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Stanza 5.81.1
यु॒ञ्जते॒ मन॑ उ॒त यु॑ञ्जते॒ धियो॒ विप्रा॒ विप्र॑स्य बृह॒तो वि॑प॒श्चितः॑ | वि होत्रा॑ दधे वयुना॒विदेक॒ इन्म॒ही दे॒वस्य॑ सवि॒तुः परि॑ष्टुतिः ||
yuñjáte mána utá yuñjate dhíyo víprā víprasya br̥ható vipaścítaḥ ví hótrā dadhe vayunāvíd éka ín mahī́ devásya savitúḥ páriṣṭutiḥ
The wise priests harness their minds and also harness their thoughts. The great, wise Savitr, who knows all actions, assigns the sacred rites. His praise alone is mighty.
This verse describes the act of priests (viprāḥ) preparing themselves and their thoughts for a ritual. They harness their minds and intentions, directing them towards the great and wise deity Savitr. Savitr, in turn, is presented as the one who assigns specific ritualistic duties (hotrāḥ) based on his knowledge of actions and intentions, highlighting his supreme role in the divine order and the magnificence of his praise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. मनः उत युञ्जते धियो yuñjáte mánaḥ utá yuñjate dhíyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. विप्राः विप्रस्य बृहतो विपश्वितः víprāḥ víprasya br̥hatáḥ vipaścítaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. वि होत्रा दधे वयुनाविद् एकः इत् ví hótrāḥ dadhe vayunāvít ékaḥ ít (12 syllables)
- D. मही देवस्य सवितुः परिष्टुतिः mahī́ devásya savitúḥ páriṣṭutiḥ (12 syllables)
(yuñjáte)
मनः (mánaḥ)
mind, thought
उत (utá)
and, also
युञ्जते (yuñjate)
harness, yoke, join
धियो (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, intentions, intellect
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
wise, inspired ones, priests
विप्रस्य (víprasya)
of the wise one
बृहतो (br̥hatáḥ)
great, vast
विपश्वितः (vipaścítaḥ)
wise, knowing
वि (ví)
apart, verily
होत्रा (hótrāḥ)
sacred rites, priestly functions
दधे (dadhe)
established, placed, assigned
वयुनाविद् (vayunāvít)
knower of actions, all-knowing
एकः (ékaḥ)
one, alone
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly
मही (mahī́)
great, mighty
देवस्य (devásya)
of the god
सवितुः (savitúḥ)
of Savitr (the impeller, the sun)
परिष्टुतिः (páriṣṭutiḥ)
praise, eulogy
Stanza 5.81.2
विश्वा॑ रू॒पाणि॒ प्रति॑ मुञ्चते क॒विः प्रासा॑वीद्भ॒द्रं द्वि॒पदे॒ चतु॑ष्पदे | वि नाक॑मख्यत्सवि॒ता वरे॒ण्योऽनु॑ प्र॒याण॑मु॒षसो॒ वि रा॑जति ||
víśvā rūpā́ṇi práti muñcate kavíḥ prā́sāvīd bhadráṁ dvipáde cátuṣpade ví nā́kam akhyat savitā́ váreṇyó 'nu prayā́ṇam uṣáso ví rājati
The wise seer adorns himself with all forms, and for two-legged and four-legged beings, he brings forth good. The excellent Savitr revealed the celestial realm and shines forth following the dawn's departure.
This verse praises the deity Savitr, portraying him as a cosmic artist and sustainer. Savitr, the 'Kavi' (seer/poet), adorns himself with all forms and brings forth well-being for all creatures, both two-legged (humans) and four-legged (animals). He reveals the celestial realm ('heaven's high vault') and shines brilliantly in succession with the dawn, symbolizing his role in bringing light and order to the universe.
Meter: Jagati
- A. विश्वा रूपाणि प्रति मुञ्चते कविः víśvā rūpā́ṇi práti muñcate kavíḥ (12 syllables)
- B. प्र असावीत् भद्रं द्विपदे चतुष्पदे prá asāvīt bhadrám dvipáde cátuṣpade (12 syllables)
- C. वि नाकं अख्यत् सविता वरेण्यः ví nā́kam akhyat savitā́ váreṇyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अनु प्रयाणं उषसः वि राजति ánu prayā́ṇam uṣásaḥ ví rājati (12 syllables)
विश्वा (víśvā)
all, every
रूपाणि (rūpā́ṇi)
forms, shapes
प्रति (práti)
towards, fittingly
मुञ्चते (muñcate)
attires himself, adorns himself
कविः (kavíḥ)
seer, poet, wise one
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
असावीत् (asāvīt)
brought forth, generated
भद्रं (bhadrám)
good, auspicious
द्विपदे (dvipáde)
for the two-footed
चतुष्पदे (cátuṣpade)
for the four-footed
वि (ví)
apart, verily
नाकं (nā́kam)
heaven, sky, celestial realm
अख्यत् (akhyat)
revealed, made visible
सविता (savitā́)
Savitr (the impeller, the sun)
वरेण्यः (váreṇyaḥ)
desirable, excellent, worthy of choice
अनु (ánu)
after, following
प्रयाणं (prayā́ṇam)
going forth, departure
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
of the dawn
वि (ví)
apart, verily
राजति (rājati)
shines, rules
Stanza 5.81.3
यस्य॑ प्र॒याण॒मन्व॒न्य इद्य॒युर्दे॒वा दे॒वस्य॑ महि॒मान॒मोज॑सा | यः पार्थि॑वानि विम॒मे स एत॑शो॒ रजां॑सि दे॒वः स॑वि॒ता म॑हित्व॒ना ||
yásya prayā́ṇam ánv anyá íd yayúr devā́ devásya mahimā́nam ójasā yáḥ pā́rthivāni vimamé sá étaśo rájāṁsi deváḥ savitā́ mahitvanā́
The gods followed the majestic course of the divine Savitr with their strength. He who measured the terrestrial regions, that god Savitr is the swift courser through his greatness.
This verse describes Savitr as a divine force that commands universal adherence and power. His 'going forth' is followed by other gods, who are drawn by his majesty and strength. Savitr is also depicted as the cosmic measurer, having precisely delineated the earthly regions. The hymn identifies him as the 'Courser' (or swift chariot/mover), a powerful entity named Savitr who governs all through his immense greatness and might.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यस्य प्रयाणं अनु अन्ये इत् युयुर् yásya prayā́ṇam ánu anyé ít yayúḥ (12 syllables)
- B. देवाः देवस्य महिमानं ओजसा devā́ḥ devásya mahimā́nam ójasā (12 syllables)
- C. यः पार्थिवानि विममे सः एतशः yáḥ pā́rthivāni vimamé sáḥ étaśaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. रजांसि देवः सविता महित्वना rájāṃsi deváḥ savitā́ mahitvanā́ (12 syllables)
यस्य (yásya)
whose
प्रयाणं (prayā́ṇam)
going forth, movement
अनु (ánu)
following, along with
अन्ये (anyé)
others
इत् (ít)
indeed
युयुर् (yayúḥ)
went, followed
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
देवस्य (devásya)
of the god
महिमानं (mahimā́nam)
greatness, glory, majesty
ओजसा (ójasā)
with strength, with might
यः (yáḥ)
who
पार्थिवानि (pā́rthivāni)
terrestrial, earthly
विममे (vimamé)
measured out, delimited
सः (sáḥ)
he
एतशः (étaśaḥ)
swift courser, swift mover
रजांसि (rájāṃsi)
regions, realms
देवः (deváḥ)
god
सविता (savitā́)
Savitr (the impeller, the sun)
महित्वना (mahitvanā́)
by greatness, by might
Stanza 5.81.4
उ॒त या॑सि सवित॒स्त्रीणि॑ रोच॒नोत सूर्य॑स्य र॒श्मिभिः॒ समु॑च्यसि | उ॒त रात्री॑मुभ॒यतः॒ परी॑यस उ॒त मि॒त्रो भ॑वसि देव॒ धर्म॑भिः ||
utá yāsi savitas trī́ṇi rocanótá sū́ryasya raśmíbhiḥ sám ucyasi utá rā́trīm ubhayátaḥ párīyasa utá mitró bhavasi deva dhármabhiḥ
You travel, Savitr, to the three shining regions; you unite with the sun's rays. You encompass the night on both sides. O God, by your laws you become Mitra (friend).
This verse addresses Savitr directly, acknowledging his vast influence over cosmic phenomena. It states that he travels to the three luminous regions of the sky, combines with the sun's rays, and encompasses the night from both sides. The verse concludes by recognizing Savitr's benevolent and governing nature, identifying him as Mitra (a divine aspect associated with friendship and order) because of his righteous laws and principles that maintain cosmic harmony.
Meter: Jagati
- A. उत यासि सविitar त्रीणि रोचना utá yāsi savitar trī́ṇi rocanā́ (12 syllables)
- B. उत सूर्यस्य रश्मिभिः सम् उच्यसि utá sū́ryasya raśmíbhiḥ sám ucyasi (12 syllables)
- C. उत रात्रीं उभयतः परि ईयसे utá rā́trīm ubhayátas pári īyase (12 syllables)
- D. उत मित्रः भवसि देव धर्मभिः utá mitráḥ bhavasi deva dhármabhiḥ (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and, also
यासि (yāsi)
you go, you travel
सविitar (savitar)
O Savitr
त्रीणि (trī́ṇi)
three
रोचना (rocanā́)
shining regions, heavens
उत (utá)
and, also
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
रश्मिभिः (raśmíbhiḥ)
with rays
सम् (sám)
together, with
उच्यसि (ucyasi)
you unite, you join
उत (utá)
and, also
रात्रीं (rā́trīm)
the night
उभयतः (ubhayátas)
on both sides
परि (pári)
around, about
ईयसे (īyase)
you move, you encompass
उत (utá)
and, also
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
friend, Mitra (a divine aspect)
भवसि (bhavasi)
you become, you are
देव (deva)
O God
धर्मभिः (dhármabhiḥ)
by laws, by principles
Stanza 5.81.5
उ॒तेशि॑षे प्रस॒वस्य॒ त्वमेक॒ इदु॒त पू॒षा भ॑वसि देव॒ याम॑भिः | उ॒तेदं विश्वं॒ भुव॑नं॒ वि रा॑जसि श्या॒वाश्व॑स्ते सवितः॒ स्तोम॑मानशे ||
utéśiṣe prasavásya tvám éka íd utá pūṣā́ bhavasi deva yā́mabhiḥ utédáṁ víśvam bhúvanaṁ ví rājasi śyāvā́śvas te savita stómam ānaśe
You alone, O God, rule over creation and procreation. You also become Pūṣan in your activities. You brilliantly rule over this entire world. To you, O Savitr, Śyāvāśva has offered praise.
This verse continues to extol Savitr's supreme authority and multifaceted divine nature. It declares that Savitr alone rules over creation and procreation ('prasavasya'). He is also identified as Pūṣan, the sustainer and nourisher, in all his activities. Furthermore, Savitr is said to brilliantly preside over the entire universe. The verse concludes with a specific dedication from the seer Śyāvāśva, who offers his hymn of praise to Savitr.
Meter: Jagati
- A. उत ईशिषे प्रसवस्य त्वं एकः इत् utá īśiṣe prasavásya tvám ékaḥ ít (12 syllables)
- B. उत पूषा भवसि देव यामभिः utá pūṣā́ bhavasi deva yā́mabhiḥ (12 syllables)
- C. उत इदं विश्वं भुवनं वि राजसि utá idám víśvam bhúvanam ví rājasi (12 syllables)
- D. श्यावाश्वः ते सवितर स्तोमं आनशे śyāvā́śvaḥ te savitar stómam ānaśe (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and, also
ईशिषे (īśiṣe)
you rule, you are lord
प्रसवस्य (prasavásya)
of procreation, of creation, of generation
त्वं (tvám)
you
एकः (ékaḥ)
one, alone
इत् (ít)
indeed
उत (utá)
and, also
पूषा (pūṣā́)
Pūṣan (the sustainer, nourisher)
भवसि (bhavasi)
you become, you are
देव (deva)
O God
यामभिः (yā́mabhiḥ)
by movements, by activities
उत (utá)
and, also
इदं (idám)
this
विश्वं (víśvam)
all, entire
भुवनं (bhúvanam)
world, universe, existence
वि (ví)
apart, verily
राजसि (rājasi)
you rule, you shine
श्यावाश्वः (śyāvā́śvaḥ)
Syavashva (a sage)
ते (te)
to you
सवितर (savitar)
O Savitr
स्तोमं (stómam)
praise, hymn
आनशे (ānaśe)
reached, attained, obtained