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Stanza 8.49.1
अ॒भि प्र वः॑ सु॒राध॑स॒मिन्द्र॑मर्च॒ यथा॑ वि॒दे | यो ज॑रि॒तृभ्यो॑ म॒घवा॑ पुरू॒वसुः॑ स॒हस्रे॑णेव॒ शिक्ष॑ति ||
abhí prá vaḥ surā́dhasam índram arca yáthā vidé yó jaritŕ̥bhyo maghávā purūvásuḥ sahásreṇeva śíkṣati
We praise you, Indra, the bestower of good gifts, as you are known. You, the wealthy one, Maghavan, assist those who praise you with a thousandfold abundance.
The devotee addresses Indra, the mighty god, with praise. He acknowledges Indra's generosity and his ability to bestow immense wealth, likening his giving to a thousandfold gift. The stanza is a direct appeal to Indra, recognizing his power and benevolent nature towards his worshippers.
Meter: Brhati
- A. अभि प्र वः सुराधसम् abhí prá vaḥ surā́dhasam (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रम् अर्च यथा विदे índram arca yáthā vidé (8 syllables)
- C. यः जरितृभ्यः मघवा पुरूवसुः yáḥ jaritŕ̥bhyaḥ maghávā purūvásuḥ (12 syllables)
- D. सहस्रेण इव शिक्षति sahásreṇa iva śíkṣati (8 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
वः (vaḥ)
you (plural)
सुराधसम् (surā́dhasam)
bestower of abundant gifts
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra (the god)
अर्च (arca)
praise, sing
यथा (yáthā)
as, according to
विदे (vidé)
he knows
यः (yáḥ)
who, which
जरितृभ्यः (jaritŕ̥bhyaḥ)
to the praisers, singers
मघवा (maghávā)
the wealthy, generous one
पुरूवसुः (purūvásuḥ)
possessing abundant riches
सहस्रेण (sahásreṇa)
with a thousand
इव (iva)
like, as
शिक्षति (śíkṣati)
helps, bestows
Stanza 8.49.2
श॒तानी॑केव॒ प्र जि॑गाति धृष्णु॒या हन्ति॑ वृ॒त्राणि॑ दा॒शुषे॑ | गि॒रेरि॑व॒ प्र रसा॑ अस्य पिन्विरे॒ दत्रा॑णि पुरु॒भोज॑सः ||
śatā́nīkeva prá jigāti dhr̥ṣṇuyā́ hánti vr̥trā́ṇi dāśúṣe girér iva prá rásā asya pinvire dátrāṇi purubhójasaḥ
He moves forward boldly like a host of hundreds, and slays the enemies for the worshipper. Like rivers from a mountain, his gifts flowed for the one who provides, for the greatly generous one.
This stanza describes Indra's powerful and aggressive nature in battle. He is depicted as moving forward with immense force, comparable to a large army, to protect his devotees. He destroys enemies and his generosity, like flowing rivers from a mountain, benefits those who offer sacrifices.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. शतानीका इव प्र जिगाति धृष्णुया śatā́nīkā iva prá jigāti dhr̥ṣṇuyā́ (12 syllables)
- B. हन्ति वृत्राणि दाशुषे hánti vr̥trā́ṇi dāśúṣe (8 syllables)
- C. गिरेः इव प्र रसाः अस्य पिन्विरे giréḥ iva prá rásāḥ asya pinvire (12 syllables)
- D. दत्राणि पुरुभोजसः dátrāṇi purubhójasaḥ (8 syllables)
शतानीका (śatā́nīkā)
a hundred-bodied, like a great army
इव (iva)
like, as
प्र (prá)
forth, out
जिगाति (jigāti)
goes, moves
धृष्णुया (dhr̥ṣṇuyā́)
boldly, courageously
हन्ति (hánti)
kills, slays
वृत्राणि (vr̥trā́ṇi)
obstacles, enemies (Vritras)
दाशुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the offerer, worshipper
गिरेः (giréḥ)
from the mountain
इव (iva)
like, as
प्र (prá)
forth, out
रसाः (rásāḥ)
streams, rivers
अस्य (asya)
his, of him
पिन्विरे (pinvire)
flourished, flowed, were full
दत्राणि (dátrāṇi)
gifts, boons
पुरुभोजसः (purubhójasaḥ)
of the great provider, enjoyer
Stanza 8.49.3
आ त्वा॑ सु॒तास॒ इन्द॑वो॒ मदा॒ य इ॑न्द्र गिर्वणः | आपो॒ न व॑ज्रि॒न्नन्वो॒क्यं१॒॑ सरः॑ पृ॒णन्ति॑ शूर॒ राध॑से ||
ā́ tvā sutā́sa índavo mádā yá indra girvaṇaḥ ā́po ná vajrinn ánv okyàṁ sáraḥ pr̥ṇánti śūra rā́dhase
O Indra, may these pressed juices, the exhilarating drinks, come to you! Like waters flowing to a lake, they fill you, O thunderer, for our bounty, O hero.
The hymn describes the intoxicating soma-drink flowing towards Indra. These potent, exhilarating juices, when pressed and prepared, are offered to Indra, the lover of hymns. The verse uses a simile of water flowing into a lake to describe how these offerings fill and invigorate Indra, preparing him for action and bestowing bounty.
Meter: Brhati
- A. आ त्वा सुतासः इन्दवः ā́ tvā sutā́saḥ índavaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मदाः ये इन्द्र गिर्वणः mádāḥ yé indra girvaṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. आपः न वज्रिन् अनु ओक्यं सरः ā́paḥ ná vajrin ánu okyàm sáraḥ (12 syllables)
- D. पृणन्ति शूर राधसे pr̥ṇánti śūra rā́dhase (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, to
त्वा (tvā)
you
सुतासः (sutā́saḥ)
pressed, extracted (soma)
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
drops (of soma)
मदाः (mádāḥ)
intoxications, exhilarations
ये (yé)
which
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (the god)
गिर्वणः (girvaṇaḥ)
lover of hymns, praised one
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
न (ná)
like, as
वज्रिन् (vajrin)
wielder of the thunderbolt
अनु (ánu)
along, to
ओक्यं (okyàm)
desire, aim
सरः (sáraḥ)
lake, pool
पृणन्ति (pr̥ṇánti)
fill
शूर (śūra)
hero
राधसे (rā́dhase)
for bounty, for wealth
Stanza 8.49.4
अ॒ने॒हसं॑ प्र॒तर॑णं वि॒वक्ष॑णं॒ मध्वः॒ स्वादि॑ष्ठमीं पिब | आ यथा॑ मन्दसा॒नः कि॒रासि॑ नः॒ प्र क्षु॒द्रेव॒ त्मना॑ धृ॒षत् ||
anehásam pratáraṇaṁ vivákṣaṇam mádhvaḥ svā́diṣṭham īm piba ā́ yáthā mandasānáḥ kirā́si naḥ prá kṣudréva tmánā dhr̥ṣát
Drink the sweetest of nectars, the unequaled, strengthening, and eloquence-giving draught! May you, rejoiceing, scatter your gifts to us, like dust with your mind.
This stanza is an invocation to Indra to drink the soma-juice. It describes the soma as an unmatched, strengthening, and eloquent drink, the sweetest of nectars. The prayer is that upon drinking, Indra will be filled with joy and generously distribute his gifts, scattering them widely like dust.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. अनेहसम् प्रतरणं विवक्षणम् anehásam pratáraṇam vivákṣaṇam (12 syllables)
- B. मध्वः स्वादिष्ठम् ईं पिब mádhvaḥ svā́diṣṭham īm piba (8 syllables)
- C. आ यथा मन्दसानः किरासि नः ā́ yáthā mandasānáḥ kirā́si naḥ (12 syllables)
- D. प्र क्षुद्रे इव त्मना धृषत् prá kṣudrā́ iva tmánā dhr̥ṣát (8 syllables)
अनेहसम् (anehásam)
unmatched, incomparable
प्रतरणं (pratáraṇam)
strengthening, invigorating
विवक्षणम् (vivákṣaṇam)
eloquence-giving, inspiring speech
मध्वः (mádhvaḥ)
of the sweet drink (nectar)
स्वादिष्ठम् (svā́diṣṭham)
sweetest
ईं (īm)
this, it
पिब (piba)
drink
आ (ā́)
towards
यथा (yáthā)
as, so that
मन्दसानः (mandasānáḥ)
rejoicing, exhilarated
किरासि (kirā́si)
you scatter
नः (naḥ)
to us
प्र (prá)
forth, widely
क्षुद्रे (kṣudrā́)
small things, dust
इव (iva)
like
त्मना (tmánā)
with your mind, self
धृषत् (dhr̥ṣát)
boldly, strongly (participle of 'to dare')
Stanza 8.49.5
आ नः॒ स्तोम॒मुप॑ द्र॒वद्धि॑या॒नो अश्वो॒ न सोतृ॑भिः | यं ते॑ स्वधावन्त्स्व॒दय॑न्ति धे॒नव॒ इन्द्र॒ कण्वे॑षु रा॒तयः॑ ||
ā́ na stómam úpa dravád dhiyānó áśvo ná sótr̥bhiḥ yáṁ te svadhāvan svadáyanti dhenáva índra káṇveṣu rātáyaḥ
Come quickly to our praise, O Indra, urged on like a swift horse by the pressers! O Indra, endowed with sustenance, the offerings (that are like milch-kine) are sweet for you among the Kanvas.
This stanza is a plea to Indra to come quickly to the hymn of praise, driven by the soma-pressers, much like a swift horse drawn by its trainers. The poet asks Indra, who possesses sustenance and is revered by the Kanvas, to accept their offerings and hymns, indicating that these offerings make the divine aspects (the 'milch-kine') sweet for him.
Meter: Brhati
- A. आ नः स्तोमम् उप द्रवत् ā́ naḥ stómam úpa dravát (8 syllables)
- B. हियानः अश्वः न सोतृभिः hiyānáḥ áśvaḥ ná sótr̥bhiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. यं ते स्वधावन् स्वादयन्ति धेनवः yám te svadhāvan svadáyanti dhenávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र कण्वे रातयः índra káṇveṣu rātáyaḥ (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, hither
नः (naḥ)
to us
स्तोमम् (stómam)
hymn, praise
उप (úpa)
towards, to
द्रवत् (dravát)
swift
हियानः (hiyānáḥ)
urged, driven
अश्वः (áśvaḥ)
horse
न (ná)
like
सोतृभिः (sótr̥bhiḥ)
by the soma-pressers
यं (yám)
which
ते (te)
for you
स्वधावन् (svadhāvan)
possessing sustenance, powerful
स्वादयन्ति (svadáyanti)
make sweet, please
धेनवः (dhenávaḥ)
milch-kine (metaphor for offerings)
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra (the god)
कण्वे (káṇveṣu)
among the Kanvas (a priestly family)
रातयः (rātáyaḥ)
gifts, offerings
Stanza 8.49.6
उ॒ग्रं न वी॒रं नम॒सोप॑ सेदिम॒ विभू॑ति॒मक्षि॑तावसुम् | उ॒द्रीव॑ वज्रिन्नव॒तो न सि॑ञ्च॒ते क्षर॑न्तीन्द्र धी॒तयः॑ ||
ugráṁ ná vīráṁ námasópa sedima víbhūtim ákṣitāvasum udrī́va vajrinn avató ná siñcaté kṣárantīndra dhītáyaḥ
We approach you with reverence, O Indra, like a mighty hero, possessor of unfailing wealth. O wielder of the thunderbolt, as a plentiful spring pours forth, so our thoughts flow to you.
The worshippers approach Indra with reverence, seeking him as a mighty hero possessing unfailing wealth. They liken their hymns and prayers flowing to Indra to a spring pouring out water. The stanza highlights Indra's strength, his wealth, and the devotion of his followers whose songs reach him like a continuous flow.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. उग्रं न वीरं नमसा उप सेदिम ugrám ná vīrám námasā úpa sedima (12 syllables)
- B. विभूतिं अक्षितावसुम् víbhūtim ákṣitāvasum (8 syllables)
- C. उद्रीव इव वज्रिन् अवतो न सिञ्चते udrī́ iva vajrin avatáḥ ná siñcaté (12 syllables)
- D. क्षरन्ति इन्द्र धीतयः kṣáranti indra dhītáyaḥ (8 syllables)
उग्रं (ugrám)
mighty, fierce
न (ná)
like
वीरं (vīrám)
hero
नमसा (námasā)
with reverence, homage
उप (úpa)
towards, near
सेदिम (sedima)
we sat, approached, sought
विभूतिं (víbhūtim)
preeminent, great
अक्षितावसुम् (ákṣitāvasum)
possessing unfailing wealth
उद्रीव (udrī́)
spring, source (of water)
इव (iva)
like
वज्रिन् (vajrin)
wielder of the thunderbolt
अवतो (avatáḥ)
plentiful, flowing
न (ná)
like
सिञ्चते (siñcaté)
to the one who sprinkles, pours
क्षरन्ति (kṣáranti)
flowing
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (the god)
धीतयः (dhītáyaḥ)
thoughts, intentions, libations
Stanza 8.49.7
यद्ध॑ नू॒नं यद्वा॑ य॒ज्ञे यद्वा॑ पृथि॒व्यामधि॑ | अतो॑ नो य॒ज्ञमा॒शुभि॑र्महेमत उ॒ग्र उ॒ग्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि ||
yád dha nūnáṁ yád vā yajñé yád vā pr̥thivyā́m ádhi áto no yajñám āśúbhir mahemata ugrá ugrébhir ā́ gahi
Whether now you are at the sacrifice, or on the earth, from there, O great-minded one, come swiftly to our sacrifice with the swift ones, O mighty one, with the mighty ones!
This is a strong invocation calling Indra to descend to the sacrifice. Whether he is currently engaged in ritual, or present on earth, the call is urgent. The devotee asks the 'great-minded' and 'mighty' Indra to come swiftly with his powerful companions ('swift ones', 'mighty ones') to their sacrifice.
Meter: Brhati
- A. यत् ह नूनं यत् वा यज्ञे yát ha nūnám yát vā yajñé (8 syllables)
- B. यत् वा पृथिव्यामधि अधि yát vā pr̥thivyā́m ádhi (8 syllables)
- C. अतो नः यज्ञम् आशुभिः महेमते átas naḥ yajñám āśúbhiḥ mahemate (12 syllables)
- D. उग्रः उग्रैभिः आ गहि ugráḥ ugrébhiḥ ā́ gahi (8 syllables)
यत् (yát)
if, whether
ह (ha)
indeed, indeed
नूनं (nūnám)
now
यत् (yát)
if, whether
वा (vā)
or
यज्ञे (yajñé)
at the sacrifice
यत् (yát)
if, whether
वा (vā)
or
पृथिव्यामधि (pr̥thivyā́m)
on the earth
अधि (ádhi)
upon, on
अतो (átas)
from there
नः (naḥ)
our
यज्ञम् (yajñám)
to the sacrifice
आशुभिः (āśúbhiḥ)
with the swift ones
महेमते (mahemate)
O great-minded one
उग्रः (ugráḥ)
mighty, strong
उग्रैभिः (ugrébhiḥ)
with the mighty ones
आ (ā́)
hither, to
गहि (gahi)
come
Stanza 8.49.8
अ॒जि॒रासो॒ हर॑यो॒ ये त॑ आ॒शवो॒ वाता॑ इव प्रस॒क्षिणः॑ | येभि॒रप॑त्यं॒ मनु॑षः प॒रीय॑से॒ येभि॒र्विश्वं॒ स्व॑र्दृ॒शे ||
ajirā́so hárayo yé ta āśávo vā́tā iva prasakṣíṇaḥ yébhir ápatyam mánuṣaḥ parī́yase yébhir víśvaṁ svàr dr̥śé
Your active, tawny horses, swift like the wind, are observant. By means of them, you traverse around the progeny of Manu, and everything is visible.
This stanza describes Indra's divine chariot horses as swift and energetic, likened to the wind. They are the means by which Indra moves around the world, overseeing humanity and bringing prosperity. Their speed and power allow Indra to traverse vast distances and observe all things, making him a constant presence.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. अजिरासः हरयः ये ते आशवः ajirā́saḥ hárayaḥ yé te āśávaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वाता इव प्रसक्षिणः vā́tāḥ iva prasakṣíṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. येभिः अपत्यं मनुषः परीयसे yébhiḥ ápatyam mánuṣaḥ parī́yase (12 syllables)
- D. येभिः विश्वं स्वः दृशे yébhiḥ víśvam svàr dr̥śé (8 syllables)
अजिरासः (ajirā́saḥ)
active, agile, swift
हरयः (hárayaḥ)
tawny, bay-colored (horses)
ये (yé)
which
ते (te)
your
आशवः (āśávaḥ)
swift, quick
वाता (vā́tāḥ)
winds
इव (iva)
like
प्रसक्षिणः (prasakṣíṇaḥ)
observant, watchful, penetrating
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
by which, with which
अपत्यं (ápatyam)
offspring, progeny
मनुषः (mánuṣaḥ)
of Manu (mankind)
परीयसे (parī́yase)
you go around, traverse
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
by which, with which
विश्वं (víśvam)
all, everything
स्वः (svàr)
heaven, sky, light
दृशे (dr̥śé)
to be seen, for seeing
Stanza 8.49.9
ए॒ताव॑तस्त ईमह॒ इन्द्र॑ सु॒म्नस्य॒ गोम॑तः | यथा॒ प्रावो॑ मघव॒न्मेध्या॑तिथिं॒ यथा॒ नीपा॑तिथिं॒ धने॑ ||
etā́vatas ta īmaha índra sumnásya gómataḥ yáthā prā́vo maghavan médhyātithiṁ yáthā nī́pātithiṁ dháne
From you, O Indra, we desire abundant prosperity, like that which is rich in cows. As you previously aided Maghavan, Medhyatithi, and Nipathithi in wealth, so aid us.
The worshipper petitions Indra for prosperity and well-being, specifically requesting good fortune associated with cattle. They recall Indra's past deeds, specifically how he favored individuals like Medhyatithi and Nipathithi in times of conflict or wealth acquisition, implying a precedent for receiving his blessings.
Meter: Brhati
- A. एतावत्तः ते ईमहे etā́vataḥ te īmahe (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र सुम्नस्य गोमतः índra sumnásya gómataḥ (8 syllables)
- C. यथा प्र आवः मघवन् मेध्यातिथिं yáthā prá ā́vaḥ maghavan médhyātithim (12 syllables)
- D. यथा नीपातिथिं धने yáthā nī́pātithim dháne (8 syllables)
एतावत्तः (etā́vataḥ)
so great, so much
ते (te)
from you
ईमहे (īmahe)
we desire, seek
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra (the god)
सुम्नस्य (sumnásya)
of well-being, happiness
गोमतः (gómataḥ)
rich in cows, possessed of cattle
यथा (yáthā)
as
प्र (prá)
forward, successfully
आवः (ā́vaḥ)
you protected, aided
मघवन् (maghavan)
O wealthy one
मेध्यातिथिं (médhyātithim)
Medhyatithi (a sage/patron)
यथा (yáthā)
as
नीपातिथिं (nī́pātithim)
Nipathithi (a sage/patron)
धने (dháne)
in wealth, in the battle for wealth
Stanza 8.49.10
यथा॒ कण्वे॑ मघवन्त्र॒सद॑स्यवि॒ यथा॑ प॒क्थे दश॑व्रजे | यथा॒ गोश॑र्ये॒ अस॑नोर्ऋ॒जिश्व॒नीन्द्र॒ गोम॒द्धिर॑ण्यवत् ||
yáthā káṇve maghavan trasádasyavi yáthā pakthé dáśavraje yáthā góśarye ásanor r̥jíśvanī́ndra gómad dhíraṇyavat
As you aided Kanva, Trasadasyu, Paktha, Dashavraja, Gosharya, and Rijishvan, O Indra, grant us wealth in cows and gold.
The hymn continues by citing specific instances where Indra has bestowed his favor and wealth upon various individuals, including Kanva, Trasadasyu, Paktha, Dashavraja, Gosharya, and Rijishvan. The verse lists these patrons, emphasizing Indra's role in granting them abundant wealth, particularly in cattle and gold, thus reinforcing the plea for his continued generosity.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. यथा कण्वे मघवन् त्रसदस्यवि yáthā káṇve maghavan trasádasyavi (12 syllables)
- B. यथा पक्थे दशव्रजे yáthā pakthé dáśavraje (8 syllables)
- C. यथा गोशर्ये असनोः ऋजििश्वनी yáthā góśarye ásanoḥ r̥jíśvani (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र गोमत् हिरण्यवत् índra gómat híraṇyavat (8 syllables)
यथा (yáthā)
as
कण्वे (káṇve)
to Kanva
मघवन् (maghavan)
O generous one
त्रसदस्यवि (trasádasyavi)
to Trasadasyu (a king)
यथा (yáthā)
as
पक्थे (pakthé)
to Paktha
दशव्रजे (dáśavraje)
to Dashavraja
यथा (yáthā)
as
गोशर्ये (góśarye)
to Gosharya
असनोः (ásanoḥ)
you gave, granted
ऋजििश्वनी (r̥jíśvani)
to Rijishvan
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra (the god)
गोमत् (gómat)
rich in cows
हिरण्यवत् (híraṇyavat)
rich in gold