न्मिहः॒ आगा॒न्मिहः॒ आगा॒न्मिहः॒ ā́ ābhiḥ hí māyā́ḥ úpa dásyum ā́ ágāt (11 syllables)
- D. मिहः॒ प्र त॒म्रा अव॑प॒त्तमां॑सि तमां॑सि míhaḥ prá tamrā́ḥ avapat támāṃsi (11 syllables)
मन्द॑मान (mándamānaḥ)
rejoicing, being happy
ऋ॒तादधि॑ (r̥tā́t)
from the cosmic order
अधि (ádhi)
upon, from
प्र॒जायै॒ (prajā́yai)
for progeny, for offspring
सखि॑भिः (sákhibhiḥ)
with friends
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
इषि॒रेभि॒रर्थ॑म् (iṣirébhiḥ)
with those who hasten, with the eager
अर्थ॑म् (ártham)
for the goal, for the purpose
आगा॒न्मिहः॒ (ā́)
towards
आभि॒ (ābhiḥ)
with these
हि (hí)
indeed
मा॒या (māyā́ḥ)
magic powers, illusions
उप (úpa)
towards
द॒स्यु॒मागा॒न्मिहः॒ (dásyum)
the enemy, the demon
आगा॒न्मिहः॒ (ā́)
towards
आगा॒न्मिहः॒ (ágāt)
he went, he came
मिहः॒ (míhaḥ)
mists, clouds
प्र (prá)
forth
त॒म्रा (tamrā́ḥ)
dark, red (like dawn or dusk)
अव॑प॒त्तमां॑सि (avapat)
he cast away, he removed
तमां॑सि (támāṃsi)
darkness, gloom
Stanza 10.73.6
सना॑माना चिद्ध्वसयो॒ न्य॑स्मा॒ अवा॑ह॒न्निन्द्र॑ उ॒षसो॒ यथानः॑ | ऋ॒ष्वैर॑गच्छः॒ सखि॑भि॒र्निका॑मैः सा॒कं प्र॑ति॒ष्ठा हृद्या॑ जघन्थ ||
sánāmānā cid dhvasayo ny àsmā ávāhann índra uṣáso yáthā́naḥ r̥ṣvaír agachaḥ sákhibhir níkāmaiḥ sākám pratiṣṭhā́ hŕ̥dyā jaghantha
You struck down two similar ones, and like Indra, you destroyed the chariot of dawn. You came with your beloved friends. With the strength of your heart, you have struck down.
This verse speaks of Indra's power and victory. He is described as destroying two beings of the same name ('sānāmānā') and striking down the chariot of Ushas (dawn). It suggests he arrived with his beloved and powerful friends, and with strength from his heart, he defeated his enemies.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सना॑माना चिद्ध्वसयो द्ध्वसयो न्य॑ अस्मा॒ sánāmānā cit dhvasayaḥ ní asmai (11 syllables)
- B. अवा॑ह॒न् अवा॑ह॒न् इन्द्र॑ उ॒षसो॒ यथानः॑ अ॒नः áva ahan índraḥ uṣásaḥ yáthā ánaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ऋ॒ष्वैर॑गच्छः॒ गच्छः॒ सखि॑भिः निका॑मैः r̥ṣvaíḥ agachaḥ sákhibhiḥ níkāmaiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सा॒कं प्र॒ति॒ष्ठा हृद्या॑ जघन्थ sākám pratiṣṭhā́ hŕ̥dyā jaghantha (11 syllables)
सना॑माना (sánāmānā)
two of the same name
चिद्ध्वसयो (cit)
indeed
द्ध्वसयो (dhvasayaḥ)
you destroy, you cause to fall
न्य॑ (ní)
down
अस्मा॒ (asmai)
for him
अवा॑ह॒न् (áva)
down
अवा॑ह॒न् (ahan)
he struck, he destroyed
इन्द्र॑ (índraḥ)
Indra
उ॒षसो॒ (uṣásaḥ)
of the dawn
यथानः॑ (yáthā)
as
अ॒नः (ánaḥ)
chariot, vehicle
ऋ॒ष्वैर॑गच्छः॒ (r̥ṣvaíḥ)
lofty, great
गच्छः॒ (agachaḥ)
you came
सखि॑भिः (sákhibhiḥ)
with friends
निका॑मैः (níkāmaiḥ)
with desires, with beloved ones
सा॒कं (sākám)
together with
प्र॒ति॒ष्ठा (pratiṣṭhā́)
firmness, stability
हृद्या॑ (hŕ̥dyā)
from the heart
जघन्थ (jaghantha)
you have struck, you have killed
Stanza 10.73.7
त्वं ज॑घन्थ॒ नमु॑चिं मख॒स्युं दासं॑ कृण्वा॒न ऋष॑ये॒ विमा॑यम् | त्वं च॑कर्थ॒ मन॑वे स्यो॒नान्प॒थो दे॑व॒त्राञ्ज॑सेव॒ याना॑न् ||
tváṁ jaghantha námucim makhasyúṁ dā́saṁ kr̥ṇvāná ŕ̥ṣaye vímāyam tváṁ cakartha mánave syonā́n pathó devatrā́ñjaseva yā́nān
You killed the enjoyment-loving Namuci, making the foe's (magic) for the seer. You made pleasant paths for man, pathways that directly lead to the gods.
This verse praises Indra for his heroic deeds. He is credited with defeating Namuci, described as a 'makhasyu' (one who devours offerings or enjoyment) and a 'dasa' (a foe). Indra is said to have made the magical powers of this foe available for the 'rishi' (seer/poet). Furthermore, Indra created pleasant and direct paths ('syonaan pathah') for mankind to reach the divine realms.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं ज॑घन्थ नमु॑चिं मख॒स्युं tvám jaghantha námucim makhasyúm (11 syllables)
- B. दासं॑ कृ॒ण्वा॒न ऋ॒षये विमा॑यम् dā́sam kr̥ṇvānáḥ ŕ̥ṣaye vímāyam (11 syllables)
- C. त्वं चकर्थ मन॑वे स्यो॒नान् tvám cakartha mánave syonā́n (11 syllables)
- D. प॒थो दे॒व॒त्राञ्ज॑सेव अञ्ज॑सेव इव या॒नान् patháḥ devatrā́ áñjasā iva yā́nān (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
ज॑घन्थ (jaghantha)
you have killed, you have struck down
नमु॑चिं (námucim)
Namuci (a demon)
मख॒स्युं (makhasyúm)
one who enjoys or devours offerings
दासं॑ (dā́sam)
the foe, the servant (often referring to non-Aryans)
कृ॒ण्वा॒न (kr̥ṇvānáḥ)
making, causing
ऋ॒षये (ŕ̥ṣaye)
for the seer, for the poet
विमा॑यम् (vímāyam)
magic, illusion, especial power
त्वं (tvám)
you
चकर्थ (cakartha)
you made, you created
मन॑वे (mánave)
for man, for Manu
स्यो॒नान् (syonā́n)
pleasant, comfortable
प॒थो (patháḥ)
paths, ways
दे॒व॒त्राञ्ज॑सेव (devatrā́)
towards the gods, in the divine realm
अञ्ज॑सेव (áñjasā)
directly, straightforwardly
इव (iva)
as if, like
या॒नान् (yā́nān)
going, moving
Stanza 10.73.8
त्वमे॒तानि॑ पप्रिषे॒ वि नामेशा॑न इन्द्र दधिषे॒ गभ॑स्तौ | अनु॑ त्वा दे॒वाः शव॑सा मदन्त्यु॒परि॑बुध्नान्व॒निन॑श्चकर्थ ||
tvám etā́ni papriṣe ví nā́méśāna indra dadhiṣe gábhastau ánu tvā devā́ḥ śávasā madanty upáribudhnān vanínaś cakartha
You have fulfilled these names. As Lord, you hold (power) in your arm. The gods rejoice with you in strength. You have made the roots of trees grow upwards.
This verse acknowledges Indra's complete fulfillment of his various names and roles ('nāma'). It states that he holds dominion ('īśānaḥ') in his arm. The gods rejoice in his strength ('śavasā'). The verse concludes by saying Indra has directed the roots of trees upwards, implying control over growth and nature.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वमे॒ तानि पप्रिषे॒ वि ना॒मेशा॑न tvám etā́ni papriṣe ví nā́ma (11 syllables)
- B. ईशान इन्द्र दधिषे॒ गभ॑स्तौ ī́śānaḥ indra dadhiṣe gábhastau (11 syllables)
- C. अनु त्वा दे॒वाः शव॑सा मदन्त्यु॒परि॑बुध्नान्व॒ ánu tvā devā́ḥ śávasā madanti (11 syllables)
- D. परिबुध्नान्व॒ निन॑श्चकर्थ चकर्थ upáribudhnān vanínaḥ cakartha (11 syllables)
त्वमे॒ (tvám)
you
तानि (etā́ni)
these
पप्रिषे॒ (papriṣe)
you have filled, you have fulfilled
वि (ví)
apart, completely
ना॒मेशा॑न (nā́ma)
names
ईशान (ī́śānaḥ)
ruler, lord
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
दधिषे॒ (dadhiṣe)
you hold, you place
गभ॑स्तौ (gábhastau)
in the arm
अनु (ánu)
along with, in
त्वा (tvā)
you
दे॒वाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
शव॑सा (śávasā)
with strength, with power
मदन्त्यु॒परि॑बुध्नान्व॒ (madanti)
they rejoice, they are delighted
परिबुध्नान्व॒ (upáribudhnān)
upwards rooted
निन॑श्चकर्थ (vanínaḥ)
trees
चकर्थ (cakartha)
you made, you caused
Stanza 10.73.9
च॒क्रं यद॑स्या॒प्स्वा निष॑त्तमु॒तो तद॑स्मै॒ मध्विच्च॑च्छद्यात् | पृ॒थि॒व्यामति॑षितं॒ यदूधः॒ पयो॒ गोष्वद॑धा॒ ओष॑धीषु ||
cakráṁ yád asyāpsv ā́ níṣattam utó tád asmai mádhv íc cachadyāt pr̥thivyā́m átiṣitaṁ yád ū́dhaḥ páyo góṣv ádadhā óṣadhīṣu
May the sweet essence, placed in the waters, reach him. You drew the milk from the udder connected to the earth and placed it in the cows and plants.
This verse is a prayer to Indra, asking for the 'cakram' (wheel or discus, possibly referring to Soma) located in the waters to bring sweetness. It then describes Indra's action of drawing forth nourishment ('payah') from the udder (metaphorical for milk source) which is fastened to the earth, and distributing it to cows and plants.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. चक्रं यदूधः अस्या आप्सु आ निष॑त्तमु॒तो cakrám yát asya apsú ā́ níṣattam (11 syllables)
- B. उतो तद॑स्मै तद॑स्मै अस्मै मध्वि॑च्च॑च्छद्यात् इच्च॑च्छद्यात् च्छद्यात् utá u tát asmai mádhu ít cachadyāt (11 syllables)
- C. पृ॒थि॒व्यामति॑षितं अति॑षितं यदूधः ऊधः pr̥thivyā́m átiṣitam yát ū́dhar (11 syllables)
- D. पयो॒ गोष्वद॑धा अद॑धा ओष॑धीषु páyaḥ góṣu ádadhāḥ óṣadhīṣu (11 syllables)
चक्रं (cakrám)
wheel, discus (possibly Soma)
यदूधः (yát)
which
अस्या (asya)
his
आप्सु (apsú)
in the waters
आ (ā́)
towards
निष॑त्तमु॒तो (níṣattam)
placed, seated
उतो (utá)
and
तद॑स्मै (u)
and
तद॑स्मै (tát)
that
अस्मै (asmai)
for him
मध्वि॑च्च॑च्छद्यात् (mádhu)
sweetness, honey
इच्च॑च्छद्यात् (ít)
indeed
च्छद्यात् (cachadyāt)
may it cover, may it bestow
पृ॒थि॒व्यामति॑षितं (pr̥thivyā́m)
on the earth
अति॑षितं (átiṣitam)
fastened, connected
यदूधः (yát)
which
ऊधः (ū́dhar)
udder
पयो॒ (páyaḥ)
milk, nourishment
गोष्वद॑धा (góṣu)
in the cows
अद॑धा (ádadhāḥ)
you placed, you put
ओष॑धीषु (óṣadhīṣu)
in the plants, in the herbs
Stanza 10.73.10
अश्वा॑दिया॒येति॒ यद्वद॒न्त्योज॑सो जा॒तमु॒त म॑न्य एनम् | म॒न्योरि॑याय ह॒र्म्येषु॑ तस्थौ॒ यतः॑ प्रज॒ज्ञ इन्द्रो॑ अस्य वेद ||
áśvād iyāyéti yád vádanty ójaso jātám utá manya enam manyór iyāya harmyéṣu tasthau yátaḥ prajajñá índro asya veda
When others say you are born from a horse, I think you are born of strength. You came from the spirit and stayed in homes; from where you were born, only Indra knows.
This verse discusses the origin and nature of Indra. Some call him the offspring of a 'courser' (horse), but the speaker believes he is born from 'ojas' (strength or power). The verse suggests he emerged from 'Manyu' (anger, spirit) and resided in dwellings, but his ultimate origin is known only to Indra himself.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अश्वा॑दिया॒येति इयाय इति यद्वद॒न्त्योज॑सो वद॒न्त्योज॑सो áśvāt iyāya íti yát vádanti (11 syllables)
- B. ओज॑सो जा॒तमु॒त उत मन्य॑ एनम् ójasaḥ jātám utá manye enam (11 syllables)
- C. म॒न्योरि॑याय इयाय ह॒र्म्येषु॑ तस्थौ॒ manyóḥ iyāya harmyéṣu tasthau (11 syllables)
- D. यतः॑ प्रज॒ज्ञ इन्द्रो॑ अस्य वेद yátas prajajñé índraḥ asya veda (11 syllables)
अश्वा॑दिया॒येति (áśvāt)
from a horse
इयाय (iyāya)
he went, he came
इति (íti)
thus, so
यद्वद॒न्त्योज॑सो (yát)
that
वद॒न्त्योज॑सो (vádanti)
they say
ओज॑सो (ójasaḥ)
from strength, from power
जा॒तमु॒त (jātám)
born
उत (utá)
and
मन्य॑ (manye)
I think, I believe
एनम् (enam)
him
म॒न्योरि॑याय (manyóḥ)
from Manyu (spirit, anger)
इयाय (iyāya)
he went, he came
ह॒र्म्येषु॑ (harmyéṣu)
in houses, in dwellings
तस्थौ॒ (tasthau)
he stood, he remained
यतः॑ (yátas)
from where
प्रज॒ज्ञ (prajajñé)
he was born, he originated
इन्द्रो॑ (índraḥ)
Indra
अस्य (asya)
his
वेद (veda)
knows
Stanza 10.73.11
वयः॑ सुप॒र्णा उप॑ सेदु॒रिन्द्रं॑ प्रि॒यमे॑धा॒ ऋष॑यो॒ नाध॑मानाः | अप॑ ध्वा॒न्तमू॑र्णु॒हि पू॒र्धि चक्षु॑र्मुमु॒ग्ध्य१॒॑स्मान्नि॒धये॑व ब॒द्धान् ||
váyaḥ suparṇā́ úpa sedur índram priyámedhā ŕ̥ṣayo nā́dhamānāḥ ápa dhvāntám ūrṇuhí pūrdhí cákṣur mumugdhy àsmā́n nidháyeva baddhā́n
Like birds, the Risis, praying, have sat near Indra. Remove the darkness, fill our sight, and free us, as if we are bound in snares.
The Risis (priests or sages), described as 'suparnas' (birds with beautiful wings), have approached Indra like devoted followers. They implore him to remove the darkness and fill their vision with light. They ask to be freed from their bondage, comparing themselves to those entangled in snares.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वयः॑ सु॒प॒र्णा उप सेदु॒रिन्द्रं॑ इन्द्रं váyaḥ suparṇā́ḥ úpa seduḥ índram (11 syllables)
- B. प्रि॒यमे॑धा ऋ॒षयो नाध॑मानाः priyámedhāḥ ŕ̥ṣayaḥ nā́dhamānāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अप ध्वा॒न्तमू॑र्णु॒हि ऊर्णुहि पू॒र्धि चक्षु॑ ápa dhvāntám ūrṇuhí pūrdhí cákṣuḥ (11 syllables)
- D. मुमु॒ग्ध्य१॒॑स्मान्नि अस्मान् निधये॑व इव ब॒द्धान् mumugdhí asmā́n nidháyā iva baddhā́n (11 syllables)
वयः॑ (váyaḥ)
birds
सु॒प॒र्णा (suparṇā́ḥ)
having beautiful wings
उप (úpa)
near, towards
सेदु॒रिन्द्रं॑ (seduḥ)
they sat, they approached
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
प्रि॒यमे॑धा (priyámedhāḥ)
Priyamedhas (a group of sages)
ऋ॒षयो (ŕ̥ṣayaḥ)
seers, sages
नाध॑मानाः (nā́dhamānāḥ)
praying, imploring
अप (ápa)
away
ध्वा॒न्तमू॑र्णु॒हि (dhvāntám)
darkness
ऊर्णुहि (ūrṇuhí)
cover, conceal
पू॒र्धि (pūrdhí)
fill
चक्षु॑ (cákṣuḥ)
vision, sight
मुमु॒ग्ध्य१॒॑स्मान्नि (mumugdhí)
release, set free
अस्मान् (asmā́n)
us
निधये॑व (nidháyā)
in snares, in traps
इव (iva)
as if, like
ब॒द्धान् (baddhā́n)
bound