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Stanza 10.5.1
एकः॑ समु॒द्रो ध॒रुणो॑ रयी॒णाम॒स्मद्धृ॒दो भूरि॑जन्मा॒ वि च॑ष्टे | सिष॒क्त्यूध॑र्नि॒ण्योरु॒पस्थ॒ उत्स॑स्य॒ मध्ये॒ निहि॑तं प॒दं वेः ||
ékaḥ samudró dharúṇo rayīṇā́m asmád dhr̥dó bhū́rijanmā ví caṣṭe síṣakty ū́dhar niṇyór upástha útsasya mádhye níhitam padáṁ véḥ
He alone is the sea, the sustainer of riches, who, being born many times, perceives our hearts. He hides in the embrace of the secret pair, his place set within the fountain of the bird.
This verse speaks of a single, powerful 'sea' that is the source of all wealth. This entity, which is born many times, perceives our innermost thoughts and feelings. It resides secretly within a pair, hidden in a fountain from which a 'bird' drinks.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एकः समुद्रो धरुणो रयीणाम ékaḥ samudráḥ dharúṇaḥ rayīṇā́m (11 syllables)
- B. अस्मद्धृदो अस्मद्धृदो भूरिजन्मा वि चष्टे asmát hr̥dáḥ bhū́rijanmā ví caṣṭe (11 syllables)
- C. सिषक्ति ऊधर्नि ण्योरु उपस्थ síṣakti ū́dhar niṇyóḥ upásthe (11 syllables)
- D. उत्सस्य मध्ये निहितं पदं वेः útsasya mádhye níhitam padám véḥ (11 syllables)
एकः (ékaḥ)
one
समुद्रो (samudráḥ)
sea, ocean
धरुणो (dharúṇaḥ)
supporter, sustainer
रयीणाम (rayīṇā́m)
of treasures, of wealth
अस्मद्धृदो (asmát)
from us
अस्मद्धृदो (hr̥dáḥ)
from the heart
भूरिजन्मा (bhū́rijanmā)
many-born, born many times
वि (ví)
apart, asunder
चष्टे (caṣṭe)
sees, beholds
सिषक्ति (síṣakti)
he clings, adheres
ऊधर्नि (ū́dhar)
bosom, lap
ण्योरु (niṇyóḥ)
of the secret pair
उपस्थ (upásthe)
in the lap, in the embrace
उत्सस्य (útsasya)
of the fountain, of the spring
मध्ये (mádhye)
in the middle
निहितं (níhitam)
placed, set
पदं (padám)
place, position
वेः (véḥ)
of the bird
Stanza 10.5.2
स॒मा॒नं नी॒ळं वृष॑णो॒ वसा॑नाः॒ सं ज॑ग्मिरे महि॒षा अर्व॑तीभिः | ऋ॒तस्य॑ प॒दं क॒वयो॒ नि पा॑न्ति॒ गुहा॒ नामा॑नि दधिरे॒ परा॑णि ||
samānáṁ nīḷáṁ vŕ̥ṣaṇo vásānāḥ sáṁ jagmire mahiṣā́ árvatībhiḥ r̥tásya padáṁ kaváyo ní pānti gúhā nā́māni dadhire párāṇi
Sharing a common dwelling, the powerful males, attired, have come together with the mares. The sages guard the place of Rita, and hold supreme names concealed within.
This stanza describes a powerful gathering of male and female beings who share a common dwelling. These great beings have come together, accompanied by their female counterparts. The wise seers observe and protect the essence of cosmic order (Rita) and keep hidden profound, supreme names.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. समानं नीळं वृषणो वसांनाः samānám nīḷám vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ vásānāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सं जग्मिरे महिषाः अर्वातीभिः sám jagmire mahiṣā́ḥ árvatībhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ऋतस्य पदं कवयो नि पान्ति r̥tásya padám kaváyaḥ ní pānti (11 syllables)
- D. गुहा नामानि दधिरे पराणि gúhā nā́māni dadhire párāṇi (11 syllables)
समानं (samānám)
common, shared
नीळं (nīḷám)
dwelling, nest
वृषणो (vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ)
males, strong ones
वसांनाः (vásānāḥ)
wearing, clothed
सं (sám)
together
जग्मिरे (jagmire)
they have come
महिषाः (mahiṣā́ḥ)
great ones, mighty ones
अर्वातीभिः (árvatībhiḥ)
with the mares
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of Rita (cosmic order)
पदं (padám)
place, position
कवयो (kaváyaḥ)
sages, poets, seers
नि (ní)
down, within
पान्ति (pānti)
they guard, protect
गुहा (gúhā)
secretly, in secret
नामानि (nā́māni)
names
दधिरे (dadhire)
they hold, bear
पराणि (párāṇi)
supreme, highest, beyond
Stanza 10.5.3
ऋ॒ता॒यिनी॑ मा॒यिनी॒ सं द॑धाते मि॒त्वा शिशुं॑ जज्ञतुर्व॒र्धय॑न्ती | विश्व॑स्य॒ नाभिं॒ चर॑तो ध्रु॒वस्य॑ क॒वेश्चि॒त्तन्तुं॒ मन॑सा वि॒यन्तः॑ ||
r̥tāyínī māyínī sáṁ dadhāte mitvā́ śíśuṁ jajñatur vardháyantī víśvasya nā́bhiṁ cárato dhruvásya kavéś cit tántum mánasā viyántaḥ
The two Rita-abiding, magic-wielding ones unite; they have formed and nurtured the infant. They are the navel of all that moves and is stationary, the sages weaving the thread of thought with mind.
Two feminine divine beings, embodying cosmic order (Rita) and magical power, join together. They have formed and nurtured a divine infant. These two are the central point of all that moves and is stable. They are weaving the conceptual thread of the sage (Kavi) through their wisdom.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋतायिनी मायिनी संद दधाते r̥tāyínī māyínī sám dadhāte (11 syllables)
- B. मित्वा शिशुं जज्ञतुर्व र्धयन्ती mitvā́ śíśum jajñatuḥ vardháyantī (11 syllables)
- C. विश्वस्य नाभिं चरतो ध्रुवस्य víśvasya nā́bhim cárataḥ dhruvásya (11 syllables)
- D. कवेः चि तन्तुं मनसा वियन्तः kavéḥ cit tántum mánasā viyántaḥ (11 syllables)
ऋतायिनी (r̥tāyínī)
abiding by Rita (cosmic order)
मायिनी (māyínī)
possessing magic, mystical
संद (sám)
together
दधाते (dadhāte)
they place, they form
मित्वा (mitvā́)
having measured, having formed
शिशुं (śíśum)
infant
जज्ञतुर्व (jajñatuḥ)
they were born, they produced
र्धयन्ती (vardháyantī)
nurturing, causing to grow
विश्वस्य (víśvasya)
of all
नाभिं (nā́bhim)
navel, central point
चरतो (cárataḥ)
moving, wandering
ध्रुवस्य (dhruvásya)
of the stationary, of the firm
कवेः (kavéḥ)
of the sage, of the seer
चि (cit)
indeed, truly
तन्तुं (tántum)
thread, filament
मनसा (mánasā)
with the mind, with thought
वियन्तः (viyántaḥ)
weaving, entwining
Stanza 10.5.4
ऋ॒तस्य॒ हि व॑र्त॒नयः॒ सुजा॑त॒मिषो॒ वाजा॑य प्र॒दिवः॒ सच॑न्ते | अ॒धी॒वा॒सं रोद॑सी वावसा॒ने घृ॒तैरन्नै॑र्वावृधाते॒ मधू॑नाम् ||
r̥tásya hí vartanáyaḥ sújātam íṣo vā́jāya pradívaḥ sácante adhīvāsáṁ ródasī vāvasāné ghr̥taír ánnair vāvr̥dhāte mádhūnām
For the tracks of Rita and for abundance, the well-born one is attended from ancient times. Earth and Heaven, wearing this as a garment, grow strong with the sweet drippings of fat and food.
The pathways of cosmic order (Rita) and abundance (Vaja) are inherently connected to the well-born infant. These are attended by forces from ancient times. Earth and Heaven, clothed in the mantle of this power, grow strong by sustenance derived from the essence of sweetness.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋतस्य हि वर्तनयः सुजातं r̥tásya hí vartanáyaḥ sújātam (11 syllables)
- B. इषो वाजा प्रदिवः सचन्ते íṣaḥ vā́jāya pradívaḥ sácante (11 syllables)
- C. अधीवासां रोदसी वावसाने adhīvāsám ródasī vāvasāné (11 syllables)
- D. घृतै अन्नैः वावृधाते मधूनां ghr̥taíḥ ánnaiḥ vāvr̥dhāte mádhūnām (11 syllables)
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of Rita (cosmic order)
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
वर्तनयः (vartanáyaḥ)
pathways, tracks
सुजातं (sújātam)
well-born
इषो (íṣaḥ)
food, nourishment
वाजा (vā́jāya)
for strength, for abundance
प्रदिवः (pradívaḥ)
from ancient times, from afar
सचन्ते (sácante)
they attend, they follow
अधीवासां (adhīvāsám)
garment, mantle
रोदसी (ródasī)
Earth and Heaven (dual)
वावसाने (vāvasāné)
dwelling, residing
घृतै (ghr̥taíḥ)
with ghee, with fat
अन्नैः (ánnaiḥ)
with food
वावृधाते (vāvr̥dhāte)
they grow strong, they increase
मधूनां (mádhūnām)
of sweets, of honey
Stanza 10.5.5
स॒प्त स्वसॄ॒ररु॑षीर्वावशा॒नो वि॒द्वान्मध्व॒ उज्ज॑भारा दृ॒शे कम् | अ॒न्तर्ये॑मे अ॒न्तरि॑क्षे पुरा॒जा इ॒च्छन्व॒व्रिम॑विदत्पूष॒णस्य॑ ||
saptá svásr̥r̥r áruṣīr vāvaśānó vidvā́n mádhva új jabhārā dr̥śé kám antár yeme antárikṣe purājā́ ichán vavrím avidat pūṣaṇásya
Calling out, he has brought forth the seven red sisters to be seen, knowing the sweet drink. Born of old, he took his place in the mid-air, and seeking, found the covering of Pushan.
Calling out to the seven bright 'sisters', this being, wise in the nature of sweetness, has brought them forth to be seen. Having established himself in the mid-atmosphere, this ancient entity sought and found the protective covering of Pushan.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सप्त स्वसॄ अरुषी वावशानो saptá svásr̥̄ḥ áruṣīḥ vāvaśānáḥ (12 syllables)
- B. विद्वान्म अध्व उ जभारा दृशे क vidvā́n mádhvaḥ út jabhāra + dr̥śé kám (11 syllables)
- C. अन्तर्ये यमे अन्तरिक्षे पुराजा antár yeme antárikṣe purājā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इच्छन् वव्रिम विदत्पूष णस्य ichán vavrím avidat pūṣaṇásya (11 syllables)
सप्त (saptá)
seven
स्वसॄ (svásr̥̄ḥ)
sisters
अरुषी (áruṣīḥ)
red, bright
वावशानो (vāvaśānáḥ)
calling loudly, invoking
विद्वान्म (vidvā́n)
knowing
अध्व (mádhvaḥ)
of the sweet drink
उ (út)
up, forth
जभारा (jabhāra +)
he brought forth
दृशे (dr̥śé)
to be seen
क (kám)
what, indeed
अन्तर्ये (antár)
within, in
यमे (yeme)
he placed himself, he stood
अन्तरिक्षे (antárikṣe)
in the atmosphere, in the sky
पुराजा (purājā́ḥ)
born of old, ancient
इच्छन् (ichán)
seeking, wanting
वव्रिम (vavrím)
covering, cloak
विदत्पूष (avidat)
he found
णस्य (pūṣaṇásya)
of Pushan (the nourisher)
Stanza 10.5.6
स॒प्त म॒र्यादाः॑ क॒वय॑स्ततक्षु॒स्तासा॒मेका॒मिद॒भ्यं॑हु॒रो गा॑त् | आ॒योर्ह॑ स्क॒म्भ उ॑प॒मस्य॑ नी॒ळे प॒थां वि॑स॒र्गे ध॒रुणे॑षु तस्थौ ||
saptá maryā́dāḥ kaváyas tatakṣus tā́sām ékām íd abhy àṁhuró gāt āyór ha skambhá upamásya nīḷé pathā́ṁ visargé dharúṇeṣu tasthau
The sages fashioned seven boundaries. May one of them come to the troubled one. In the highest dwelling, like a pillar, he stood on a base, at the parting of the ways.
The wise (Kavaya) have constructed seven pathways. One of these pathways is where a troubled mortal may arrive. This being stands like a pillar in the highest dwelling, firmly established where the paths diverge.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सप्त मर्यादाः कवय ततक्षु saptá maryā́dāḥ kaváyaḥ tatakṣuḥ (11 syllables)
- B. तासा एका िदभ्यं अभ्यं हुरो गात् tā́sām ékām ít abhí aṃhuráḥ gāt (11 syllables)
- C. आयोर ह स्कम्भ उपमस्य नीळे āyóḥ ha skambháḥ upamásya nīḷé (11 syllables)
- D. पथां विसर्गे धरुणे तस्थौ pathā́m visargé dharúṇeṣu tasthau (11 syllables)
सप्त (saptá)
seven
मर्यादाः (maryā́dāḥ)
boundaries, limits, paths
कवय (kaváyaḥ)
sages, poets
ततक्षु (tatakṣuḥ)
they fashioned, they carved
तासा (tā́sām)
of them
एका (ékām)
one
िदभ्यं (ít)
indeed, this
अभ्यं (abhí)
towards
हुरो (aṃhuráḥ)
troubled, afflicted
गात् (gāt)
he went, he came
आयोर (āyóḥ)
of life, of existence
ह (ha)
indeed, (particle)
स्कम्भ (skambháḥ)
pillar, support
उपमस्य (upamásya)
highest, supreme
नीळे (nīḷé)
in the dwelling, in the nest
पथां (pathā́m)
of the paths
विसर्गे (visargé)
at the parting, at the separation
धरुणे (dharúṇeṣu)
on the supports, on the bases
तस्थौ (tasthau)
he stood, he remained
Stanza 10.5.7
अस॑च्च॒ सच्च॑ पर॒मे व्यो॑म॒न्दक्ष॑स्य॒ जन्म॒न्नदि॑तेरु॒पस्थे॑ | अ॒ग्निर्ह॑ नः प्रथम॒जा ऋ॒तस्य॒ पूर्व॒ आयु॑नि वृष॒भश्च॑ धे॒नुः ||
ásac ca sác ca paramé vyòman dákṣasya jánmann áditer upásthe agnír ha naḥ prathamajā́ r̥tásya pū́rva ā́yuni vr̥ṣabháś ca dhenúḥ
Non-being and Being are in the highest heaven, in the birth-place of Daksha and the lap of Aditi. Agni, our first-born of Rita, is the Bull and the Cow in the primal life.
This verse contrasts non-existence ('Asat') with existence ('Sat'), placing both in the highest cosmic space. It states that Agni, the first-born of Rita (cosmic order), is born in the realm of Daksha and within the embrace of Aditi. In the beginning of life, Agni is both the Bull and the Cow, representing creative and nurturing forces.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अस च सच्च च परमे व्योम ásat ca sát ca paramé vyòman (11 syllables)
- B. दक्षस्य जन्मन्नदि तेरु उपस्थे dákṣasya jánman áditeḥ upásthe (11 syllables)
- C. अग्निर् ह नः प्रथमजा ऋतस्य agníḥ ha naḥ prathamajā́ḥ r̥tásya (11 syllables)
- D. पूर्व आयुनि वृषभश्च च धेनुः pū́rve ā́yuni vr̥ṣabháḥ ca dhenúḥ (11 syllables)
अस (ásat)
non-being
च (ca)
and
सच्च (sát)
being, existence
च (ca)
and
परमे (paramé)
highest
व्योम (vyòman)
in the atmosphere, in the sky
दक्षस्य (dákṣasya)
of Daksha (power, ability)
जन्मन्नदि (jánman)
in the birth-place
तेरु (áditeḥ)
of Aditi (the infinite)
उपस्थे (upásthe)
in the lap, in the embrace
अग्निर् (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
ह (ha)
indeed, (particle)
नः (naḥ)
our
प्रथमजा (prathamajā́ḥ)
first-born
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of Rita (cosmic order)
पूर्व (pū́rve)
first, primal
आयुनि (ā́yuni)
in life, in existence
वृषभश्च (vr̥ṣabháḥ)
bull
च (ca)
and
धेनुः (dhenúḥ)
cow, milker (symbolizing nurturing)