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Stanza 10.23.1
यजा॑मह॒ इन्द्रं॒ वज्र॑दक्षिणं॒ हरी॑णां र॒थ्यं१॒॑ विव्र॑तानाम् | प्र श्मश्रु॒ दोधु॑वदू॒र्ध्वथा॑ भू॒द्वि सेना॑भि॒र्दय॑मानो॒ वि राध॑सा ||
yájāmaha índraṁ vájradakṣiṇaṁ hárīṇāṁ rathyàṁ vívratānām prá śmáśru dódhuvad ūrdhváthā bhūd ví sénābhir dáyamāno ví rā́dhasā
We worship Indra, who wields the thunderbolt, the charioteer of the horses that carry those who are powerful. Shaking his beard, he arose with great force, scattering his weapons and distributing riches.
This stanza is a prayer to Indra, invoking him as the mighty deity who wields the thunderbolt. The poet expresses the act of worship, highlighting Indra's role as a divine charioteer who drives powerful horses. Indra's imposing presence is described, with his beard shaking and his weapons ready, signifying his readiness to bestow boons and demonstrate his immense power.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यजा॑मह इन्द्रं वज्र॑दक्षिणं yájāmahe índram vájradakṣiṇam (12 syllables)
- B. हरी॑णां रथ्यं विव्र॑तानाम् hárīṇām rathyàm vívratānām (12 syllables)
- C. प्र श्मश्रु दोधुवत् ऊर्ध्वथा भूत् prá śmáśru dódhuvat ūrdhváthā bhūt (12 syllables)
- D. वि सेनाभिः दयमानो वि राधसा ví sénābhiḥ dáyamānaḥ ví rā́dhasā (12 syllables)
यजा॑मह (yájāmahe)
we worship
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
वज्र॑दक्षिणं (vájradakṣiṇam)
having the thunderbolt in his right hand
हरी॑णां (hárīṇām)
of the bay horses
रथ्यं (rathyàm)
charioteer
विव्र॑तानाम् (vívratānām)
of those who are very powerful/great
प्र (prá)
forth
श्मश्रु (śmáśru)
beard
दोधुवत् (dódhuvat)
shaking
ऊर्ध्वथा (ūrdhváthā)
upward, with might
भूत् (bhūt)
he arose
वि (ví)
apart, asunder
सेनाभिः (sénābhiḥ)
with weapons
दयमानो (dáyamānaḥ)
distributing
वि (ví)
apart, asunder
राधसा (rā́dhasā)
with riches
Stanza 10.23.2
हरी॒ न्व॑स्य॒ या वने॑ वि॒दे वस्विन्द्रो॑ म॒घैर्म॒घवा॑ वृत्र॒हा भु॑वत् | ऋ॒भुर्वाज॑ ऋभु॒क्षाः प॑त्यते॒ शवोऽव॑ क्ष्णौमि॒ दास॑स्य॒ नाम॑ चित् ||
hárī nv àsya yā́ váne vidé vásv índro maghaír maghávā vr̥trahā́ bhuvat r̥bhúr vā́ja r̥bhukṣā́ḥ patyate śávó 'va kṣṇaumi dā́sasya nā́ma cit
The wealth that Indra, the wealthy, the slayer of Vritra, obtained with his mighty deeds and which his bay horses brought, that made him powerful. He is Rhibhu, Rhibhukshan, and Vaja. I utterly destroy even the name of the Dasa.
This stanza praises Indra's might, attributing his power and success in defeating enemies to the wealth he obtained. His strength and prowess are highlighted by his epithets as the slayer of Vritra and the possessor of great wealth. The stanza concludes with a powerful declaration of Indra's supremacy, symbolized by his ability to obliterate the very name of his adversaries, the Dasas.
Meter: Jagati
- A. हरी न्व स्य या वने विदे वस् hárī nú asya yā́ váne vidé vásu (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रो मघैः मघवा वृत्रहा भुवत् índraḥ maghaíḥ maghávā vr̥trahā́ bhuvat (12 syllables)
- C. ऋभुः वाज ऋभुक्षाः पत्यते शवो r̥bhúḥ vā́jaḥ r̥bhukṣā́ḥ patyate śávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अव ष्णौमि दासस्य नाम चित् áva kṣṇaumi dā́sasya nā́ma cit (11 syllables)
हरी (hárī)
bay horses
न्व (nú)
now, indeed
स्य (asya)
his
या (yā́)
which
वने (váne)
in the sacrifice, in the struggle
विदे (vidé)
to find
वस् (vásu)
wealth, riches
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
मघैः (maghaíḥ)
with riches, with gifts
मघवा (maghávā)
the wealthy one
वृत्रहा (vr̥trahā́)
slayer of Vritra
भुवत् (bhuvat)
became
ऋभुः (r̥bhúḥ)
skillful, Rhibhu
वाज (vā́jaḥ)
strength, food, Vaja
ऋभुक्षाः (r̥bhukṣā́ḥ)
controller of skill, Rhibhukshan
पत्यते (patyate)
rules, prevails
शवो (śávaḥ)
power, might
अव (áva)
down
ष्णौमि (kṣṇaumi)
I destroy, I annihilate
दासस्य (dā́sasya)
of the Dasa (enemy)
नाम (nā́ma)
name
चित् (cit)
even
Stanza 10.23.3
य॒दा वज्रं॒ हिर॑ण्य॒मिदथा॒ रथं॒ हरी॒ यम॑स्य॒ वह॑तो॒ वि सू॒रिभिः॑ | आ ति॑ष्ठति म॒घवा॒ सन॑श्रुत॒ इन्द्रो॒ वाज॑स्य दी॒र्घश्र॑वस॒स्पतिः॑ ||
yadā́ vájraṁ híraṇyam íd áthā ráthaṁ hárī yám asya váhato ví sūríbhiḥ ā́ tiṣṭhati maghávā sánaśruta índro vā́jasya dīrgháśravasas pátiḥ
When the wealthy Indra, whose fame is long-lasting, arises with his thunderbolt, and the chariot which his two bay horses draw, he comes with the princes. He is the lord of strength.
This stanza describes a magnificent scene where Indra, the powerful and renowned lord, approaches with his golden thunderbolt and chariot. His chariot is drawn by two swift, bay horses. The presence of Indra, accompanied by princes and possessing long-lasting fame, signifies his supreme authority and his role as the master of immense power and prosperity.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यदा वज्रं हिरण्यं इदथा रथं हरी yadā́ vájram híraṇyam ít átha + rátham (12 syllables)
- B. यं अस्य वह॑तो वि सूभिः आ hárī yám asya váhataḥ ví sūríbhiḥ (12 syllables)
- C. तिष्ठति मघवा सनश्रुत इन्द्रः ā́ tiṣṭhati maghávā sánaśrutaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वाजस्य दीर्घश्रवसः पतिः patiḥ índraḥ vā́jasya dīrgháśravasaḥ pátiḥ (12 syllables)
यदा (yadā́)
when
वज्रं (vájram)
thunderbolt
हिरण्यं (híraṇyam)
golden
इदथा (ít)
indeed, certainly
रथं (átha +)
then
हरी (rátham)
chariot
यं (hárī)
two bay horses
अस्य (yám)
which
वह॑तो (asya)
his
वि (váhataḥ)
draw, carry
सूभिः (ví)
apart, forward
आ (sūríbhiḥ)
with princes, with heroes
तिष्ठति (ā́)
towards, upon
मघवा (tiṣṭhati)
he stands, he arrives
सनश्रुत (maghávā)
the wealthy one
इन्द्रः (sánaśrutaḥ)
famed since long ago
वाजस्य (índraḥ)
Indra
दीर्घश्रवसः (vā́jasya)
of strength, of food
पतिः (dīrgháśravasaḥ)
of long-lasting fame
patiḥ (pátiḥ)
lord, master
Stanza 10.23.4
सो चि॒न्नु वृ॒ष्टिर्यू॒थ्या॒३॒॑ स्वा सचाँ॒ इन्द्रः॒ श्मश्रू॑णि॒ हरि॑ता॒भि प्रु॑ष्णुते | अव॑ वेति सु॒क्षयं॑ सु॒ते मधूदिद्धू॑नोति॒ वातो॒ यथा॒ वन॑म् ||
só cin nú vr̥ṣṭír yūthyāā̀ svā́ sácām̐ índraḥ śmáśrūṇi háritābhí pruṣṇute áva veti sukṣáyaṁ suté mádhū́d íd dhūnoti vā́to yáthā vánam
Indeed, this rain, like that which comes with herds, is with him. Indra sprinkles moisture on his yellow beard. He finds a pleasant place, and stirs it as the wind stirs the forest.
This stanza likens Indra's power and presence to a strong, revitalizing rain. It describes the moisture falling on his yellow beard, symbolizing his energetic and active nature. The stanza highlights Indra's ability to find a pleasant place and stir things up, much like the wind moves through a forest, indicating his power to influence and invigorate.
Meter: Jagati
- A. सो चि न्नु वृष्टिः यूत्या स्वा सचाँ इन्द्रः sá u cit nú vr̥ṣṭíḥ yūthyā̀ svā́ sácā (12 syllables)
- B. श्मश्रूणि हरिताभि प्रुष्णुते अव वेति índraḥ śmáśrūṇi háritā abhí pruṣṇute (12 syllables)
- C. सुक्षयं सुते मधूदिद् धूनोति वातो áva veti sukṣáyam suté mádhu (11 syllables)
- D. यथा वनं vānaṁ yathā yathā vanam út ít dhūnoti vā́taḥ yáthā vánam (12 syllables)
सो (sá)
he
चि (u)
and
न्नु (cit)
indeed
वृष्टिः (nú)
now
यूत्या (vr̥ṣṭíḥ)
rain
स्वा (yūthyā̀)
coming in herds, abundant
सचाँ (svā́)
own, his
इन्द्रः (sácā)
together
श्मश्रूणि (índraḥ)
Indra
हरिताभि (śmáśrūṇi)
beards
प्रुष्णुते (háritā)
yellow, tawny
अव (abhí)
upon
वेति (pruṣṇute)
sprinkles
सुक्षयं (áva)
down
सुते (veti)
he finds, he knows
मधूदिद् (sukṣáyam)
a pleasant place
धूनोति (suté)
when pressed, when extracted (of Soma)
वातो (mádhu)
sweet juice
यथा (út)
up
वनं (ít)
indeed
vānaṁ (dhūnoti)
he stirs
yathā (vā́taḥ)
wind
yathā (yáthā)
as
vanam (vánam)
forest
Stanza 10.23.5
यो वा॒चा विवा॑चो मृ॒ध्रवा॑चः पु॒रू स॒हस्राशि॑वा ज॒घान॑ | तत्त॒दिद॑स्य॒ पौंस्यं॑ गृणीमसि पि॒तेव॒ यस्तवि॑षीं वावृ॒धे शवः॑ ||
yó vācā́ vívāco mr̥dhrávācaḥ purū́ sahásrā́śivā jaghā́na tát-tad íd asya paúṁsyaṁ gr̥ṇīmasi pitéva yás táviṣīṁ vāvr̥dhé śávaḥ
We praise his various acts of strength, who, like a father, has grown in might. He slew with his voice many thousands of wicked enemies who spoke ill. We proclaim his might.
This stanza celebrates Indra's heroic deeds and growing strength. The poet recounts how Indra, with his powerful voice, has vanquished numerous wicked enemies who spoke harshly. His valorous actions are praised as his inherent strength, growing like a father's might. The stanza concludes with a statement of collective praise for Indra's expanding power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. शवः वाचा विवचो मृध्रवाचः yáḥ vācā́ vívācaḥ mr̥dhrávācaḥ (10 syllables)
- B. पुरू सहस्रा शिव जघान purú + sahásrā áśivā jaghā́na (10 syllables)
- C. तत्तदिद अस्य पौंस्यं गृणीमसि पतेव tát-tat ít asya paúṃsyam gr̥ṇīmasi (12 syllables)
- D. यस्तविषीं वावृधे शवः śavaḥ vāvr̥dhe śavaḥ pitā́ iva yáḥ táviṣīm vāvr̥dhé śávaḥ (12 syllables)
शवः (yáḥ)
who
वाचा (vācā́)
with voice
विवचो (vívācaḥ)
varied speech
मृध्रवाचः (mr̥dhrávācaḥ)
harsh-speaking, contemptuous
पुरू (purú +)
many
सहस्रा (sahásrā)
thousands
शिव (áśivā)
wicked, inauspicious
जघान (jaghā́na)
he slew
तत्तदिद (tát-tat)
that, that
अस्य (ít)
indeed
पौंस्यं (asya)
his
गृणीमसि (paúṃsyam)
valor, strength
पतेव (gr̥ṇīmasi)
we praise, we sing
यस्तविषीं (pitā́)
father
वावृधे (iva)
like
शवः (yáḥ)
who
śavaḥ (táviṣīm)
power, strength
vāvr̥dhe (vāvr̥dhé)
has grown
śavaḥ (śávaḥ)
power
Stanza 10.23.6
स्तोमं॑ त इन्द्र विम॒दा अ॑जीजन॒न्नपू॑र्व्यं पुरु॒तमं॑ सु॒दान॑वे | वि॒द्मा ह्य॑स्य॒ भोज॑नमि॒नस्य॒ यदा प॒शुं न गो॒पाः क॑रामहे ||
stómaṁ ta indra vimadā́ ajījanann ápūrvyam purutámaṁ sudā́nave vidmā́ hy àsya bhójanam inásya yád ā́ paśúṁ ná gopā́ḥ karāmahe
O Indra, the Vimadas have created for you an unprecedented, supreme song of praise, for you who are very generous. For we know the bounty of this mighty one; we offer ourselves to him like herdsmen to their cattle.
This stanza is a hymn of praise to Indra, presented by the Vimadas, a group of sages. They offer him a unique and unparalleled song of praise, recognizing him as supremely bountiful. The poets express their knowledge of Indra's generosity and their intention to attract him, comparing their action to a herdsman calling his cattle, signifying their devotion and desire for his favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. स्तोमं त इन्द्र विमदा अजीजन stómam te indra vimadā́ḥ ajījanan (12 syllables)
- B. अपूव्यं पुरुतं सुदानवे ápūrvyam purutámam sudā́nave (12 syllables)
- C. विद्मा ह्य स्य भोज इ vidmá + hí asya bhójanam inásya (11 syllables)
- D. आ पशुं न गोपाः करामहे karāmahe yát ā́ paśúm ná gopā́ḥ karāmahe (12 syllables)
स्तोमं (stómam)
song of praise, hymn
त (te)
to you
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
विमदा (vimadā́ḥ)
the Vimadas (a group of sages)
अजीजन (ajījanan)
created, produced
अपूव्यं (ápūrvyam)
unprecedented, unique
पुरुतं (purutámam)
most abundant, most generous
सुदानवे (sudā́nave)
to the generous one
विद्मा (vidmá +)
we know
ह्य (hí)
indeed
स्य (asya)
his
भोज (bhójanam)
bounty, sustenance
इ (inásya)
of the mighty one
आ (yát)
which, that
पशुं (ā́)
towards
न (paśúm)
animal, cattle
गोपाः (ná)
like
करामहे (gopā́ḥ)
herdsmen
karāmahe (karāmahe)
we make, we attract
Stanza 10.23.7
माकि॑र्न ए॒ना स॒ख्या वि यौ॑षु॒स्तव॑ चेन्द्र विम॒दस्य॑ च॒ ऋषेः॑ | वि॒द्मा हि ते॒ प्रम॑तिं देव जामि॒वद॒स्मे ते॑ सन्तु स॒ख्या शि॒वानि॑ ||
mā́kir na enā́ sakhyā́ ví yauṣus táva cendra vimadásya ca ŕ̥ṣeḥ vidmā́ hí te prámatiṁ deva jāmivád asmé te santu sakhyā́ śivā́ni
May this friendship of ours, O Indra, and that of the Risi Vimada, never be broken. For we know your care for us, O God, as if you were a brother. May your friendships be auspicious for us.
This stanza expresses a desire for an unbreakable friendship between the poet (and the Vimadas) and Indra. The poet acknowledges Indra's care and affection, comparing it to a brotherly relationship. They pray that their bond with Indra and the sage Vimada will remain strong and auspicious, ensuring a lasting and beneficial relationship.
Meter:
- A. माकिः न एना śivāni यौषुः तव mā́kis naḥ enā́ sakhyā́ ví yauṣuḥ (11 syllables)
- B. चेन्द्र विद्मा च ऋषेः विद्मा हि táva ca indra vimadásya ca ŕ̥ṣeḥ (12 syllables)
- C. ते प्रमतिं सख्या जामिवद अस्मे ते vidmá + hí te prámatim deva jāmivát (12 syllables)
- D. सन्तु सख्या शिवानि śivāni śivāni asmé te santu sakhyā́ śivā́ni (11 syllables)
माकिः (mā́kis)
never
न (naḥ)
us
एना (enā́)
this
śivāni (sakhyā́)
friendships
यौषुः (ví)
apart, broken
तव (yauṣuḥ)
they broke
चेन्द्र (táva)
yours
विद्मा (ca)
and
च (indra)
O Indra
ऋषेः (vimadásya)
of Vimada
विद्मा (ca)
and
हि (ŕ̥ṣeḥ)
of the sage
ते (vidmá +)
we know
प्रमतिं (hí)
indeed
सख्या (te)
your
जामिवद (prámatim)
care, mindfulness
अस्मे (deva)
O God
ते (jāmivát)
like a brother
सन्तु (asmé)
for us
सख्या (te)
your
शिवानि (santu)
may they be
śivāni (sakhyā́)
friendships
śivāni (śivā́ni)
auspicious, benevolent