Select Theme
Select Music
No music available.
Display Settings
Stanza 10.65.1
अ॒ग्निरिन्द्रो॒ वरु॑णो मि॒त्रो अ॑र्य॒मा वा॒युः पू॒षा सर॑स्वती स॒जोष॑सः | आ॒दि॒त्या विष्णु॑र्म॒रुतः॒ स्व॑र्बृ॒हत्सोमो॑ रु॒द्रो अदि॑ति॒र्ब्रह्म॑ण॒स्पतिः॑ ||
agnír índro váruṇo mitró aryamā́ vāyúḥ pūṣā́ sárasvatī sajóṣasaḥ ādityā́ víṣṇur marútaḥ svàr br̥hát sómo rudró áditir bráhmaṇas pátiḥ
May Agni, Indra, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, Vayu, Pushan, and Sarasvati, the Adityas, Vishnu, the Maruts, the vast Sky, Soma, Rudra, Aditi, and Brahmanaspati, all be pleased together with us.
This verse is a powerful invocation, calling upon a pantheon of major Vedic deities to be present and favorably inclined. It lists Agni, Indra, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, Vayu, Pushan, Sarasvati, the Adityas, Vishnu, the Maruts, Soma, Rudra, Aditi, and Brahmanaspati. The collective presence and goodwill of these gods are sought for the ritual or prayer.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अग्निः इन्द्रः वरुणः मित्रः अर्यमा agníḥ índraḥ váruṇaḥ mitráḥ aryamā́ (12 syllables)
- B. वायुः पूषा सरस्वती सजोषसः vāyúḥ pūṣā́ sárasvatī sajóṣasaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. आदित्याः विष्णुः मरुतः स्वर् बृहत् ādityā́ḥ víṣṇuḥ marútaḥ svàr br̥hát (12 syllables)
- D. सोमः रुद्रः अदिंतिः ब्रह्मणः पतिः sómaḥ rudráḥ áditiḥ bráhmaṇaḥ pátiḥ (12 syllables)
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Fire, the sacrificial priest
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
King of the gods, god of thunder and rain
वरुणः (váruṇaḥ)
God of the cosmic order, sky, and justice
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
God of contracts and friendship, associated with the sun
अर्यमा (aryamā́)
A solar deity, god of hospitality and marriage
वायुः (vāyúḥ)
God of the wind and breath
पूषा (pūṣā́)
The nourisher, a solar deity who protects the wandering
सरस्वती (sárasvatī)
Goddess of rivers, knowledge, and speech
सजोषसः (sajóṣasaḥ)
Of the same taste or enjoyment; in harmony
आदित्याः (ādityā́ḥ)
A group of solar deities, sons of Aditi
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
A major deity, the preserver and sustainer
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
A group of storm deities, companions of Indra
स्वर् (svàr)
Heaven, sky, shining
बृहत् (br̥hát)
Great, vast
सोमः (sómaḥ)
The deified plant and its intoxicating juice, and the moon
रुद्रः (rudráḥ)
A fierce deity, often identified with Shiva, associated with thunder and healing
अदिंतिः (áditiḥ)
Mother of the gods, goddess of the infinite
ब्रह्मणः (bráhmaṇaḥ)
Of prayer, sacred utterance, or the supreme principle
पतिः (pátiḥ)
Lord, master
Stanza 10.65.2
इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्नी वृ॑त्र॒हत्ये॑षु॒ सत्प॑ती मि॒थो हि॑न्वा॒ना त॒न्वा॒३॒॑ समो॑कसा | अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं॒ मह्या प॑प्रु॒रोज॑सा॒ सोमो॑ घृत॒श्रीर्म॑हि॒मान॑मी॒रय॑न् ||
indrāgnī́ vr̥trahátyeṣu sátpatī mithó hinvānā́ tanvāā̀ sámokasā antárikṣam máhy ā́ paprur ójasā sómo ghr̥taśrī́r mahimā́nam īráyan
Indra and Agni, the supreme lords in the slaying of Vritra, mutually invigorating each other with their bodies, acted as one. Soma, shining with sacred butter, increasing their greatness, with their power filled the great atmospheric expanse.
This verse celebrates the divine power of Indra and Agni, who are described as lordly heroes who defeated Vritra. It emphasizes their unity and mutual support in their actions. Soma, described as radiant and associated with sacrificial offerings ('ghrita-sri'), is also mentioned as contributing to their might. Together, they are depicted as having filled the vast atmospheric space with their immense power.
Meter: Jagati
- A. इन्द्राग्नी वृत्रहत्सु सत्पती indrāgnī́ vr̥trahátyeṣu sátpatī (12 syllables)
- B. मिथस् हिन्वाना तन्वा समोकसा mithás hinvānā́ tanvā̀ sámokasā (12 syllables)
- C. अंतरिक्षं महि आ प्रपुर् ओजसा antárikṣam máhi ā́ papruḥ ójasā (12 syllables)
- D. सोमः घृतश्रीः महिमानं ईरयन् sómaḥ ghr̥taśrī́ḥ mahimā́nam īráyan (12 syllables)
इन्द्राग्नी (indrāgnī́)
Indra and Agni (dual)
वृत्रहत्सु (vr̥trahátyeṣu)
In the killings of Vritra
सत्पती (sátpatī)
True lords, supreme rulers
मिथस् (mithás)
Mutually, with each other
हिन्वाना (hinvānā́)
Inspiring, impelling
तन्वा (tanvā̀)
With their bodies (dual)
समोकसा (sámokasā)
Dwelling together, of one abode (dual)
अंतरिक्षं (antárikṣam)
The sky, atmosphere
महि (máhi)
Greatness, might
आ (ā́)
Prefix indicating fullness or entirety
प्रपुर् (papruḥ)
Filled, pervaded
ओजसा (ójasā)
With strength, power
सोमः (sómaḥ)
The Soma deity or plant
घृतश्रीः (ghr̥taśrī́ḥ)
Radiant with ghee (clarified butter), lustrous
महिमानं (mahimā́nam)
Greatness, glory
ईरयन् (īráyan)
Setting in motion, urging forth
Stanza 10.65.3
तेषां॒ हि म॒ह्ना म॑ह॒ताम॑न॒र्वणां॒ स्तोमाँ॒ इय॑र्म्यृत॒ज्ञा ऋ॑ता॒वृधा॑म् | ये अ॑प्स॒वम॑र्ण॒वं चि॒त्ररा॑धस॒स्ते नो॑ रासन्तां म॒हये॑ सुमि॒त्र्याः ||
téṣāṁ hí mahnā́ mahatā́m anarváṇāṁ stómām̐ íyarmy r̥tajñā́ r̥tāvŕ̥dhām yé apsavám arṇaváṁ citrárādhasas té no rāsantām maháye sumitryā́ḥ
With their great majesty, these tireless and great ones, I send forth hymns for the Law-knowing, the Law-strengthening ones. They who possess wondrous wealth in the ocean streams, may they, as true friends, grant us greatness.
The speaker, skilled in ritual and understanding of divine law (Rta), expresses their intent to praise these great and powerful deities. They are described as 'anarvaṇa' (unimpeded, tireless) and 'r̥tāvṛdha' (strengtheners of cosmic order). The verse asks these deities, who possess wondrous wealth and are associated with waters and oceans ('apsavam arnavam'), to bestow their favor and friendship upon the supplicant.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तेषां हि मauthState महताम् अनर्वणां téṣām hí mahnā́ mahatā́m anarváṇām (12 syllables)
- B. स्तोमान् ईयार्मि ऋतज्ञाः ऋतावृधाम् stómān íyarmi r̥tajñā́ḥ r̥tāvŕ̥dhām (12 syllables)
- C. ये अप्सवम् अर्णवम् चित्रराधसः yé apsavám arṇavám citrárādhasaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. ते नः रासन्ताम् महये सुमित्र्याः té naḥ rāsantām maháye sumitryā́ḥ (12 syllables)
तेषां (téṣām)
Of them
हि (hí)
Indeed, certainly
मauthState (mahnā́)
By greatness, by majesty
महताम् (mahatā́m)
Of the great ones
अनर्वणां (anarváṇām)
Of the unimpeded, tireless ones
स्तोमान् (stómān)
Praises, hymns
ईयार्मि (íyarmi)
I send forth, I direct
ऋतज्ञाः (r̥tajñā́ḥ)
Knower of the cosmic order (Rta)
ऋतावृधाम् (r̥tāvŕ̥dhām)
Strengtheners of the cosmic order (Rta)
ये (yé)
Who
अप्सवम् (apsavám)
Belonging to the waters
अर्णवम् (arṇavám)
Ocean, stream, flood
चित्रराधसः (citrárādhasaḥ)
Possessing wondrous riches
ते (té)
They
नः (naḥ)
To us
रासन्ताम् (rāsantām)
May they give, may they bestow
महये (maháye)
For greatness, to make great
सुमित्र्याः (sumitryā́ḥ)
Of true friendship, benevolent
Stanza 10.65.4
स्व॑र्णरम॒न्तरि॑क्षाणि रोच॒ना द्यावा॒भूमी॑ पृथि॒वीं स्क॑म्भु॒रोज॑सा | पृ॒क्षा इ॑व म॒हय॑न्तः सुरा॒तयो॑ दे॒वाः स्त॑वन्ते॒ मनु॑षाय सू॒रयः॑ ||
svàrṇaram antárikṣāṇi rocanā́ dyā́vābhū́mī pr̥thivī́ṁ skambhur ójasā pr̥kṣā́ iva maháyantaḥ surātáyo devā́ stavante mánuṣāya sūráyaḥ
With their power, they have sustained the shining heavens, the atmosphere, and the earth. Like horses that delight their masters, these bounteous gods are praised, bringing great benefit to humankind.
This verse describes the immense power of the gods, attributing to them the act of upholding the celestial and terrestrial realms. They are said to have stabilized the shining heavens, the firmament, and the earth through their strength. These gods, likened to swift steeds that please their masters, are praised as benevolent and bounteous patrons who provide support and prosperity to humanity.
Meter: Jagati
- A. स्वर्णरम अंतरिक्षणि रोचना svàrṇaram antárikṣāṇi rocanā́ (12 syllables)
- B. द्यावाभूमी पृथिवीम् स्कम्भुः ओजसा dyā́vābhū́mī pr̥thivī́m skambhuḥ ójasā (12 syllables)
- C. पृक्षाः इव महयन्तः सुरातयः pr̥kṣā́ḥ iva maháyantaḥ surātáyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. देवाः स्तवंते मनुषाय सूरयः devā́ḥ stavante mánuṣāya sūráyaḥ (12 syllables)
स्वर्णरम (svàrṇaram)
The shining sun or heaven
अंतरिक्षणि (antárikṣāṇi)
Atmospheres, firmaments
रोचना (rocanā́)
Lustrous regions, heavens
द्यावाभूमी (dyā́vābhū́mī)
Sky and Earth (dual)
पृथिवीम् (pr̥thivī́m)
The Earth
स्कम्भुः (skambhuḥ)
They upheld, they supported
ओजसा (ójasā)
With power, with might
पृक्षाः (pr̥kṣā́ḥ)
Nourishing, strengthening
इव (iva)
Like, as
महयन्तः (maháyantaḥ)
Making great, strengthening
सुरातयः (surātáyaḥ)
Bountiful, bestowing good gifts
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
Gods
स्तवंते (stavante)
Are praised, are worshipped
मनुषाय (mánuṣāya)
For mankind, for Manu
सूरयः (sūráyaḥ)
Generous ones, bestowers
Stanza 10.65.5
मि॒त्राय॑ शिक्ष॒ वरु॑णाय दा॒शुषे॒ या स॒म्राजा॒ मन॑सा॒ न प्र॒युच्छ॑तः | ययो॒र्धाम॒ धर्म॑णा॒ रोच॑ते बृ॒हद्ययो॑रु॒भे रोद॑सी॒ नाध॑सी॒ वृतौ॑ ||
mitrā́ya śikṣa váruṇāya dāśúṣe yā́ samrā́jā mánasā ná prayúchataḥ yáyor dhā́ma dhármaṇā rócate br̥hád yáyor ubhé ródasī nā́dhasī vŕ̥tau
O worshipper, offer to Mitra and Varuna, the supreme rulers who, in their minds, never fail. By whose divine order the great light shines, and whose realms are the two worlds (heaven and earth), who are well-governed.
This verse addresses Mitra and Varuna, highlighting their unwavering nature and their role as supreme rulers who never fail their devotees. The hymn emphasizes their luminous presence, sustained by cosmic order (Dharma), and their dominion over the heavens and earth. The speaker asks for their blessings and guidance.
Meter: Jagati
- A. मित्राय शिक्ष वरुणाय दाशुषे mitrā́ya śikṣa váruṇāya dāśúṣe (12 syllables)
- B. या सम्राजा मनसा न प्रयुच्छतः yā́ samrā́jā mánasā ná prayúchataḥ (12 syllables)
- C. ययोः धाम धर्मणा रोचते बृहत् yáyoḥ dhā́ma dhármaṇā rócate br̥hát (12 syllables)
- D. ययोः उभे रोदसी नाधसी वृती yáyoḥ ubhé ródasī nā́dhasī vŕ̥tau (12 syllables)
मित्राय (mitrā́ya)
To Mitra
शिक्ष (śikṣa)
Attend, strive, offer
वरुणाय (váruṇāya)
To Varuna
दाशुषे (dāśúṣe)
To the worshipper, the giver
या (yā́)
Who (dual)
सम्राजा (samrā́jā)
Supreme rulers (dual)
मनसा (mánasā)
With the mind, by intention
न (ná)
Not
प्रयुच्छतः (prayúchataḥ)
They fail, they err
ययोः (yáyoḥ)
Whose (dual)
धाम (dhā́ma)
Abode, dwelling place, seat
धर्मणा (dhármaṇā)
By law, by order, by ordinance
रोचते (rócate)
Shines, illuminates
बृहत् (br̥hát)
Great, vast
ययोः (yáyoḥ)
Whose (dual)
उभे (ubhé)
Both
रोदसी (ródasī)
Sky and Earth (dual)
नाधसी (nā́dhasī)
Supporting places, homes
वृती (vŕ̥tau)
Covered, protected; possibly referring to the two worlds
Stanza 10.65.6
या गौर्व॑र्त॒निं प॒र्येति॑ निष्कृ॒तं पयो॒ दुहा॑ना व्रत॒नीर॑वा॒रतः॑ | सा प्र॑ब्रुवा॒णा वरु॑णाय दा॒शुषे॑ दे॒वेभ्यो॑ दाशद्ध॒विषा॑ वि॒वस्व॑ते ||
yā́ gaúr vartaním paryéti niṣkr̥tám páyo dúhānā vratanī́r avārátaḥ sā́ prabruvāṇā́ váruṇāya dāśúṣe devébhyo dāśad dhavíṣā vivásvate
The cow who moves along the path, giving forth her milk without cease, the leader of the rites; she, speaking to Varuna and the giver, may serve the gods with sacrifice, to Vivasvan.
This verse uses the metaphor of a cow to represent a beneficial force, possibly a deity or a principle. This 'cow' moves along its path, giving milk (nourishment, blessings) without obstruction. It is described as a leader of rites ('vratani-avaratah'). The verse asks this entity to announce its presence to Varuna and the worshipper, and to serve the gods, particularly Vivasvan, with offerings.
Meter: Jagati
- A. या गौः वर्तिनिं पर्यैति निष्कृतं yā́ gaúḥ vartaním paryéti niṣkr̥tám (12 syllables)
- B. पयः दुहाना व्रतनीः अवारतः páyaḥ dúhānā vratanī́ḥ avārátas (12 syllables)
- C. सा प्रब्रुवाना वरुणाय दाशुषे sā́ prabruvāṇā́ váruṇāya dāśúṣe (12 syllables)
- D. देवेभ्यः दाशत् हविषा विवस्वते devébhyaḥ dāśat havíṣā vivásvate (12 syllables)
या (yā́)
She who
गौः (gaúḥ)
Cow
वर्तिनिं (vartaním)
Path, way
पर्यैति (paryéti)
Goes around, pervades
निष्कृतं (niṣkr̥tám)
Established, appointed
पयः (páyaḥ)
Milk, fluid
दुहाना (dúhānā)
Milking, yielding
व्रतनीः (vratanī́ḥ)
Leader of rites, guiding principle
अवारतः (avārátas)
Without obstruction, continuously
सा (sā́)
She
प्रब्रुवाना (prabruvāṇā́)
Speaking forth, announcing
वरुणाय (váruṇāya)
To Varuna
दाशुषे (dāśúṣe)
To the worshipper, the giver
देवेभ्यः (devébhyaḥ)
To the gods
दाशत् (dāśat)
May she serve, may she offer
हविषा (havíṣā)
With oblation, with sacrifice
विवस्वते (vivásvate)
To Vivasvan (a solar deity)
Stanza 10.65.7
दि॒वक्ष॑सो अग्निजि॒ह्वा ऋ॑ता॒वृध॑ ऋ॒तस्य॒ योनिं॑ विमृ॒शन्त॑ आसते | द्यां स्क॑भि॒त्व्य१॒॑प आ च॑क्रु॒रोज॑सा य॒ज्ञं ज॑नि॒त्वी त॒न्वी॒३॒॑ नि मा॑मृजुः ||
divákṣaso agnijihvā́ r̥tāvŕ̥dha r̥tásya yóniṁ vimr̥śánta āsate dyā́ṁ skabhitvy àpá ā́ cakrur ójasā yajñáṁ janitvī́ tanvīā̀ ní māmr̥juḥ
Possessing heavenly vision and Agni as their tongue, the law-strengthening gods, reflecting on the seat of the Law, are seated. They, by their power, propped up the sky and the waters; having created sacrifice, they purified it.
This verse describes the gods who reside in the heavens, have Agni as their tongue, and are supporters of the cosmic order (Rta). They are depicted as contemplating and reflecting within the seat of Rta. The verse states that these deities, with their might, established the sky and brought forth the waters. They created and perfected the sacrifice.
Meter: Jagati
- A. दिवक्षसः अग्निजिह्वाः ऋतावृध divákṣasaḥ agnijihvā́ḥ r̥tāvŕ̥dhaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. ऋतस्य योनिं विमृशन्तः आसते r̥tásya yónim vimr̥śántaḥ āsate (12 syllables)
- C. द्यां स्कंभीत्वी अपः आ चक्रुः ओजसा dyā́m skabhitvī́ apáḥ ā́ cakruḥ ójasā (12 syllables)
- D. यज्ञं जनित्वी नि मामृजुः yajñám janitvī́ tanvì + ní māmr̥juḥ (12 syllables)
दिवक्षसः (divákṣasaḥ)
Having heavenly vision or aspiration
अग्निजिह्वाः (agnijihvā́ḥ)
Having Agni as their tongue
ऋतावृध (r̥tāvŕ̥dhaḥ)
Strengtheners of the cosmic order (Rta)
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
Of the cosmic order (Rta)
योनिं (yónim)
Seat, origin, place
विमृशन्तः (vimr̥śántaḥ)
Reflecting, contemplating
आसते (āsate)
They sit, they dwell
द्यां (dyā́m)
The sky, heaven
स्कंभीत्वी (skabhitvī́)
Having propped up, having supported
अपः (apáḥ)
Waters
आ (ā́)
Prefix indicating movement towards or inclusion
चक्रुः (cakruḥ)
They made, they did
ओजसा (ójasā)
With power, with might
यज्ञं (yajñám)
Sacrifice, offering
जनित्वी (janitvī́)
Having given birth, having produced
(tanvì +)
नि (ní)
Down, completely
मामृजुः (māmr̥juḥ)
They purified, they cleansed
Stanza 10.65.8
प॒रि॒क्षिता॑ पि॒तरा॑ पूर्व॒जाव॑री ऋ॒तस्य॒ योना॑ क्षयतः॒ समो॑कसा | द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी वरु॑णाय॒ सव्र॑ते घृ॒तव॒त्पयो॑ महि॒षाय॑ पिन्वतः ||
parikṣítā pitárā pūrvajā́varī r̥tásya yónā kṣayataḥ sámokasā dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ váruṇāya sávrate ghr̥távat páyo mahiṣā́ya pinvataḥ
The Parents, the all-encompassing, anciently born, dwell together in the seat of the Law. Dyaus and Prithivi, of the same vow, with their ghee-like essence, pour forth nourishment for Varuna, the great one.
This verse describes Dyaus (Sky) and Prithivi (Earth) as the primordial parents, born long ago and dwelling together in the seat of cosmic order (Rta). They are characterized as being of the same accord ('samokasā') and bound by a common vow ('savrate'). The verse states that they nourish the sky and earth with potent, ghee-like substance ('ghrtavat payaḥ'), directing it towards Varuna, who is metaphorically referred to as a 'bull'.
Meter: Jagati
- A. परिक्षिता पितरा पूर्वजावरी parikṣítā pitárā pūrvajā́varī (12 syllables)
- B. ऋतस्य योना क्षयतः समोकसा r̥tásya yónā kṣayataḥ sámokasā (12 syllables)
- C. द्यावापृथिवी वरुणाय सव्रते dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ váruṇāya sávrate (12 syllables)
- D. घृतवत् पयः महिषाय पिनवतः ghr̥távat páyaḥ mahiṣā́ya pinvataḥ (12 syllables)
परिक्षिता (parikṣítā)
All-encompassing, surrounding
पितरा (pitárā)
Parents (dual)
पूर्वजावरी (pūrvajā́varī)
Born in the beginning, ancient
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
Of the cosmic order (Rta)
योना (yónā)
In the dwelling place, in the seat
क्षयतः (kṣayataḥ)
They dwell, they reside
समोकसा (sámokasā)
Dwelling together, of one abode (dual)
द्यावापृथिवी (dyā́vāpr̥thivī́)
Sky and Earth (dual)
वरुणाय (váruṇāya)
To Varuna
सव्रते (sávrate)
Of the same vow, bound by the same vow (dual)
घृतवत् (ghr̥távat)
Ghee-like, full of essence
पयः (páyaḥ)
Moisture, essence, nourishment
महिषाय (mahiṣā́ya)
To the great one, the bull (referring to Varuna)
पिनवतः (pinvataḥ)
They flow, they nourish
Stanza 10.65.9
प॒र्जन्या॒वाता॑ वृष॒भा पु॑री॒षिणे॑न्द्रवा॒यू वरु॑णो मि॒त्रो अ॑र्य॒मा | दे॒वाँ आ॑दि॒त्याँ अदि॑तिं हवामहे॒ ये पार्थि॑वासो दि॒व्यासो॑ अ॒प्सु ये ||
parjányāvā́tā vr̥ṣabhā́ purīṣíṇendravāyū́ váruṇo mitró aryamā́ devā́m̐ ādityā́m̐ áditiṁ havāmahe yé pā́rthivāso divyā́so apsú yé
Parjanya and Vayu, the mighty ones who send rain; Indra and Vayu, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman. We invoke the gods, the Adityas, Aditi, those who are on earth, in the sky, and in the waters.
This verse is a call to several prominent deities. It invokes Parjanya (rain god) and Vayu (wind god), described as powerful and rain-giving. It also invokes the dual deities Indra and Vayu, along with Mitra and Aryaman. The speaker calls upon Aditi, the Adityas, and all the gods, specifying those who exist in the earthly, atmospheric, and aquatic realms.
Meter: Jagati
- A. पर्जन्यावाता वृषभा पुरीषिणा parjányāvā́tā vr̥ṣabhā́ purīṣíṇā (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रवायू वरुणः मित्रः अर्यमा indravāyū́ váruṇaḥ mitráḥ aryamā́ (12 syllables)
- C. देवान् आदित्यान् अदितिम् हवामहे devā́n ādityā́n áditim havāmahe (12 syllables)
- D. ये पार्थिवाः दिव्यासः अप् ये yé pā́rthivāsaḥ divyā́saḥ apsú yé (12 syllables)
पर्जन्यावाता (parjányāvā́tā)
Parjanya and Vayu (dual)
वृषभा (vr̥ṣabhā́)
Mighty, strong, rain-bestowing (dual)
पुरीषिणा (purīṣíṇā)
Full of rain, abundant (dual)
इन्द्रवायू (indravāyū́)
Indra and Vayu (dual)
वरुणः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra
अर्यमा (aryamā́)
Aryaman
देवान् (devā́n)
The gods
आदित्यान् (ādityā́n)
The Adityas
अदितिम् (áditim)
Aditi
हवामहे (havāmahe)
We invoke, we call
ये (yé)
Who
पार्थिवाः (pā́rthivāsaḥ)
Earthly, terrestrial
दिव्यासः (divyā́saḥ)
Celestial, heavenly
अप् (apsú)
In the waters
ये (yé)
Who
Stanza 10.65.10
त्वष्टा॑रं वा॒युमृ॑भवो॒ य ओह॑ते॒ दैव्या॒ होता॑रा उ॒षसं॑ स्व॒स्तये॑ | बृह॒स्पतिं॑ वृत्रखा॒दं सु॑मे॒धस॑मिन्द्रि॒यं सोमं॑ धन॒सा उ॑ ईमहे ||
tváṣṭāraṁ vāyúm r̥bhavo yá óhate daívyā hótārā uṣásaṁ svastáye bŕ̥haspátiṁ vr̥trakhādáṁ sumedhásam indriyáṁ sómaṁ dhanasā́ u īmahe
We seek Tvashṭar, Vayu, and the Rhibus who give; the two divine hotars, and Dawn for well-being. We seek Brahmanaspati, the destroyer of foes, the intelligent one, and Indra's strength-giving Soma.
This verse invokes a series of important deities and divine beings. It calls upon Tvashṭar (the divine craftsman), Vayu (the wind god), and the Rhibus (divine artisans). It also invokes the celestial 'hotar' priests, Ushas (dawn) for well-being, Brahmanaspati (lord of prayer) as a destroyer of enemies, and Soma, who brings strength and is a friend of Indra. The speaker expresses a desire to obtain these divine boons.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वष्टारं वायुं ऋभवः ये ओहते tváṣṭāram vāyúm r̥bhavaḥ yé óhate (12 syllables)
- B. दैव्या होतारौ उषसं स्वस्तये daívyā hótārau uṣásam svastáye (12 syllables)
- C. बृहस्पतिं वृत्रखादं सुमेधसं bŕ̥haspátim vr̥trakhādám sumedhásam (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रियं सोमं धनसाः उ ईमहे indriyám sómam dhanasā́ḥ u īmahe (12 syllables)
त्वष्टारं (tváṣṭāram)
Tvashṭar, the divine craftsman
वायुं (vāyúm)
Vayu, the wind god
ऋभवः (r̥bhavaḥ)
Rhibus, divine artisans (vocative plural)
ये (yé)
Who
ओहते (óhate)
Give, bestow (subjunctive)
दैव्या (daívyā)
Divine (dual)
होतारौ (hótārau)
Hotars, sacrificial priests (dual)
उषसं (uṣásam)
Dawn
स्वस्तये (svastáye)
For well-being, for welfare
बृहस्पतिं (bŕ̥haspátim)
Brahmanaspati, lord of prayer
वृत्रखादं (vr̥trakhādám)
Destroyer of Vritra (foes)
सुमेधसं (sumedhásam)
Intelligent, wise
इन्द्रियं (indriyám)
Strength-giving, related to Indra's power
सोमं (sómam)
Soma
धनसाः (dhanasā́ḥ)
Bestowers of wealth
उ (u)
And, also
ईमहे (īmahe)
We seek, we desire
Stanza 10.65.11
ब्रह्म॒ गामश्वं॑ ज॒नय॑न्त॒ ओष॑धी॒र्वन॒स्पती॑न्पृथि॒वीं पर्व॑ताँ अ॒पः | सूर्यं॑ दि॒वि रो॒हय॑न्तः सु॒दान॑व॒ आर्या॑ व्र॒ता वि॑सृ॒जन्तो॒ अधि॒ क्षमि॑ ||
bráhma gā́m áśvaṁ janáyanta óṣadhīr vánaspátīn pr̥thivī́m párvatām̐ apáḥ sū́ryaṁ diví roháyantaḥ sudā́nava ā́ryā vratā́ visr̥jánto ádhi kṣámi
Generating prayer, the cow, the horse, the plants, the trees, the earth, the mountains, and the waters. Causing the sun to rise in the sky, these generous ones, establishing the Aryan laws, spread them over the earth.
This verse describes the creative and ordering activities of the gods. They are depicted as generating fundamental elements of existence: prayer (brahman), cattle, horses, plants, trees, the earth, mountains, and waters. They are also credited with raising the sun into the sky. As generous beings ('sudānavaḥ'), they are said to establish righteous laws ('āryā vratā') across the land.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ब्रह्म गां अश्वं जनयन्तः ओषधीः bráhma gā́m áśvam janáyantaḥ óṣadhīḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वनस्पतीन् पृथिवीं पर्वतान् अपः vánaspátīn pr̥thivī́m párvatān apáḥ (12 syllables)
- C. सूर्य दिवि रोहयन्तः सुदानवः sū́ryam diví roháyantaḥ sudā́navaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. आर्या व्रता विसृजन्तः अधि क्षमि ā́ryā vratā́ visr̥jántaḥ ádhi kṣámi (12 syllables)
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
Prayer, sacred knowledge
गां (gā́m)
Cow
अश्वं (áśvam)
Horse
जनयन्तः (janáyantaḥ)
Generating, creating
ओषधीः (óṣadhīḥ)
Herbs, plants
वनस्पतीन् (vánaspátīn)
Forest trees, lords of the forest
पृथिवीं (pr̥thivī́m)
The Earth
पर्वतान् (párvatān)
Mountains
अपः (apáḥ)
Waters
सूर्य (sū́ryam)
The Sun
दिवि (diví)
In the sky
रोहयन्तः (roháyantaḥ)
Causing to rise, making ascend
सुदानवः (sudā́navaḥ)
Generous, bestowing gifts
आर्या (ā́ryā)
Aryan, noble
व्रता (vratā́)
Vows, ordinances, laws
विसृजन्तः (visr̥jántaḥ)
Sending forth, establishing, spreading
अधि (ádhi)
Over, upon
क्षमि (kṣámi)
On the earth, on the land
Stanza 10.65.12
भु॒ज्युमंह॑सः पिपृथो॒ निर॑श्विना॒ श्यावं॑ पु॒त्रं व॑ध्रिम॒त्या अ॑जिन्वतम् | क॒म॒द्युवं॑ विम॒दायो॑हथुर्यु॒वं वि॑ष्णा॒प्वं१॒॑ विश्व॑का॒याव॑ सृजथः ||
bhujyúm áṁhasaḥ pipr̥tho nír aśvinā śyā́vam putráṁ vadhrimatyā́ ajinvatam kamadyúvaṁ vimadā́yohathur yuváṁ viṣṇāpvàṁ víśvakāyā́va sr̥jathaḥ
O Ashvins, you delivered Bhujyu from distress, you invigorated Syava, son of Vadhrimatī. You brought Kamadyu to Vimada, and restored Vishnapvi to Vishvaka.
This verse addresses the Ashvins, twin divine physicians and helpers. They are praised for rescuing Bhujyu from distress and for energizing Syava, son of Vadhrimatī. The verse also mentions their role in bringing the wife Kamadyu to Vimada and restoring Vishnapvi to Vishvaka. The Ashvins are depicted as powerful and benevolent agents who restore what is lost or in peril.
Meter: Jagati
- A. भुज्यं अंहसः पिृथः निस् अश्विना bhujyúm áṃhasaḥ pipr̥thaḥ nís aśvinā (12 syllables)
- B. श्यावं पुत्रं वध्रिमत्याः अजिन्वताम् śyā́vam putrám vadhrimatyā́ḥ ajinvatam (12 syllables)
- C. कमद्युवं विमदाय ऊहथुः युवं kamadyúvam vimadā́ya ūhathuḥ yuvám (12 syllables)
- D. विष्णाप्वं विश्वकाया अव सृजथः viṣṇāpvàm víśvakāya áva sr̥jathaḥ (12 syllables)
भुज्यं (bhujyúm)
Bhujyu (a person)
अंहसः (áṃhasaḥ)
From distress, from affliction
पिृथः (pipr̥thaḥ)
You protect, you deliver (dual)
निस् (nís)
Out of, away from
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins (dual vocative)
श्यावं (śyā́vam)
Syava (a person)
पुत्रं (putrám)
Son
वध्रिमत्याः (vadhrimatyā́ḥ)
Of Vadhrimati (mother of Syava)
अजिन्वताम् (ajinvatam)
You gave life to, you invigorated (dual)
कमद्युवं (kamadyúvam)
Kamadyu (a wife)
विमदाय (vimadā́ya)
To Vimada
ऊहथुः (ūhathuḥ)
You brought, you conveyed (dual)
युवं (yuvám)
You (dual)
विष्णाप्वं (viṣṇāpvàm)
Vishnapvi (a wife)
विश्वकाया (víśvakāya)
To Vishvaka
अव (áva)
Down, away
सृजथः (sr̥jathaḥ)
You release, you give (dual)
Stanza 10.65.13
पावी॑रवी तन्य॒तुरेक॑पाद॒जो दि॒वो ध॒र्ता सिन्धु॒रापः॑ समु॒द्रियः॑ | विश्वे॑ दे॒वासः॑ शृणव॒न्वचां॑सि मे॒ सर॑स्वती स॒ह धी॒भिः पुरं॑ध्या ||
pā́vīravī tanyatúr ékapād ajó divó dhartā́ síndhur ā́paḥ samudríyaḥ víśve devā́saḥ śr̥ṇavan vácāṁsi me sárasvatī sahá dhībhíḥ púraṁdhyā
Thunder, the son of lightning, the one-footed one, bearer of the sky, the river Indus, the oceanic waters – may all the gods hear my words, Sarasvati with the thoughts, and Purandhi.
This verse invokes several potent natural and cosmic forces personified as deities. It addresses Pavīravī (thunder/lightning), Tanyatu (thunder), Ekapad (a one-footed deity, possibly related to the sun or storms), the Sindhu (river Indus, representing rivers/waters), and the oceanic waters themselves. The speaker calls upon all these entities, along with all the gods, Sarasvati, and Purandhi (goddess of cities/plenty), to hear their words.
Meter: Jagati
- A. पावीरवी तन्यतुः अजः pā́vīravī tanyatúḥ ékapāt ajáḥ (12 syllables)
- B. दिवः धर्ता सिन्धुः आपः समुद्रीयः diváḥ dhartā́ síndhuḥ ā́paḥ samudríyaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. विश्वे देवाः शृणवन् वचांसि मे víśve devā́saḥ śr̥ṇavan vácāṃsi me (12 syllables)
- D. सरस्वती सह धीभिः पुरंध्या sárasvatī sahá dhībhíḥ púraṃdhyā (12 syllables)
पावीरवी (pā́vīravī)
Thunder, lightning
तन्यतुः (tanyatúḥ)
Thunder
(ékapāt)
अजः (ajáḥ)
Unborn, goat-like (related to sun or goat deity)
दिवः (diváḥ)
Of the sky
धर्ता (dhartā́)
Supporter, bearer
सिन्धुः (síndhuḥ)
River Indus, river in general
आपः (ā́paḥ)
Waters
समुद्रीयः (samudríyaḥ)
Oceanic, belonging to the sea
विश्वे (víśve)
All
देवाः (devā́saḥ)
Gods
शृणवन् (śr̥ṇavan)
May they hear (subjunctive)
वचांसि (vácāṃsi)
Words, sayings
मे (me)
My
सरस्वती (sárasvatī)
Sarasvati (goddess of wisdom and rivers)
सह (sahá)
With, together
धीभिः (dhībhíḥ)
With thoughts, with wisdom
पुरंध्या (púraṃdhyā)
Purandhi (goddess of abundance, cities)
Stanza 10.65.14
विश्वे॑ दे॒वाः स॒ह धी॒भिः पुरं॑ध्या॒ मनो॒र्यज॑त्रा अ॒मृता॑ ऋत॒ज्ञाः | रा॒ति॒षाचो॑ अभि॒षाचः॑ स्व॒र्विदः॒ स्व१॒॑र्गिरो॒ ब्रह्म॑ सू॒क्तं जु॑षेरत ||
víśve devā́ḥ sahá dhībhíḥ púraṁdhyā mánor yájatrā amŕ̥tā r̥tajñā́ḥ rātiṣā́co abhiṣā́caḥ svarvídaḥ svàr gíro bráhma sūktáṁ juṣerata
May all the gods, with Purandhi and wisdom, who are immortal, knowers of the Law, belonging to Manu, bestowers and supporters of gifts, finders of light, accept my songs, my prayers, and my hymns.
This verse continues the invocation, addressing all the gods who are associated with Purandhi and wisdom. They are described as immortal, knowing the cosmic order (Rta), and belonging to Manu's lineage. The speaker recognizes them as bestowers of gifts ('rati-sach'), supporters ('abhi-sach'), and finders of light ('svirvid'). The verse expresses a desire for these gods to accept the hymns, prayers, and sacred words offered to them.
Meter: Jagati
- A. विश्वे देवाः सह धीभिः पुरंध्या víśve devā́ḥ sahá dhībhíḥ púraṃdhyā (12 syllables)
- B. मनोः यजत्राः अमृताः ऋतज्ञाः mánoḥ yájatrāḥ amŕ̥tāḥ r̥tajñā́ḥ (12 syllables)
- C. रातिषाचः अभिषाचः स्वर्विदः rātiṣā́caḥ abhiṣā́caḥ svarvídaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. स्वर् गिः ब्रह्म सूक्तं जुषेरत svàr gíraḥ bráhma sūktám juṣerata (12 syllables)
विश्वे (víśve)
All
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
Gods
सह (sahá)
With, together
धीभिः (dhībhíḥ)
With thoughts, with wisdom
पुरंध्या (púraṃdhyā)
Purandhi (goddess of abundance)
मनोः (mánoḥ)
Of Manu (the progenitor of mankind)
यजत्राः (yájatrāḥ)
Worthy of worship, objects of sacrifice
अमृताः (amŕ̥tāḥ)
Immortal
ऋतज्ञाः (r̥tajñā́ḥ)
Knowers of the cosmic order (Rta)
रातिषाचः (rātiṣā́caḥ)
Bestowers of gifts
अभिषाचः (abhiṣā́caḥ)
Supporters, helpers
स्वर्विदः (svarvídaḥ)
Finders of light, achievers of heaven
स्वर् (svàr)
Heaven, light
गिः (gíraḥ)
Songs, hymns
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
Prayer, sacred utterance
सूक्तं (sūktám)
Well-said hymn, sacred verse
जुषेरत (juṣerata)
May they accept, may they be pleased with (optative)
Stanza 10.65.15
दे॒वान्वसि॑ष्ठो अ॒मृता॑न्ववन्दे॒ ये विश्वा॒ भुव॑ना॒भि प्र॑त॒स्थुः | ते नो॑ रासन्तामुरुगा॒यम॒द्य यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ||
devā́n vásiṣṭho amŕ̥tān vavande yé víśvā bhúvanābhí pratasthúḥ té no rāsantām urugāyám adyá yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ
Vasishtha has lauded the immortal gods, who have established themselves above all worlds. May they grant us ample space and freedom today. You Gods, protect us always with blessings.
The sage Vasishtha concludes the hymn by offering his praise to the immortal gods who have established themselves above all existence. He expresses his gratitude and seeks their continued favor. The verse petitions these gods to grant abundant space and freedom today, and implores them to protect the speaker and all beings with blessings, both now and always.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. देवान् वसिष्ठः अमृतान् ववन्दे devā́n vásiṣṭhaḥ amŕ̥tān vavande (11 syllables)
- B. ये विश्वा भुवना अभि प्रतस्थुः yé víśvā bhúvanā abhí pratasthúḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ते नः रासन्ताम् उरुगायं अद्य té naḥ rāsantām urugāyám adyá (11 syllables)
- D. यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ (11 syllables)
देवान् (devā́n)
Gods
वसिष्ठः (vásiṣṭhaḥ)
Vasishtha (the sage)
अमृतान् (amŕ̥tān)
Immortal
ववन्दे (vavande)
I praised, I lauded
ये (yé)
Who
विश्वा (víśvā)
All
भुवना (bhúvanā)
Worlds, existences
अभि (abhí)
Above, over
प्रतस्थुः (pratasthúḥ)
Have established themselves, have risen
ते (té)
They
नः (naḥ)
Us
रासन्ताम् (rāsantām)
May they grant, may they bestow
उरुगायं (urugāyám)
Wide-ranging, spacious
अद्य (adyá)
Today, now
यूयं (yūyám)
You (plural)
पात (pāta)
Protect, guard
स्वस्तिभिः (svastíbhiḥ)
With blessings, with welfare
सदा (sádā)
Always, ever
नः (naḥ)
Us