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Stanza 8.101.1
ऋध॑गि॒त्था स मर्त्यः॑ शश॒मे दे॒वता॑तये | यो नू॒नं मि॒त्रावरु॑णाव॒भिष्ट॑य आच॒क्रे ह॒व्यदा॑तये ||
ŕ̥dhag itthā́ sá mártyaḥ śaśamé devátātaye yó nūnám mitrā́váruṇāv abhíṣṭaya ācakré havyádātaye
That mortal man diligently strives for the sake of the gods, who has now invoked Mitra and Varuṇa for protection and for receiving offerings.
This stanza describes a mortal man diligently performing rituals and sacrifices to please the gods. He is shown as actively inviting the divine powers, Mitra and Varuṇa, to partake in his offerings, demonstrating his devotion and seeking their favor through his actions.
Meter: Brhati
- A. ऋध॑क् इत्था सः मर्त्यः ŕ̥dhak itthā́ sá mártyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. शशमे देवता॒तये śaśamé devátātaye (8 syllables)
- C. यः नूनं मित्रावरु॑णाव अभिष्ट॑य yáḥ nūnám mitrā́váruṇau abhíṣṭaye (12 syllables)
- D. आच॒क्रे ācakré havyádātaye (8 syllables)
ऋध॑क् (ŕ̥dhak)
specially, diligently
इत्था (itthā́)
in this manner, thus
सः (sá)
that
मर्त्यः (mártyaḥ)
mortal man
शशमे (śaśamé)
toiled, worshipped, sacrificed
देवता॒तये (devátātaye)
for the service/worship of the gods
यः (yáḥ)
who
नूनं (nūnám)
now, quickly
मित्रावरु॑णाव (mitrā́váruṇau)
Mitra and Varuṇa
अभिष्ट॑य (abhíṣṭaye)
for protection, for help
आच॒क्रे (ācakré)
invoked, called
(havyádātaye)
Stanza 8.101.2
वर्षि॑ष्ठक्षत्रा उरु॒चक्ष॑सा॒ नरा॒ राजा॑ना दीर्घ॒श्रुत्त॑मा | ता बा॒हुता॒ न दं॒सना॑ रथर्यतः सा॒कं सूर्य॑स्य र॒श्मिभिः॑ ||
várṣiṣṭhakṣatrā urucákṣasā nárā rā́jānā dīrghaśrúttamā tā́ bāhútā ná daṁsánā ratharyataḥ sākáṁ sū́ryasya raśmíbhiḥ
They, possessing supreme dominion and broad vision, are mighty rulers, most attentive listeners. They moved wonderfully, as if with arms, along with the rays of the sun.
This stanza continues to describe Mitra and Varuṇa, portraying them as powerful and far-seeing rulers. They are depicted as attentive listeners and mighty kings who move with remarkable speed and power, comparable to the sun's rays, signifying their divine and majestic presence.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. वर्षि॑ष्ठक्षात्रा उरुचक्ष॑सा नरा várṣiṣṭhakṣatrau urucákṣasā nárā (12 syllables)
- B. राजा॑ना दीर्घश्रुत॑मा rā́jānā dīrghaśrúttamā (8 syllables)
- C. ता बा॒हुता न दं॒सना रथर्यतः tā́ bāhútā ná daṃsánā ratharyataḥ (12 syllables)
- D. सा॒कं सूर्यस्य र॒श्मिभिः sākám sū́ryasya raśmíbhiḥ (8 syllables)
वर्षि॑ष्ठक्षात्रा (várṣiṣṭhakṣatrau)
possessing supreme dominion/power
उरुचक्ष॑सा (urucákṣasā)
having broad vision, far-seeing
नरा (nárā)
heroes, men, lords
राजा॑ना (rā́jānā)
kings, rulers
दीर्घश्रुत॑मा (dīrghaśrúttamā)
extremely swift to hear, best listeners
ता (tā́)
they
बा॒हुता (bāhútā)
as if with arms, by strength
न (ná)
as if, like
दं॒सना (daṃsánā)
wonderfully, marvelously
रथर्यतः (ratharyataḥ)
they move, they go
सा॒कं (sākám)
together with
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
र॒श्मिभिः (raśmíbhiḥ)
with rays
Stanza 8.101.3
प्र यो वां॑ मित्रावरुणाजि॒रो दू॒तो अद्र॑वत् | अयः॑शीर्षा॒ मदे॑रघुः ||
prá yó vām mitrāvaruṇājiró dūtó ádravat áyaḥśīrṣā máderaghuḥ
He, the swift messenger, approached you, O Mitra and Varuṇa, with an iron head, eager for the draught.
This verse speaks of a swift messenger, possibly representing divine inspiration or communication, that quickly approaches Mitra and Varuṇa. This messenger is described as having an 'iron head,' suggesting resilience or purpose, and is eager for their divine presence and the ensuing 'draught' or reception of offerings.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र यः वां मित्रावरुणा prá yáḥ vām mitrāvaruṇā (8 syllables)
- B. अजि॑रः दूतः अद्र॑वत् ajiráḥ dūtáḥ ádravat (8 syllables)
- C. अयःशीर्षा मदे॑रघुः áyaḥśīrṣā máderaghuḥ (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, onward
यः (yáḥ)
who
वां (vām)
you (dual)
मित्रावरुणा (mitrāvaruṇā)
O Mitra and Varuṇa
अजि॑रः (ajiráḥ)
swift, quick
दूतः (dūtáḥ)
messenger
अद्र॑वत् (ádravat)
approached, ran
अयःशीर्षा (áyaḥśīrṣā)
having an iron head
मदे॑रघुः (máderaghuḥ)
eager for the draught/drink
Stanza 8.101.4
न यः स॒म्पृच्छे॒ न पुन॒र्हवी॑तवे॒ न सं॑वा॒दाय॒ रम॑ते | तस्मा॑न्नो अ॒द्य समृ॑तेरुरुष्यतं बा॒हुभ्यां॑ न उरुष्यतम् ||
ná yáḥ sampŕ̥che ná púnar hávītave ná saṁvādā́ya rámate tásmān no adyá sámr̥ter uruṣyatam bāhúbhyāṁ na uruṣyatam
He who neither consults nor is invited back, nor delights in conversation, from him protect us today, O protectors. Protect us with your arms.
This verse is a plea to Mitra and Varuṇa for protection. The speaker asks them to shield them from someone who is unapproachable, unwilling to communicate, and doesn't engage in conversation. This plea emphasizes the need for divine intervention against a potentially harmful or disruptive force.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. न यः सम्पृच्छे न पुनः हवी॑तवे ná yáḥ sampŕ̥che ná púnar hávītave (12 syllables)
- B. न संवा॒दाय रमते ná saṃvādā́ya rámate (8 syllables)
- C. तस्मा॑त् नः अद्य समृ॑तेः उरुष्यतम tásmāt naḥ adyá sámr̥teḥ uruṣyatam (12 syllables)
- D. बा॒हुभ्यां नः उरुष्यतम bāhúbhyām naḥ uruṣyatam (8 syllables)
न (ná)
not
यः (yáḥ)
who
सम्पृच्छे (sampŕ̥che)
to be consulted, to inquire
न (ná)
not
पुनः (púnar)
again
हवी॑तवे (hávītave)
to be invited, to be called
न (ná)
not
संवा॒दाय (saṃvādā́ya)
for discussion, for agreement
रमते (rámate)
delights, takes pleasure
तस्मा॑त् (tásmāt)
from him
नः (naḥ)
us
अद्य (adyá)
today
समृ॑तेः (sámr̥teḥ)
from conflict, from collision
उरुष्यतम (uruṣyatam)
protect (you two)
बा॒हुभ्यां (bāhúbhyām)
with arms
नः (naḥ)
us
उरुष्यतम (uruṣyatam)
protect (you two)
Stanza 8.101.5
प्र मि॒त्राय॒ प्रार्य॒म्णे स॑च॒थ्य॑मृतावसो | व॒रू॒थ्यं१॒॑ वरु॑णे॒ छन्द्यं॒ वचः॑ स्तो॒त्रं राज॑सु गायत ||
prá mitrā́ya prā́ryamṇé sacathyàm r̥tāvaso varūthyàṁ váruṇe chándyaṁ váca stotráṁ rā́jasu gāyata
Sing forth a song of praise to Mitra, and to Aryaman, O dweller in order. Sing a protective hymn to Varuṇa, a pleasing word to the kings.
This verse is an invocation and praise directed at Mitra, Aryaman, and Varuṇa. The devotee calls upon them, expressing devotion ('r̥tāvaso' - dwelling in order) and singing hymns that are pleasing and protective. The praise is aimed at these deities who are associated with royalty and cosmic order.
Meter: Brhati
- A. प्र मि॒त्राय प्र aryamṇे prá mitrā́ya prá aryamṇé (8 syllables)
- B. स॒चथ्यं ऋ॒ता॒व॒सो sacathyàm r̥tāvaso (8 syllables)
- C. व॒रू॒थ्यं१ व॒रुणे छन्द्यं वचः varūthyàm váruṇe chándyam vácaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. स्तो॒त्रं राज॑सु गायत stotrám rā́jasu gāyata (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
मि॒त्राय (mitrā́ya)
to Mitra
प्र (prá)
forth
aryamṇे (aryamṇé)
to Aryaman
स॒चथ्यं (sacathyàm)
worthy of association, pleasing
ऋ॒ता॒व॒सो (r̥tāvaso)
O dweller in cosmic order
व॒रू॒थ्यं१ (varūthyàm)
protective, sheltering
व॒रुणे (váruṇe)
to Varuṇa
छन्द्यं (chándyam)
desirable, pleasing
वचः (vácaḥ)
word, praise
स्तो॒त्रं (stotrám)
praise, hymn
राज॑सु (rā́jasu)
to the kings
गायत (gāyata)
sing (you all)
Stanza 8.101.6
ते हि॑न्विरे अरु॒णं जेन्यं॒ वस्वेकं॑ पु॒त्रं ति॑सॄ॒णाम् | ते धामा॑न्य॒मृता॒ मर्त्या॑ना॒मद॑ब्धा अ॒भि च॑क्षते ||
té hinvire aruṇáṁ jényaṁ vásv ékam putráṁ tisr̥r̥ṇā́m té dhā́māny amŕ̥tā mártyānām ádabdhā abhí cakṣate
They (Mitra and Varuṇa) have sent forth the brilliant, desirable wealth, the single son of the three. Those immortal ones, un-deceived, survey the realms of mortals.
This verse refers to the divine powers as 'immortal' beings who possess great wealth and brilliance, symbolized by the 'red treasure' and 'one son' from three mothers. These deities, who are not deceived, survey humanity, indicating their watchful presence and benevolent oversight over the mortal world.
Meter:
- A. ते हि॒न्वि॒रे अरु॒णं जेन्यं व॒स्वे té hinvire aruṇám jényam vásu (12 syllables)
- B. एकं पु॒त्रं ति॒सॄ॒णां ékam putrám tisr̥̄ṇā́m (9 syllables)
- C. ते धामा॑नि अ॒मृताः म॒त्यानां té dhā́māni amŕ̥tāḥ mártyānām (12 syllables)
- D. अद॑ब्धाः अभि च॒क्ष॒ते ádabdhāḥ abhí cakṣate (8 syllables)
ते (té)
they
हि॒न्वि॒रे (hinvire)
they sent forth, they moved
अरु॒णं (aruṇám)
red, brilliant
जेन्यं (jényam)
desirable, winning
व॒स्वे (vásu)
wealth, treasure
एकं (ékam)
one
पु॒त्रं (putrám)
son
ति॒सॄ॒णां (tisr̥̄ṇā́m)
of the three
ते (té)
they
धामा॑नि (dhā́māni)
realms, abodes, families
अ॒मृताः (amŕ̥tāḥ)
immortals
म॒त्यानां (mártyānām)
of mortals
अद॑ब्धाः (ádabdhāḥ)
un-deceived, unerring
अभि (abhí)
around, over
च॒क्ष॒ते (cakṣate)
they see, they behold
Stanza 8.101.7
आ मे॒ वचां॒स्युद्य॑ता द्यु॒मत्त॑मानि॒ कर्त्वा॑ | उ॒भा या॑तं नासत्या स॒जोष॑सा॒ प्रति॑ ह॒व्यानि॑ वी॒तये॑ ||
ā́ me vácāṁsy údyatā dyumáttamāni kártvā ubhā́ yātaṁ nāsatyā sajóṣasā práti havyā́ni vītáye
Come, O Nasatyas, with joyful minds, to my uplifted, most splendid words and deeds, to receive the offerings.
The speaker calls upon the divine twins, the Nasatyas (Ashvins), to approach. They are invited to come to the sacrifice with favorable thoughts and to partake in the offerings, which are described as splendid and worthy of performance. The verse highlights the expectation of the divine presence and acceptance of the rituals.
Meter: Brhati
- A. आ मे वचां॒सि द्य॒ता ā́ me vácāṃsi údyatā (8 syllables)
- B. द्युमत्त॑मानि कर्त्वा dyumáttamāni kártvā (8 syllables)
- C. उ॒भा या॒तं नासत्या स॒जो॒षसा ubhā́ yātam nāsatyā sajóṣasā (12 syllables)
- D. प्रति ह॒व्यानि वी॒तये práti havyā́ni vītáye (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
come
मे (me)
my
वचां॒सि (vácāṃsi)
words
द्य॒ता (údyatā)
uplifted, raised
द्युमत्त॑मानि (dyumáttamāni)
most splendid, most brilliant
कर्त्वा (kártvā)
to be done, deeds
उ॒भा (ubhā́)
both
या॒तं (yātam)
come (you two)
नासत्या (nāsatyā)
O Nasatyas (Ashvins)
स॒जो॒षसा (sajóṣasā)
with one mind, with accord
प्रति (práti)
towards, to receive
ह॒व्यानि (havyā́ni)
offerings
वी॒तये (vītáye)
for enjoyment, for consumption
Stanza 8.101.8
रा॒तिं यद्वा॑मर॒क्षसं॒ हवा॑महे यु॒वाभ्यां॑ वाजिनीवसू | प्राचीं॒ होत्रां॑ प्रति॒रन्ता॑वितं नरा गृणा॒ना ज॒मद॑ग्निना ||
rātíṁ yád vām arakṣásaṁ hávāmahe yuvā́bhyāṁ vājinīvasū prā́cīṁ hótrām pratirántāv itaṁ narā gr̥ṇānā́ jamádagninā
O possessors of wealth and strength, when we invoke your unhindered bounty, you two, the chiefs lauded by Jamadagni, come to enjoy our eastward offerings.
This verse is addressed to the Ashvins, invoked as 'Vājinīvasū' (possessors of wealth and strength). The speaker calls for their bounty, which is free from demonic obstruction, and asks them to come with their aid, as those who support the eastward-facing offerings. They are praised as chiefs lauded by Jamadagni.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. रा॒तिं यद् वाम अ॒र॒क्ष॒सं ह॒वा॒म॒हे rātím yát vām arakṣásam hávāmahe (12 syllables)
- B. यु॒वाभ्यां वाजिनीव॑सू yuvā́bhyām vājinīvasū (8 syllables)
- C. प्राचीं होत्रां प्रति॒रन्ता॑व इ॒तं नरा prā́cīm hótrām pratirántau itam narā (12 syllables)
- D. गृ॒णा॒ना ज॒मद॑ग्निना gr̥ṇānā́ jamádagninā (8 syllables)
रा॒तिं (rātím)
bounty, gift
यद् (yát)
which
वाम (vām)
your (dual)
अ॒र॒क्ष॒सं (arakṣásam)
unhindered by demons, unhindered
ह॒वा॒म॒हे (hávāmahe)
we invoke
यु॒वाभ्यां (yuvā́bhyām)
by you two
वाजिनीव॑सू (vājinīvasū)
O possessors of wealth and strength
प्राचीं (prā́cīm)
eastward-facing
होत्रां (hótrām)
offering, praise
प्रति॒रन्ता॑व (pratirántau)
furthering, supporting
इ॒तं (itam)
come (you two)
नरा (narā)
O chiefs, O heroes
गृ॒णा॒ना (gr̥ṇānā́)
praising, lauding
ज॒मद॑ग्निना (jamádagninā)
by Jamadagni
Stanza 8.101.9
आ नो॑ य॒ज्ञं दि॑वि॒स्पृशं॒ वायो॑ या॒हि सु॒मन्म॑भिः | अ॒न्तः प॒वित्र॑ उ॒परि॑ श्रीणा॒नो॒३॒॑ऽयं शु॒क्रो अ॑यामि ते ||
ā́ no yajñáṁ divispŕ̥śaṁ vā́yo yāhí sumánmabhiḥ antáḥ pavítra upári śrīṇānò 'yáṁ śukró ayāmi te
O Vayu, come with good thoughts to our sacrifice that reaches heaven. Poured into the strainer, bright, above, it is offered to you.
This verse is an invitation to Vayu, the wind god, to come to the sacrifice. The speaker requests Vayu to approach with good thoughts and praises, drawn by hymns that reach the heavens. The offering is described as being purified and bright, signifying its suitability for the deity.
Meter: Brhati
- A. आ नः य॒ज्ञं दि॒वि॒स्पृशं ā́ naḥ yajñám divispŕ̥śam (8 syllables)
- B. वायो॑ या॒हि सु॒मन्म॑भिः vā́yo yāhí sumánmabhiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अ॒न्तः प॒वित्र॑ उ॒परि श्री॒णा॒नो antár pavítre upári śrīṇānáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अयं शु॒क्रः अयामि ते ayám śukráḥ ayāmi te (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
come
नः (naḥ)
our
य॒ज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice
दि॒वि॒स्पृशं (divispŕ̥śam)
touching the sky, reaching heaven
वायो॑ (vā́yo)
O Vayu
या॒हि (yāhí)
come
सु॒मन्म॑भिः (sumánmabhiḥ)
with good thoughts, with praises
अ॒न्तः (antár)
within, among
प॒वित्र॑ (pavítre)
in the strainer, filter
उ॒परि (upári)
above, on top
श्री॒णा॒नो (śrīṇānáḥ)
poured, flowing
अयं (ayám)
this
शु॒क्रः (śukráḥ)
bright, pure
अयामि (ayāmi)
is offered, is presented
ते (te)
to you
Stanza 8.101.10
वेत्य॑ध्व॒र्युः प॒थिभी॒ रजि॑ष्ठैः॒ प्रति॑ ह॒व्यानि॑ वी॒तये॑ | अधा॑ नियुत्व उ॒भय॑स्य नः पिब॒ शुचिं॒ सोमं॒ गवा॑शिरम् ||
véty adhvaryúḥ pathíbhī rájiṣṭhaiḥ práti havyā́ni vītáye ádhā niyutva ubháyasya naḥ piba śúciṁ sómaṁ gávāśiram
The Adhvaryu priest comes by the straightest paths to taste the offerings. Then, O lord of harnessed teams, drink for us the pure Soma mixed with milk.
This verse describes the Adhvaryu priest, who comes through the clearest paths to the sacrifice to taste the offerings. It then addresses the deity, possibly Vayu again, as 'niyutvaḥ' (lord of harnessed teams), inviting them to drink a mixed Soma, implying a rich and potent offering.
Meter:
- A. वेत्य अध्व॒र्युः प॒थिभी र॒जि॒ष्ठैः véti adhvaryúḥ pathíbhiḥ rájiṣṭhaiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. प्रति ह॒व्यानि वी॒तये práti havyā́ni vītáye (8 syllables)
- C. नियुत्व उ॒भय॑स्य नः पिब ádha + niyutvaḥ ubháyasya naḥ piba (12 syllables)
- D. शु॒चिं सोमं गवा॑शि॒रं śúcim sómam gávāśiram (8 syllables)
वेत्य (véti)
comes, goes
अध्व॒र्युः (adhvaryúḥ)
the Adhvaryu priest
प॒थिभी (pathíbhiḥ)
by paths
र॒जि॒ष्ठैः (rájiṣṭhaiḥ)
straightest, most direct
प्रति (práti)
towards
ह॒व्यानि (havyā́ni)
offerings
वी॒तये (vītáye)
for tasting, for enjoyment
(ádha +)
नियुत्व (niyutvaḥ)
O lord of harnessed teams/powers
उ॒भय॑स्य (ubháyasya)
of the twofold
नः (naḥ)
for us
पिब (piba)
drink
शु॒चिं (śúcim)
pure, bright
सोमं (sómam)
Soma (drink)
गवा॑शि॒रं (gávāśiram)
mixed with milk
Stanza 8.101.11
बण्म॒हाँ अ॑सि सूर्य॒ बळा॑दित्य म॒हाँ अ॑सि | म॒हस्ते॑ स॒तो म॑हि॒मा प॑नस्यते॒ऽद्धा दे॑व म॒हाँ अ॑सि ||
báṇ mahā́m̐ asi sūrya báḷ āditya mahā́m̐ asi mahás te sató mahimā́ panasyate 'ddhā́ deva mahā́m̐ asi
Truly, O Sun, you are great. Truly, O Aditya, you are great. Your greatness, existing, is admired. Indeed, O divine one, you are great.
This verse is a powerful affirmation of the greatness of Surya (the Sun) and Aditya. The speaker repeatedly declares their immense stature and magnificence. The greatness of the Sun is not only acknowledged but also admired, emphasizing its inherent divine power and majesty.
Meter: Brhati
- A. बळा म॒हाँ असि सूर्य báṭ mahā́n asi sūrya (8 syllables)
- B. बळा आदि॒त्य म॒हाँ असि báṭ āditya mahā́n asi (8 syllables)
- C. म॒हः ते स॒तो महि॒मा प॒न॒स्य॒ते maháḥ te satáḥ mahimā́ panasyate (12 syllables)
- D. अ॒द्धा दे॒व म॒हाँ असि addhā́ deva mahā́n asi (8 syllables)
बळा (báṭ)
verily, indeed
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
great
असि (asi)
you are
सूर्य (sūrya)
O Sun
बळा (báṭ)
verily, indeed
आदि॒त्य (āditya)
O Aditya (son of Aditi, Sun)
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
great
असि (asi)
you are
म॒हः (maháḥ)
greatness
ते (te)
your
स॒तो (satáḥ)
existing, being
महि॒मा (mahimā́)
greatness, glory
प॒न॒स्य॒ते (panasyate)
is praised, is admired
अ॒द्धा (addhā́)
indeed, truly
दे॒व (deva)
O divine one
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
great
असि (asi)
you are
Stanza 8.101.12
बट् सू॑र्य॒ श्रव॑सा म॒हाँ अ॑सि स॒त्रा दे॑व म॒हाँ अ॑सि | म॒ह्ना दे॒वाना॑मसु॒र्यः॑ पु॒रोहि॑तो वि॒भु ज्योति॒रदा॑भ्यम् ||
báṭ sūrya śrávasā mahā́m̐ asi satrā́ deva mahā́m̐ asi mahnā́ devā́nām asuryàḥ puróhito vibhú jyótir ádābhyam
Verily, O Sun, you are great in fame. Constantly, O divine one, you are great. By your greatness, you are the divine high priest of the gods, a pervasive, unconquerable light.
This stanza continues the praise of Surya (Sun) and Aditya, emphasizing their enduring greatness and divine status. Surya is described as great in fame, and the divine Aditya is eternally great. He is portrayed as the high priest of the gods, a pervasive, divine, and unconquerable light.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. बट् सू॒र्य श्र॒व॒सा म॒हाँ असि báṭ sūrya śrávasā mahā́n asi (12 syllables)
- B. स॒त्रा दे॒व म॒हाँ असि satrā́ deva mahā́n asi (8 syllables)
- C. म॒ह्ना दे॒वानां अ॒सु॒र्यः पु॒रोहि॑तः mahnā́ devā́nām asuryàḥ puróhitaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वि॒भु ज्योतिः अ॒दा॒भ्यं vibhú jyótiḥ ádābhyam (8 syllables)
बट् (báṭ)
verily, indeed
सू॒र्य (sūrya)
O Sun
श्र॒व॒सा (śrávasā)
by fame, by glory
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
great
असि (asi)
you are
स॒त्रा (satrā́)
always, constantly
दे॒व (deva)
O divine one
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
great
असि (asi)
you are
म॒ह्ना (mahnā́)
by greatness
दे॒वानां (devā́nām)
of the gods
अ॒सु॒र्यः (asuryàḥ)
divine, mighty
पु॒रोहि॑तः (puróhitaḥ)
high priest, appointed leader
वि॒भु (vibhú)
pervading, widespread
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light
अ॒दा॒भ्यं (ádābhyam)
unconquerable, invincible
Stanza 8.101.13
इ॒यं या नीच्य॒र्किणी॑ रू॒पा रोहि॑ण्या कृ॒ता | चि॒त्रेव॒ प्रत्य॑दर्श्याय॒त्य१॒॑न्तर्द॒शसु॑ बा॒हुषु॑ ||
iyáṁ yā́ nī́cy arkíṇī rūpā́ róhiṇyā kr̥tā́ citréva práty adarśy āyaty àntár daśásu bāhúṣu
She, descending, adorned, fashioned with various forms, like a variegated one, appeared moving with the ten arms.
This stanza poetically describes a phenomenon, perhaps lightning or a bright ray, as a female entity. She is depicted as descending ('nīcī'), adorned with light ('arkíṇī'), and made of various colors ('rūpā', 'citrā'). This bright entity is seen moving with many 'arms,' possibly representing branches or rays, amidst the ten directions.
Meter: Brhati
- A. इ॒यं या नी॒च्य अ॒र्किणी iyám yā́ nī́cī arkíṇī (8 syllables)
- B. रू॒पा रोहि॑ण्या कृ॒ता rūpā́ róhiṇyā kr̥tā́ (8 syllables)
- C. चि॒त्रेव इव प्र॒ति अद॑र्शि आ॒य॒त्य१ citrā́ iva práti adarśi āyatī́ (12 syllables)
- D. अ॒न्तर्द दशसु बा॒हुषु antár daśásu bāhúṣu (8 syllables)
इ॒यं (iyám)
this
या (yā́)
who
नी॒च्य (nī́cī)
descending, bending low
अ॒र्किणी (arkíṇī)
radiant, shining
रू॒पा (rūpā́)
forms, shapes
रोहि॑ण्या (róhiṇyā)
with reddish hue, like Rohini (a star)
कृ॒ता (kr̥tā́)
made, fashioned
चि॒त्रेव (citrā́)
variegated, colorful
इव (iva)
like
प्र॒ति (práti)
towards
अद॑र्शि (adarśi)
was seen, appeared
आ॒य॒त्य१ (āyatī́)
extending, moving
अ॒न्तर्द (antár)
amidst, within
दशसु (daśásu)
in the ten
बा॒हुषु (bāhúṣu)
arms, rays
Stanza 8.101.14
प्र॒जा ह॑ ति॒स्रो अ॒त्याय॑मीयु॒र्न्य१॒॑न्या अ॒र्कम॒भितो॑ विविश्रे | बृ॒हद्ध॑ तस्थौ॒ भुव॑नेष्व॒न्तः पव॑मानो ह॒रित॒ आ वि॑वेश ||
prajā́ ha tisró atyā́yam īyur ny ànyā́ arkám abhíto viviśre br̥hád dha tasthau bhúvaneṣv antáḥ pávamāno haríta ā́ viveśa
Three generations have passed. The next has entered the sun. That mighty one has stood within the worlds, entering the green plants.
This verse reflects on the passage of time and generations. It states that three generations have passed and entered a higher realm ('atyāyam'). The fourth generation has entered the sun ('arkam'), and the purifying, brilliant essence ('pavamānaḥ', 'haritaḥ') has taken its place within the cosmos ('bhuvaneṣu') and entered the plants.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र॒जा ह ति॒स्रो अ॒त्याय॑ ईयुः prajā́ḥ ha tisráḥ atyā́yam īyuḥ (11 syllables)
- B. न्य१ अ॒न्या अ॒र्कम अ॒भितो विवि॒श्रे ní anyā́ḥ arkám abhítas viviśre (11 syllables)
- C. बृ॒हद् ह तस्थौ भुव॑नेष्व अ॒न्तः br̥hát ha tasthau bhúvaneṣu antár (11 syllables)
- D. पव॑मानो हरि॒त आ विवेश pávamānaḥ harítaḥ ā́ viveśa (11 syllables)
प्र॒जा (prajā́ḥ)
generations, beings
ह (ha)
indeed, particle
ति॒स्रो (tisráḥ)
three
अ॒त्याय॑ (atyā́yam)
beyond, to the other side
ईयुः (īyuḥ)
they went, they passed
न्य१ (ní)
down, into
अ॒न्या (anyā́ḥ)
the next, others
अ॒र्कम (arkám)
the sun
अ॒भितो (abhítas)
around, on all sides
विवि॒श्रे (viviśre)
entered, settled
बृ॒हद् (br̥hát)
mighty, great
ह (ha)
indeed, particle
तस्थौ (tasthau)
stood, remained
भुव॑नेष्व (bhúvaneṣu)
in the worlds, in the realms
अ॒न्तः (antár)
within
पव॑मानो (pávamānaḥ)
purifying, flowing
हरि॒त (harítaḥ)
green, yellowish-green
आ (ā́)
into
विवेश (viveśa)
entered
Stanza 8.101.15
मा॒ता रु॒द्राणां॑ दुहि॒ता वसू॑नां॒ स्वसा॑दि॒त्याना॑म॒मृत॑स्य॒ नाभिः॑ | प्र नु वो॑चं चिकि॒तुषे॒ जना॑य॒ मा गामना॑गा॒मदि॑तिं वधिष्ट ||
mātā́ rudrā́ṇāṁ duhitā́ vásūnāṁ svásādityā́nām amŕ̥tasya nā́bhiḥ prá nú vocaṁ cikitúṣe jánāya mā́ gā́m ánāgām áditiṁ vadhiṣṭa
The Mother of the Rudras, the Daughter of the Vasus, the Sister of the Adityas, the center of immortality. I shall proclaim to the understanding person: Do not harm Aditi, the sinless cow.
This verse describes a divine feminine principle, referred to as the 'Mother of the Rudras,' 'Daughter of the Vasus,' and 'Sister of the Adityas.' She is the 'navel of nectar' (center of immortality). The speaker proclaims that they will declare this to those who understand, warning them not to harm 'Aditi,' the cow, who is sinless and represents a primal divine mother.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मा॒ता रु॒द्राणां दुहि॒ता व॒सू॒नां mātā́ rudrā́ṇām duhitā́ vásūnām (11 syllables)
- B. स्व॒सा अ॒दि॒त्यानां अ॒मृतस्य नाभिः svásā ādityā́nām amŕ̥tasya nā́bhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. प्र नु वो॒चं चि॒कि॒तुषे जनाय prá nú vocam cikitúṣe jánāya (11 syllables)
- D. मा गां अनागां अदि॑तिं वधिष्ट mā́ gā́m ánāgām áditim vadhiṣṭa (11 syllables)
मा॒ता (mātā́)
mother
रु॒द्राणां (rudrā́ṇām)
of the Rudras
दुहि॒ता (duhitā́)
daughter
व॒सू॒नां (vásūnām)
of the Vasus
स्व॒सा (svásā)
sister
अ॒दि॒त्यानां (ādityā́nām)
of the Adityas
अ॒मृतस्य (amŕ̥tasya)
of immortality, of nectar
नाभिः (nā́bhiḥ)
navel, center
प्र (prá)
forth
नु (nú)
indeed, now
वो॒चं (vocam)
I spoke, I declared
चि॒कि॒तुषे (cikitúṣe)
to the one who understands, to the wise
जनाय (jánāya)
to the person, to the man
मा (mā́)
not
गां (gā́m)
the cow
अनागां (ánāgām)
sinless, blameless
अदि॑तिं (áditim)
Aditi (the mother goddess)
वधिष्ट (vadhiṣṭa)
harm, kill (imperative plural)
Stanza 8.101.16
व॒चो॒विदं॒ वाच॑मुदी॒रय॑न्तीं॒ विश्वा॑भिर्धी॒भिरु॑प॒तिष्ठ॑मानाम् | दे॒वीं दे॒वेभ्यः॒ पर्ये॒युषीं॒ गामा मा॑वृक्त॒ मर्त्यो॑ द॒भ्रचे॑ताः ||
vacovídaṁ vā́cam udīráyantīṁ víśvābhir dhībhír upatíṣṭhamānām devī́ṁ devébhyaḥ páry eyúṣīṁ gā́m ā́ māvr̥kta mártyo dabhrácetāḥ
The man of weak intellect has wrongly approached me, the goddess, coming from the gods, skilled in speech, praised with all devotions.
This verse critiques those with 'weak intellect' ('dabhracetaḥ') who have wrongly adopted this divine entity (referred to as 'Gā' - the cow, or perhaps speech) as if she were a mere mortal offering. The speaker clarifies that this entity is a Goddess, coming from the gods, skilled in speech, and approached with all devotions. This contrasts the divine nature with the misunderstanding of the unenlightened.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वचो॒विदं वाचं उदी॒रय॑न्तीं vacovídam vā́cam udīráyantīm (11 syllables)
- B. विश्वा॑भिः धी॒भिः उ॒प॒तिष्ठ॑मानाम् víśvābhiḥ dhībhíḥ upatíṣṭhamānām (11 syllables)
- C. दे॒वी दे॒वेभ्यः प॒रि ए॒युषीं गां devī́m devébhyaḥ pári eyúṣīm gā́m (11 syllables)
- D. आ मा मावृक्त म॒र्त्यः द॒भ्रचे॑ताः ā́ mā avr̥kta mártyaḥ dabhrácetāḥ (11 syllables)
वचो॒विदं (vacovídam)
skilled in speech
वाचं (vā́cam)
speech, voice
उदी॒रय॑न्तीं (udīráyantīm)
uttering, raising
विश्वा॑भिः (víśvābhiḥ)
with all
धी॒भिः (dhībhíḥ)
thoughts, devotions
उ॒प॒तिष्ठ॑मानाम् (upatíṣṭhamānām)
approaching, attending
दे॒वी (devī́m)
the Goddess
दे॒वेभ्यः (devébhyaḥ)
from the gods
प॒रि (pári)
around, about
ए॒युषीं (eyúṣīm)
having come
गां (gā́m)
the cow (symbolic)
आ (ā́)
towards, to
मा (mā)
me
मावृक्त (avr̥kta)
took up, adopted
म॒र्त्यः (mártyaḥ)
mortal man
द॒भ्रचे॑ताः (dabhrácetāḥ)
of weak intellect, foolish