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Stanza 8.6.1
म॒हाँ इन्द्रो॒ य ओज॑सा प॒र्जन्यो॑ वृष्टि॒माँ इ॑व | स्तोमै॑र्व॒त्सस्य॑ वावृधे ||
mahā́m̐ índro yá ójasā parjányo vr̥ṣṭimā́m̐ iva stómair vatsásya vāvr̥dhe
Great Indra, who, with his might, like Parjanya with rain, has grown through Vatsa's praises.
This hymn praises Indra, highlighting his immense power, comparing it to the life-giving rain of Parjanya. The poet, Vatsa, emphasizes that his hymns have magnified Indra, showing the power of devotion and praise in strengthening the divine.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. महाँ इन्द्रः यः ओजसा mahā́n índraḥ yáḥ ójasā (8 syllables)
- B. पर्जन्यः वृष्टिमाँ इव parjányaḥ vr̥ṣṭimā́n iva (8 syllables)
- C. स्तोमॅः वत्सस्य वावृधे stómaiḥ vatsásya vāvr̥dhe (8 syllables)
महाँ (mahā́n)
great
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
यः (yáḥ)
who
ओजसा (ójasā)
by might, by strength
पर्जन्यः (parjányaḥ)
Parjanya (the rain god)
वृष्टिमाँ (vr̥ṣṭimā́n)
rain-rich, bestowing rain
इव (iva)
like, as
स्तोमॅः (stómaiḥ)
by hymns, by praises
वत्सस्य (vatsásya)
of Vatsa
वावृधे (vāvr̥dhe)
grew, increased, was magnified
Stanza 8.6.2
प्र॒जामृ॒तस्य॒ पिप्र॑तः॒ प्र यद्भर॑न्त॒ वह्न॑यः | विप्रा॑ ऋ॒तस्य॒ वाह॑सा ||
prajā́m r̥tásya píprataḥ prá yád bháranta váhnayaḥ víprā r̥tásya vā́hasā
When the wise ones, strengthening the offspring of cosmic order, advance and offer, the carriers, with the energy of truth.
This verse describes how divine beings or priests, referred to as 'Vipras' (wise ones) and 'Vahnayaḥ' (carriers/offering bearers), sustain and nourish the 'Prajā' (offspring or creation) of 'Rta' (cosmic order or truth). They do this by offering prayers and actions that uphold this order, moving with divine energy.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्रजाम् ऋतस्य पिप्रतः prajā́m r̥tásya píprataḥ (8 syllables)
- B. प्र यत् भरन्त वह्नयः prá yát bháranta váhnayaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. विप्राः ऋतस्य वाहसा víprāḥ r̥tásya vā́hasā (8 syllables)
प्रजाम् (prajā́m)
offspring, progeny
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order, of truth
पिप्रतः (píprataḥ)
filling, nourishing, strengthening
प्र (prá)
forward
यत् (yát)
which, when
भरन्त (bháranta)
offering, carrying
वह्नयः (váhnayaḥ)
carriers, bearers (of offerings)
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
wise ones, sages, inspired ones
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order, of truth
वाहसा (vā́hasā)
by energy, by carrying
Stanza 8.6.3
कण्वा॒ इन्द्रं॒ यदक्र॑त॒ स्तोमै॑र्य॒ज्ञस्य॒ साध॑नम् | जा॒मि ब्रु॑वत॒ आयु॑धम् ||
káṇvā índraṁ yád ákrata stómair yajñásya sā́dhanam jāmí bruvata ā́yudham
Since the Kanvas, with hymns, made Indra complete the sacrifice; their words are their weapons.
The hymn celebrates the Kanva sages who, through their profound hymns and sacrifices ('stoma'), have empowered Indra to complete his tasks. It metaphorically states that their words and prayers are their effective weapons, capable of achieving divine objectives.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. कण्वाः इन्द्रम् यत् अक्रत káṇvāḥ índram yát ákrata (8 syllables)
- B. स्तोमॅः यज्ञस्य साधनम् stómaiḥ yajñásya sā́dhanam (8 syllables)
- C. जामि ब्रुवते आयुधम् jāmí bruvate ā́yudham (8 syllables)
कण्वाः (káṇvāḥ)
Kanvas (a sage-family)
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
यत् (yát)
when, since
अक्रत (ákrata)
made, accomplished
स्तोमॅः (stómaiḥ)
by hymns, by praises
यज्ञस्य (yajñásya)
of the sacrifice
साधनम् (sā́dhanam)
completion, accomplishment, means
जामि (jāmí)
related, kindred (here, implying intrinsic)
ब्रुवते (bruvate)
they say, they speak
आयुधम् (ā́yudham)
weapon, instrument
Stanza 8.6.4
सम॑स्य म॒न्यवे॒ विशो॒ विश्वा॑ नमन्त कृ॒ष्टयः॑ | स॒मु॒द्राये॑व॒ सिन्ध॑वः ||
sám asya manyáve víśo víśvā namanta kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ samudrā́yeva síndhavaḥ
Before his mighty wrath, all communities and peoples bowed down, like rivers to the ocean.
This verse depicts the overwhelming power and awe-inspiring presence of Indra. All communities and peoples ('viśo', 'kr̥ṣṭayaḥ') submit to his mighty will and anger ('manyu'), much like rivers flow towards and merge into the vast ocean ('samudra').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. सम् अस्य मन्यवे विशः sám asya manyáve víśaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. विश्वाः नमन्त कृष्टयः víśvāḥ namanta kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. समुद्राय इव सिन्धवः samudrā́ya iva síndhavaḥ (8 syllables)
सम् (sám)
together, with
अस्य (asya)
his
मन्यवे (manyáve)
to his anger, to his will
विशः (víśaḥ)
people, communities
विश्वाः (víśvāḥ)
all
नमन्त (namanta)
bowed down, submitted
कृष्टयः (kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ)
peoples, mankind
समुद्राय (samudrā́ya)
to the ocean
इव (iva)
like, as
सिन्धवः (síndhavaḥ)
rivers
Stanza 8.6.5
ओज॒स्तद॑स्य तित्विष उ॒भे यत्स॒मव॑र्तयत् | इन्द्र॒श्चर्मे॑व॒ रोद॑सी ||
ójas tád asya titviṣa ubhé yád samávartayat índraś cármeva ródasī
His power shone, when Indra brought together the two great realms (heaven and earth) like a skin.
Indra's immense power ('ojas') shone forth brilliantly when he united the two great realms of heaven and earth ('rodasi') together, described as if he wrapped them like a skin. This act demonstrates his cosmic organizing ability.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ओजः तत् अस्य तित्विषे ójaḥ tát asya titviṣe (8 syllables)
- B. उभे यत् समव॑र्तयत् ubhé yát samávartayat (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रः चर्म इव रोदसी índraḥ cárma iva ródasī (8 syllables)
ओजः (ójaḥ)
power, might, energy
तत् (tát)
that
अस्य (asya)
his
तित्विषे (titviṣe)
shone, gleamed
उभे (ubhé)
both
यत् (yát)
when
समव॑र्तयत् (samávartayat)
brought together, caused to turn
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
चर्म (cárma)
skin
इव (iva)
like, as
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth
Stanza 8.6.6
वि चि॑द्वृ॒त्रस्य॒ दोध॑तो॒ वज्रे॑ण श॒तप॑र्वणा | शिरो॑ बिभेद वृ॒ष्णिना॑ ||
ví cid vr̥trásya dódhato vájreṇa śatáparvaṇā śíro bibheda vr̥ṣṇínā
With his hundred-knotted thunderbolt, Indra struck and severed the head of the moving Vr̥itra.
This verse describes Indra's fierce act of striking down Vr̥itra, a symbolic representation of chaos or obstruction. Indra used his powerful, multi-knotted thunderbolt ('vajra') to sever Vr̥itra's head, demonstrating his role as a cosmic warrior who overcomes evil.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. वि चिद् वृत्रस्य दो_धतः ví cit vr̥trásya dódhataḥ (8 syllables)
- B. वज्रॅण शतपर्वणा vájreṇa śatáparvaṇā (8 syllables)
- C. शिरः बिभेद वृष्णिना śíraḥ bibheda vr̥ṣṇínā (8 syllables)
वि (ví)
apart, asunder
चिद् (cit)
indeed, surely
वृत्रस्य (vr̥trásya)
of Vr̥itra (a demon)
दो_धतः (dódhataḥ)
moving, shaking
वज्रॅण (vájreṇa)
with the thunderbolt
शतपर्वणा (śatáparvaṇā)
with the hundred-knotted
शिरः (śíraḥ)
head
बिभेद (bibheda)
split, clove, severed
वृष्णिना (vr̥ṣṇínā)
with strength, powerfully
Stanza 8.6.7
इ॒मा अ॒भि प्र णो॑नुमो वि॒पामग्रे॑षु धी॒तयः॑ | अ॒ग्नेः शो॒चिर्न दि॒द्युतः॑ ||
imā́ abhí prá ṇonumo vipā́m ágreṣu dhītáyaḥ agnéḥ śocír ná didyútaḥ
We proclaim these inspired thoughts, shining forth like Agni's flame, among the foremost praises.
The poets ('Vipra') are presenting their inspired thoughts ('dhitayaḥ') towards Indra, proclaiming them loudly. These thoughts are described as shining brightly like lightning, illuminating the path of Rta (cosmic order), comparable to the intense radiance of Agni (fire).
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इमाः अभि प्र णो_नुमो imā́ḥ abhí prá nonumaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. विपाम् अग्रेषु धीतयः vipā́m ágreṣu dhītáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अग्नेः शोचिः न दिद्युतः agnéḥ śocíḥ ná didyútaḥ (8 syllables)
इमाः (imā́ḥ)
these
अभि (abhí)
towards, upon
प्र (prá)
forward
णो_नुमो (nonumaḥ)
we praise, we sing
विपाम् (vipā́m)
of the wise, of the inspired
अग्रेषु (ágreṣu)
in the foremost, in the best
धीतयः (dhītáyaḥ)
thoughts, inspirations
अग्नेः (agnéḥ)
of Agni (fire)
शोचिः (śocíḥ)
radiance, brightness
न (ná)
like, as
दिद्युतः (didyútaḥ)
lightnings, flashes
Stanza 8.6.8
गुहा॑ स॒तीरुप॒ त्मना॒ प्र यच्छोच॑न्त धी॒तयः॑ | कण्वा॑ ऋ॒तस्य॒ धार॑या ||
gúhā satī́r úpa tmánā prá yác chócanta dhītáyaḥ káṇvā r̥tásya dhā́rayā
The thoughts, shining forth by themselves, advance with the flow of cosmic order, like the Kanvas.
The wise thoughts ('dhitayaḥ') of the Kanvas, though perhaps hidden initially, emerge and shine brightly ('śocanta') with their own inner power ('tmanā'). They are presented as advancing and flowing forth, nourished by the essence of Rta (cosmic order), like a stream.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. गुहा सतीः उप त्मना gúhā satī́ḥ úpa tmánā (8 syllables)
- B. प्र यत् शोचन्त धीतयः prá yát śócanta dhītáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. कण्वाः ऋतस्य धारया káṇvāḥ r̥tásya dhā́rayā (8 syllables)
गुहा (gúhā)
hidden, in secret
सतीः (satī́ḥ)
being, existing
उप (úpa)
towards, upon
त्मना (tmánā)
by oneself, by one's own power
प्र (prá)
forward
यत् (yát)
when
शोचन्त (śócanta)
shining, glowing
धीतयः (dhītáyaḥ)
thoughts, inspirations
कण्वाः (káṇvāḥ)
Kanvas (a sage-family)
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order, of truth
धारया (dhā́rayā)
by the stream, by the flow
Stanza 8.6.9
प्र तमि॑न्द्र नशीमहि र॒यिं गोम॑न्तम॒श्विन॑म् | प्र ब्रह्म॑ पू॒र्वचि॑त्तये ||
prá tám indra naśīmahi rayíṁ gómantam aśvínam prá bráhma pūrvácittaye
Indra, may we obtain that wealth, rich in cattle and horses, and the prayer for prior wisdom.
The poet appeals to Indra, the Lord of wealth, asking to obtain desirable riches ('rayi') characterized by abundance of cows ('gomantam') and horses ('aśvinam'). They also pray for spiritual wealth ('brahma') that is recognized and beneficial for their understanding and contemplation.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र तम् इन्द्र नशीमहि prá tám indra naśīmahi (8 syllables)
- B. रयिम् गोमन्तम् अश्विनम् rayím gómantam aśvínam (8 syllables)
- C. प्र ब्रह्म पूर्वचित्तये prá bráhma pūrvácittaye (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
तम् (tám)
that
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
नशीमहि (naśīmahi)
may we obtain, may we attain
रयिम् (rayím)
wealth, riches
गोमन्तम् (gómantam)
possessing cows
अश्विनम् (aśvínam)
possessing horses
प्र (prá)
forward
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
prayer, devotion, sacred knowledge
पूर्वचित्तये (pūrvácittaye)
for prior wisdom, for the first understanding
Stanza 8.6.10
अ॒हमिद्धि पि॒तुष्परि॑ मे॒धामृ॒तस्य॑ ज॒ग्रभ॑ | अ॒हं सूर्य॑ इवाजनि ||
ahám íd dhí pitúṣ pári medhā́m r̥tásya jagrábha aháṁ sū́rya ivājani
I received the wisdom of Rta from my Father; I was born like the Sun.
The poet declares that he has received profound understanding ('medha') of cosmic truth ('rta') from his fatherly source. This enlightenment is so significant that he compares his own birth or realization to the brilliance and generative power of the Sun.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अहम् इत् हि पितुः परि ahám ít hí pitúḥ pári (8 syllables)
- B. मेधाम् ऋतस्य जग्राष्ट medhā́m r̥tásya jagrábha (8 syllables)
- C. अहम् सूर्यः इव अजनि ahám sū́ryaḥ iva ajani (8 syllables)
अहम् (ahám)
I
इत् (ít)
indeed
हि (hí)
certainly, indeed
पितुः (pitúḥ)
from the father
परि (pári)
around, from
मेधाम् (medhā́m)
wisdom, intellect
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order, of truth
जग्राष्ट (jagrábha)
grasped, seized, obtained
अहम् (ahám)
I
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
the Sun
इव (iva)
like, as
अजनि (ajani)
was born, came into being
Stanza 8.6.11
अ॒हं प्र॒त्नेन॒ मन्म॑ना॒ गिरः॑ शुम्भामि कण्व॒वत् | येनेन्द्रः॒ शुष्म॒मिद्द॒धे ||
ahám pratnéna mánmanā gíraḥ śumbhāmi kaṇvavát yénéndraḥ śúṣmam íd dadhé
With ancient wisdom and thought, like Kanva, I adorn these hymns, by which Indra himself gained strength.
The poet asserts his ability to adorn and perfect sacred songs ('giraḥ') with ancient wisdom ('pratnena') and deep thought ('manmanā'), emulating the skill of Kanva. He implies that this creative act of enhancing the hymns also strengthens Indra himself.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अहम् प्रत्नेन मन्मना ahám pratnéna mánmanā (8 syllables)
- B. गिरः शुम्भामि कण्ववत् gíraḥ śumbhāmi kaṇvavát (8 syllables)
- C. येन इन्द्रः शुष्मम् इद् दधे yéna índraḥ śúṣmam ít dadhé (8 syllables)
अहम् (ahám)
I
प्रत्नेन (pratnéna)
with the ancient
मन्मना (mánmanā)
with thought, with meditation
गिरः (gíraḥ)
hymns, praises
शुम्भामि (śumbhāmi)
I adorn, I make beautiful
कण्ववत् (kaṇvavát)
like Kanva
येन (yéna)
by which
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
शुष्मम् (śúṣmam)
strength, vigor
इद् (ít)
indeed
दधे (dadhé)
obtained, acquired, possessed
Stanza 8.6.12
ये त्वामि॑न्द्र॒ न तु॑ष्टु॒वुर्ऋष॑यो॒ ये च॑ तुष्टु॒वुः | ममेद्व॑र्धस्व॒ सुष्टु॑तः ||
yé tvā́m indra ná tuṣṭuvúr ŕ̥ṣayo yé ca tuṣṭuvúḥ máméd vardhasva súṣṭutaḥ
Indra, whether sages have praised you or not, by my praise, become stronger.
This verse addresses Indra directly, acknowledging that some sages ('r̥ṣayaḥ') may not have praised him, while others have. The poet then humbly asks Indra to grow stronger, particularly through the praise offered by the speaker ('mama'), implying that sincere praise is a powerful force for divine growth.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ये त्वाम् इन्द्र न तुष्टुवुः yé tvā́m indra ná tuṣṭuvúḥ (8 syllables)
- B. ऋषयः ये च तुष्टुवुः ŕ̥ṣayaḥ yé ca tuṣṭuvúḥ (8 syllables)
- C. मम इद् वर्धस्व सुष्टुतः máma ít vardhasva súṣṭutaḥ (8 syllables)
ये (yé)
whoever, whatever
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
न (ná)
not
तुष्टुवुः (tuṣṭuvúḥ)
have praised
ऋषयः (ŕ̥ṣayaḥ)
sages, seers
ये (yé)
whoever, whatever
च (ca)
and
तुष्टुवुः (tuṣṭuvúḥ)
have praised
मम (máma)
my
इद् (ít)
indeed
वर्धस्व (vardhasva)
grow strong, increase
सुष्टुतः (súṣṭutaḥ)
well praised
Stanza 8.6.13
यद॑स्य म॒न्युरध्व॑नी॒द्वि वृ॒त्रं प॑र्व॒शो रु॒जन् | अ॒पः स॑मु॒द्रमैर॑यत् ||
yád asya manyúr ádhvanīd ví vr̥trám parvaśó ruján apáḥ samudrám aírayat
When his anger roared, he broke Vr̥itra into pieces and sent the waters to the ocean.
This verse recounts Indra's powerful actions, specifically when his fierce anger ('manyu') resonated and he violently shattered Vr̥itra into pieces. After this act of destruction, Indra directed the released waters ('apah') towards the ocean ('samudram'), symbolizing the restoration of cosmic flow.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यत् अस्य मन्युः अध्वनीत् yát asya manyúḥ ádhvanīt (8 syllables)
- B. वि वृत्रम् पर्वशस् रुजन् ví vr̥trám parvaśás ruján (8 syllables)
- C. अपः समुद्रम् ऐरयत् apáḥ samudrám aírayat (8 syllables)
यत् (yát)
when
अस्य (asya)
his
मन्युः (manyúḥ)
anger, wrath
अध्वनीत् (ádhvanīt)
roared, resounded
वि (ví)
apart, asunder
वृत्रम् (vr̥trám)
Vr̥itra (a demon)
पर्वशस् (parvaśás)
limb by limb, joint by joint
रुजन् (ruján)
breaking, shattering
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
समुद्रम् (samudrám)
to the ocean
ऐरयत् (aírayat)
caused to move, sent forth
Stanza 8.6.14
नि शुष्ण॑ इन्द्र धर्ण॒सिं वज्रं॑ जघन्थ॒ दस्य॑वि | वृषा॒ ह्यु॑ग्र शृण्वि॒षे ||
ní śúṣṇa indra dharṇasíṁ vájraṁ jaghantha dásyavi vŕ̥ṣā hy ùgra śr̥ṇviṣé
Indra, you struck down Śuṣṇa with the thunderbolt among the Dasyus; hero, you are heard of.
This verse addresses Indra, acknowledging his power and might. It states that he struck down Śuṣṇa (another obstructing force) with his formidable thunderbolt ('vajra') while in the realm of the Dasyus. Indra is recognized as a powerful hero ('vrsā') and his fame ('śr̥ṇviṣe') is widely known.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. नि शुष्णे इन्द्र धर्णसिम् ní śúṣṇe indra dharṇasím (8 syllables)
- B. वज्रम् जघन्थ दस्यवि vájram jaghantha dásyavi (8 syllables)
- C. वृषा हि उग्र शृण्विषे vŕ̥ṣā hí ugra śr̥ṇviṣé (8 syllables)
नि (ní)
down
शुष्णे (śúṣṇe)
Śuṣṇa (a demon)
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
धर्णसिम् (dharṇasím)
swift, powerful (applied to vajra)
वज्रम् (vájram)
thunderbolt
जघन्थ (jaghantha)
you struck down, you killed
दस्यवि (dásyavi)
among the Dasyus (enemies of the gods)
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
hero, strong one
हि (hí)
indeed, certainly
उग्र (ugra)
terrible, mighty
शृण्विषे (śr̥ṇviṣé)
you are heard
Stanza 8.6.15
न द्याव॒ इन्द्र॒मोज॑सा॒ नान्तरि॑क्षाणि व॒ज्रिण॑म् | न वि॑व्यचन्त॒ भूम॑यः ||
ná dyā́va índram ójasā nā́ntárikṣāṇi vajríṇam ná vivyacanta bhū́mayaḥ
Neither the heavens, nor the sky, nor the earths contain Indra, the mighty thunderer, with his power.
This verse emphasizes Indra's unparalleled and boundless might. Neither the vast heavens ('dyāvah'), the intermediate sky ('antarikṣāṇi'), nor the wide earth ('bhūmayaḥ') can contain or restrain him, the thunderer ('vajriṇam'), in his energetic power ('ojasā').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. न द्यावः इन्द्रम् ओजसा ná dyā́vaḥ índram ójasā (8 syllables)
- B. न अन्तरिक्षाणि वज्रिणम् ná antárikṣāṇi vajríṇam (8 syllables)
- C. न विव्यचन्त भूमयः ná vivyacanta bhū́mayaḥ (8 syllables)
न (ná)
nor
द्यावः (dyā́vaḥ)
heavens
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
ओजसा (ójasā)
with might, with power
न (ná)
nor
अन्तरिक्षाणि (antárikṣāṇi)
the spaces between, the atmosphere
वज्रिणम् (vajríṇam)
wielder of the thunderbolt
न (ná)
nor
विव्यचन्त (vivyacanta)
contain, encompass, surround
भूमयः (bhū́mayaḥ)
earths, lands
Stanza 8.6.16
यस्त॑ इन्द्र म॒हीर॒पः स्त॑भू॒यमा॑न॒ आश॑यत् | नि तं पद्या॑सु शिश्नथः ||
yás ta indra mahī́r apá stabhūyámāna ā́śayat ní tám pádyāsu śiśnathaḥ
O Indra, you struck down him who was holding back the great waters, in his own steps.
This verse recounts Indra's decisive action against an adversary who was holding back the copious waters ('mahīḥ apaḥ'). Indra, striking the enemy down in his own tracks ('padyāsu'), ensured the waters could flow freely, demonstrating his role in releasing life-sustaining resources.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यः ते इन्द्र महीः अपः yáḥ te indra mahī́ḥ apáḥ (8 syllables)
- B. स्तभ्यूयमानः आ आ_शयत stabhūyámānaḥ ā́ áśayat (8 syllables)
- C. नि तम् पद्यासु शिश्नथः ní tám pádyāsu śiśnathaḥ (8 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
ते (te)
your
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
महीः (mahī́ḥ)
great, abundant
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
स्तभ्यूयमानः (stabhūyámānaḥ)
holding back, obstructing
आ (ā́)
down
आ_शयत (áśayat)
lay, was resting
नि (ní)
down
तम् (tám)
him
पद्यासु (pádyāsu)
in the footsteps
शिश्नथः (śiśnathaḥ)
you struck down, you smote
Stanza 8.6.17
य इ॒मे रोद॑सी म॒ही स॑मी॒ची स॒मज॑ग्रभीत् | तमो॑भिरिन्द्र॒ तं गु॑हः ||
yá imé ródasī mahī́ samīcī́ samájagrabhīt támobhir indra táṁ guhaḥ
You united these two great realms (heaven and earth); Indra, you hid that one in darkness.
This verse highlights Indra's formidable power in uniting the vast heaven and earth ('rodasi'). The poet asks Indra to conceal or reveal himself amidst darkness ('tamobhiḥ'), suggesting Indra's mastery over all cosmic conditions and realms, having brought these great expanses together.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यः इमे रोदसी मही yáḥ imé ródasī mahī́ (8 syllables)
- B. समीची समजग्रभीत् samīcī́ samájagrabhīt (8 syllables)
- C. तमॉभिः इन्द्र तम् गुहः támobhiḥ indra tám guhaḥ (8 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
इमे (imé)
these
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth
मही (mahī́)
great
समीची (samīcī́)
conjoined, united
समजग्रभीत् (samájagrabhīt)
grasped together, united
तमॉभिः (támobhiḥ)
with darkness
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
तम् (tám)
him, that
गुहः (guhaḥ)
you hide, you conceal
Stanza 8.6.18
य इ॑न्द्र॒ यत॑यस्त्वा॒ भृग॑वो॒ ये च॑ तुष्टु॒वुः | ममेदु॑ग्र श्रुधी॒ हव॑म् ||
yá indra yátayas tvā bhŕ̥gavo yé ca tuṣṭuvúḥ máméd ugra śrudhī hávam
Indra, whether Yatis and Bhrigus praised you or not, mighty one, listen to my call.
The poet addresses Indra, acknowledging that both Yatis and Bhrigus, sages known for their spiritual practices, have praised him. The poet then implores the mighty Indra to listen ('śrudhi') to his call ('havam') for assistance, emphasizing Indra's role as a divine listener.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ये इन्द्र यतयः त्वा yé indra yátayaḥ tvā (8 syllables)
- B. भृगवः ये च तुष्टुवुः bhŕ̥gavaḥ yé ca tuṣṭuvúḥ (8 syllables)
- C. मम इद् उग्र श्रुधि हवम् máma ít ugra śrudhi + hávam (8 syllables)
ये (yé)
and who
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
यतयः (yátayaḥ)
Yatis (a group of sages)
त्वा (tvā)
you
भृगवः (bhŕ̥gavaḥ)
Bhrigus (a priestly clan)
ये (yé)
and who
च (ca)
and
तुष्टुवुः (tuṣṭuvúḥ)
have praised
मम (máma)
my
इद् (ít)
indeed
उग्र (ugra)
mighty, terrible
श्रुधि (śrudhi +)
listen!
हवम् (hávam)
call, invocation
Stanza 8.6.19
इ॒मास्त॑ इन्द्र॒ पृश्न॑यो घृ॒तं दु॑हत आ॒शिर॑म् | ए॒नामृ॒तस्य॑ पि॒प्युषीः॑ ||
imā́s ta indra pŕ̥śnayo ghr̥táṁ duhata āśíram enā́m r̥tásya pipyúṣīḥ
Indra, these spotted cows yield their butter and milk-rich essence, filling them with Rta's fullness.
The poet addresses Indra, stating that spotted cows ('prśnayaḥ'), symbolizing abundance and nourishment, yield their essence – butter ('ghr̥tam') and milk-rich offerings ('āśiram') – for him. These offerings are described as fulfilling ('pipyuṣīḥ') the requirements of Rta (cosmic order), sustaining the divine.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इमाः ते इन्द्र पृश्नयः imā́ḥ te indra pŕ̥śnayaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. घृतम् दुहते आशिरम् ghr̥tám duhate āśíram (8 syllables)
- C. एनाम् ऋतस्य पिपीषीः enā́m r̥tásya pipyúṣīḥ (8 syllables)
इमाः (imā́ḥ)
these
ते (te)
for you
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
पृश्नयः (pŕ̥śnayaḥ)
spotted, colorful (cows)
घृतम् (ghr̥tám)
clarified butter, ghee
दुहते (duhate)
yield, milk
आशिरम् (āśíram)
milk-product, rich in milk
एनाम् (enā́m)
them
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order, of truth
पिपीषीः (pipyúṣīḥ)
filling, abundant
Stanza 8.6.20
या इ॑न्द्र प्र॒स्व॑स्त्वा॒सा गर्भ॒मच॑क्रिरन् | परि॒ धर्मे॑व॒ सूर्य॑म् ||
yā́ indra prasvàs tvāsā́ gárbham ácakriran pári dhármeva sū́ryam
Which, like the Sun with its nature, have conceived you as a life-germ in their mouths.
The verse describes how various entities ('yāḥ'), representing life-giving forces, have conceived Indra ('garbham') within themselves like a seed. This conception occurs through their 'mouths' ('āsā') and is sustained by their inherent nature ('dharmam'), similar to how the Sun ('sūryam') upholds the cosmic order.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. याः इन्द्र प्रसवः त्वा yā́ḥ indra prasvàḥ tvā (8 syllables)
- B. आसा गर्भम् अचक्रिरन् āsā́ gárbham ácakriran (8 syllables)
- C. परि धर्म इव सूर्यम् pári dhárma iva sū́ryam (8 syllables)
याः (yā́ḥ)
which (feminine plural)
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
प्रसवः (prasvàḥ)
births, productions, life-giving forces
त्वा (tvā)
you
आसा (āsā́)
by the mouth
गर्भम् (gárbham)
embryo, seed, germ
अचक्रिरन् (ácakriran)
made, formed, conceived
परि (pári)
around, within
धर्म (dhárma)
nature, order, essential quality
इव (iva)
like, as
सूर्यम् (sū́ryam)
the Sun
Stanza 8.6.21
त्वामिच्छ॑वसस्पते॒ कण्वा॑ उ॒क्थेन॑ वावृधुः | त्वां सु॒तास॒ इन्द॑वः ||
tvā́m íc chavasas pate káṇvā ukthéna vāvr̥dhuḥ tvā́ṁ sutā́sa índavaḥ
O Lord of Might, Indra, the Kanvas have increased you with hymns; the Soma drops have also strengthened you.
The poet addresses Indra as the 'Lord of Might' ('śavasaḥ pate'), stating that the Kanva sages have increased his power through their hymns ('ukthena'). Additionally, the libated Soma juices ('sutāsaḥ indavaḥ') also contribute to strengthening and enhancing Indra's prowess.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वाम् इत् शवसः पते tvā́m ít śavasaḥ pate (8 syllables)
- B. कण्वाः उक्थेन वावृधुः káṇvāḥ ukthéna vāvr̥dhuḥ (8 syllables)
- C. त्वाम् सुतासः इन्दवः tvā́m sutā́saḥ índavaḥ (8 syllables)
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
इत् (ít)
indeed
शवसः (śavasaḥ)
of might, of strength
पते (pate)
O lord
कण्वाः (káṇvāḥ)
Kanvas (a sage-family)
उक्थेन (ukthéna)
with hymns, with praise
वावृधुः (vāvr̥dhuḥ)
they have increased, they have strengthened
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
सुतासः (sutā́saḥ)
pressed out, libated (Soma)
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
drops (of Soma)
Stanza 8.6.22
तवेदि॑न्द्र॒ प्रणी॑तिषू॒त प्रश॑स्तिरद्रिवः | य॒ज्ञो वि॑तन्त॒साय्यः॑ ||
távéd indra práṇītiṣūtá práśastir adrivaḥ yajñó vitantasā́yyaḥ
Under your guidance and praise, O wielder of the thunderbolt Indra, the sacrifice will be successfully performed.
The poet addresses Indra as 'Adrivaḥ' (wielder of the thunderbolt), stating that under his guidance ('praṇītiṣu') and praise ('praśastiḥ'), the sacrifice ('yajñaḥ') will be effectively performed ('vitantasāyyah'). This implies Indra's crucial role in the proper execution and completion of rituals.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तव इद् इन्द्र प्रणीतिषु táva ít indra práṇītiṣu (8 syllables)
- B. उत प्रशस्तिः अद्रिवः utá práśastiḥ adrivaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. यज्ञः वितन्तसा_य्यः yajñáḥ vitantasā́yyaḥ (8 syllables)
तव (táva)
your
इद् (ít)
indeed
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
प्रणीतिषु (práṇītiṣu)
in guidance, in leadership
उत (utá)
and also
प्रशस्तिः (práśastiḥ)
praise, commendation
अद्रिवः (adrivaḥ)
O wielder of the thunderbolt
यज्ञः (yajñáḥ)
sacrifice
वितन्तसा_य्यः (vitantasā́yyaḥ)
to be performed extensively, well-spread
Stanza 8.6.23
आ न॑ इन्द्र म॒हीमिषं॒ पुरं॒ न द॑र्षि॒ गोम॑तीम् | उ॒त प्र॒जां सु॒वीर्य॑म् ||
ā́ na indra mahī́m íṣam púraṁ ná darṣi gómatīm utá prajā́ṁ suvī́ryam
Indra, reveal to us abundant food, like a stronghold rich in cows, and also progeny and heroic strength.
The poet requests Indra to reveal ('darṣi') abundant food ('mahīm iṣam') for them, like a well-protected stronghold ('puram') full of cows ('gomati'). They also pray for progeny ('prajām') and heroic strength ('suvīryam'), highlighting Indra's role as a provider of material and vital blessings.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ नः इन्द्र महीम् ईशम् ā́ naḥ indra mahī́m íṣam (8 syllables)
- B. पुरम् न दर्शि गोमतीम् púram ná darṣi gómatīm (8 syllables)
- C. उत प्रजाम् सुवीर्यम् utá prajā́m suvī́ryam (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
नः (naḥ)
to us
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
महीम् (mahī́m)
great, abundant
ईशम् (íṣam)
food, nourishment
पुरम् (púram)
stronghold, city
न (ná)
like, as
दर्शि (darṣi)
you reveal, you show
गोमतीम् (gómatīm)
rich in cows
उत (utá)
and also
प्रजाम् (prajā́m)
progeny, offspring
सुवीर्यम् (suvī́ryam)
heroic strength, valor
Stanza 8.6.24
उ॒त त्यदा॒श्वश्व्यं॒ यदि॑न्द्र॒ नाहु॑षी॒ष्वा | अग्रे॑ वि॒क्षु प्र॒दीद॑यत् ||
utá tyád āśváśvyaṁ yád indra nā́huṣīṣv ā́ ágre vikṣú pradī́dayat
And Indra, grant that wealth of swift horses, which formerly shone among the Nahushas and peoples.
The poet asks Indra to grant them the wealth of swift steeds ('āśvaśvyam') that formerly shone brightly ('pradīdayat') among the people of Nahusha ('nāhuṣīṣu') and within communities ('vikṣu'). This request highlights Indra's association with wealth, speed, and historical prosperity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उत त्यत् आश्वश्व्यम् utá tyát āśváśvyam (8 syllables)
- B. यत् इन्द्र नाहुषीषु आ yát indra nā́huṣīṣu ā́ (8 syllables)
- C. अग्रे विक्षु प्रदीदयत् ágre vikṣú pradī́dayat (8 syllables)
उत (utá)
and
त्यत् (tyát)
that
आश्वश्व्यम् (āśváśvyam)
wealth of horses
यत् (yát)
which
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
नाहुषीषु (nā́huṣīṣu)
among the Nahushas (a royal lineage)
आ (ā́)
in
अग्रे (ágre)
in front, formerly
विक्षु (vikṣú)
among peoples, among settlements
प्रदीदयत् (pradī́dayat)
shone brightly, illumined
Stanza 8.6.25
अ॒भि व्र॒जं न त॑त्निषे॒ सूर॑ उपा॒कच॑क्षसम् | यदि॑न्द्र मृ॒ळया॑सि नः ||
abhí vrajáṁ ná tatniṣe sū́ra upākácakṣasam yád indra mr̥ḷáyāsi naḥ
You approach like the Sun, covering the expanse; may Indra be gracious to us.
The poet describes how Indra appears to draw near, like a shining Sun ('sūraḥ') covering the expanse ('vrajam'). This divine presence is welcomed when Indra shows kindness ('mr̥ḷayāsi') towards them, indicating that Indra's favour is sought and appreciated.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अभि व्रजम् न ततनिषे abhí vrajám ná tatniṣe (8 syllables)
- B. सूरः उपा_कच_क्षसम् sū́raḥ upākácakṣasam (8 syllables)
- C. यत् इन्द्र मृळयासि नः yát indra mr̥ḷáyāsi naḥ (9 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
towards
व्रजम् (vrajám)
expanse, pasture
न (ná)
like, as
ततनिषे (tatniṣe)
you spread out, you stretched
सूरः (sū́raḥ)
Sun
उपा_कच_क्षसम् (upākácakṣasam)
visible, appearing before the eyes
यत् (yát)
when
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
मृळयासि (mr̥ḷáyāsi)
you show favour, you are gracious
नः (naḥ)
to us
Stanza 8.6.26
यद॒ङ्ग त॑विषी॒यस॒ इन्द्र॑ प्र॒राज॑सि क्षि॒तीः | म॒हाँ अ॑पा॒र ओज॑सा ||
yád aṅgá taviṣīyása índra prarā́jasi kṣitī́ḥ mahā́m̐ apārá ójasā
When you exert your great power, Indra, you rule over peoples, mighty and boundless in strength.
This verse praises Indra's immense and unbounded power ('apāraḥ ojasā'). It states that when he exerts his strength ('taviṣīyase'), he governs ('prarā́jasi') all peoples ('kṣitīḥ'), establishing his supreme and limitless might in the universe.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यत् अङ्ग तविषी_यसे yát aṅgá taviṣīyáse (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र प्रराजसि क्षितीः índra prarā́jasi kṣitī́ḥ (8 syllables)
- C. महाँ अपारः ओजसा mahā́n apāráḥ ójasā (8 syllables)
यत् (yát)
when
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed, truly
तविषी_यसे (taviṣīyáse)
you become strong, you exert power
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
प्रराजसि (prarā́jasi)
you rule, you reign
क्षितीः (kṣitī́ḥ)
peoples, lands
महाँ (mahā́n)
great
अपारः (apāráḥ)
limitless, boundless
ओजसा (ójasā)
with might, with power
Stanza 8.6.27
तं त्वा॑ ह॒विष्म॑ती॒र्विश॒ उप॑ ब्रुवत ऊ॒तये॑ | उ॒रु॒ज्रय॑स॒मिन्दु॑भिः ||
táṁ tvā havíṣmatīr víśa úpa bruvata ūtáye urujráyasam índubhiḥ
The communities bringing offerings call upon you, Indra, for help, mighty one, with Soma drops.
The communities ('viśaḥ') who bring offerings ('havismatiḥ') call upon Indra ('upabruvate') for help ('ūtaye'). They invoke him, the one who is vast and powerful ('urujrayasam'), strengthened by Soma drops ('indubhiḥ'), recognizing his ability to provide succor.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तम् त्वा हविष्मतीः विशः tám tvā havíṣmatīḥ víśaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. उप ब्रुवते ऊतये úpa bruvate ūtáye (8 syllables)
- C. उरुज्रयसम् इन्दुभिः urujráyasam índubhiḥ (8 syllables)
तम् (tám)
him
त्वा (tvā)
you
हविष्मतीः (havíṣmatīḥ)
bringing oblations
विशः (víśaḥ)
people, communities
उप (úpa)
towards
ब्रुवते (bruvate)
they call
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for help, for protection
उरुज्रयसम् (urujráyasam)
vast, conquering, all-pervading
इन्दुभिः (índubhiḥ)
with Soma drops
Stanza 8.6.28
उ॒प॒ह्व॒रे गि॑री॒णां सं॑ग॒थे च॑ न॒दीना॑म् | धि॒या विप्रो॑ अजायत ||
upahvaré girīṇā́ṁ saṁgathé ca nadī́nām dhiyā́ vípro ajāyata
There, where mountains slope down and rivers meet, the inspired one was born by wisdom.
This verse describes the birth or manifestation of a wise one ('vipraḥ') in a place where mountains slope downwards ('upahvare girīṇām') and rivers meet ('saṃgathé nadīnām'). This emergence is attributed to divine inspiration or intellect ('dhiyā'), signifying the power of wisdom arising in natural, confluence points.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उप_ह्वरे गिरीणाम् upahvaré girīṇā́m (8 syllables)
- B. संगथे च नदीनाम् saṃgathé ca nadī́nām (8 syllables)
- C. धिया विप्रः अजायत dhiyā́ vípraḥ ajāyata (8 syllables)
उप_ह्वरे (upahvaré)
in the hollow, in the slope
गिरीणाम् (girīṇā́m)
of the mountains
संगथे (saṃgathé)
in the confluence, in the meeting place
च (ca)
and
नदीनाम् (nadī́nām)
of the rivers
धिया (dhiyā́)
by intelligence, by wisdom
विप्रः (vípraḥ)
wise one, inspired one
अजायत (ajāyata)
was born, arose
Stanza 8.6.29
अतः॑ समु॒द्रमु॒द्वत॑श्चिकि॒त्वाँ अव॑ पश्यति | यतो॑ विपा॒न एज॑ति ||
átaḥ samudrám udvátaś cikitvā́m̐ áva paśyati yáto vipāná éjati
Then, the knowing one, from a high place, looks down at the ocean, from where the swift waters move.
A wise observer ('cikitvān') perceives the sea ('samudram') from a high vantage point ('udvataḥ'). From this elevated perspective, they look down ('avapaśyati') and understand the source ('yataḥ') from which the swift waters ('vipānaḥ') emerge and flow ('ejati'), signifying deep insight into cosmic processes.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अतः समुद्रम् उद्वतः átas samudrám udvátaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. चिकित्वाम् अव पश्यति cikitvā́n áva paśyati (8 syllables)
- C. यतः विपानः एजति yátas vipānáḥ éjati (8 syllables)
अतः (átas)
from there
समुद्रम् (samudrám)
the ocean
उद्वतः (udvátaḥ)
from a high place, from above
चिकित्वाम् (cikitvā́n)
the knowing one, the wise one
अव (áva)
down
पश्यति (paśyati)
he sees, he perceives
यतः (yátas)
from where
विपानः (vipānáḥ)
swift-moving, flowing rapidly
एजति (éjati)
moves, stirs
Stanza 8.6.30
आदित्प्र॒त्नस्य॒ रेत॑सो॒ ज्योति॑ष्पश्यन्ति वास॒रम् | प॒रो यदि॒ध्यते॑ दि॒वा ||
ā́d ít pratnásya rétaso jyótiṣ paśyanti vāsarám paró yád idhyáte divā́
Then they see the light of the ancient seed, shining in the day, kindled beyond the sky.
The verse speaks of perceiving the radiant light ('jyotiḥ') of the ancient, primeval seed ('pratnasya retasaḥ'). This light, visible during the day ('vāsarám'), is understood to be kindled ('idhyáte') beyond the visible horizon ('paráḥ divā́'), symbolizing a profound cosmic illumination.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आत् इत् प्रत्नस्य रेतसः ā́t ít pratnásya rétasaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. ज्योतिः पश्यन्ति वासरम् jyótiḥ paśyanti vāsarám (8 syllables)
- C. परस् यत् इध्यते दिवा parás yát idhyáte divā́ (8 syllables)
आत् (ā́t)
then, thereupon
इत् (ít)
indeed
प्रत्नस्य (pratnásya)
of the ancient
रेतसः (rétasaḥ)
of the seed, of the essence
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light, radiance
पश्यन्ति (paśyanti)
they see, they perceive
वासरम् (vāsarám)
daylight, dawn
परस् (parás)
beyond, on the other side
यत् (yát)
which
इध्यते (idhyáte)
is kindled, is ignited
दिवा (divā́)
by the sky, in the sky
Stanza 8.6.31
कण्वा॑स इन्द्र ते म॒तिं विश्वे॑ वर्धन्ति॒ पौंस्य॑म् | उ॒तो श॑विष्ठ॒ वृष्ण्य॑म् ||
káṇvāsa indra te matíṁ víśve vardhanti paúṁsyam utó śaviṣṭha vŕ̥ṣṇyam
Indra, the Kanvas and all praise your wisdom, manly power, and heroic strength, O mightiest one.
The Kanva sages ('kaṇvāsaḥ') universally ('viśve') praise Indra, acknowledging his wisdom ('matim') and valorous strength ('paumsyam', 'vr̥ṣṇyam'). They address him as the mightiest ('śaviṣṭha'), affirming their collective effort to enhance his divine attributes.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. कण्वा_सः इन्द्र ते मतिम् káṇvāsaḥ indra te matím (8 syllables)
- B. विश्वे वर्धन्ति पौंस्यम् víśve vardhanti paúṃsyam (8 syllables)
- C. उत उ शविष्ठ वृष्ण्यम् utá u śaviṣṭha vŕ̥ṣṇyam (8 syllables)
कण्वा_सः (káṇvāsaḥ)
the Kanvas (a sage-family)
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
ते (te)
your
मतिम् (matím)
wisdom, thought
विश्वे (víśve)
all, entire
वर्धन्ति (vardhanti)
they increase, they strengthen
पौंस्यम् (paúṃsyam)
manly strength, valor
उत (utá)
and
उ (u)
and
शविष्ठ (śaviṣṭha)
O mightiest one
वृष्ण्यम् (vŕ̥ṣṇyam)
heroic strength, virility
Stanza 8.6.32
इ॒मां म॑ इन्द्र सुष्टु॒तिं जु॒षस्व॒ प्र सु माम॑व | उ॒त प्र व॑र्धया म॒तिम् ||
imā́m ma indra suṣṭutíṁ juṣásva prá sú mā́m ava utá prá vardhayā matím
Indra, accept my well-praised eulogy, protect me, and also strengthen my thought.
The poet offers Indra a well-composed eulogy ('suṣṭutim') and asks him to accept it with favor ('juṣasva') and protect ('ava') them. They also request Indra to further strengthen and prosper ('vardhaya') their thoughts ('matim'), highlighting the reciprocal relationship between divine favor and human devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इमाम् मे इन्द्र सुस्तुतिम् imā́m me indra suṣṭutím (8 syllables)
- B. जुषस्व प्र सु माम् अव juṣásva prá sú mā́m ava (8 syllables)
- C. उत प्र वर्धय मतिम् utá prá vardhaya + matím (8 syllables)
इमाम् (imā́m)
this
मे (me)
my
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
सुस्तुतिम् (suṣṭutím)
good praise, eulogy
जुषस्व (juṣásva)
accept, be pleased with
प्र (prá)
forward
सु (sú)
well, good
माम् (mā́m)
me
अव (ava)
protect, guard
उत (utá)
and
प्र (prá)
forward
वर्धय (vardhaya +)
make grow, strengthen
मतिम् (matím)
thought, mind
Stanza 8.6.33
उ॒त ब्र॑ह्म॒ण्या व॒यं तुभ्यं॑ प्रवृद्ध वज्रिवः | विप्रा॑ अतक्ष्म जी॒वसे॑ ||
utá brahmaṇyā́ vayáṁ túbhyam pravr̥ddha vajrivaḥ víprā atakṣma jīváse
And for you, O mighty, thunder-armed Indra, we poets have fashioned this hymn for living.
The poets ('vipraḥ') declare that for Indra, the mighty and thunder-armed ('pravr̥ddha vajrivah'), they have fashioned ('atakṣma') this hymn ('brahmaṇyā') with devotion, intending to live ('jīvase'). This highlights the purpose of sacred hymns as a means of sustenance and connection with the divine.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उत ब्रह्मण्या वयम् utá brahmaṇyā́ vayám (8 syllables)
- B. तुभ्यम् प्रवृद्ध वज्रिवः túbhyam pravr̥ddha vajrivaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. विप्राः अतक्ष्म जीवसे víprāḥ atakṣma jīváse (8 syllables)
उत (utá)
and
ब्रह्मण्या (brahmaṇyā́)
with devotion, with sacred utterance
वयम् (vayám)
we
तुभ्यम् (túbhyam)
for you
प्रवृद्ध (pravr̥ddha)
O greatly increased one
वज्रिवः (vajrivaḥ)
O wielder of the thunderbolt
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
poets, inspired ones
अतक्ष्म (atakṣma)
we fashioned, we carved
जीवसे (jīváse)
for living
Stanza 8.6.34
अ॒भि कण्वा॑ अनूष॒तापो॒ न प्र॒वता॑ य॒तीः | इन्द्रं॒ वन॑न्वती म॒तिः ||
abhí káṇvā anūṣatā́po ná pravátā yatī́ḥ índraṁ vánanvatī matíḥ
The Kanvas sang praises to Indra, like waters flowing down a slope, desirous of pleasing him.
The Kanva sages ('kaṇvāḥ') have sung ('anūṣata') praises directed towards Indra ('abhí'). Their songs are described as flowing powerfully like water ('āpaḥ ná') down a slope ('pravatā'), driven by a desire ('yatīḥ') to reach and please ('vananvatī') Indra, showing the natural flow of devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अभि कण्वाः अनूषत abhí káṇvāḥ anūṣata (8 syllables)
- B. आपः न प्रवता यतीः ā́paḥ ná pravátā yatī́ḥ (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रम् वननवती मतिः índram vánanvatī matíḥ (8 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
towards
कण्वाः (káṇvāḥ)
the Kanvas (a sage-family)
अनूषत (anūṣata)
they sang, they praised
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
न (ná)
like, as
प्रवता (pravátā)
down a slope
यतीः (yatī́ḥ)
going, moving, desirous
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
वननवती (vánanvatī)
desiring to please, favorable
मतिः (matíḥ)
thought, song, praise
Stanza 8.6.35
इन्द्र॑मु॒क्थानि॑ वावृधुः समु॒द्रमि॑व॒ सिन्ध॑वः | अनु॑त्तमन्युम॒जर॑म् ||
índram ukthā́ni vāvr̥dhuḥ samudrám iva síndhavaḥ ánuttamanyum ajáram
As rivers swell the ocean, so hymns have strengthened Indra, the eternal, of unrelenting anger.
This verse compares the hymns ('ukthāni') that have strengthened Indra ('vāvr̥dhuḥ') to rivers ('sindhavaḥ') swelling the ocean ('samudram'). Indra is described as eternally strong ('ajaram') and possessing unstoppable wrath ('anuttamanyum'), highlighting his immense and enduring power.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इन्द्रम् उक्थानि वावृधुः índram ukthā́ni vāvr̥dhuḥ (8 syllables)
- B. समुद्रम् इव सिन्धवः samudrám iva síndhavaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अ_नुत्त_मन्युम् अजरम् ánuttamanyum ajáram (8 syllables)
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
उक्थानि (ukthā́ni)
hymns, praises
वावृधुः (vāvr̥dhuḥ)
they have increased, they have strengthened
समुद्रम् (samudrám)
the ocean
इव (iva)
like, as
सिन्धवः (síndhavaḥ)
rivers
अ_नुत्त_मन्युम् (ánuttamanyum)
of unceasing anger, of relentless wrath
अजरम् (ajáram)
ageless, eternal, undecaying
Stanza 8.6.36
आ नो॑ याहि परा॒वतो॒ हरि॑भ्यां हर्य॒ताभ्या॑म् | इ॒ममि॑न्द्र सु॒तं पि॑ब ||
ā́ no yāhi parāváto háribhyāṁ haryatā́bhyām imám indra sutám piba
Come to us, Indra, from afar with your lovely bay horses, and drink this Soma.
The poet invites Indra to come ('yāhi') from far-off regions ('parāvataḥ') with his beautiful ('haryatābhyām') bay horses ('haribhyām'). They urge him to drink the offered Soma juice ('imam sutam piba') in this world, emphasizing Indra's association with swift steeds and the ritual offering.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ नः याहि परा_वतः ā́ naḥ yāhi parāvátaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. हरिभ्याम् हरियता_भ्याम् háribhyām haryatā́bhyām (8 syllables)
- C. इमम् इन्द्र सुतम् पिब imám indra sutám piba (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
नः (naḥ)
to us
याहि (yāhi)
come!
परा_वतः (parāvátaḥ)
from far regions
हरिभ्याम् (háribhyām)
with bay horses
हरियता_भ्याम् (haryatā́bhyām)
lovely, bay-colored
इमम् (imám)
this
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
सुतम् (sutám)
pressed Soma juice
पिब (piba)
drink!
Stanza 8.6.37
त्वामिद्वृ॑त्रहन्तम॒ जना॑सो वृ॒क्तब॑र्हिषः | हव॑न्ते॒ वाज॑सातये ||
tvā́m íd vr̥trahantama jánāso vr̥ktábarhiṣaḥ hávante vā́jasātaye
Men with trimmed grass invoke you, Indra, the greatest Vr̥itra-slayer, for victory and wealth.
Men ('janāsaḥ') with prepared sacrificial grass ('vr̥ktabarhiṣaḥ') invoke Indra, the supreme slayer of Vr̥itra ('vr̥trahantama'), for the acquisition of wealth or spoils ('vāja-sātaye'). This highlights Indra's role as a protector and provider of victory and abundance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वाम् इद् वृत्रहन्तम tvā́m ít vr̥trahantama (8 syllables)
- B. जनासः वृक्त_बर्हिषः jánāsaḥ vr̥ktábarhiṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. हवन्ते वाज_सा_तये hávante vā́jasātaye (8 syllables)
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
इद् (ít)
indeed
वृत्रहन्तम (vr̥trahantama)
O greatest slayer of Vr̥itra
जनासः (jánāsaḥ)
people, men
वृक्त_बर्हिषः (vr̥ktábarhiṣaḥ)
having spread sacred grass
हवन्ते (hávante)
they invoke
वाज_सा_तये (vā́jasātaye)
for obtaining food/strength/victory
Stanza 8.6.38
अनु॑ त्वा॒ रोद॑सी उ॒भे च॒क्रं न व॒र्त्येत॑शम् | अनु॑ सुवा॒नास॒ इन्द॑वः ||
ánu tvā ródasī ubhé cakráṁ ná varty étaśam ánu suvānā́sa índavaḥ
The heavens and earth follow you like Etaśa's wheel, and the Soma drops follow you.
The heavens and earth ('rodasī ubhé') follow Indra ('anu tvā') like a wheel ('cakram ná') follows Etaśa (a celestial being or object). Similarly, the pressed Soma juices ('indavaḥ suvānāsaḥ') follow him, indicating that all cosmic elements and offerings are drawn to Indra's presence and power.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अनु त्वा रोदसी उभे ánu tvā ródasī ubhé (8 syllables)
- B. चक्रम न वर्ति एतशम् cakrám ná varti étaśam (8 syllables)
- C. अनु सुवानासः इन्दवः ánu suvānā́saḥ índavaḥ (8 syllables)
अनु (ánu)
following
त्वा (tvā)
you
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth
उभे (ubhé)
both
चक्रम (cakrám)
wheel
न (ná)
like, as
वर्ति (varti)
follows, moves
एतशम् (étaśam)
Etaśa (a name or object)
अनु (ánu)
following
सुवानासः (suvānā́saḥ)
pressed out, flowing
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
Stanza 8.6.39
मन्द॑स्वा॒ सु स्व॑र्णर उ॒तेन्द्र॑ शर्य॒णाव॑ति | मत्स्वा॒ विव॑स्वतो म॒ती ||
mándasvā sú svàrṇara uténdra śaryaṇā́vati mátsvā vívasvato matī́
Rejoice, Indra, in the light and in Śaryaṇāvan, rejoice in the thoughts of the sacrificer.
The poet urges Indra to rejoice ('mandasva', 'matsva') in the bright light ('svarṇare') and in Śaryaṇāvan (likely a place or person). They ask him to be joyful and revel in the thoughts ('matīḥ') of the sacrificer ('vivasvataḥ'), emphasizing the pleasure Indra derives from devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. मन्दस्व सु स्वर्णरे mándasva + sú svàrṇare (8 syllables)
- B. उत इन्द्र शर्यणा_वति utá indra śaryaṇā́vati (8 syllables)
- C. मत्स्व विवस्वतः मती mátsva + vívasvataḥ matī́ (8 syllables)
मन्दस्व (mándasva +)
rejoice!
सु (sú)
well, indeed
स्वर्णरे (svàrṇare)
in the light, in the sun
उत (utá)
and
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
शर्यणा_वति (śaryaṇā́vati)
in Śaryaṇāvan (place/person)
मत्स्व (mátsva +)
rejoice!
विवस्वतः (vívasvataḥ)
of the sacrificer
मती (matī́)
in thoughts, in praises
Stanza 8.6.40
वा॒वृ॒धा॒न उप॒ द्यवि॒ वृषा॑ व॒ज्र्य॑रोरवीत् | वृ॒त्र॒हा सो॑म॒पात॑मः ||
vāvr̥dhāná úpa dyávi vŕ̥ṣā vajry àroravīt vr̥trahā́ somapā́tamaḥ
Grown strong in the sky, the bull, wielder of the thunderbolt, roared, the Vr̥itra-slayer, greatest Soma-drinker.
Indra, having grown strong ('vāvr̥dhānaḥ') in the sky ('dyávi'), roars ('aroravīt') like a bull ('vr̥ṣā'). As the slayer of Vr̥itra ('vr̥trahā') and the greatest drinker of Soma ('somapātamaḥ'), his mighty, thunder-wielding presence ('vajrī') is powerfully manifest.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. वावृधा_नः उप द्यवि vāvr̥dhānáḥ úpa dyávi (8 syllables)
- B. वृषा वज्री अरो_रवीत् vŕ̥ṣā vajrī́ aroravīt (8 syllables)
- C. वृत्र_हा सोम_पा_तमः vr̥trahā́ somapā́tamaḥ (8 syllables)
वावृधा_नः (vāvr̥dhānáḥ)
having grown strong
उप (úpa)
in, upon
द्यवि (dyávi)
in the sky
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
bull, hero
वज्री (vajrī́)
wielder of the thunderbolt
अरो_रवीत् (aroravīt)
roared, bellowed
वृत्र_हा (vr̥trahā́)
slayer of Vr̥itra
सोम_पा_तमः (somapā́tamaḥ)
greatest drinker of Soma
Stanza 8.6.41
ऋषि॒र्हि पू॑र्व॒जा अस्येक॒ ईशा॑न॒ ओज॑सा | इन्द्र॑ चोष्कू॒यसे॒ वसु॑ ||
ŕ̥ṣir hí pūrvajā́ ásy éka ī́śāna ójasā índra coṣkūyáse vásu
You are an ancient seer, the sole ruler by strength, Indra; you act wondrously, guardian of wealth.
The poet tells Indra that he is like an ancient seer ('r̥ṣiḥ pūrvajāḥ'), the sole ruler ('ekaḥ īśānaḥ') by his power ('ojasā'). Indra, the guardian of wealth ('vasu'), is addressed as performing wondrous actions ('coṣkūyáse').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ऋषिः हि पूर्वजाः असि ŕ̥ṣiḥ hí pūrvajā́ḥ ási (8 syllables)
- B. एकः ईशानः ओजसा ékaḥ ī́śānaḥ ójasā (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्र चोष्कूयसे वसु índra coṣkūyáse vásu (8 syllables)
ऋषिः (ŕ̥ṣiḥ)
seer, sage
हि (hí)
indeed
पूर्वजाः (pūrvajā́ḥ)
born before, ancient
असि (ási)
you are
एकः (ékaḥ)
one, sole
ईशानः (ī́śānaḥ)
ruler, lord
ओजसा (ójasā)
by might, by power
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
चोष्कूयसे (coṣkūyáse)
you act wondrously, you move skillfully
वसु (vásu)
wealth, treasure
Stanza 8.6.42
अ॒स्माकं॑ त्वा सु॒ताँ उप॑ वी॒तपृ॑ष्ठा अ॒भि प्रयः॑ | श॒तं व॑हन्तु॒ हर॑यः ||
asmā́kaṁ tvā sutā́m̐ úpa vītápr̥ṣṭhā abhí práyaḥ śatáṁ vahantu hárayaḥ
May your hundred bay horses with beautiful backs bring you to the feast and these Soma offerings.
The poet prays that Indra's bay horses ('harayaḥ'), possessing beautiful backs ('vītapr̥ṣṭhāḥ'), numbering a hundred ('śatam'), may bring him ('tvā') to partake in the offered Soma ('sutān') and enjoy the feast ('prayaḥ'). This plea emphasizes the vital role of Indra's steeds in facilitating his arrival for the ritual.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अस्माकम् त्वा सुतान् उप asmā́kam tvā sutā́n úpa (8 syllables)
- B. वीतपृष्ठाः अभि प्रयः vītápr̥ṣṭhāḥ abhí práyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. शतम् वहतु हरयः śatám vahantu hárayaḥ (8 syllables)
अस्माकम् (asmā́kam)
our
त्वा (tvā)
you
सुतान् (sutā́n)
pressed Soma
उप (úpa)
to
वीतपृष्ठाः (vītápr̥ṣṭhāḥ)
with beautiful backs
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्रयः (práyaḥ)
feast, offering
शतम् (śatám)
hundred
वहतु (vahantu)
may they carry
हरयः (hárayaḥ)
bay horses
Stanza 8.6.43
इ॒मां सु पू॒र्व्यां धियं॒ मधो॑र्घृ॒तस्य॑ पि॒प्युषी॑म् | कण्वा॑ उ॒क्थेन॑ वावृधुः ||
imā́ṁ sú pūrvyā́ṁ dhíyam mádhor ghr̥tásya pipyúṣīm káṇvā ukthéna vāvr̥dhuḥ
The Kanvas have magnified this ancient thought, filled with sweetness and ghee, with hymns.
The Kanva sages ('kaṇvāḥ') have magnified ('vāvr̥dhuḥ') this ancient thought ('imāṃ pūrvyāṃ dhiyam') with their hymns ('ukthena'). This thought is described as being filled ('pipyuṣīm') with the sweetness of mead ('mádhoḥ') and the richness of ghee ('ghr̥tasya'), signifying profound and nourishing wisdom.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इमाम् सु पूर्व्याम् धियम् imā́m sú pūrvyā́m dhíyam (8 syllables)
- B. मधोः घृतस्य पिपीषीम् mádhoḥ ghr̥tásya pipyúṣīm (8 syllables)
- C. कण्वाः उक्थेन वावृधुः káṇvāḥ ukthéna vāvr̥dhuḥ (8 syllables)
इमाम् (imā́m)
this
सु (sú)
indeed
पूर्व्याम् (pūrvyā́m)
ancient
धियम् (dhíyam)
thought, wisdom
मधोः (mádhoḥ)
of mead, of sweetness
घृतस्य (ghr̥tásya)
of ghee, of richness
पिपीषीम् (pipyúṣīm)
filling, abundant
कण्वाः (káṇvāḥ)
the Kanvas (a sage-family)
उक्थेन (ukthéna)
with hymns
वावृधुः (vāvr̥dhuḥ)
they have increased
Stanza 8.6.44
इन्द्र॒मिद्विम॑हीनां॒ मेधे॑ वृणीत॒ मर्त्यः॑ | इन्द्रं॑ सनि॒ष्युरू॒तये॑ ||
índram íd vímahīnām médhe vr̥ṇīta mártyaḥ índraṁ saniṣyúr ūtáye
Man should choose Indra among the great beings and sacrifices, for help and to obtain benefits.
In the midst of great beings ('vimahīnām') and during sacrifices ('medhe'), a mortal man ('martyaḥ') should choose ('vr̥ṇīta') Indra. Those who seek to win favor or obtain something ('saniṣyū') should invoke Indra for help ('ūtaye'), highlighting Indra's preeminence in both divine and human realms.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इन्द्रम् इद् विमहीनाम् índram ít vímahīnām (8 syllables)
- B. मेधे वृणीत मर्त्यः médhe vr̥ṇīta mártyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रम् सनिष्युः ऊतये índram saniṣyúḥ ūtáye (8 syllables)
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
इद् (ít)
indeed
विमहीनाम् (vímahīnām)
of the great ones
मेधे (médhe)
in the sacrifice
वृणीत (vr̥ṇīta)
should choose
मर्त्यः (mártyaḥ)
mortal man
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
सनिष्युः (saniṣyúḥ)
seeking to win, to obtain
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for help, for protection
Stanza 8.6.45
अ॒र्वाञ्चं॑ त्वा पुरुष्टुत प्रि॒यमे॑धस्तुता॒ हरी॑ | सो॒म॒पेया॑य वक्षतः ||
arvā́ñcaṁ tvā puruṣṭuta priyámedhastutā hárī somapéyāya vakṣataḥ
Your two beloved steeds, praised by Priyamedha, shall bring you near, O much-praised Indra, to drink the Soma.
The poet requests Indra, addressed as 'puruṣṭuta' (much praised), to come near ('arvāñcam') with his two beloved ('priya') bay steeds ('harī'), which have been praised by Priyamedha. They are to bring him to drink the Soma juice ('somapeyāya').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अर्वाञ्चम् त्वा पुरु_ष्टुत arvā́ñcam tvā puruṣṭuta (8 syllables)
- B. प्रिय_मेध_स्तुता हरी priyámedhastutā hárī (8 syllables)
- C. सोम_पेयाय वक्षतः somapéyāya vakṣataḥ (8 syllables)
अर्वाञ्चम् (arvā́ñcam)
near, hither
त्वा (tvā)
you
पुरु_ष्टुत (puruṣṭuta)
O much-praised one
प्रिय_मेध_स्तुता (priyámedhastutā)
praised by Priyamedha
हरी (hárī)
two bay horses
सोम_पेयाय (somapéyāya)
for drinking Soma
वक्षतः (vakṣataḥ)
may they carry
Stanza 8.6.46
श॒तम॒हं ति॒रिन्दि॑रे स॒हस्रं॒ पर्शा॒वा द॑दे | राधां॑सि॒ याद्वा॑नाम् ||
śatám aháṁ tiríndire sahásram párśāv ā́ dade rā́dhāṁsi yā́dvānām
I received a hundred from Tirindira, a thousand from Parśu, and gifts from the Yadavas.
The poet declares that he has received ('dade') riches: a hundred from Tirindira, a thousand from Parśu, and gifts ('rādhāṃsi') from the Yadavas. This verse likely recounts the poet's own acquisitions or donations, emphasizing generosity and wealth.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. शतम् अहम् तिरि_न्दिरे śatám ahám tiríndire (8 syllables)
- B. सहस्रम् पर्शौ आ ददे sahásram párśau ā́ dade (8 syllables)
- C. राधां_सि याद्वानाम् rā́dhāṃsi yā́dvānām (8 syllables)
शतम् (śatám)
hundred
अहम् (ahám)
I
तिरि_न्दिरे (tiríndire)
from Tirindira (a person/place)
सहस्रम् (sahásram)
thousand
पर्शौ (párśau)
from Parśu (a person/place)
आ (ā́)
down, towards
ददे (dade)
I received, I accepted
राधां_सि (rā́dhāṃsi)
gifts, bounties
याद्वानाम् (yā́dvānām)
of the Yadavas (a people)
Stanza 8.6.47
त्रीणि॑ श॒तान्यर्व॑तां स॒हस्रा॒ दश॒ गोना॑म् | द॒दुष्प॒ज्राय॒ साम्ने॑ ||
trī́ṇi śatā́ny árvatāṁ sahásrā dáśa gónām dadúṣ pajrā́ya sā́mne
They gave three hundred horses and ten thousand cows to Pajra for the Sāma song.
A gift was made: three hundred horses ('trīṇi śatāni arvatām'), ten thousand cows ('daśa sahastrā goṇām'), were given ('dadur') to Pajra ('pajrāya') for the sake of the Sāma song ('sāmne'). This highlights a significant offering made to a specific individual for a musical purpose.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्रीणि शतानि अर्वताम् trī́ṇi śatā́ni árvatām (8 syllables)
- B. सहस्रा दश गोनाम् sahásrā dáśa gónām (8 syllables)
- C. ददुः पज्राय साम्ने dadúḥ pajrā́ya sā́mne (8 syllables)
त्रीणि (trī́ṇi)
three
शतानि (śatā́ni)
hundreds
अर्वताम् (árvatām)
of horses
सहस्रा (sahásrā)
thousands
दश (dáśa)
ten
गोनाम् (gónām)
of cows
ददुः (dadúḥ)
they gave
पज्राय (pajrā́ya)
to Pajra (a person)
साम्ने (sā́mne)
for the Sāma song
Stanza 8.6.48
उदा॑नट् ककु॒हो दिव॒मुष्ट्रा॑ञ्चतु॒र्युजो॒ दद॑त् | श्रव॑सा॒ याद्वं॒ जन॑म् ||
úd ānaṭ kakuhó dívam úṣṭrāñ caturyújo dádat śrávasā yā́dvaṁ jánam
Kakuhá reached the sky, giving four-yoked buffaloes, matching the fame of the Yadava people.
Kakuhá (a person) has ascended ('udānaṭ') to the heavens ('divam'), having bestowed ('dadat') four-yoked buffaloes ('uṣṭrān caturyujaḥ'). This act has matched ('śravasā') the fame ('yādvam') of the Yadava people ('janam'), signifying Kakuhá's achievements and generosity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उत आ_नट् ककुहः दिवम् út ānaṭ kakuháḥ dívam (8 syllables)
- B. उष्ट्रा_न् चतुर्य्युजः ददत् úṣṭrān caturyújaḥ dádat (8 syllables)
- C. श्रवसा याद्वम् जनम् śrávasā yā́dvam jánam (8 syllables)
उत (út)
up
आ_नट् (ānaṭ)
reached, attained
ककुहः (kakuháḥ)
Kakuhá (a person)
दिवम् (dívam)
heaven, sky
उष्ट्रा_न् (úṣṭrān)
buffaloes
चतुर्य्युजः (caturyújaḥ)
yoked in fours
ददत् (dádat)
giving
श्रवसा (śrávasā)
with fame, with glory
याद्वम् (yā́dvam)
equal to the Yadavas
जनम् (jánam)
people, person