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Stanza 9.71.1
आ दक्षि॑णा सृज्यते शु॒ष्म्या॒३॒॑सदं॒ वेति॑ द्रु॒हो र॒क्षसः॑ पाति॒ जागृ॑विः | हरि॑रोप॒शं कृ॑णुते॒ नभ॒स्पय॑ उप॒स्तिरे॑ च॒म्वो॒३॒॑र्ब्रह्म॑ नि॒र्णिजे॑ ||
ā́ dákṣiṇā sr̥jyate śuṣmy āā̀sádaṁ véti druhó rakṣásaḥ pāti jā́gr̥viḥ hárir opaśáṁ kr̥ṇute nábhas páya upastíre camvòr bráhma nirṇíje
A gift is given, and the powerful one (Soma) takes his seat. Ever-watchful, he protects from demons and evil. He adorns himself with the sky as his headdress and milk as his garment; prayer is his ceremonial robe.
This verse describes Soma, a divine being, being offered a gift (dakṣiṇā) and establishing his seat. He is depicted as vigilant, protecting against evil beings. Soma adorns himself with the sky as his crown and milk as his covering, while prayer (brahman) serves as his ceremonial robe. This imagery highlights Soma's divine nature and his role as a protector and recipient of offerings.
Meter: Jagati
- A. आ दक्षिणा सृज्यते शुष्मी आसदं ā́ dákṣiṇā sr̥jyate śuṣmī́ āsádam (12 syllables)
- B. वेति द्रुहः रक्षसः पाति जागृविः véti druháḥ rakṣásaḥ pāti jā́gr̥viḥ (12 syllables)
- C. हरिः उपशं कृणुते नभः पयः háriḥ opaśám kr̥ṇute nábhaḥ páyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. उपस्तिरे चम्वोः ब्रह्म निर्णिजे upastíre camvòḥ bráhma nirṇíje (12 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
दक्षिणा (dákṣiṇā)
gift, offering
सृज्यते (sr̥jyate)
is bestowed, is released
शुष्मी (śuṣmī́)
powerful one, Soma
आसदं (āsádam)
to sit, to settle
वेति (véti)
goes, moves
द्रुहः (druháḥ)
harmful beings, demons
रक्षसः (rakṣásaḥ)
from demons, from evil spirits
पाति (pāti)
protects
जागृविः (jā́gr̥viḥ)
ever-vigilant, watchful
हरिः (háriḥ)
golden, tawny, Soma
उपशं (opaśám)
covering, garment
कृणुते (kr̥ṇute)
makes for himself, adorns
नभः (nábhaḥ)
sky, heavens
पयः (páyaḥ)
milk
उपस्तिरे (upastíre)
in the two worlds
चम्वोः (camvòḥ)
in the two vessels
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
prayer, sacred utterance
निर्णिजे (nirṇíje)
as a robe, for cleansing
Stanza 9.71.2
प्र कृ॑ष्टि॒हेव॑ शू॒ष ए॑ति॒ रोरु॑वदसु॒र्यं१॒॑ वर्णं॒ नि रि॑णीते अस्य॒ तम् | जहा॑ति व॒व्रिं पि॒तुरे॑ति निष्कृ॒तमु॑प॒प्रुतं॑ कृणुते नि॒र्णिजं॒ तना॑ ||
prá kr̥ṣṭihéva śūṣá eti róruvad asuryàṁ várṇaṁ ní riṇīte asya tám jáhāti vavrím pitúr eti niṣkr̥tám upaprútaṁ kr̥ṇute nirṇíjaṁ tánā
He comes forth powerfully, roaring like one who destroys foes. He sheds his Asura-like color; he abandons his covering and seeks his father's presence. He creates for himself a new, bright garment.
This stanza portrays Soma as a powerful, roaring entity, akin to a warrior who vanquishes enemies. He sheds his previous 'Asuric' (demonic) form or color and discards his covering. He then seeks his father's presence or domain, adopting a new, brilliant form or robe. This suggests a transformation and purification of Soma.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र कृष्टiheव इव शूष एति रोरुवत् prá kr̥ṣṭihā́ iva śūṣáḥ eti róruvat (12 syllables)
- B. असुर्यं वर्णं नि रिणीते अस्य तम् asuryàm várṇam ní riṇīte asya tám (12 syllables)
- C. जहाति वव्रिं पितुः एति निष्कृतं jáhāti vavrím pitúḥ eti niṣkr̥tám (12 syllables)
- D. उपप्रुतं कृणुते निर्णिजं तना upaprútam kr̥ṇute nirṇíjam tánā (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
कृष्टiheव (kr̥ṣṭihā́)
destroyer of people, foe
इव (iva)
like, as
शूष (śūṣáḥ)
strength, might
एति (eti)
goes, comes
रोरुवत् (róruvat)
roaring, shouting
असुर्यं (asuryàm)
demon-like, Asuric
वर्णं (várṇam)
color, hue
नि (ní)
down
रिणीते (riṇīte)
lets flow, sheds
अस्य (asya)
his
तम् (tám)
that
जहाति (jáhāti)
abandons, leaves
वव्रिं (vavrím)
covering, shroud
पितुः (pitúḥ)
father's
एति (eti)
goes, comes
निष्कृतं (niṣkr̥tám)
joining, union
उपप्रुतं (upaprútam)
approaching, reaching
कृणुते (kr̥ṇute)
makes for himself
निर्णिजं (nirṇíjam)
bright garment, robe
तना (tánā)
by means of that
Stanza 9.71.3
अद्रि॑भिः सु॒तः प॑वते॒ गभ॑स्त्योर्वृषा॒यते॒ नभ॑सा॒ वेप॑ते म॒ती | स मो॑दते॒ नस॑ते॒ साध॑ते गि॒रा ने॑नि॒क्ते अ॒प्सु यज॑ते॒ परी॑मणि ||
ádribhiḥ sutáḥ pavate gábhastyor vr̥ṣāyáte nábhasā vépate matī́ sá modate násate sā́dhate girā́ nenikté apsú yájate párīmaṇi
Pressed out by stones, he flows into the hands and becomes potent. He moves with the sky and trembles with inspiration. He rejoices and draws near, achieving his goal with song. He bathes in waters and is worshipped in his dwelling.
This stanza describes Soma, pressed out by stones, flowing into the hands and becoming energetic. It moves with the sky and trembles with thought or inspiration. Soma rejoices, approaches, and achieves its purpose through song, cleansing itself in waters and being worshipped. This paints a picture of Soma's dynamic and divine transformation.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अद्रिभिः सुतः पवते गभस्त्योः ádribhiḥ sutáḥ pavate gábhastyoḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वृषायते नभसा वेपते मती vr̥ṣāyáte nábhasā vépate matī́ (12 syllables)
- C. स मोदते नसते साधते गिरा sá modate násate sā́dhate girā́ (12 syllables)
- D. नेनिके अप्सु यजते परीमणि nenikté apsú yájate párīmaṇi (12 syllables)
अद्रिभिः (ádribhiḥ)
by stones
सुतः (sutáḥ)
pressed out, extracted
पवते (pavate)
flows, moves
गभस्त्योः (gábhastyoḥ)
in the hands
वृषायते (vr̥ṣāyáte)
becomes powerful, invigorated
नभसा (nábhasā)
with the sky
वेपते (vépate)
trembles, quivers
मती (matī́)
with thought, inspiration
स (sá)
he
मोदते (modate)
rejoices
नसते (násate)
approaches, nears
साधते (sā́dhate)
achieves, accomplishes
गिरा (girā́)
with song, with praise
नेनिके (nenikté)
cleanses himself
अप्सु (apsú)
in the waters
यजते (yájate)
is worshipped, sacrifices
परीमणि (párīmaṇi)
in the surrounding dwelling
Stanza 9.71.4
परि॑ द्यु॒क्षं सह॑सः पर्वता॒वृधं॒ मध्वः॑ सिञ्चन्ति ह॒र्म्यस्य॑ स॒क्षणि॑म् | आ यस्मि॒न्गावः॑ सुहु॒ताद॒ ऊध॑नि मू॒र्धञ्छ्री॒णन्त्य॑ग्रि॒यं वरी॑मभिः ||
pári dyukṣáṁ sáhasaḥ parvatāvŕ̥dham mádhvaḥ siñcanti harmyásya sakṣáṇim ā́ yásmin gā́vaḥ suhutā́da ū́dhani mūrdháñ chrīṇánty agriyáṁ várīmabhiḥ
They pour around the lord of the house, the celestial strengthener of the mountain. In his uplifted udder, cows mix their finest milk, which nourishes him.
This verse speaks of Soma being poured around the 'master of the house' (potentially a deity or the sacrificial fire) who strengthens the mountains and provides power. Cows' milk is mixed into his form in his uplifted udder, suggesting a divine nourishment and integration of earthly elements into the celestial Soma.
Meter: Jagati
- A. परि द्युक्षं सहसः पर्वतावृधं pári dyukṣám sáhasaḥ parvatāvŕ̥dham (12 syllables)
- B. मध्वः सिञ्चन्ति हर्म्यस्य सक्षणिम् mádhvaḥ siñcanti harmyásya sakṣáṇim (12 syllables)
- C. आ यस्मिन् गावः सुहुतादः ऊधनि ā́ yásmin gā́vaḥ suhutā́daḥ ū́dhani (12 syllables)
- D. मूर्धन् श्रीणन्ति अग्रियं वरीमभिः mūrdhán śrīṇánti agriyám várīmabhiḥ (12 syllables)
परि (pári)
around
द्युक्षं (dyukṣám)
radiant, lord
सहसः (sáhasaḥ)
of strength, power
पर्वतावृधं (parvatāvŕ̥dham)
strengthener of mountains
मध्वः (mádhvaḥ)
of honey, sweetness (here, milk)
सिञ्चन्ति (siñcanti)
they pour
हर्म्यस्य (harmyásya)
of the house, dwelling
सक्षणिम् (sakṣáṇim)
companion, helper
आ (ā́)
up
यस्मिन् (yásmin)
in whom
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
सुहुतादः (suhutā́daḥ)
who has consumed the offering
ऊधनि (ū́dhani)
in the udder
मूर्धन् (mūrdhán)
in the head, in the top part
श्रीणन्ति (śrīṇánti)
they mix, they flow
अग्रियं (agriyám)
foremost, best
वरीमभिः (várīmabhiḥ)
with coverings, with layers
Stanza 9.71.5
समी॒ रथं॒ न भु॒रिजो॑रहेषत॒ दश॒ स्वसा॑रो॒ अदि॑तेरु॒पस्थ॒ आ | जिगा॒दुप॑ ज्रयति॒ गोर॑पी॒च्यं॑ प॒दं यद॑स्य म॒तुथा॒ अजी॑जनन् ||
sám ī ráthaṁ ná bhuríjor aheṣata dáśa svásāro áditer upástha ā́ jígād úpa jrayati gór apīcyàm padáṁ yád asya matúthā ájījanan
The ten sisters, on the lap of Aditi, have sent him forward like a chariot. He approaches the mysterious place of the Cow, which has been produced by their (human) inventions.
This verse describes ten 'sisters' (possibly rays of light or flowing streams) sending Soma forward like a chariot. They are in the lap of Aditi (the infinite mother goddess). Soma then moves near and approaches the 'Cow's mysterious place,' which is revealed to be produced by human ingenuity or creation. This implies Soma's origin and connection to divine and human efforts.
Meter: Jagati
- A. समी इ रथं न भुजिजौः अहेषत sám ī rátham ná bhuríjoḥ aheṣata (12 syllables)
- B. दश स्वसारः अदितेः उपस्थे आ dáśa svásāraḥ áditeḥ upásthe ā́ (12 syllables)
- C. जिगाद उप ज्रयति गोर अपीच्यं jígāt úpa jrayati góḥ apīcyàm (12 syllables)
- D. पदं यत् अस्य मतुथा अजीजनन् padám yát asya matúthāḥ ájījanan (12 syllables)
समी (sám)
together
इ (ī)
particle
रथं (rátham)
chariot
न (ná)
like, as
भुजिजौः (bhuríjoḥ)
of the two arms
अहेषत (aheṣata)
they sent forth
दश (dáśa)
ten
स्वसारः (svásāraḥ)
sisters
अदितेः (áditeḥ)
of Aditi
उपस्थे (upásthe)
in the lap, in the presence
आ (ā́)
up
जिगाद (jígāt)
comes, arrives
उप (úpa)
near
ज्रयति (jrayati)
approaches, draws near
गोर (góḥ)
of the cow
अपीच्यं (apīcyàm)
hidden, secret, mysterious
पदं (padám)
place, step
यत् (yát)
which
अस्य (asya)
its
मतुथा (matúthāḥ)
inventions, creations
अजीजनन् (ájījanan)
they produced, they created
Stanza 9.71.6
श्ये॒नो न योनिं॒ सद॑नं धि॒या कृ॒तं हि॑र॒ण्यय॑मा॒सदं॑ दे॒व एष॑ति | ए रि॑णन्ति ब॒र्हिषि॑ प्रि॒यं गि॒राश्वो॒ न दे॒वाँ अप्ये॑ति य॒ज्ञियः॑ ||
śyenó ná yóniṁ sádanaṁ dhiyā́ kr̥táṁ hiraṇyáyam āsádaṁ devá éṣati é riṇanti barhíṣi priyáṁ girā́śvo ná devā́m̐ ápy eti yajñíyaḥ
Like a falcon to its nest, the God (Soma) goes to his golden, wisely-fashioned resting place. Urged by song and praise to the sacred grass, the holy one approaches the gods like a courser.
This verse compares Soma to a falcon returning to its nest, moving towards its golden, divinely-crafted resting place. It is described as being urged by praise and song towards the sacred grass of sacrifice. The 'holy one' then proceeds like a swift horse towards the gods, highlighting Soma's divine movement and connection to worship.
Meter: Jagati
- A. श्येनः न योन सदं धिया कृतं śyenáḥ ná yónim sádanam dhiyā́ kr̥tám (12 syllables)
- B. हिरण्ययं आसदं देव आ एषति hiraṇyáyam āsádam deváḥ ā́ īṣati (12 syllables)
- C. आ ई रिणन्ति बर्हिषि प्रियं गिरा ā́ ī riṇanti barhíṣi priyám girā́ (12 syllables)
- D. अश्वः न देवान अप्ये एति यज्ञियः áśvaḥ ná devā́n ápi eti yajñíyaḥ (12 syllables)
श्येनः (śyenáḥ)
falcon
न (ná)
like, as
योन (yónim)
home, nest, place
सदं (sádanam)
dwelling, seat
धिया (dhiyā́)
by wisdom, by craft
कृतं (kr̥tám)
made, fashioned
हिरण्ययं (hiraṇyáyam)
golden
आसदं (āsádam)
to sit, to rest
देव (deváḥ)
god
आ (ā́)
towards
एषति (īṣati)
moves, goes
आ (ā́)
towards
ई (ī)
particle
रिणन्ति (riṇanti)
they urge, they impel
बर्हिषि (barhíṣi)
on the sacred grass
प्रियं (priyám)
beloved, dear
गिरा (girā́)
with song
अश्वः (áśvaḥ)
horse
न (ná)
like, as
देवान (devā́n)
to the gods
अप्ये (ápi)
towards, also
एति (eti)
goes, comes
यज्ञियः (yajñíyaḥ)
holy, worthy of sacrifice
Stanza 9.71.7
परा॒ व्य॑क्तो अरु॒षो दि॒वः क॒विर्वृषा॑ त्रिपृ॒ष्ठो अ॑नविष्ट॒ गा अ॒भि | स॒हस्र॑णीति॒र्यतिः॑ परा॒यती॑ रे॒भो न पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॒ वि रा॑जति ||
párā vyàkto aruṣó diváḥ kavír vŕ̥ṣā tripr̥ṣṭhó anaviṣṭa gā́ abhí sahásraṇītir yátiḥ parāyátī rebhó ná pūrvī́r uṣáso ví rājati
The bright, red seer, the powerful bull, has moved away from heaven. He has sung to the cows. With thousandfold guidance, the performer of rites moves forward, shining brightly through the dawns like a singer.
This verse describes Soma, radiant and red, as a wise seer who has moved away from the divine realm ('far from heaven'). He is a powerful bull who has sung to the cows. With his many guiding powers, this performer of rites moves onward, shining brightly through the dawns like a singer. This emphasizes Soma's multifaceted nature as a seer, protector, and performer of sacred actions.
Meter: Jagati
- A. परा व्यक्तो अरुषः दिवः कविः párā vyàktaḥ aruṣáḥ diváḥ kavíḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वृषा त्रिपृष्ठो अनवीष्ट गाः अभि vŕ̥ṣā tripr̥ṣṭháḥ anaviṣṭa gā́ḥ abhí (12 syllables)
- C. सहस्रणीतिः यतिः परायती sahásraṇītiḥ yátiḥ parāyátiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. रेभो न पूर्वीं उषसः वि राजति rebháḥ ná pūrvī́ḥ uṣásaḥ ví rājati (12 syllables)
परा (párā)
away
व्यक्तो (vyàktaḥ)
manifested, shining
अरुषः (aruṣáḥ)
red, bright
दिवः (diváḥ)
from heaven
कविः (kavíḥ)
seer, poet, wise one
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
bull, strong one
त्रिपृष्ठो (tripr̥ṣṭháḥ)
having three backs, triple-layered
अनवीष्ट (anaviṣṭa)
sang to
गाः (gā́ḥ)
cows
अभि (abhí)
towards
सहस्रणीतिः (sahásraṇītiḥ)
with thousandfold guidance
यतिः (yátiḥ)
goer, performer of rites
परायती (parāyátiḥ)
moving forward, advancing
रेभो (rebháḥ)
singer, praiser
न (ná)
like, as
पूर्वीं (pūrvī́ḥ)
many, former
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
dawns
वि (ví)
apart, forth
राजति (rājati)
shines, reigns
Stanza 9.71.8
त्वे॒षं रू॒पं कृ॑णुते॒ वर्णो॑ अस्य॒ स यत्राश॑य॒त्समृ॑ता॒ सेध॑ति स्रि॒धः | अ॒प्सा या॑ति स्व॒धया॒ दैव्यं॒ जनं॒ सं सु॑ष्टु॒ती नस॑ते॒ सं गोअ॑ग्रया ||
tveṣáṁ rūpáṁ kr̥ṇute várṇo asya sá yátrā́śayat sámr̥tā sédhati sridháḥ apsā́ yāti svadháyā daívyaṁ jánaṁ sáṁ suṣṭutī́ násate sáṁ góagrayā
He makes his form and color radiant. Where he lies down, he drives away the foes. The winner of waters moves with divine power towards the heavenly people. He draws near to praise, accompanied by the best cows.
This verse describes Soma transforming his appearance into a radiant form and color. Where he lies down, he drives away the opposing forces ('the foe'). As the 'winner of floods' (a title for Soma), he moves with divine power ('svadha') towards the heavenly beings ('daivyam janam'). He draws near to praise, accompanied by the best of cows, signifying his divine nourishment and acceptance.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वेषं रूपं कृणुते वर्णो अस्य स tveṣám rūpám kr̥ṇute várṇaḥ asya sá (12 syllables)
- B. यत्रा आशंयत् समृता सेधति स्रिधः yátra áśayat sámr̥tā sédhati sridháḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अप्सा याति स्वधया दैव्यं जनं apsā́ḥ yāti svadháyā daívyam jánam (12 syllables)
- D. सं सुष्टुती नसते सं गोअग्रया sám suṣṭutī́ násate sám góagrayā (12 syllables)
त्वेषं (tveṣám)
radiant, brilliant
रूपं (rūpám)
form, appearance
कृणुते (kr̥ṇute)
makes for himself
वर्णो (várṇaḥ)
color, hue
अस्य (asya)
his
स (sá)
he
यत्रा (yátra)
where
आशंयत् (áśayat)
he lay, he rested
समृता (sámr̥tā)
in the battle, in the contest
सेधति (sédhati)
drives away, conquers
स्रिधः (sridháḥ)
foes, opponents
अप्सा (apsā́ḥ)
winner of waters, Soma
याति (yāti)
goes, moves
स्वधया (svadháyā)
by his own power, by sustenance
दैव्यं (daívyam)
divine
जनं (jánam)
people, company
सं (sám)
with
सुष्टुती (suṣṭutī́)
with good praise
नसते (násate)
draws near, approaches
सं (sám)
with
गोअग्रया (góagrayā)
with the best cows, with cow-leading
Stanza 9.71.9
उ॒क्षेव॑ यू॒था प॑रि॒यन्न॑रावी॒दधि॒ त्विषी॑रधित॒ सूर्य॑स्य | दि॒व्यः सु॑प॒र्णोऽव॑ चक्षत॒ क्षां सोमः॒ परि॒ क्रतु॑ना पश्यते॒ जाः ||
ukṣéva yūthā́ pariyánn arāvīd ádhi tvíṣīr adhita sū́ryasya divyáḥ suparṇó 'va cakṣata kṣā́ṁ sómaḥ pári krátunā paśyate jā́ḥ
Like a bull roaming with the herds, he bellows. He has assumed the radiance of the Sun. The heavenly Falcon has looked down upon the earth; Soma observes all living beings with wisdom.
This verse likens Soma to a bull roaming among herds, bellowing. He has taken on the brilliance of the sun. The heavenly Falcon (Soma) has looked down upon the earth, and with wisdom ('kratuna'), Soma observes all living beings. This highlights Soma's omnipresence, power, and wisdom in perceiving the world.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उक्षेव इव यूथा परियन्न अरावीत् ukṣā́ iva yūthā́ pariyán arāvīt (11 syllables)
- B. अधि त्वीषी अधित सूर्यस्य ádhi tvíṣīḥ adhita sū́ryasya (11 syllables)
- C. दिव्यः सुपर्णो अव चक्षत क्षां divyáḥ suparṇáḥ áva cakṣata kṣā́m (11 syllables)
- D. सोमः परि क्रतुना पश्यते जाः sómaḥ pári krátunā paśyate jā́ḥ (11 syllables)
उक्षेव (ukṣā́)
bull
इव (iva)
like, as
यूथा (yūthā́)
herds
परियन्न (pariyán)
going around, roaming
अरावीत् (arāvīt)
he bellowed
अधि (ádhi)
upon
त्वीषी (tvíṣīḥ)
radiance, brilliance
अधित (adhita)
has assumed, has taken
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
दिव्यः (divyáḥ)
heavenly, divine
सुपर्णो (suparṇáḥ)
bird with beautiful wings, Falcon (Soma)
अव (áva)
down
चक्षत (cakṣata)
looked, beheld
क्षां (kṣā́m)
earth
सोमः (sómaḥ)
Soma
परि (pári)
around, completely
क्रतुना (krátunā)
with wisdom, with power
पश्यते (paśyate)
sees, beholds
जाः (jā́ḥ)
beings, creatures