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Stanza 7.79.1
व्यु१॒॑षा आ॑वः प॒थ्या॒३॒॑ जना॑नां॒ पञ्च॑ क्षि॒तीर्मानु॑षीर्बो॒धय॑न्ती | सु॒सं॒दृग्भि॑रु॒क्षभि॑र्भा॒नुम॑श्रे॒द्वि सूर्यो॒ रोद॑सी॒ चक्ष॑सावः ||
vy ùṣā́ āvaḥ pathyāā̀ jánānām páñca kṣitī́r mā́nuṣīr bodháyantī susaṁdŕ̥gbhir ukṣábhir bhānúm aśred ví sū́ryo ródasī cákṣasāvaḥ
The Dawn awakens, opening the paths for all people across the five settlements. With her brilliant, strong radiance, she makes the world visible. The Sun, too, with its light, illuminates the earth and the sky.
The Dawn, a radiant goddess, awakens and opens the paths for all people, the five human settlements. She is depicted as driving beautiful, strong 'oxen' (representing her brilliance and power), which help her spread her light and make the world visible. As the Dawn appears, the Sun also rises, illuminating both the earth and the sky.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वि उषः आवः पथ्या जनानां ví uṣā́ḥ āvaḥ pathyā̀ jánānām (11 syllables)
- B. पञ्च क्षितीः मानुषीः बोधयन्ती páñca kṣitī́ḥ mā́nuṣīḥ bodháyantī (11 syllables)
- C. सुसंदृग्भिः उक्षभिः भानुं अश्रेत् susaṃdŕ̥gbhiḥ ukṣábhiḥ bhānúm aśret (11 syllables)
- D. वि सूर्यः रोदसी चक्षसा अवार ví sū́ryaḥ ródasī cákṣasā āvar (11 syllables)
वि (ví)
particle indicating separation or distribution
उषः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
आवः (āvaḥ)
opened
पथ्या (pathyā̀)
paths
जनानां (jánānām)
of the people/humans
पञ्च (páñca)
five
क्षितीः (kṣitī́ḥ)
settlements/dwellings
मानुषीः (mā́nuṣīḥ)
human
बोधयन्ती (bodháyantī)
making aware, awakening
सुसंदृग्भिः (susaṃdŕ̥gbhiḥ)
beautifully shining/appearing
उक्षभिः (ukṣábhiḥ)
oxen (symbolic of strength/power)
भानुं (bhānúm)
light, radiance
अश्रेत् (aśret)
spread, extended
वि (ví)
particle indicating separation or distribution
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
Sun
रोदसी (ródasī)
earth and sky (dual)
चक्षसा (cákṣasā)
with sight, with appearance
अवार (āvar)
covered, enclosed
Stanza 7.79.2
व्य॑ञ्जते दि॒वो अन्ते॑ष्व॒क्तून्विशो॒ न यु॒क्ता उ॒षसो॑ यतन्ते | सं ते॒ गाव॒स्तम॒ आ व॑र्तयन्ति॒ ज्योति॑र्यच्छन्ति सवि॒तेव॑ बा॒हू ||
vy àñjate divó ánteṣv aktū́n víśo ná yuktā́ uṣáso yatante sáṁ te gā́vas táma ā́ vartayanti jyótir yachanti savitéva bāhū́
They spread their bright rays to the limits of the sky. The Dawns advance like organized groups. These forces of light push away the darkness. Just as the Sun spreads its arms, they bring forth light.
The Dawn's bright colors spread across the edges of the sky. The Dawns, like organized groups or tribes, advance with purpose. These forces of dawn (symbolized as 'cows' or light-bearers) dispel the darkness. Just as the Sun (Savitar) extends its arms to bring the day, these Dawns bring forth light.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वि अञ्जते दिवः अन्तेषु अक्तून् ví añjate diváḥ ánteṣu aktū́n (11 syllables)
- B. विशः न युक्ताः उषसः यतन्ते víśaḥ ná yuktā́ḥ uṣásaḥ yatante (11 syllables)
- C. सं ते गावः तमः आ वर्तयन्ति sám te gā́vaḥ támaḥ ā́ vartayanti (11 syllables)
- D. ज्योतिः यच्छन्ति सविता इव बाहू jyótiḥ yachanti savitā́ iva bāhū́ (11 syllables)
वि (ví)
particle indicating separation or distribution
अञ्जते (añjate)
anoint, adorn, shine
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
अन्तेषु (ánteṣu)
at the boundaries, at the ends
अक्तून् (aktū́n)
rays, splendors
विशः (víśaḥ)
tribes, groups
न (ná)
like, as
युक्ताः (yuktā́ḥ)
joined, organized
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
Dawns
यतन्ते (yatante)
strive, exert themselves
सं (sám)
together, completely
ते (te)
your (referring to the Dawns)
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows (symbolic of light, nourishment)
तमः (támaḥ)
darkness
आ (ā́)
particle, often indicating motion towards
वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti)
turn, cause to move
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light
यच्छन्ति (yachanti)
extend, reach
सविता (savitā́)
Savitar (the Sun God)
इव (iva)
like, as
बाहू (bāhū́)
arms (dual)
Stanza 7.79.3
अभू॑दु॒षा इन्द्र॑तमा म॒घोन्यजी॑जनत्सुवि॒ताय॒ श्रवां॑सि | वि दि॒वो दे॒वी दु॑हि॒ता द॑धा॒त्यङ्गि॑रस्तमा सु॒कृते॒ वसू॑नि ||
ábhūd uṣā́ índratamā maghóny ájījanat suvitā́ya śrávāṁsi ví divó devī́ duhitā́ dadhāty áṅgirastamā sukŕ̥te vásūni
The Dawn has risen, most powerful like Indra, and full of riches. She has created praises for our well-being. As the sky's divine daughter, she gives gifts to the pious. She is the most effective of the Angiras beings, bestowing wealth.
The Dawn has risen, surpassing all others in brilliance, like the great god Indra. She has generated praises that will bring good fortune and well-being. As the divine daughter of the sky, she distributes abundant treasures to those who are pious and perform good deeds. She is also described as the most potent 'Angiras' (a divine being associated with fire and prosperity).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अभूत् उषः इन्द्रतमा मघोन ábhūt uṣā́ḥ índratamā maghónī (11 syllables)
- B. अजीजनत् सुविताय श्रवांसि ájījanat suvitā́ya śrávāṃsi (11 syllables)
- C. वि दिवः देवी दुहिता दधाति ví diváḥ devī́ duhitā́ dadhāti (11 syllables)
- D. अङ्गिरस्तमा सुकृते वसूनि áṅgirastamā sukŕ̥te vásūni (11 syllables)
अभूत् (ábhūt)
became, arose
उषः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
इन्द्रतमा (índratamā)
most like Indra
मघोन (maghónī)
wealthy, rich
अजीजनत् (ájījanat)
generated, brought forth
सुविताय (suvitā́ya)
for well-being, for good fortune
श्रवांसि (śrávāṃsi)
praises, glories, fame
वि (ví)
particle indicating separation or distribution
दिवः (diváḥ)
of the sky
देवी (devī́)
goddess
दुहिता (duhitā́)
daughter
दधाति (dadhāti)
places, gives, distributes
अङ्गिरस्तमा (áṅgirastamā)
most powerful Angiras
सुकृते (sukŕ̥te)
to the doer of good deeds, to the pious
वसूनि (vásūni)
treasures, riches
Stanza 7.79.4
ताव॑दुषो॒ राधो॑ अ॒स्मभ्यं॑ रास्व॒ याव॑त्स्तो॒तृभ्यो॒ अर॑दो गृणा॒ना | यां त्वा॑ ज॒ज्ञुर्वृ॑ष॒भस्या॒ रवे॑ण॒ वि दृ॒ळ्हस्य॒ दुरो॒ अद्रे॑रौर्णोः ||
tā́vad uṣo rā́dho asmábhyaṁ rāsva yā́vat stotŕ̥bhyo árado gr̥ṇānā́ yā́ṁ tvā jajñúr vr̥ṣabhásyā ráveṇa ví dr̥ḷhásya dúro ádrer aurṇoḥ
O Dawn, grant us a bounty as great as you gave to those who praised you. You, who were awakened by the roaring of a bull, opened the strong doors of the mountain.
The speaker implores the Dawn to grant them a bounty equal to the praise she has received from her worshippers. They invoke her power, likening her to a bull whose bellow (sound) awakens and opens the strong gates of the mountain, which implies overcoming obstacles and bringing forth benefits.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तावत् उषः राधः अस्मभ्यं रास्व tā́vat uṣaḥ rā́dhaḥ asmábhyam rāsva (11 syllables)
- B. यावत् स्तोतृभ्यः अरदः गृणाना yā́vat stotŕ̥bhyaḥ áradaḥ gr̥ṇānā́ (11 syllables)
- C. यां त्वा जज्ञुः वृषभस्य रवेण yā́m tvā jajñúḥ vr̥ṣabhásya + ráveṇa (11 syllables)
- D. वि दृढस्य दुरो अद्रेः और्णोः ví dr̥ḷhásya dúraḥ ádreḥ aurṇoḥ (12 syllables)
तावत् (tā́vat)
so much, as much
उषः (uṣaḥ)
O Dawn
राधः (rā́dhaḥ)
bounty, gift
अस्मभ्यं (asmábhyam)
to us
रास्व (rāsva)
grant, bestow
यावत् (yā́vat)
as much as
स्तोतृभ्यः (stotŕ̥bhyaḥ)
to the praisers, to the singers
अरदः (áradaḥ)
you granted, you gave
गृणाना (gr̥ṇānā́)
praising, singing
यां (yā́m)
whom
त्वा (tvā)
you
जज्ञुः (jajñúḥ)
they knew, they realized
वृषभस्य (vr̥ṣabhásya +)
of the bull
रवेण (ráveṇa)
with the roar, with the sound
वि (ví)
particle indicating separation or distribution
दृढस्य (dr̥ḷhásya)
firm, strong, solid
दुरो (dúraḥ)
doors, gates
अद्रेः (ádreḥ)
of the mountain
और्णोः (aurṇoḥ)
you opened
Stanza 7.79.5
दे॒वंदे॑वं॒ राध॑से चो॒दय॑न्त्यस्म॒द्र्य॑क्सू॒नृता॑ ई॒रय॑न्ती | व्यु॒च्छन्ती॑ नः स॒नये॒ धियो॑ धा यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ||
deváṁ-devaṁ rā́dhase codáyanty asmadryàk sūnŕ̥tā īráyantī vyuchántī naḥ sanáye dhíyo dhā yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ
Urging every god towards granting bounty, the Dawn sends forth inspiring words for us. As she breaks through the darkness, she gives us thoughts for our gain. O Gods, protect us always with blessings.
The Dawn, as she appears, urges every god to give riches. She sends forth inspiring words and joyous utterances for us. As she breaks through the darkness, she brings forth thoughts for our success and prosperity. The verse concludes with a plea to the gods to protect them always with blessings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. देवं-देवं राधसे चोदयन्ती deváṃ-devam rā́dhase codáyantī (11 syllables)
- B. अस्मद्र्यक् सूनृताः ईरयन्ती asmadryàk sūnŕ̥tāḥ īráyantī (11 syllables)
- C. व्युच्छन्ती नः सनये धियो धाः vyuchántī naḥ sanáye dhíyaḥ dhāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ (11 syllables)
देवं-देवं (deváṃ-devam)
each god
राधसे (rā́dhase)
for bounty, for riches
चोदयन्ती (codáyantī)
urging, inciting
अस्मद्र्यक् (asmadryàk)
towards us, for us
सूनृताः (sūnŕ̥tāḥ)
joyful words, pleasant utterances
ईरयन्ती (īráyantī)
sending forth, inspiring
व्युच्छन्ती (vyuchántī)
breaking forth, dawning
नः (naḥ)
us
सनये (sanáye)
for gain, for acquisition
धियो (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, intentions
धाः (dhāḥ)
you should place, you should give
यूयं (yūyám)
you (plural, referring to gods)
पात (pāta)
protect, guard
स्वस्तिभिः (svastíbhiḥ)
with blessings, with well-being
सदा (sádā)
always
नः (naḥ)
us