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Stanza 1.37.1
क्री॒ळं वः॒ शर्धो॒ मारु॑तमन॒र्वाणं॑ रथे॒शुभ॑म् | कण्वा॑ अ॒भि प्र गा॑यत ||
krīḷáṁ vaḥ śárdho mā́rutam anarvā́ṇaṁ ratheśúbham káṇvā abhí prá gāyata
Oh Kanvas, sing forth to your Marut troop! They are unassailable, playful, and brilliant on their chariots. Let's sing to them!
The Kanva sages are calling out to the Maruts, a powerful group of deities. They describe the Maruts as being unassailable, playful, and shining brightly on their chariots, urging them to come forth and be praised.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. क्रीळं वः शर्धः मारुतम् krīḷám vaḥ śárdhaḥ mā́rutam (8 syllables)
- B. अनर्वाणं रथेशुभं anarvā́ṇam ratheśúbham (8 syllables)
- C. कण्वाः अभि प्र गायत káṇvāḥ abhí prá gāyata (8 syllables)
क्रीळं (krīḷám)
playful
वः (vaḥ)
your
शर्धः (śárdhaḥ)
troop, host
मारुतम् (mā́rutam)
of the Maruts
अनर्वाणं (anarvā́ṇam)
unassailable
रथेशुभं (ratheśúbham)
shining on chariots
कण्वाः (káṇvāḥ)
Kanvas (a sage clan)
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्र (prá)
forth
गायत (gāyata)
sing
Stanza 1.37.2
ये पृष॑तीभिर्ऋ॒ष्टिभिः॑ सा॒कं वाशी॑भिर॒ञ्जिभिः॑ | अजा॑यन्त॒ स्वभा॑नवः ||
yé pŕ̥ṣatībhir r̥ṣṭíbhiḥ sākáṁ vā́śībhir añjíbhiḥ ájāyanta svábhānavaḥ
They were born together, self-luminous, accompanied by spotted (clouds), spears, daggers, and brilliant energies.
This stanza describes the Maruts' birth, emphasizing their self-luminous nature. They are associated with vibrant, spotted (like clouds) imagery, and powerful weapons or energies, like spears and glittering adornments.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ये पृषतीभिः ऋष्टिभिः yé pŕ̥ṣatībhiḥ r̥ṣṭíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. साकं वाशीभिः अञ्जिभिः sākám vā́śībhiḥ añjíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अजायन्त स्वभानवः ájāyanta svábhānavaḥ (8 syllables)
ये (yé)
they who
पृषतीभिः (pŕ̥ṣatībhiḥ)
spotted (like clouds)
ऋष्टिभिः (r̥ṣṭíbhiḥ)
spears, sharp weapons
साकं (sākám)
together
वाशीभिः (vā́śībhiḥ)
daggers, sharp blades
अञ्जिभिः (añjíbhiḥ)
glittering ornaments/energies
अजायन्त (ájāyanta)
were born
स्वभानवः (svábhānavaḥ)
self-luminous
Stanza 1.37.3
इ॒हेव॑ शृण्व एषां॒ कशा॒ हस्ते॑षु॒ यद्वदा॑न् | नि याम॑ञ्चि॒त्रमृ॑ञ्जते ||
ihéva śr̥ṇva eṣāṁ káśā hásteṣu yád vádān ní yā́mañ citrám r̥ñjate
I hear their whips, almost right here, when they crack them in their hands. They gather splendor as they move along.
The speaker claims to hear the Maruts' presence nearby, specifically the crackling of their whips. This sound signifies their power and the splendor they gather as they move.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इह इव शृण्वे एषां ihá iva śr̥ṇve eṣām (8 syllables)
- B. कशाः हस्तेषु यत् वदान् káśāḥ hásteṣu yát vádān (8 syllables)
- C. नि यामं चित्रं ऋञ्जते ní yā́man citrám r̥ñjate (8 syllables)
इह (ihá)
here
इव (iva)
like, as if
शृण्वे (śr̥ṇve)
I hear
एषां (eṣām)
their
कशाः (káśāḥ)
whips
हस्तेषु (hásteṣu)
in (their) hands
यत् (yát)
when
वदान् (vádān)
they crack (whips)
नि (ní)
down
यामं (yā́man)
on the way
चित्रं (citrám)
splendor, brilliance
ऋञ्जते (r̥ñjate)
they acquire, gather
Stanza 1.37.4
प्र वः॒ शर्धा॑य॒ घृष्व॑ये त्वे॒षद्यु॑म्नाय शु॒ष्मिणे॑ | दे॒वत्तं॒ ब्रह्म॑ गायत ||
prá vaḥ śárdhāya ghŕ̥ṣvaye tveṣádyumnāya śuṣmíṇe deváttam bráhma gāyata
Sing forth the divinely given hymn to your powerful, energetic, and strong Marut host!
The Kanvas are encouraged to sing a special hymn, a 'devatted' (divinely given) song, to the Maruts. They are addressed as a powerful, energetic, and strong force, urging the singers to direct their praise towards them.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र वः शर्धाय घृष्वये prá vaḥ śárdhāya ghŕ̥ṣvaye (8 syllables)
- B. त्वेद्युम्नाय शुष्मिणे tveṣádyumnāya śuṣmíṇe (8 syllables)
- C. देवत्तं ब्रह्म गायत deváttam bráhma gāyata (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
वः (vaḥ)
your
शर्धाय (śárdhāya)
to the troop
घृष्वये (ghŕ̥ṣvaye)
vigorous, impetuous
त्वेद्युम्नाय (tveṣádyumnāya)
fiercely brilliant, powerfully resplendent
शुष्मिणे (śuṣmíṇe)
strong, powerful
देवत्तं (deváttam)
divinely given
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
hymn, prayer
गायत (gāyata)
sing
Stanza 1.37.5
प्र शं॑सा॒ गोष्वघ्न्यं॑ क्री॒ळं यच्छर्धो॒ मारु॑तम् | जम्भे॒ रस॑स्य वावृधे ||
prá śaṁsā góṣv ághnyaṁ krīḷáṁ yác chárdho mā́rutam jámbhe rásasya vāvr̥dhe
Celebrate the powerful one among the clouds! It is the Marut host; it grew as it savored the rain.
The hymn celebrates the Maruts, comparing them to a powerful bull among cows (perhaps symbolizing storm clouds). As they 'taste' the rain, their strength grows, highlighting their vital connection to the atmospheric elements.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र शंस् गोषु अघ्न्यं prá śaṃsa + góṣu ághnyam (8 syllables)
- B. क्रीळं यत् शर्धः मारुतम् krīḷám yát śárdhaḥ mā́rutam (8 syllables)
- C. जम्भे रसस्य वावृधे jámbhe rásasya vāvr̥dhe (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, praise
शंस् (śaṃsa +)
praise, celebrate
गोषु (góṣu)
among the cows (metaphor for clouds)
अघ्न्यं (ághnyam)
the un-slayable, the bull (powerful entity)
क्रीळं (krīḷám)
playful, active
यत् (yát)
which
शर्धः (śárdhaḥ)
troop, host
मारुतम् (mā́rutam)
of the Maruts
जम्भे (jámbhe)
in the mouth, in tasting
रसस्य (rásasya)
of the rain, of the liquid
वावृधे (vāvr̥dhe)
grew, strengthened
Stanza 1.37.6
को वो॒ वर्षि॑ष्ठ॒ आ न॑रो दि॒वश्च॒ ग्मश्च॑ धूतयः | यत्सी॒मन्तं॒ न धू॑नु॒थ ||
kó vo várṣiṣṭha ā́ naro diváś ca gmáś ca dhūtayaḥ yát sīm ántaṁ ná dhūnuthá
O heroes, you who shake the sky and earth, who among you is the mightiest, when you shake them like the hem of a garment?
Addressing the Maruts as 'heroes' and 'shakers of heaven and earth,' the stanza questions who among them is the mightiest. It uses a vivid image of shaking things like the hem of a garment to describe their immense power.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. कः वः वर्षिष्ठः आ नरः káḥ vaḥ várṣiṣṭhaḥ ā́ naraḥ (8 syllables)
- B. दिवः च ग्मः च धूतयः diváḥ ca gmáḥ ca dhūtayaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. यत् सीम अन्तं न धूनुथ yát sīm ántam ná dhūnuthá (8 syllables)
कः (káḥ)
who
वः (vaḥ)
among you
वर्षिष्ठः (várṣiṣṭhaḥ)
mightiest, strongest
आ (ā́)
here
नरः (naraḥ)
heroes, men
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
च (ca)
and
ग्मः (gmáḥ)
of the earth
च (ca)
and
धूतयः (dhūtayaḥ)
shakers
यत् (yát)
when
सीम (sīm)
them
अन्तं (ántam)
hem, edge
न (ná)
like
धूनुथ (dhūnuthá)
you shake
Stanza 1.37.7
नि वो॒ यामा॑य॒ मानु॑षो द॒ध्र उ॒ग्राय॑ म॒न्यवे॑ | जिही॑त॒ पर्व॑तो गि॒रिः ||
ní vo yā́māya mā́nuṣo dadhrá ugrā́ya manyáve jíhīta párvato giríḥ
As you approach, humans hold back. The rugged mountain flees from your fierce anger.
As the Maruts approach, humans feel compelled to restrain themselves, perhaps in awe or fear, before their fierce anger. Even the mountains seem to yield or flee before their power.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. नि वः यामाय मानुषः ní vaḥ yā́māya mā́nuṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. दध्रे उग्राय मन्यवे dadhré ugrā́ya manyáve (8 syllables)
- C. जिहीट पर्वतः गिरिः jíhīta párvataḥ giríḥ (8 syllables)
नि (ní)
down
वः (vaḥ)
your
यामाय (yā́māya)
at the approach
मानुषः (mā́nuṣaḥ)
human
दध्रे (dadhré)
holds himself back, restrains
उग्राय (ugrā́ya)
fierce
मन्यवे (manyáve)
to the anger, to the wrath
जिहीट (jíhīta)
flees, withdraws
पर्वतः (párvataḥ)
mountain
गिरिः (giríḥ)
mountain
Stanza 1.37.8
येषा॒मज्मे॑षु पृथि॒वी जु॑जु॒र्वाँ इ॑व वि॒श्पतिः॑ | भि॒या यामे॑षु॒ रेज॑ते ||
yéṣām ájmeṣu pr̥thivī́ jujurvā́m̐ iva viśpátiḥ bhiyā́ yā́meṣu réjate
During their movements, the earth trembles in fear, like an aged king.
The earth itself trembles in fear during the Maruts' powerful movements. This is compared to a venerable old king, showing how even the planet's foundation seems unstable in their presence.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. येषां अज्मेषु पृथि वी yéṣām ájmeṣu pr̥thivī́ (8 syllables)
- B. जुजुर्वाँ इव विश्वपतिः jujurvā́n iva viśpátiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. भिया यामेषु रेजेते bhiyā́ yā́meṣu réjate (8 syllables)
येषां (yéṣām)
whose
अज्मेषु (ájmeṣu)
in the movements, in the paths
पृथि वी (pr̥thivī́)
the earth
जुजुर्वाँ (jujurvā́n)
aged, venerable
इव (iva)
like
विश्वपतिः (viśpátiḥ)
lord of the people, king
भिया (bhiyā́)
out of fear
यामेषु (yā́meṣu)
on the paths, during the movements
रेजेते (réjate)
trembles, shakes
Stanza 1.37.9
स्थि॒रं हि जान॑मेषां॒ वयो॑ मा॒तुर्निरे॑तवे | यत्सी॒मनु॑ द्वि॒ता शवः॑ ||
sthiráṁ hí jā́nam eṣāṁ váyo mātúr níretave yát sīm ánu dvitā́ śávaḥ
Their birth is strong indeed. They have the strength to emerge from their mother, possessing abundant vigor, even twice over.
The Maruts' origin or birth is described as inherently strong. They possess immense power, symbolized by 'strength' and 'vigor,' enabling them to emerge powerfully from their 'mother' (perhaps the sky or the storm cloud).
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स्थिरं हि जानं एषां sthirám hí jā́nam eṣām (8 syllables)
- B. वयः मातुः निरेतवे váyaḥ mātúḥ níretave (8 syllables)
- C. यत् सीम अनु द्विता शवः yát sīm ánu dvitā́ śávaḥ (8 syllables)
स्थिरं (sthirám)
firm, strong
हि (hí)
indeed
जानं (jā́nam)
birth, origin
एषां (eṣām)
their
वयः (váyaḥ)
strength, power
मातुः (mātúḥ)
from the mother
निरेतवे (níretave)
to come forth, to emerge
यत् (yát)
which
सीम (sīm)
for it
अनु (ánu)
along with
द्विता (dvitā́)
twice
शवः (śávaḥ)
vigor, might
Stanza 1.37.10
उदु॒ त्ये सू॒नवो॒ गिरः॒ काष्ठा॒ अज्मे॑ष्वत्नत | वा॒श्रा अ॑भि॒ज्ञु यात॑वे ||
úd u tyé sūnávo gíraḥ kā́ṣṭhā ájmeṣv atnata vāśrā́ abhijñú yā́tave
These sons, the singers, expanded the boundaries in their movements; the cows had to wade knee-deep.
The 'Sons' (perhaps the Maruts themselves or their energies) are described as singers who expand boundaries and paths. This action seems to have a consequence, like causing cows to wade through deep water, suggesting a powerful, elemental force at play.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उद् उ त्ये सूनवः गिरः út u tyé sūnávaḥ gíraḥ (8 syllables)
- B. काष्ठाः अज्मेषु अअत नत kā́ṣṭhāḥ ájmeṣu atnata (8 syllables)
- C. वाश्राः अभिज्ञु या vāśrā́ḥ abhijñú yā́tave (8 syllables)
उद् (út)
up
उ (u)
and
त्ये (tyé)
these
सूनवः (sūnávaḥ)
sons
गिरः (gíraḥ)
songs, praises
काष्ठाः (kā́ṣṭhāḥ)
boundaries, limits
अज्मेषु (ájmeṣu)
in the movements, in the paths
अअत नत (atnata)
they stretched out, expanded
वाश्राः (vāśrā́ḥ)
cows (mooing ones)
अभिज्ञु (abhijñú)
towards
या (yā́tave)
for going, for movement
Stanza 1.37.11
त्यं चि॑द्घा दी॒र्घं पृ॒थुं मि॒हो नपा॑त॒ममृ॑ध्रम् | प्र च्या॑वयन्ति॒ याम॑भिः ||
tyáṁ cid ghā dīrghám pr̥thúm mihó nápātam ámr̥dhram prá cyāvayanti yā́mabhiḥ
They cause this long, broad, and unending rain (outpouring) to fall on their paths.
The Maruts cause a powerful, continuous 'rain' (likely a metaphor for their energetic outpouring) to fall along their paths. This rain is described as long, broad, and unending, highlighting its significant impact.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्यं चिद् घा दीर्घं पृथुं tyám cit gha + dīrghám pr̥thúm (8 syllables)
- B. मिहः नपातं अमृध्रं miháḥ nápātam ámr̥dhram (8 syllables)
- C. प्र च्यावयन्ति या भिः prá cyāvayanti yā́mabhiḥ (8 syllables)
त्यं (tyám)
that
चिद् (cit)
indeed
घा (gha +)
indeed
दीर्घं (dīrghám)
long
पृथुं (pr̥thúm)
broad, wide
मिहः (miháḥ)
of the rain (cloud-water)
नपातं (nápātam)
offspring, son (here referring to rain)
अमृध्रं (ámr̥dhram)
unceasing, not failing
प्र (prá)
down
च्यावयन्ति (cyāvayanti)
they cause to fall
या भिः (yā́mabhiḥ)
by the paths, by the movements
Stanza 1.37.12
मरु॑तो॒ यद्ध॑ वो॒ बलं॒ जनाँ॑ अचुच्यवीतन | गि॒रीँर॑चुच्यवीतन ||
máruto yád dha vo bálaṁ jánām̐ acucyavītana girī́m̐r acucyavītana
O Maruts, with the great strength that you have, you have caused people and mountains to tremble.
The stanza directly addresses the Maruts, acknowledging their immense strength. It states that they have caused both humans and mountains to tremble, emphasizing the vast scale of their power and influence.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. मरुतः यद् ह वः ब लं márutaḥ yát ha vaḥ bálam (8 syllables)
- B. जनाँ अचुच्यवीतन jánān acucyavītana (8 syllables)
- C. गिरीँ अचुच्यवीतन girī́n acucyavītana (8 syllables)
मरुतः (márutaḥ)
O Maruts
यद् (yát)
that which
ह (ha)
indeed
वः (vaḥ)
your
ब लं (bálam)
strength
जनाँ (jánān)
people
अचुच्यवीतन (acucyavītana)
you have caused to tremble/fall
गिरीँ (girī́n)
mountains
अचुच्यवीतन (acucyavītana)
you have caused to tremble/fall
Stanza 1.37.13
यद्ध॒ यान्ति॑ म॒रुतः॒ सं ह॑ ब्रुव॒तेऽध्व॒न्ना | शृ॒णोति॒ कश्चि॑देषाम् ||
yád dha yā́nti marútaḥ sáṁ ha bruvaté 'dhvann ā́ śr̥ṇóti káś cid eṣām
As the Maruts move along, they talk together on their way. Does anyone hear them?
As the Maruts travel together, they engage in conversation amongst themselves. The stanza poses a rhetorical question, implying that their divine nature and powerful presence make their words incomprehensible or inaudible to ordinary beings.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यद् ह यान्ति मरुतः yát ha yā́nti marútaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सं ह ब्रुवते अध्वन आ sám ha bruvate ádhvan ā́ (8 syllables)
- C. शृणोति कः चिद् एषां śr̥ṇóti káḥ cit eṣām (8 syllables)
यद् (yát)
as
ह (ha)
indeed
यान्ति (yā́nti)
they go, they move
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
the Maruts
सं (sám)
together
ह (ha)
indeed
ब्रुवते (bruvate)
they speak
अध्वन (ádhvan)
on the path, on the way
आ (ā́)
up
शृणोति (śr̥ṇóti)
hears
कः (káḥ)
who
चिद् (cit)
anyone
एषां (eṣām)
of them
Stanza 1.37.14
प्र या॑त॒ शीभ॑मा॒शुभिः॒ सन्ति॒ कण्वे॑षु वो॒ दुवः॑ | तत्रो॒ षु मा॑दयाध्वै ||
prá yāta śī́bham āśúbhiḥ sánti káṇveṣu vo dúvaḥ tátro ṣú mādayādhvai
Come quickly with your swift steeds! There are worshippers for you among the Kanvas; may you rejoice there!
The hymn urges the Maruts to arrive quickly, promising them that the Kanva worshippers are ready and eager to welcome and celebrate them. It's an invitation for joy and divine communion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र यात शीभं आशुभिः prá yāta śī́bham āśúbhiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सन्ति कण्वे षु वः दुवः sánti káṇveṣu vaḥ dúvaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तत्र उ सु मादया ध वै tátra u sú mādayādhvai (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
यात (yāta)
come
शीभं (śī́bham)
swiftly, quickly
आशुभिः (āśúbhiḥ)
with swift ones (steeds)
सन्ति (sánti)
there are
कण्वे षु (káṇveṣu)
among the Kanvas
वः (vaḥ)
for you
दुवः (dúvaḥ)
worshippers, services
तत्र (tátra)
there
उ (u)
indeed
सु (sú)
well, truly
मादया ध वै (mādayādhvai)
may you rejoice
Stanza 1.37.15
अस्ति॒ हि ष्मा॒ मदा॑य वः॒ स्मसि॑ ष्मा व॒यमे॑षाम् | विश्वं॑ चि॒दायु॑र्जी॒वसे॑ ||
ásti hí ṣmā mádāya vaḥ smási ṣmā vayám eṣām víśvaṁ cid ā́yur jīváse
Indeed, there is (reason/capacity) for your joy. We are truly their servants, so that we may live our whole lives.
This stanza expresses the speaker's devotion and commitment to the Maruts. They affirm that there is ample reason for the Maruts' joy and that they themselves are dedicated servants, wishing to live their entire lives in service and devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अस्ति हि स्म मदाय वः ásti hí sma + mádāya vaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. स्मसि स्म वयं एषां smási sma + vayám eṣām (8 syllables)
- C. विश्वं चिद् आयुः víśvam cit ā́yuḥ jīváse (8 syllables)
अस्ति (ásti)
there is
हि (hí)
indeed
स्म (sma +)
indeed
मदाय (mádāya)
for rejoicing, for delight
वः (vaḥ)
for you
स्मसि (smási)
we are
स्म (sma +)
indeed
वयं (vayám)
we
एषां (eṣām)
their
विश्वं (víśvam)
entire, whole
चिद् (cit)
even
आयुः (ā́yuḥ)
life
(jīváse)
for living