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Stanza 10.120.1
तदिदा॑स॒ भुव॑नेषु॒ ज्येष्ठं॒ यतो॑ ज॒ज्ञ उ॒ग्रस्त्वे॒षनृ॑म्णः | स॒द्यो ज॑ज्ञा॒नो नि रि॑णाति॒ शत्रू॒ननु॒ यं विश्वे॒ मद॒न्त्यूमाः॑ ||
tád íd āsa bhúvaneṣu jyéṣṭhaṁ yáto jajñá ugrás tveṣánr̥mṇaḥ sadyó jajñānó ní riṇāti śátrūn ánu yáṁ víśve mádanty ū́māḥ
That was the greatest in the worlds, from whom the mighty one, possessing brilliant strength, was born. Immediately upon being born, he overcomes enemies, after whom all the companies rejoice.
This verse describes a supreme being, identified as the greatest and most powerful in all the worlds. From this being, who possesses splendid valor, sprang the mighty gods. This being, upon its very birth, is capable of overcoming enemies, and all beings rejoice in its presence.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तत इत आस भुवनेषु ज्येष्ठं tát ít āsa bhúvaneṣu jyéṣṭham (11 syllables)
- B. यतः जज्ञे उग्रः त्वेषांनृम्णः yátas jajñé ugráḥ tveṣánr̥mṇaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. सद्यः जज्ञानः नि रिणाति शत्रून् sadyás jajñānáḥ ní riṇāti śátrūn (11 syllables)
- D. अनु यं विश्वे मदन्ति ऊमाः ánu yám víśve mádanti ū́māḥ (10 syllables)
तत (tát)
that
इत (ít)
indeed
आस (āsa)
was
भुवनेषु (bhúvaneṣu)
in the worlds
ज्येष्ठं (jyéṣṭham)
the greatest
यतः (yátas)
from which
जज्ञे (jajñé)
was born
उग्रः (ugráḥ)
mighty
त्वेषांनृम्णः (tveṣánr̥mṇaḥ)
possessing brilliant strength
सद्यः (sadyás)
immediately
जज्ञानः (jajñānáḥ)
being born
नि (ní)
down
रिणाति (riṇāti)
overcomes
शत्रून् (śátrūn)
enemies
अनु (ánu)
after
यं (yám)
whom
विश्वे (víśve)
all
मदन्ति (mádanti)
rejoice
ऊमाः (ū́māḥ)
companies/groups
Stanza 10.120.2
वा॒वृ॒धा॒नः शव॑सा॒ भूर्यो॑जाः॒ शत्रु॑र्दा॒साय॑ भि॒यसं॑ दधाति | अव्य॑नच्च व्य॒नच्च॒ सस्नि॒ सं ते॑ नवन्त॒ प्रभृ॑ता॒ मदे॑षु ||
vāvr̥dhānáḥ śávasā bhū́ryojāḥ śátrur dāsā́ya bhiyásaṁ dadhāti ávyanac ca vyanác ca sásni sáṁ te navanta prábhr̥tā mádeṣu
Growing in strength with great vigor, the enemy instills fear in the Dasa. He conquers the moving and the unmoving. All rejoice with you in feasts and offerings.
This verse praises a powerful entity, who is growing in strength and vigor. As an enemy, this being instills fear in the Dasa (a group often associated with opposition). It is depicted as actively striving to conquer both animate and inanimate things, and all beings celebrate its might in gatherings and rituals.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वावृधानः शवसा भूर्योजः vāvr̥dhānáḥ śávasā bhū́ryojāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. शत्रुः दासाय भियसं दधाति śátruḥ dāsā́ya bhiyásam dadhāti (11 syllables)
- C. अव्यनत् च व्यनत् च सस्नि ávyanat ca vyanát ca sásni (11 syllables)
- D. सं ते नवन्त प्रभृता मदेषु sám te navanta prábhr̥tā mádeṣu (11 syllables)
वावृधानः (vāvr̥dhānáḥ)
growing
शवसा (śávasā)
with strength
भूर्योजः (bhū́ryojāḥ)
possessing great vigor
शत्रुः (śátruḥ)
enemy
दासाय (dāsā́ya)
to the Dasa
भियसं (bhiyásam)
fear
दधाति (dadhāti)
instills
अव्यनत् (ávyanat)
moving (animate)
च (ca)
and
व्यनत् (vyanát)
unmoving (inanimate)
च (ca)
and
सस्नि (sásni)
conquering
सं (sám)
together
ते (te)
with you
नवन्त (navanta)
rejoiced
प्रभृता (prábhr̥tā)
offerings
मदेषु (mádeṣu)
in feasts
Stanza 10.120.3
त्वे क्रतु॒मपि॑ वृञ्जन्ति॒ विश्वे॒ द्विर्यदे॒ते त्रिर्भव॒न्त्यूमाः॑ | स्वा॒दोः स्वादी॑यः स्वा॒दुना॑ सृजा॒ सम॒दः सु मधु॒ मधु॑ना॒भि यो॑धीः ||
tvé krátum ápi vr̥ñjanti víśve dvír yád eté trír bhávanty ū́māḥ svādóḥ svā́dīyaḥ svādúnā sr̥jā sám adáḥ sú mádhu mádhunābhí yodhīḥ
All, in relation to you, apply their mental power. When these appear twice or thrice as assistants. Create sweetness from the sweetest, and with the sweet, quickly achieve victory with the mead.
This verse addresses a deity, stating that all beings focus their mental power ('krátu') on them. It mentions that these beings, perhaps followers or aspects of the deity, appear twice or thrice as assistants. The verse then instructs the deity to blend the sweetest essence with sweetness, and to quickly win with their strength and might, suggesting a vigorous and powerful engagement.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वे क्रतुं अपि वृञ्जन्ति विश्वे tvé krátum ápi vr̥ñjanti víśve (11 syllables)
- B. द्विः यत् एते त्रिः भवन्ति ऊमाः dvís yát eté trís bhávanti ū́māḥ (11 syllables)
- C. स्वादोः स्वादीयः स्वादुना सृजा सं svādóḥ svā́dīyaḥ svādúnā sr̥ja + sám (11 syllables)
- D. सु मधु मधुना अभि योधीः adáḥ ~ adó sú mádhu mádhunā abhí yodhīḥ (11 syllables)
त्वे (tvé)
in you
क्रतुं (krátum)
mental power
अपि (ápi)
also
वृञ्जन्ति (vr̥ñjanti)
apply/direct
विश्वे (víśve)
all
द्विः (dvís)
twice
यत् (yát)
when
एते (eté)
these
त्रिः (trís)
thrice
भवन्ति (bhávanti)
become/appear
ऊमाः (ū́māḥ)
assistants/helpers
स्वादोः (svādóḥ)
from the sweet
स्वादीयः (svā́dīyaḥ)
sweeter
स्वादुना (svādúnā)
with sweetness
सृजा (sr̥ja +)
create
सं (sám)
together
(adáḥ ~ adó)
सु (sú)
quickly
मधु (mádhu)
mead/sweetness
मधुना (mádhunā)
with mead/sweetness
अभि (abhí)
towards
योधीः (yodhīḥ)
fight/achieve victory
Stanza 10.120.4
इति॑ चि॒द्धि त्वा॒ धना॒ जय॑न्तं॒ मदे॑मदे अनु॒मद॑न्ति॒ विप्राः॑ | ओजी॑यो धृष्णो स्थि॒रमा त॑नुष्व॒ मा त्वा॑ दभन्यातु॒धाना॑ दु॒रेवाः॑ ||
íti cid dhí tvā dhánā jáyantam máde-made anumádanti víprāḥ ójīyo dhr̥ṣṇo sthirám ā́ tanuṣva mā́ tvā dabhan yātudhā́nā durévāḥ
Therefore, the wise rejoice with you, the winner of wealth, in every assembly. With greater power, bold one, extend your firmness. Do not let the evil sorcerers deceive you.
This verse expresses the joy and support of the wise ('vipra') towards a victorious being who wins riches. It acknowledges the being's winning nature and encourages them to maintain their strength and firmness with greater power. It also issues a warning to prevent evil sorcerers ('yatudhāna') from harming or deceiving this being.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इति चिद् हि त्वा धना जयन्तं íti cit hí tvā dhánā jáyantam (10 syllables)
- B. मदेमदे अनुमदन्ति विप्राः máde-made anumádanti víprāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ओजीयः धृष्णो स्थिरं आ तनुष्व ójīyaḥ dhr̥ṣṇo sthirám ā́ tanuṣva (11 syllables)
- D. मा त्वा दभन् यातुधानाः दुरेवाः mā́ tvā dabhan yātudhā́nāḥ durévāḥ (11 syllables)
इति (íti)
thus
चिद् (cit)
indeed
हि (hí)
truly
त्वा (tvā)
you
धना (dhánā)
riches
जयन्तं (jáyantam)
victorious
मदेमदे (máde-made)
in every assembly/feast
अनुमदन्ति (anumádanti)
rejoice
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
wise ones
ओजीयः (ójīyaḥ)
with greater strength
धृष्णो (dhr̥ṣṇo)
bold one
स्थिरं (sthirám)
firmness
आ (ā́)
forth
तनुष्व (tanuṣva)
extend
मा (mā́)
do not
त्वा (tvā)
you
दभन् (dabhan)
deceive/harm
यातुधानाः (yātudhā́nāḥ)
sorcerers
दुरेवाः (durévāḥ)
evil
Stanza 10.120.5
त्वया॑ व॒यं शा॑शद्महे॒ रणे॑षु प्र॒पश्य॑न्तो यु॒धेन्या॑नि॒ भूरि॑ | चो॒दया॑मि त॒ आयु॑धा॒ वचो॑भिः॒ सं ते॑ शिशामि॒ ब्रह्म॑णा॒ वयां॑सि ||
tváyā vayáṁ śāśadmahe ráṇeṣu prapáśyanto yudhényāni bhū́ri codáyāmi ta ā́yudhā vácobhiḥ sáṁ te śiśāmi bráhmaṇā váyāṁsi
By you, we are supported in battles, seeing abundant, worthy of battle. I incite your weapons with words, and sharpen your energies with devotion.
This verse describes the collective trust and reliance of the speaker and their group ('vayam') on the addressed deity ('tvaya'). They place their confidence in this deity, especially during battles ('raneṣu'), while observing the plentiful rewards ('bhuri') that are the prize of combat ('yudhenyāni'). The speaker pledges to inspire the deity's weapons ('āyudhā') with words ('vacobhiḥ') and to sharpen ('śiśāmi') their vital essence ('vayāṃsi') with devotion ('brahmaṇā').
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वया वयं शाशद्महे रणेषु tváyā vayám śāśadmahe ráṇeṣu (11 syllables)
- B. प्रपश्यन्तः युधेन्यानि भूरि prapáśyantaḥ yudhényāni bhū́ri (11 syllables)
- C. चोदयामि ते आयुधा वचोभिः codáyāmi te ā́yudhā vácobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सं ते शिशामि ब्रह्मणा वयांसि sám te śiśāmi bráhmaṇā váyāṃsi (11 syllables)
त्वया (tváyā)
by you
वयं (vayám)
we
शाशद्महे (śāśadmahe)
are supported/placed trust
रणेषु (ráṇeṣu)
in battles
प्रपश्यन्तः (prapáśyantaḥ)
seeing
युधेन्यानि (yudhényāni)
worthy of battle
भूरि (bhū́ri)
abundant
चोदयामि (codáyāmi)
incite/inspire
ते (te)
your
आयुधा (ā́yudhā)
weapons
वचोभिः (vácobhiḥ)
with words
सं (sám)
together
ते (te)
your
शिशामि (śiśāmi)
sharpen
ब्रह्मणा (bráhmaṇā)
with devotion/prayer
वयांसि (váyāṃsi)
energies/vitality
Stanza 10.120.6
स्तु॒षेय्यं॑ पुरु॒वर्प॑स॒मृभ्व॑मि॒नत॑ममा॒प्त्यमा॒प्त्याना॑म् | आ द॑र्षते॒ शव॑सा स॒प्त दानू॒न्प्र सा॑क्षते प्रति॒माना॑नि॒ भूरि॑ ||
stuṣéyyam puruvárpasam ŕ̥bhvam inátamam āptyám āptyā́nām ā́ darṣate śávasā saptá dā́nūn prá sākṣate pratimā́nāni bhū́ri
Deserving of praise, many-formed, highly skilled, most energetic, an Âptya of the Âptyas. With his strength, he conquers the seven Dânus, and overcomes many equals.
This verse praises a being described as worthy of worship, possessing many forms, highly skillful, and extremely energetic. This being is also referred to as 'Âptya' among the 'Âptyas' (perhaps beings of great power or descent). With their might, they are said to conquer the 'seven Dânus' (possibly representing obstacles or forces) and subdue many who were considered equals, demonstrating supreme dominance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स्तुषेय्यं पुरुवर्पसं ऋभ्वं stuṣéyyam puruvárpasam ŕ̥bhvam (11 syllables)
- B. इणतमं आप्त्यं आप्त्यानां inátamam āptyám āptyā́nām (11 syllables)
- C. आ दर्षते शवसा सप्त दानून् ā́ darṣate śávasā saptá dā́nūn (11 syllables)
- D. प्र साक्षते प्रतिमानानि भूरि prá sākṣate pratimā́nāni bhū́ri (11 syllables)
स्तुषेय्यं (stuṣéyyam)
deserving of praise
पुरुवर्पसं (puruvárpasam)
many-formed
ऋभ्वं (ŕ̥bhvam)
highly skilled
इणतमं (inátamam)
most energetic
आप्त्यं (āptyám)
an Âptya
आप्त्यानां (āptyā́nām)
of the Âptyas
आ (ā́)
forth
दर्षते (darṣate)
conquers
शवसा (śávasā)
with strength
सप्त (saptá)
seven
दानून् (dā́nūn)
Dânus (obstacles)
प्र (prá)
forth
साक्षते (sākṣate)
subdues
प्रतिमानानि (pratimā́nāni)
equals
भूरि (bhū́ri)
many
Stanza 10.120.7
नि तद्द॑धि॒षेऽव॑रं॒ परं॑ च॒ यस्मि॒न्नावि॒थाव॑सा दुरो॒णे | आ मा॒तरा॑ स्थापयसे जिग॒त्नू अत॑ इनोषि॒ कर्व॑रा पु॒रूणि॑ ||
ní tád dadhiṣé 'varam páraṁ ca yásminn ā́vithā́vasā duroṇé ā́ mātárā sthāpayase jigatnū́ áta inoṣi kárvarā purū́ṇi
You establish that lower and higher wealth in the dwelling, by which you protect. You place the two active mothers. You bring many varied things.
This verse describes a protective deity establishing wealth and prosperity ('tát') in a dwelling ('duroṇe'), referring to both lower ('avaram') and higher ('param') aspects. The deity is depicted as placing two maternal figures ('mātara'), described as 'jigatnū' (moving or active), and is also said to bring many ('purūṇi') and varied ('karvarā') deeds or achievements to completion, showing their power in both nurturing and accomplishing.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नि तद् दधिषे अवरं परं च ní tát dadhiṣe ávaram páram ca (11 syllables)
- B. यस्मिन् आवित अवसा दुरोणे yásmin ā́vitha ávasā duroṇé (11 syllables)
- C. आ मातरा स्थापयसे जिगत्नू ā́ mātárā sthāpayase jigatnū́ (11 syllables)
- D. अतः इनोषि कर्वरा पुरूणि átas inoṣi kárvarā purū́ṇi (11 syllables)
नि (ní)
down
तद् (tát)
that
दधिषे (dadhiṣe)
establish
अवरं (ávaram)
lower
परं (páram)
higher
च (ca)
and
यस्मिन् (yásmin)
in which
आवित (ā́vitha)
protect
अवसा (ávasā)
with protection
दुरोणे (duroṇé)
in the dwelling
आ (ā́)
forth
मातरा (mātárā)
two mothers
स्थापयसे (sthāpayase)
place
जिगत्नू (jigatnū́)
active/moving
अतः (átas)
then
इनोषि (inoṣi)
bring/cause to move
कर्वरा (kárvarā)
varied
पुरूणि (purū́ṇi)
many
Stanza 10.120.8
इ॒मा ब्रह्म॑ बृ॒हद्दि॑वो विव॒क्तीन्द्रा॑य शू॒षम॑ग्रि॒यः स्व॒र्षाः | म॒हो गो॒त्रस्य॑ क्षयति स्व॒राजो॒ दुर॑श्च॒ विश्वा॑ अवृणो॒दप॒ स्वाः ||
imā́ bráhma br̥háddivo vivaktī́ndrāya śūṣám agriyáḥ svarṣā́ḥ mahó gotrásya kṣayati svarā́jo dúraś ca víśvā avr̥ṇod ápa svā́ḥ
Br̥ihaddiva, the foremost, speaks these hymns, Indra's strength. He rules the great dominion of cattle, and opened all the doors of light.
This verse celebrates Br̥ihaddiva, described as a foremost achiever of light and fame ('agriyah', 'svarṣāḥ'), who articulates these sacred hymns ('brahma') and Indra's strength ('śūṣam'). This self-ruling ('svarājoḥ') entity governs the vast domain of cattle ('mahó gotrasya kṣayati'), signifying dominion over wealth. It is also credited with opening all the doors ('duraśca viśvāḥ') of brilliance or light, symbolizing access to knowledge and prosperity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इमा ब्रह्म बृहद्दिषः विवक्ति imā́ bráhma br̥háddivaḥ vivakti (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्राय शूषं अग्रियः स्वर्षाः índrāya śūṣám agriyáḥ svarṣā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. महः गोत्रस्य क्षयति स्वराजोः maháḥ gotrásya kṣayati svarā́jaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. दुरः च विश्वाः अवृणोत अप स्वाः dúraḥ ca víśvāḥ avr̥ṇot ápa svā́ḥ (11 syllables)
इमा (imā́)
these
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
hymns/prayers
बृहद्दिषः (br̥háddivaḥ)
Br̥ihaddiva (name)
विवक्ति (vivakti)
speaks
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
to Indra
शूषं (śūṣám)
strength
अग्रियः (agriyáḥ)
foremost
स्वर्षाः (svarṣā́ḥ)
winner of heaven/light
महः (maháḥ)
great
गोत्रस्य (gotrásya)
of the fold/domain (of cattle)
क्षयति (kṣayati)
rules/dwells
स्वराजोः (svarā́jaḥ)
self-ruling
दुरः (dúraḥ)
doors
च (ca)
and
विश्वाः (víśvāḥ)
all
अवृणोत (avr̥ṇot)
opened
अप (ápa)
away/open
स्वाः (svā́ḥ)
of light/splendor
Stanza 10.120.9
ए॒वा म॒हान्बृ॒हद्दि॑वो॒ अथ॒र्वावो॑च॒त्स्वां त॒न्व१॒॑मिन्द्र॑मे॒व | स्वसा॑रो मात॒रिभ्व॑रीररि॒प्रा हि॒न्वन्ति॑ च॒ शव॑सा व॒र्धय॑न्ति च ||
evā́ mahā́n br̥háddivo átharvā́vocat svā́ṁ tanvàm índram evá svásāro mātaríbhvarīr ariprā́ hinvánti ca śávasā vardháyanti ca
Thus the great Br̥ihaddiva, the Atharvan, spoke of himself as Indra. The spotless sisters, the mothers, invigorate with strength and increase.
This verse concludes by stating that the great Br̥ihaddiva, who is also called the Atharvan (a wise seer), has spoken to Indra as if he were present in person. It further describes the 'sisters' ('svasāraḥ'), who are also called 'mothers' ('mātaribharīr') and are 'spotless' ('ariprāḥ'), as energizing ('hinvanti') and strengthening ('vardhayanti') Indra with their power ('śavasā'). This highlights a nurturing and empowering divine feminine aspect supporting the divine masculine.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. महान् बृहद्दिषः अथर्वा evá + mahā́n br̥háddivaḥ átharvā (11 syllables)
- B. अवोचत् स्वां तन्वं इन्द्रं एव ávocat svā́m tanvàm índram evá (11 syllables)
- C. स्वसारः मातरिभ्वरीः अरिप्राः svásāraḥ mātaríbhvarīḥ ariprā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. हिन्वन्ति च शवसा वर्धयन्ति च hinvánti ca śávasā vardháyanti ca (12 syllables)
(evá +)
महान् (mahā́n)
great
बृहद्दिषः (br̥háddivaḥ)
Br̥ihaddiva (name)
अथर्वा (átharvā)
Atharvan (seer)
अवोचत् (ávocat)
spoke
स्वां (svā́m)
own
तन्वं (tanvàm)
body/person
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
एव (evá)
as
स्वसारः (svásāraḥ)
sisters
मातरिभ्वरीः (mātaríbhvarīḥ)
mothers
अरिप्राः (ariprā́ḥ)
spotless
हिन्वन्ति (hinvánti)
energize/move
च (ca)
and
शवसा (śávasā)
with strength
वर्धयन्ति (vardháyanti)
increase/strengthen
च (ca)
and