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Stanza 1.84.1
असा॑वि॒ सोम॑ इन्द्र ते॒ शवि॑ष्ठ धृष्ण॒वा ग॑हि | आ त्वा॑ पृणक्त्विन्द्रि॒यं रजः॒ सूर्यो॒ न र॒श्मिभिः॑ ||
ásāvi sóma indra te śáviṣṭha dhr̥ṣṇav ā́ gahi ā́ tvā pr̥ṇaktv indriyáṁ rájaḥ sū́ryo ná raśmíbhiḥ
Indra, the Soma drink is ready for you! Come, mightiest and boldest one! May your divine energy be filled, just like the sun shines with its rays!
This is a vibrant invocation to Indra! The Soma, a sacred drink, has been prepared. The poet asks Indra, the mightiest and boldest god, to come and partake. The idea is that Indra's power will be energized by this drink, just as the sun is filled with its own radiant light. It's like a cosmic energy drink for the king of the gods!
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. असा॑वि सोम॑ इन्द्र ते ásāvi sómaḥ indra te (8 syllables)
- B. शवि॑ष्ठ धृष्ण आ गहि śáviṣṭha dhr̥ṣṇo ā́ gahi (8 syllables)
- C. आ त्वा पृणक्तु इन्द्रियं ā́ tvā pr̥ṇaktu indriyám (8 syllables)
- D. रजः सूर्यः न रश्मिभिः rájaḥ sū́ryaḥ ná raśmíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
असा॑वि (ásāvi)
has been pressed/prepared
सोम॑ (sómaḥ)
Soma (a sacred plant/drink)
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (the king of gods)
ते (te)
for you
शवि॑ष्ठ (śáviṣṭha)
mightiest
धृष्ण (dhr̥ṣṇo)
bold
आ (ā́)
into
गहि (gahi)
come
आ (ā́)
into
त्वा (tvā)
you
पृणक्तु (pr̥ṇaktu)
may fill
इन्द्रियं (indriyám)
divine power/energy
रजः (rájaḥ)
atmosphere/space
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
sun
न (ná)
like
रश्मिभिः (raśmíbhiḥ)
with rays
Stanza 1.84.2
इन्द्र॒मिद्धरी॑ वह॒तोऽप्र॑तिधृष्टशवसम् | ऋषी॑णां च स्तु॒तीरुप॑ य॒ज्ञं च॒ मानु॑षाणाम् ||
índram íd dhárī vaható 'pratidhr̥ṣṭaśavasam ŕ̥ṣīṇāṁ ca stutī́r úpa yajñáṁ ca mā́nuṣāṇām
Indra's two horses are bringing him! They carry his unstoppable power towards the prayers of the sages and the sacrifices of humans.
This verse describes Indra's chariot being pulled by his swift horses. The focus is on how these horses bring Indra to where he is needed, specifically to hear the prayers and accept the offerings from both wise sages (Rishis) and ordinary people. It emphasizes Indra's responsiveness to devotion.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. इन्द्र इत् हरी वहतो índram ít hárī vahataḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अप्र॑तिधृष्टशवसम् ápratidhr̥ṣṭaśavasam (8 syllables)
- C. ऋषी॑णां च स्तु॒तीः उप ŕ̥ṣīṇām ca stutī́ḥ úpa (8 syllables)
- D. य॒ज्ञं च मानु॑षाणां yajñám ca mā́nuṣāṇām (8 syllables)
इन्द्र (índram)
Indra
इत् (ít)
indeed
हरी (hárī)
two horses
वहतो (vahataḥ)
are bringing
अप्र॑तिधृष्टशवसम् (ápratidhr̥ṣṭaśavasam)
with unstoppable power
ऋषी॑णां (ŕ̥ṣīṇām)
of the sages
च (ca)
and
स्तु॒तीः (stutī́ḥ)
praises
उप (úpa)
towards
य॒ज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice/offering
च (ca)
and
मानु॑षाणां (mā́nuṣāṇām)
of humans/mankind
Stanza 1.84.3
आ ति॑ष्ठ वृत्रह॒न्रथं॑ यु॒क्ता ते॒ ब्रह्म॑णा॒ हरी॑ | अ॒र्वा॒चीनं॒ सु ते॒ मनो॒ ग्रावा॑ कृणोतु व॒ग्नुना॑ ||
ā́ tiṣṭha vr̥trahan ráthaṁ yuktā́ te bráhmaṇā hárī arvācī́naṁ sú te máno grā́vā kr̥ṇotu vagnúnā
Indra, slayer of Vritra, get into your chariot! Your horses are yoked with sacred hymns. Turn your mind towards us and our pressing stones that are working for you!
This verse is a direct command to Indra, the slayer of Vritra, to get into his chariot. His powerful horses have already been yoked with the power of sacred hymns (Brahman). The poet is asking Indra to direct his attention and mind towards them, implying that their devotion and rituals will draw him in.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. आ ति॒ष्ठ वृत्रह॒न र॒थं ā́ tiṣṭha vr̥trahan rátham (8 syllables)
- B. यु॒क्ता ते ब्रह्म॑णा हरी yuktā́ te bráhmaṇā hárī (8 syllables)
- C. अ॒र्वा॒चीनं सु ते मनो arvācī́nam sú te mánaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. ग्रावा कृणोतु व॒ग्नुना grā́vā kr̥ṇotu vagnúnā (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
ति॒ष्ठ (tiṣṭha)
mount/stand
वृत्रह॒न (vr̥trahan)
slayer of Vritra
र॒थं (rátham)
chariot
यु॒क्ता (yuktā́)
yoked
ते (te)
your
ब्रह्म॑णा (bráhmaṇā)
by sacred hymns/prayers
हरी (hárī)
two horses
अ॒र्वा॒चीनं (arvācī́nam)
downwards/hither
सु (sú)
well
ते (te)
your
मनो (mánaḥ)
mind
ग्रावा (grā́vā)
pressing stone
कृणोतु (kr̥ṇotu)
may make/turn
व॒ग्नुना (vagnúnā)
by the sound/noise
Stanza 1.84.4
इ॒ममि॑न्द्र सु॒तं पि॑ब॒ ज्येष्ठ॒मम॑र्त्यं॒ मद॑म् | शु॒क्रस्य॑ त्वा॒भ्य॑क्षर॒न्धारा॑ ऋ॒तस्य॒ साद॑ने ||
imám indra sutám piba jyéṣṭham ámartyam mádam śukrásya tvābhy àkṣaran dhā́rā r̥tásya sā́dane
Indra, drink this best, immortal, and intoxicating Soma! Like streams flowing to the sun, may its essence come to you, here in the place of cosmic order!
The poet urges Indra to drink the freshly pressed Soma, calling it the best, immortal, and intoxicating. The verse uses a beautiful simile: just as streams of pure light flow towards the sun, so too should the essence of this Soma flow towards Indra, settling in its rightful place of cosmic order.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. इमं इन्द्र सुतं पिब imám indra sutám piba (8 syllables)
- B. ज्येष्ठं अम॑र्त्यं मद॑ jyéṣṭham ámartyam mádam (8 syllables)
- C. शुक्रस्य त्वा अभि अक्षरन् śukrásya tvā abhí akṣaran (8 syllables)
- D. धाराः ऋतस्य साद॑ने dhā́rāḥ r̥tásya sā́dane (8 syllables)
इमं (imám)
this
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
सुतं (sutám)
pressed (Soma)
पिब (piba)
drink
ज्येष्ठं (jyéṣṭham)
best/first
अम॑र्त्यं (ámartyam)
immortal
मद॑ (mádam)
intoxication/joy
शुक्रस्य (śukrásya)
of the pure/bright (Soma)
त्वा (tvā)
to you
अभि (abhí)
towards
अक्षरन् (akṣaran)
flowed
धाराः (dhā́rāḥ)
streams
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order/truth
साद॑ने (sā́dane)
in the seat/place
Stanza 1.84.5
इन्द्रा॑य नू॒नम॑र्चतो॒क्थानि॑ च ब्रवीतन | सु॒ता अ॑मत्सु॒रिन्द॑वो॒ ज्येष्ठं॑ नमस्यता॒ सहः॑ ||
índrāya nūnám arcatokthā́ni ca bravītana sutā́ amatsur índavo jyéṣṭhaṁ namasyatā sáhaḥ
Sing praises to Indra now and speak your hymns! The prepared Soma has made him happy. Revere his supreme strength!
This verse is a call to action for the worshippers! They are urged to sing praises and recite prayers to Indra right now. The Soma they have prepared has pleased him, making him glad. The final instruction is to show reverence to his supreme power and might.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. इन्द्रा॑य नू॒नं अर्चतो índrāya nūnám arcata (8 syllables)
- B. उ॒क्थानि च ब्रवीतन ukthā́ni ca bravītana (8 syllables)
- C. सुताः अम॑त्सुः इन्द॑वो sutā́ḥ amatsuḥ índavaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. ज्येष्ठं नमस्यता सहः jyéṣṭham namasyata + sáhaḥ (8 syllables)
इन्द्रा॑य (índrāya)
to Indra
नू॒नं (nūnám)
now/presently
अर्चतो (arcata)
sing praises
उ॒क्थानि (ukthā́ni)
hymns/praises
च (ca)
and
ब्रवीतन (bravītana)
speak
सुताः (sutā́ḥ)
pressed (Soma drops)
अम॑त्सुः (amatsuḥ)
became glad
इन्द॑वो (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
ज्येष्ठं (jyéṣṭham)
supreme
नमस्यता (namasyata +)
worship/bow down
सहः (sáhaḥ)
strength/power
Stanza 1.84.6
नकि॒ष्ट्वद्र॒थीत॑रो॒ हरी॒ यदि॑न्द्र॒ यच्छ॑से | नकि॒ष्ट्वानु॑ म॒ज्मना॒ नकिः॒ स्वश्व॑ आनशे ||
nákiṣ ṭvád rathī́taro hárī yád indra yáchase nákiṣ ṭvā́nu majmánā nákiḥ sváśva ānaśe
Indra, when you yoke your horses, is there any charioteer better than you? No one can match your skill, your power, or your speed!
This verse poses a rhetorical question, emphasizing Indra's unparalleled skill as a charioteer. The poet asks if anyone can match Indra when he yokes his horses. The answer is implied: no one is a better driver or faster than Indra, whether in terms of skill, divine power, or speed, especially when he has capable horses.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. नकिः त्वत् रथी॑तरः nákiḥ tvát rathī́taraḥ (8 syllables)
- B. हरी यदि इन्द्र यच्छ॑से hárī yát indra yáchase (8 syllables)
- C. नकिः त्वा अनु म॒ज्जना nákiḥ tvā ánu majmánā (8 syllables)
- D. नकिः स्वश्वः आन॑शे nákiḥ sváśvaḥ ānaśe (8 syllables)
नकिः (nákiḥ)
no one
त्वत् (tvát)
than you
रथी॑तरः (rathī́taraḥ)
better charioteer
हरी (hárī)
two horses
यदि (yát)
when
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
यच्छ॑से (yáchase)
you yoke/harness
नकिः (nákiḥ)
no one
त्वा (tvā)
you
अनु (ánu)
after/along
म॒ज्जना (majmánā)
by power/greatness
नकिः (nákiḥ)
no one
स्वश्वः (sváśvaḥ)
with good horses
आन॑शे (ānaśe)
overtook/reached
Stanza 1.84.7
य एक॒ इद्वि॒दय॑ते॒ वसु॒ मर्ता॑य दा॒शुषे॑ | ईशा॑नो॒ अप्र॑तिष्कुत॒ इन्द्रो॑ अ॒ङ्ग ||
yá éka íd vidáyate vásu mártāya dāśúṣe ī́śāno ápratiṣkuta índro aṅgá
He alone gives wealth to mortals who offer gifts! Indra is the ruler with unstoppable power!
This verse highlights Indra's unique position as the sole giver of wealth. It states that he alone bestows riches upon mortals who make offerings. Indra is portrayed as the supreme ruler, possessing irresistible power and control. This emphasizes his divine authority and generosity towards his devotees.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. यः एक इत् वि॒दय॑ते yáḥ ékaḥ ít vidáyate (8 syllables)
- B. वसु मर्ता॑य दा॒शुषे vásu mártāya dāśúṣe (8 syllables)
- C. ईशा॑नो अप्र॑तिष्कुतः ī́śānaḥ ápratiṣkutaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रो अङ्ग índraḥ aṅgá (2 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
एक (ékaḥ)
alone/one
इत् (ít)
indeed
वि॒दय॑ते (vidáyate)
gives/distributes
वसु (vásu)
wealth/treasure
मर्ता॑य (mártāya)
to a mortal
दा॒शुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the one who offers
ईशा॑नो (ī́śānaḥ)
ruler/lord
अप्र॑तिष्कुतः (ápratiṣkutaḥ)
unresisted/unhindered
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed/particle
Stanza 1.84.8
क॒दा मर्त॑मरा॒धसं॑ प॒दा क्षुम्प॑मिव स्फुरत् | क॒दा नः॑ शुश्रव॒द्गिर॒ इन्द्रो॑ अ॒ङ्ग ||
kadā́ mártam arādhásam padā́ kṣúmpam iva sphurat kadā́ naḥ śuśravad gíra índro aṅgá
When will you crush the one who doesn't offer gifts, like a weed? When will you finally hear our praises, Indra?
This verse expresses a yearning for Indra's attention. The poet asks, 'When will Indra crush the man who doesn't offer him gifts, like one might trample a weed? When will he finally hear our praises?' It's a plea for recognition and favor from the god.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. कदा मर्तं अ॒राध॑सं kadā́ mártam arādhásam (8 syllables)
- B. प॒दा क्षुम्पं इव स्फुरत् padā́ kṣúmpam iva sphurat (8 syllables)
- C. कदा नः शुश्रवद् गि॒रः kadā́ naḥ śuśravat gíraḥ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रो अङ्ग índraḥ aṅgá (2 syllables)
कदा (kadā́)
when
मर्तं (mártam)
mortal
अ॒राध॑सं (arādhásam)
one who doesn't offer gifts
प॒दा (padā́)
with a foot
क्षुम्पं (kṣúmpam)
weed/small plant
इव (iva)
like
स्फुरत् (sphurat)
trample down
कदा (kadā́)
when
नः (naḥ)
our
शुश्रवद् (śuśravat)
may hear
गि॒रः (gíraḥ)
praises/songs
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed/particle
Stanza 1.84.9
यश्चि॒द्धि त्वा॑ ब॒हुभ्य॒ आ सु॒तावाँ॑ आ॒विवा॑सति | उ॒ग्रं तत्प॑त्यते॒ शव॒ इन्द्रो॑ अ॒ङ्ग ||
yáś cid dhí tvā bahúbhya ā́ sutā́vām̐ āvívāsati ugráṁ tát patyate śáva índro aṅgá
Whoever truly worships you with prepared Soma, and honors you greatly, gains tremendous strength! Indeed, Indra's power grows!
This verse describes the power of devotion. It says that whoever worships Indra with prepared Soma, especially amidst many honors, gains immense strength. Indra's might grows significantly when he is properly honored and receives offerings. It highlights the reciprocal relationship between the devotee and the god.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. यः चि हि त्वा ब॒हुभ्यः आ yáḥ cit hí tvā bahúbhyaḥ ā́ (8 syllables)
- B. सु॒तावाँ आ॒विवा॑सति sutā́vān āvívāsati (8 syllables)
- C. उ॒ग्रं तत् पत्यते शवः ugrám tát patyate śávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रो अङ्ग índraḥ aṅgá (2 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
चि (cit)
indeed/truly
हि (hí)
indeed
त्वा (tvā)
you
ब॒हुभ्यः (bahúbhyaḥ)
from many/amidst many
आ (ā́)
towards
सु॒तावाँ (sutā́vān)
having prepared Soma
आ॒विवा॑सति (āvívāsati)
worships/honors
उ॒ग्रं (ugrám)
tremendous/fierce
तत् (tát)
that
पत्यते (patyate)
obtains/rules
शवः (śávaḥ)
strength/power
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed/particle
Stanza 1.84.10
स्वा॒दोरि॒त्था वि॑षू॒वतो॒ मध्वः॑ पिबन्ति गौ॒र्यः॑ | या इन्द्रे॑ण स॒याव॑री॒र्वृष्णा॒ मद॑न्ति शो॒भसे॒ वस्वी॒रनु॑ स्व॒राज्य॑म् ||
svādór itthā́ viṣūváto mádhvaḥ pibanti gauryàḥ yā́ índreṇa sayā́varīr vŕ̥ṣṇā mádanti śobháse vásvīr ánu svarā́jyam
The sweet Soma, spread out, is drunk by the bright beings. Close to Indra, they rejoice in splendor, embodying their own greatness!
This verse describes the Soma itself and those who enjoy it. The sweet Soma, spread out and delightful, is drunk by certain beings called 'Gauryah' (perhaps cows or divine feminine energies). These beings, who are close companions of Indra, rejoice and become splendid, embodying their own self-rule and excellence.
Meter: Pankti
- A. स्वा॒दोः इत्था विवू॑वतः svādóḥ itthā́ viṣūvátaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मध्वः पिबन्ति गौर्यः mádhvaḥ pibanti gauryàḥ (8 syllables)
- C. या इन्द्रे॑ण स॒याव॑रीः yā́ḥ índreṇa sayā́varīḥ (8 syllables)
- D. वृष्णा मद॑न्ति शो॒भसे vŕ̥ṣṇā mádanti śobháse (8 syllables)
- E. वस्वीः अनु स्व॒राज्य॑म् vásvīḥ ánu svarā́jyam (8 syllables)
स्वा॒दोः (svādóḥ)
of the sweet
इत्था (itthā́)
thus/in this way
विवू॑वतः (viṣūvátaḥ)
spread out/diffused
मध्वः (mádhvaḥ)
of the sweet liquor/essence
पिबन्ति (pibanti)
drink
गौर्यः (gauryàḥ)
bright/dappled beings (perhaps cows)
या (yā́ḥ)
who
इन्द्रे॑ण (índreṇa)
with Indra
स॒याव॑रीः (sayā́varīḥ)
closely accompanying
वृष्णा (vŕ̥ṣṇā)
with strength/vigor
मद॑न्ति (mádanti)
rejoice/are exhilarated
शो॒भसे (śobháse)
for splendor/beauty
वस्वीः (vásvīḥ)
good/excellent
अनु (ánu)
according to/following
स्व॒राज्य॑म् (svarā́jyam)
self-rule/dominion
Stanza 1.84.11
ता अ॑स्य पृशना॒युवः॒ सोमं॑ श्रीणन्ति॒ पृश्न॑यः | प्रि॒या इन्द्र॑स्य धे॒नवो॒ वज्रं॑ हिन्वन्ति॒ साय॑कं॒ वस्वी॒रनु॑ स्व॒राज्य॑म् ||
tā́ asya pr̥śanāyúvaḥ sómaṁ śrīṇanti pŕ̥śnayaḥ priyā́ índrasya dhenávo vájraṁ hinvanti sā́yakaṁ vásvīr ánu svarā́jyam
These beloved, dappled cows of Indra mix the Soma with their milk. They drive forward his mighty thunderbolt, embodying their own greatness!
This verse continues the theme of divine feminine energies (cows/Gauryah) associated with Indra. These 'dappled cows,' eager for his presence, mix the Soma with their milk. They are Indra's beloved energies that help propel his powerful thunderbolt, embodying their own self-rule and excellence.
Meter: Pankti
- A. ता अस्य पृशना॒युवः tā́ḥ asya pr̥śanāyúvaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सोमं श्रीणन्ति पृश्न॑यः sómam śrīṇanti pŕ̥śnayaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. प्रि॒याः इन्द्रस्य धे॒नवो priyā́ḥ índrasya dhenávaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. वज्रं हिन्वन्ति साय॑कं vájram hinvanti sā́yakam (8 syllables)
- E. वस्वीः अनु स्व॒राज्य॑म् vásvīḥ ánu svarā́jyam (8 syllables)
ता (tā́ḥ)
they
अस्य (asya)
his
पृशना॒युवः (pr̥śanāyúvaḥ)
eager for touch/presence
सोमं (sómam)
Soma
श्रीणन्ति (śrīṇanti)
mix/prepare
पृश्न॑यः (pŕ̥śnayaḥ)
dappled/spotted (cows)
प्रि॒याः (priyā́ḥ)
beloved
इन्द्रस्य (índrasya)
of Indra
धे॒नवो (dhenávaḥ)
milch-cows/energies
वज्रं (vájram)
thunderbolt
हिन्वन्ति (hinvanti)
propel/send forth
साय॑कं (sā́yakam)
arrow/bolt
वस्वीः (vásvīḥ)
good/excellent
अनु (ánu)
according to/following
स्व॒राज्य॑म् (svarā́jyam)
self-rule/dominion
Stanza 1.84.12
ता अ॑स्य॒ नम॑सा॒ सहः॑ सप॒र्यन्ति॒ प्रचे॑तसः | व्र॒तान्य॑स्य सश्चिरे पु॒रूणि॑ पू॒र्वचि॑त्तये॒ वस्वी॒रनु॑ स्व॒राज्य॑म् ||
tā́ asya námasā sáhaḥ saparyánti prácetasaḥ vratā́ny asya saścire purū́ṇi pūrvácittaye vásvīr ánu svarā́jyam
With reverence and wisdom, they serve his powerful might. By following his many rules, they achieve greatness, embodying their own self-rule!
This verse describes how these devoted energies ('cows') serve Indra. With reverence and great wisdom, they worship his victorious might. By following his many laws and commands, they achieve their own preeminence and excellence, embodying their self-rule.
Meter: Pankti
- A. ता अस्य नम॑सा सहः tā́ḥ asya námasā sáhaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सप॒र्यन्ति प्रचे॑तसः saparyánti prácetasaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. व्र॒तानि अस्य सश्चिरे vratā́ni asya saścire (8 syllables)
- D. पु॒रूणि पु॒र्वचि॑त्तये purū́ṇi pūrvácittaye (8 syllables)
- E. वस्वीः अनु स्व॒राज्य॑म् vásvīḥ ánu svarā́jyam (8 syllables)
ता (tā́ḥ)
they
अस्य (asya)
his
नम॑सा (námasā)
with reverence/worship
सहः (sáhaḥ)
might/power
सप॒र्यन्ति (saparyánti)
serve/worship
प्रचे॑तसः (prácetasaḥ)
wise/intelligent
व्र॒तानि (vratā́ni)
laws/vows
अस्य (asya)
his
सश्चिरे (saścire)
followed closely
पु॒रूणि (purū́ṇi)
many
पु॒र्वचि॑त्तये (pūrvácittaye)
for prior knowledge/wisdom
वस्वीः (vásvīḥ)
good/excellent
अनु (ánu)
according to/following
स्व॒राज्य॑म् (svarā́jyam)
self-rule/dominion
Stanza 1.84.13
इन्द्रो॑ दधी॒चो अ॒स्थभि॑र्वृ॒त्राण्यप्र॑तिष्कुतः | ज॒घान॑ नव॒तीर्नव॑ ||
índro dadhīcó asthábhir vr̥trā́ṇy ápratiṣkutaḥ jaghā́na navatī́r náva
Indra, the unstoppable one, using the bones of Dadhichi as his arms, killed ninety-nine Vritras!
This verse recounts a legendary feat of Indra. Using the bones of the sage Dadhīchi as his arms, the invincible Indra struck down and killed 99 Vritras (demons or obstacles). This highlights Indra's immense power and his role as a protector against evil.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इन्द्रो दधी॒चो अस्थ॑भिः índraḥ dadhīcáḥ asthábhiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. वृ॒त्राण्य अप्र॑तिष्कुतः vr̥trā́ṇi ápratiṣkutaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ज॒घान नव॒तीः नव jaghā́na navatī́ḥ náva (8 syllables)
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
दधी॒चो (dadhīcáḥ)
of Dadhichi (a sage)
अस्थ॑भिः (asthábhiḥ)
with bones
वृ॒त्राण्य (vr̥trā́ṇi)
Vritras (demons/obstacles)
अप्र॑तिष्कुतः (ápratiṣkutaḥ)
unstoppable/unhindered
ज॒घान (jaghā́na)
killed
नव॒तीः (navatī́ḥ)
ninety
नव (náva)
nine
Stanza 1.84.14
इ॒च्छन्नश्व॑स्य॒ यच्छिरः॒ पर्व॑ते॒ष्वप॑श्रितम् | तद्वि॑दच्छर्य॒णाव॑ति ||
ichánn áśvasya yác chíraḥ párvateṣv ápaśritam tád vidac charyaṇā́vati
Searching for the horse's head hidden in the mountains, he found it in Saryaṇāvant!
This verse tells a story about searching for a lost item. Indra was looking for the head of a horse that was hidden somewhere in the mountains. He eventually found it in a place called Saryaṇāvant, likely a specific location or perhaps a symbolic one related to the horse's power.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इच्छन् अश्वस्य यत् शिरः ichán áśvasya yát śíraḥ (8 syllables)
- B. पर्व॑तेषु अपश्रितम् párvateṣu ápaśritam (8 syllables)
- C. तद्वि दच्छर्य णाव॑ति tát vidat śaryaṇā́vati (8 syllables)
इच्छन् (ichán)
searching
अश्वस्य (áśvasya)
of the horse
यत् (yát)
which
शिरः (śíraḥ)
head
पर्व॑तेषु (párvateṣu)
in the mountains
अपश्रितम् (ápaśritam)
hidden/rested upon
तद्वि (tát)
that
दच्छर्य (vidat)
found
णाव॑ति (śaryaṇā́vati)
in Saryaṇāvant (a place)
Stanza 1.84.15
अत्राह॒ गोर॑मन्वत॒ नाम॒ त्वष्टु॑रपी॒च्य॑म् | इ॒त्था च॒न्द्रम॑सो गृ॒हे ||
átrā́ha gór amanvata nā́ma tváṣṭur apīcyàm itthā́ candrámaso gr̥hé
Here, they recognized the essential nature of Tvashṭar's Bull, in the home of the moon!
This verse speaks of recognition and understanding. People ('they') recognized the 'name' or essence of the 'Bull of Tvashṭar' (a creative deity or force) in a specific place, described as the 'mansion of the moon.' It suggests a moment of realization or discovery of a divine power in a hidden or symbolic location.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अत्र आह गोर अम॑न्वत átra áha góḥ amanvata (8 syllables)
- B. नाम त्वष्टुः अपी॒च्यं nā́ma tváṣṭuḥ apīcyàm (8 syllables)
- C. इत्था चन्द्रम॑सः गृ॒हे itthā́ candrámasaḥ gr̥hé (8 syllables)
अत्र (átra)
here
आह (áha)
indeed
गोर (góḥ)
of the Bull (often symbolic)
अम॑न्वत (amanvata)
recognized/understood
नाम (nā́ma)
name/essence
त्वष्टुः (tváṣṭuḥ)
of Tvashṭar (the divine craftsman)
अपी॒च्यं (apīcyàm)
hidden/secret
इत्था (itthā́)
thus
चन्द्रम॑सः (candrámasaḥ)
of the moon
गृ॒हे (gr̥hé)
in the house/mansion
Stanza 1.84.16
को अ॒द्य यु॑ङ्क्ते धु॒रि गा ऋ॒तस्य॒ शिमी॑वतो भा॒मिनो॑ दुर्हृणा॒यून् | आ॒सन्नि॑षून्हृ॒त्स्वसो॑ मयो॒भून्य ए॑षां भृ॒त्यामृ॒णध॒त्स जी॑वात् ||
kó adyá yuṅkte dhurí gā́ r̥tásya śímīvato bhāmíno durhr̥ṇāyū́n āsánniṣūn hr̥tsváso mayobhū́n yá eṣām bhr̥tyā́m r̥ṇádhat sá jīvāt
Who yokes the strong bulls to the pole of cosmic order? Who guides them with their mouths, bringing joy? Whoever richly serves them will live long!
This verse is a series of questions about who harnesses powerful beings for specific purposes. It asks who yokes the strong, passionate bulls (or steers) to the pole of 'Rta' (cosmic order), who guides them with their shaft-like mouths, who brings them joy and well-being. It concludes by asking who lives long, implying that serving these powerful forces leads to a long life.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. क अद्य यु॒ङ्क्ते धु॒रि गा ऋतस्य káḥ adyá yuṅkte dhurí gā́ḥ r̥tásya (11 syllables)
- B. शिमी॑वतः भा॒मिनो दु॒र्हृणा॒यून् śímīvataḥ bhāmínaḥ durhr̥ṇāyū́n (11 syllables)
- C. आ॒सन्नि॑षून् हृ॒त्सव॑सः मयो॒भून् āsánniṣūn hr̥tsvásaḥ mayobhū́n (11 syllables)
- D. य एषां भृ॒त्यामृ णध॒त्स स जी॒वात् yáḥ eṣām bhr̥tyā́m r̥ṇádhat sá jīvāt (11 syllables)
क (káḥ)
who
अद्य (adyá)
today
यु॒ङ्क्ते (yuṅkte)
yokes/harnesses
धु॒रि (dhurí)
to the pole/yoke
गा (gā́ḥ)
bulls/steers
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order
शिमी॑वतः (śímīvataḥ)
strong/powerful
भा॒मिनो (bhāmínaḥ)
passionate/fiery
दु॒र्हृणा॒यून् (durhr̥ṇāyū́n)
difficult to guide/restrain
आ॒सन्नि॑षून् (āsánniṣūn)
with shaft-like mouths
हृ॒त्सव॑सः (hr̥tsvásaḥ)
piercing the heart
मयो॒भून् (mayobhū́n)
causing well-being/joy
य (yáḥ)
whoever
एषां (eṣām)
of them
भृ॒त्यामृ (bhr̥tyā́m)
in service
णध॒त्स (r̥ṇádhat)
richly gives/rewards
स (sá)
he
जी॒वात् (jīvāt)
will live
Stanza 1.84.17
क ई॑षते तु॒ज्यते॒ को बि॑भाय॒ को मं॑सते॒ सन्त॒मिन्द्रं॒ को अन्ति॑ | कस्तो॒काय॒ क इभा॑यो॒त रा॒येऽधि॑ ब्रवत्त॒न्वे॒३॒॑ को जना॑य ||
ká īṣate tujyáte kó bibhāya kó maṁsate sántam índraṁ kó ánti kás tokā́ya ká íbhāyotá rāyé 'dhi bravat tanvè kó jánāya
Who flees? Who suffers? Who fears? Who perceives Indra present and near? Who blesses offspring, wealth, and people? Who speaks these truths?
This verse is a series of questions directed at Indra, probing his actions and presence. It asks who flees, who suffers, who fears, and who recognizes Indra's presence. It further questions who bestows blessings on offspring, households, wealth, and people. It's a deep inquiry into Indra's power and his relationship with humanity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. को ईषते तु॒ज्यते को बि॒भाय káḥ īṣate tujyáte káḥ bibhāya (11 syllables)
- B. को मं॑सते सन्तं इन्द्रं को अन्ति káḥ maṃsate sántam índram káḥ ánti (11 syllables)
- C. को स्तोकाय को इभा॑यो उत रा॒ये káḥ tokā́ya káḥ íbhāya utá rāyé (11 syllables)
- D. अधि ब्रवत्त तन्वे को जनाय ádhi bravat tanvè káḥ jánāya (11 syllables)
को (káḥ)
who
ईषते (īṣate)
flees/moves away
तु॒ज्यते (tujyáte)
suffers/is afflicted
को (káḥ)
who
बि॒भाय (bibhāya)
fears
को (káḥ)
who
मं॑सते (maṃsate)
perceives/thinks
सन्तं (sántam)
being present
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
को (káḥ)
who
अन्ति (ánti)
near
को (káḥ)
who
स्तोकाय (tokā́ya)
for offspring
को (káḥ)
who
इभा॑यो (íbhāya)
for household
उत (utá)
and
रा॒ये (rāyé)
for wealth
अधि (ádhi)
upon
ब्रवत्त (bravat)
speaks
तन्वे (tanvè)
for the body/person
को (káḥ)
who
जनाय (jánāya)
for the people
Stanza 1.84.18
को अ॒ग्निमी॑ट्टे ह॒विषा॑ घृ॒तेन॑ स्रु॒चा य॑जाता ऋ॒तुभि॑र्ध्रु॒वेभिः॑ | कस्मै॑ दे॒वा आ व॑हाना॒शु होम॒ को मं॑सते वी॒तिहो॑त्रः सुदे॒वः ||
kó agním īṭṭe havíṣā ghr̥téna srucā́ yajātā r̥túbhir dhruvébhiḥ kásmai devā́ ā́ vahān āśú hóma kó maṁsate vītíhotraḥ sudeváḥ
Who worships Agni with offerings and ghee? To whom do the gods bring sacrifices quickly? Which devoted offerer truly knows him?
This verse asks about the proper worship of Agni, the fire god. It questions who honors Agni with offerings, ghee, and ladle rituals at the right times. It asks to whom the gods bring offerings quickly and who, as a devout offerer favored by the gods, truly understands Agni.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. को अग्निं ईमीट्टे ह॒विषा घृ॒तेन káḥ agním īṭṭe havíṣā ghr̥téna (11 syllables)
- B. स्रु॒चा यजा॑ता ऋ॒तुभिः ध्रु॒वेभिः srucā́ yajātai r̥túbhiḥ dhruvébhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. कस्मै दे॒वा आ व॒हाना आ॒शु होम kásmai devā́ḥ ā́ vahān āśú hóma (11 syllables)
- D. को मं॑सते वी॒तिहो॑त्रः सुदे॒वः káḥ maṃsate vītíhotraḥ sudeváḥ (11 syllables)
को (káḥ)
who
अग्निं (agním)
Agni (fire god)
ईमीट्टे (īṭṭe)
honors/worships
ह॒विषा (havíṣā)
with offering
घृ॒तेन (ghr̥téna)
with ghee/clarified butter
स्रु॒चा (srucā́)
with a ladle
यजा॑ता (yajātai)
offers sacrifice
ऋ॒तुभिः (r̥túbhiḥ)
with seasons/rites
ध्रु॒वेभिः (dhruvébhiḥ)
fixed/appointed
कस्मै (kásmai)
to whom
दे॒वा (devā́ḥ)
gods
आ (ā́)
hither
व॒हाना (vahān)
may bring
आ॒शु (āśú)
quickly
होम (hóma)
offering/oblation
को (káḥ)
who
मं॑सते (maṃsate)
perceives/knows
वी॒तिहो॑त्रः (vītíhotraḥ)
one who performs sacrifices
सुदे॒वः (sudeváḥ)
truly divine/favored by gods
Stanza 1.84.19
त्वम॒ङ्ग प्र शं॑सिषो दे॒वः श॑विष्ठ॒ मर्त्य॑म् | न त्वद॒न्यो म॑घवन्नस्ति मर्डि॒तेन्द्र॒ ब्रवी॑मि ते॒ वचः॑ ||
tvám aṅgá prá śaṁsiṣo deváḥ śaviṣṭha mártyam ná tvád anyó maghavann asti marḍiténdra brávīmi te vácaḥ
You, O Mightiest Indra, as a god, truly bless mortals! There is no other comforter like you, Maghavan! I speak these words to you.
This verse is a direct address to Indra, praising his divine nature and power. The poet calls him 'Mightiest' and acknowledges that as a god, Indra blesses mortals. The poet emphatically states that there is no other comforter or protector like Indra and declares that they are speaking these words directly to him.
Meter: Brhati
- A. त्वम अङ्ग प्र शं॑सिषो tvám aṅgá prá śaṃsiṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. दे॒वः शवि॑ष्ठ मर्त्य॑ deváḥ śaviṣṭha mártyam (8 syllables)
- C. न त्वद अन्यः म॒घवन्न अस्ति मर्डि॒तेन्द्र ná tvát anyáḥ maghavan asti marḍitā́ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र ब्रवी॑मि ते व॒चः índra brávīmi te vácaḥ (8 syllables)
त्वम (tvám)
you
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed/particle
प्र (prá)
forth/clearly
शं॑सिषो (śaṃsiṣaḥ)
did praise/bless
दे॒वः (deváḥ)
god
शवि॑ष्ठ (śaviṣṭha)
mightiest
मर्त्य॑ (mártyam)
mortal
न (ná)
not
त्वद (tvát)
than you
अन्यः (anyáḥ)
other
म॒घवन्न (maghavan)
O bestow-er of gifts
अस्ति (asti)
is
मर्डि॒तेन्द्र (marḍitā́)
comforter/protector
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
ब्रवी॑मि (brávīmi)
I speak
ते (te)
to you
व॒चः (vácaḥ)
word/speech
Stanza 1.84.20
मा ते॒ राधां॑सि॒ मा त॑ ऊ॒तयो॑ वसो॒ऽस्मान्कदा॑ च॒ना द॑भन् | विश्वा॑ च न उपमिमी॒हि मा॑नुष॒ वसू॑नि चर्ष॒णिभ्य॒ आ ||
mā́ te rā́dhāṁsi mā́ ta ūtáyo vaso 'smā́n kádā canā́ dabhan víśvā ca na upamimīhí mānuṣa vásūni carṣaṇíbhya ā́
May your gifts and help never fail us, O bestower of wealth! And may you, lover of mankind, measure out all riches to us from humans!
This is a plea to Indra for continuous favor and protection. The poet asks that Indra's gifts and help never fail them, especially calling him 'Vasu' (the bestower of wealth). They also ask Indra, the lover of mankind, to measure out and send all kinds of riches to them from the human realm.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. मा ते रा॒धां*सि मा ते ऊ॒तयो वसो mā́ te rā́dhāṃsi mā́ te ūtáyaḥ vaso (12 syllables)
- B. अ॒स्मान् कदा चना द॒भन् asmā́n kádā caná + dabhan (8 syllables)
- C. विश्वा च नः उपमिमी॒हि मानु॑ष víśvā ca naḥ upamimīhí mānuṣa (12 syllables)
- D. व॒सूनि च॒र्ष॒णिभ्यः आ vásūni carṣaṇíbhyaḥ ā́ (8 syllables)
मा (mā́)
not
ते (te)
your
रा॒धां*सि (rā́dhāṃsi)
gifts/bounties
मा (mā́)
not
ते (te)
your
ऊ॒तयो (ūtáyaḥ)
helps/aids
वसो (vaso)
O bestower of wealth
अ॒स्मान् (asmā́n)
us
कदा (kádā)
ever
चना (caná +)
ever/at all
द॒भन् (dabhan)
fail/deceive
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
च (ca)
and
नः (naḥ)
to us
उपमिमी॒हि (upamimīhí)
measure out/bestow
मानु॑ष (mānuṣa)
O lover of mankind
व॒सूनि (vásūni)
riches/treasures
च॒र्ष॒णिभ्यः (carṣaṇíbhyaḥ)
from mankind/people
आ (ā́)
hither