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Stanza 7.9.1
अबो॑धि जा॒र उ॒षसा॑मु॒पस्था॒द्धोता॑ म॒न्द्रः क॒वित॑मः पाव॒कः | दधा॑ति के॒तुमु॒भय॑स्य ज॒न्तोर्ह॒व्या दे॒वेषु॒ द्रवि॑णं सु॒कृत्सु॑ ||
ábodhi jārá uṣásām upásthād dhótā mandráḥ kavítamaḥ pāvakáḥ dádhāti ketúm ubháyasya jantór havyā́ devéṣu dráviṇaṁ sukŕ̥tsu
Awakened from the embrace of the dawns, the delightful priest, the wisest and purest, has come forth. He establishes a connection for both creatures, offering oblations to the gods and wealth to the doers of good deeds.
This stanza introduces the divine priest, Agni, as awakening at dawn. He is described as a beloved, joyful, wise, and purifying figure who serves as a mediator. Agni's role is to facilitate communication and offerings between the gods and humans, ensuring that divine favors and riches are bestowed upon the righteous.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अबोधि जारः उषसाम् उपस्थात् ábodhi jāráḥ uṣásām upásthāt (11 syllables)
- B. होता मन्द्रः कवितमः पावकः hótā mandráḥ kavítamaḥ pāvakáḥ (11 syllables)
- C. दधाति केतुम् उभयस्य जन्तोः dádhāti ketúm ubháyasya jantóḥ (11 syllables)
- D. हव्या देवेषु द्रविणम् सुकृत्सु havyā́ devéṣu dráviṇam sukŕ̥tsu (11 syllables)
अबोधि (ábodhi)
awakened, became aware
जारः (jāráḥ)
beloved, charming one
उषसाम् (uṣásām)
of the dawns
उपस्थात् (upásthāt)
from the embrace, proximity
होता (hótā)
priest, one who offers oblations
मन्द्रः (mandráḥ)
joyful, delightful
कवितमः (kavítamaḥ)
most wise, most knowing
पावकः (pāvakáḥ)
purifier, cleanser
दधाति (dádhāti)
places, establishes, gives
केतुम् (ketúm)
signal, banner, sign
उभयस्य (ubháyasya)
of both
जन्तोः (jantóḥ)
of the creature, being
हव्या (havyā́)
oblations, offerings
देवेषु (devéṣu)
among the gods
द्रविणम् (dráviṇam)
wealth, riches
सुकृत्सु (sukŕ̥tsu)
among the doers of good deeds, the pious
Stanza 7.9.2
स सु॒क्रतु॒र्यो वि दुरः॑ पणी॒नां पु॑ना॒नो अ॒र्कं पु॑रु॒भोज॑सं नः | होता॑ म॒न्द्रो वि॒शां दमू॑नास्ति॒रस्तमो॑ ददृशे रा॒म्याणा॑म् ||
sá sukrátur yó ví dúraḥ paṇīnā́m punānó arkám purubhójasaṁ naḥ hótā mandró viśā́ṁ dámūnās tirás támo dadr̥śe rāmyā́ṇām
He is wise, the one who forcefully opened the doors of the Panis, purifying and bringing us the Sun, which nourishes many. The delightful priest, familiar to the people, becomes visible, overcoming the darkness.
This stanza praises Agni, identified as the wise priest, for his power in overcoming obstacles. He is depicted as forcefully opening the barriers of the avaricious Panis, thereby releasing the sun (symbolizing knowledge and prosperity) for humanity. Agni also acts as a source of nourishment and a protector of homes, becoming visible even through the deepest darkness.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स सुक्रतुः यः वि दुरः पणीनाम् sá sukrátuḥ yáḥ ví dúraḥ paṇīnā́m (11 syllables)
- B. पुनानः अर्कम् पुरुभोजनसम् नः punānáḥ arkám purubhójasam naḥ (11 syllables)
- C. होता मन्द्रः विशाम् दमूनाः hótā mandráḥ viśā́m dámūnāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. तिरस् तमः ददृशे रम्याणाम् tirás támaḥ dadr̥śe rāmyā́ṇām (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
सुक्रतुः (sukrátuḥ)
wise, possessing good intelligence
यः (yáḥ)
who
वि (ví)
apart, asunder (prefix indicating forceful action)
दुरः (dúraḥ)
doors, gates
पणीनाम् (paṇīnā́m)
of the Panis (merchants/hoarders)
पुनानः (punānáḥ)
purifying, cleansing
अर्कम् (arkám)
bright, sun, light
पुरुभोजनसम् (purubhójasam)
nourishing many, rich in sustenance
नः (naḥ)
to us
होता (hótā)
priest, offerer
मन्द्रः (mandráḥ)
joyful, delightful
विशाम् (viśā́m)
of the people, settlements
दमूनाः (dámūnāḥ)
dwelling at home, hospitable
तिरस् (tirás)
across, beyond
तमः (támaḥ)
darkness
ददृशे (dadr̥śe)
is seen, appears
रम्याणाम् (rāmyā́ṇām)
of the beautiful, delightful things
Stanza 7.9.3
अमू॑रः क॒विरदि॑तिर्वि॒वस्वा॑न्त्सुसं॒सन्मि॒त्रो अति॑थिः शि॒वो नः॑ | चि॒त्रभा॑नुरु॒षसां॑ भा॒त्यग्रे॒ऽपां गर्भः॑ प्र॒स्व१॒॑ आ वि॑वेश ||
ámūraḥ kavír áditir vivásvān susaṁsán mitró átithiḥ śivó naḥ citrábhānur uṣásām bhāty ágre 'pā́ṁ gárbhaḥ prasvà ā́ viveśa
Unaging, wise, and boundless, the radiant one, a friend with good attendants, a gracious guest, shines forth with brilliant light before the dawns. He has entered into the offspring of the waters.
This stanza continues the description of Agni, highlighting his divine qualities. He is depicted as being unaging, wise, boundless, and radiant, a friend and guest who brings auspiciousness. Agni appears with brilliant light before the dawn and is described as the 'child of waters', suggesting his birth or manifestation from the elemental forces, entering into new life.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अमूरः कविः अदितिः विवस्वान् ámūraḥ kavíḥ áditiḥ vivásvān (11 syllables)
- B. सुसंसन् मित्रः अतिथिः शिवः नः susaṃsát mitráḥ átithiḥ śiváḥ naḥ (11 syllables)
- C. चित्रभानुः उषसाम् भाति अINGRE citrábhānuḥ uṣásām bhāti ágre (11 syllables)
- D. अपाम् गर्भः प्रस्वः आ विवेश apā́m gárbhaḥ prasvàḥ ā́ viveśa (11 syllables)
अमूरः (ámūraḥ)
unaging, not decaying
कविः (kavíḥ)
wise, seer
अदितिः (áditiḥ)
boundless, infinite (epithet of deities)
विवस्वान् (vivásvān)
shining, radiant, brilliant
सुसंसन् (susaṃsát)
with good companions, well-attended
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
friend
अतिथिः (átithiḥ)
guest
शिवः (śiváḥ)
auspicious, gracious, benevolent
नः (naḥ)
to us
चित्रभानुः (citrábhānuḥ)
possessing brilliant light, variegated splendor
उषसाम् (uṣásām)
of the dawns
भाति (bhāti)
shines, appears
अINGRE (ágre)
in front, before
अपाम् (apā́m)
of the waters
गर्भः (gárbhaḥ)
child, offspring, embryo
प्रस्वः (prasvàḥ)
of the newly born, young shoots
आ (ā́)
into
विवेश (viveśa)
entered
Stanza 7.9.4
ई॒ळेन्यो॑ वो॒ मनु॑षो यु॒गेषु॑ समन॒गा अ॑शुचज्जा॒तवे॑दाः | सु॒सं॒दृशा॑ भा॒नुना॒ यो वि॒भाति॒ प्रति॒ गावः॑ समिधा॒नं बु॑धन्त ||
īḷényo vo mánuṣo yugéṣu samanagā́ aśucaj jātávedāḥ susaṁdŕ̥śā bhānúnā yó vibhā́ti práti gā́vaḥ samidhānám budhanta
Adorable through the ages of men in your assemblies, O Jātavedas, you have shone, gleaming with your beautiful radiance. The cows have understood you when kindled.
This verse invokes Agni, referred to as Jātavedas (knower of all births), as worthy of adoration throughout human ages and gatherings. He is described as shining brilliantly with his beautiful radiance. The stanza poetically states that the cows (symbolizing prosperity and sustenance) have awakened to understand or recognize him when he is kindled or aroused.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ईळेन्यः वः मनुषः युगेषु īḷényaḥ vaḥ mánuṣaḥ yugéṣu (11 syllables)
- B. समनागाः अशुचत् जातवेदाः samanagā́ḥ aśucat jātávedāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. सुसंईशा भानुना यः विभाति susaṃdŕ̥śā bhānúnā yáḥ vibhā́ti (11 syllables)
- D. प्रति गावः समिधानम् बुधन्त práti gā́vaḥ samidhānám budhanta (11 syllables)
ईळेन्यः (īḷényaḥ)
worthy of adoration, praise
वः (vaḥ)
your
मनुषः (mánuṣaḥ)
of man, human
युगेषु (yugéṣu)
in the ages, yokes
समनागाः (samanagā́ḥ)
coming together, assemblies
अशुचत् (aśucat)
shone, gleamed
जातवेदाः (jātávedāḥ)
knower of all births (epithet of Agni)
सुसंईशा (susaṃdŕ̥śā)
with beautiful appearance, pleasant to see
भानुना (bhānúnā)
with radiance, light
यः (yáḥ)
who
विभाति (vibhā́ti)
shines forth, is brilliant
प्रति (práti)
towards, facing
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
समिधानम् (samidhānám)
when enkindled, made bright
बुधन्त (budhanta)
understood, awoke to
Stanza 7.9.5
अग्ने॑ या॒हि दू॒त्यं१॒॑ मा रि॑षण्यो दे॒वाँ अच्छा॑ ब्रह्म॒कृता॑ ग॒णेन॑ | सर॑स्वतीं म॒रुतो॑ अ॒श्विना॒पो यक्षि॑ दे॒वान्र॑त्न॒धेया॑य॒ विश्वा॑न् ||
ágne yāhí dūtyàm mā́ riṣaṇyo devā́m̐ áchā brahmakŕ̥tā gaṇéna sárasvatīm marúto aśvínāpó yákṣi devā́n ratnadhéyāya víśvān
Agni, go swiftly on your mission to the gods, accompanied by the divine assembly. Gather all the gods—Sarasvatī, Maruts, Aśvins, and Waters—to bestow riches.
The stanza is an invocation by the seer Vasishtha to Agni, asking him to undertake his divine messenger duty to the gods. Agni is urged to go quickly and not falter, accompanied by a group of divine beings ('brahmakŕ̥tā gaṇéna'). The verse then calls upon Agni to gather all the gods—Sarasvatī, Maruts, Aśvins, and Waters—to be present for the purpose of bestowing riches.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अग्ने याहि दृत्यं मा रिषन्यः ágne yāhí dūtyàm mā́ riṣaṇyaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. देवान् अच्छा ब्रह्मकृता गणेन devā́n ácha + brahmakŕ̥tā gaṇéna (11 syllables)
- C. सरस्वतीम् मरुतः अश्विना अपः sárasvatīm marútaḥ aśvínā apáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. यक्षि देवान् रत्नधेयाय विश्वान् yákṣi devā́n ratnadhéyāya víśvān (11 syllables)
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
याहि (yāhí)
go
दृत्यं (dūtyàm)
as a messenger, message
मा (mā́)
not
रिषन्यः (riṣaṇyaḥ)
fail, falter, suffer loss
देवान् (devā́n)
the gods
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards, to
ब्रह्मकृता (brahmakŕ̥tā)
created by prayers, divine
गणेन (gaṇéna)
with the group, assembly
सरस्वतीम् (sárasvatīm)
Sarasvatī (goddess of rivers and wisdom)
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm deities)
अश्विना (aśvínā)
Aśvins (twin gods of dawn, health)
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
यक्षि (yákṣi)
worship, honor, gather
देवान् (devā́n)
the gods
रत्नधेयाय (ratnadhéyāya)
for the bestowing of treasures, riches
विश्वान् (víśvān)
all
Stanza 7.9.6
त्वाम॑ग्ने समिधा॒नो वसि॑ष्ठो॒ जरू॑थं ह॒न्यक्षि॑ रा॒ये पुरं॑धिम् | पु॒रु॒णी॒था जा॑तवेदो जरस्व यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ||
tvā́m agne samidhānó vásiṣṭho járūthaṁ han yákṣi rāyé púraṁdhim puruṇīthā́ jātavedo jarasva yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ
O Agni, Vasishtha, enkindling you, has conquered Jarūtha. Grant us wealth and protection. O Jātavedas, sing praises. You Gods, always protect us with blessings.
The seer Vasishtha addresses Agni directly, stating that by kindling him, he has overcome an obstacle or enemy named Jarūtha. The plea is for Agni to grant wealth and a strong defense ('pūrandhim'). The verse concludes with a broader invocation to Agni (as Jātavedas) to praise and sing, and a collective prayer to the gods ('You Gods') to protect 'us' with blessings always.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वाम् अग्ने समिधानः वसिष्ठः tvā́m agne samidhānáḥ vásiṣṭhaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. जरूथम् हन् यक्षि राय पुरंधिम् járūtham han yákṣi rāyé púraṃdhim (11 syllables)
- C. पुरुणीथा जातवेदः जरस्व puruṇīthā́ jātavedaḥ jarasva (11 syllables)
- D. यूयम् पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ (11 syllables)
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
समिधानः (samidhānáḥ)
having enkindled, kindled
वसिष्ठः (vásiṣṭhaḥ)
Vasishtha (the seer)
जरूथम् (járūtham)
Jarūtha (name of an enemy or obstacle)
हन् (han)
strike, kill, overcome
यक्षि (yákṣi)
worship, honour, praise
राय (rāyé)
for wealth, riches
पुरंधिम् (púraṃdhim)
fortification, protection, city
पुरुणीथा (puruṇīthā́)
many, abundant (often referring to provisions or wealth)
जातवेदः (jātavedaḥ)
O Jātavedas (knower of births, epithet of Agni)
जरस्व (jarasva)
sing, praise, celebrate
यूयम् (yūyám)
you (plural)
पात (pāta)
protect, guard
स्वस्तिभिः (svastíbhiḥ)
with blessings, well-being
सदा (sádā)
always, ever
नः (naḥ)
us