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Stanza 4.5.1
वै॒श्वा॒न॒राय॑ मी॒ळ्हुषे॑ स॒जोषाः॑ क॒था दा॑शेमा॒ग्नये॑ बृ॒हद्भाः | अनू॑नेन बृह॒ता व॒क्षथे॒नोप॑ स्तभायदुप॒मिन्न रोधः॑ ||
vaiśvānarā́ya mīḷhúṣe sajóṣāḥ kathā́ dāśemāgnáye br̥hád bhā́ḥ ánūnena br̥hatā́ vakṣáthenópa stabhāyad upamín ná ródhaḥ
How shall we, with one accord, offer to Vaiśvānara Agni, the giver, the magnificent? With his abundant greatness, he has uplifted and supported this great expanse, like a pillar sustaining a roof.
The stanza is a prayer to Agni, the divine fire, invoked as Vaiśvānara, who is both bounteous and all-pervading. The speaker asks how they can best offer oblations to him, acknowledging his immense power and support, likening it to a pillar holding up a roof. The focus is on how to approach and honor this powerful deity with appropriate offerings and devotion.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वैश्वा • मीळ्हु • स • vaiśvānarā́ya mīḷhúṣe sajóṣāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. कथा दा • अग्न • बृ • भाः kathā́ dāśema agnáye br̥hát bhā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अन • बृ • व • ánūnena br̥hatā́ vakṣáthena (11 syllables)
- D. उप • उप • न रोधः úpa stabhāyat upamít ná ródhaḥ (11 syllables)
वैश्वा • (vaiśvānarā́ya)
to Vaiśvānara (Agni, the universal fire)
मीळ्हु • (mīḷhúṣe)
to the bounteous, generous
स • (sajóṣāḥ)
with one accord, in agreement
कथा (kathā́)
how, in what way
दा • (dāśema)
shall we offer, shall we give
अग्न • (agnáye)
to Agni (the fire god)
बृ • (br̥hát)
great, vast
भाः (bhā́ḥ)
light, radiance
अन • (ánūnena)
without deficiency, completely
बृ • (br̥hatā́)
great, mighty
व • (vakṣáthena)
with sustenance, with growth
उप (úpa)
up, near
• (stabhāyat)
he supported, he sustained
उप • (upamít)
like a pillar, like a support
न (ná)
as, like
रोधः (ródhaḥ)
a supporting structure, a roof
Stanza 4.5.2
मा नि॑न्दत॒ य इ॒मां मह्यं॑ रा॒तिं दे॒वो द॒दौ मर्त्या॑य स्व॒धावा॑न् | पाका॑य॒ गृत्सो॑ अ॒मृतो॒ विचे॑ता वैश्वान॒रो नृत॑मो य॒ह्वो अ॒ग्निः ||
mā́ nindata yá imā́m máhyaṁ rātíṁ devó dadaú mártyāya svadhā́vān pā́kāya gŕ̥tso amŕ̥to vícetā vaiśvānaró nŕ̥tamo yahvó agníḥ
Do not reproach Him, the self-dependent one, who has given this bounty to me, the god to the mortal, the wise immortal, the most manly, active Agni Vaiśvānara.
The speaker urges that Agni Vaiśvānara, the divine giver of abundance and wisdom, should not be criticized. This god, who is self-sufficient and has bestowed great gifts upon mortals, is wise, immortal, and the most heroic among beings. The stanza emphasizes gratitude and respect towards this benevolent deity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मा नि • यः इ • म • रा • mā́ nindata yáḥ imā́m máhyam rātím (11 syllables)
- B. दे • द • म • स्व • deváḥ dadaú mártyāya svadhā́vān (11 syllables)
- C. पा • गृ • अ • वि • pā́kāya gŕ̥tsaḥ amŕ̥taḥ vícetāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. वै • नृ • य • अ • vaiśvānaráḥ nŕ̥tamaḥ yahváḥ agníḥ (11 syllables)
मा (mā́)
do not
नि • (nindata)
reproach, blame
यः (yáḥ)
he who
इ • (imā́m)
this
म • (máhyam)
to me
रा • (rātím)
gift, bounty
दे • (deváḥ)
the god
द • (dadaú)
gave, bestowed
म • (mártyāya)
to the mortal
स्व • (svadhā́vān)
self-reliant, powerful
पा • (pā́kāya)
to the skillful one, clever one
गृ • (gŕ̥tsaḥ)
wise, discerning
अ • (amŕ̥taḥ)
immortal
वि • (vícetāḥ)
discerning, wise
वै • (vaiśvānaráḥ)
Vaiśvānara (Agni)
नृ • (nŕ̥tamaḥ)
most manly, most heroic
य • (yahváḥ)
active, vigorous
अ • (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
Stanza 4.5.3
साम॑ द्वि॒बर्हा॒ महि॑ ति॒ग्मभृ॑ष्टिः स॒हस्र॑रेता वृष॒भस्तुवि॑ष्मान् | प॒दं न गोरप॑गूळ्हं विवि॒द्वान॒ग्निर्मह्यं॒ प्रेदु॑ वोचन्मनी॒षाम् ||
sā́ma dvibárhā máhi tigmábhr̥ṣṭiḥ sahásraretā vr̥ṣabhás túviṣmān padáṁ ná gór ápagūḷhaṁ vividvā́n agnír máhyam préd u vocan manīṣā́m
Agni, the sharp-pointed, the mighty bull with thousandfold seed, has proclaimed to me the great, doubly-powerful Sāman, the prayer, having found, as it were, the hidden track of a cow.
The speaker describes Agni as a powerful and potent deity, possessing sharp brilliance, immense energy, and vast generative power. He is compared to a strong bull. Agni has revealed a profound and sacred hymn, the Sāman, to the speaker, which is as precious and as meticulously found as tracing the hidden track of a cow.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सा • द्वि • म • ति • sā́ma dvibárhāḥ máhi tigmábhr̥ṣṭiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. स • वृ • तु • sahásraretāḥ vr̥ṣabháḥ túviṣmān (11 syllables)
- C. प • न गोः अ • वि • padám ná góḥ ápagūḷham vividvā́n (11 syllables)
- D. अ • म • प्र इत् उ • म • agníḥ máhyam prá ít u vocat manīṣā́m (11 syllables)
सा • (sā́ma)
a sacred chant or hymn
द्वि • (dvibárhāḥ)
doubly powerful
म • (máhi)
great
ति • (tigmábhr̥ṣṭiḥ)
sharp-edged, keen-gleaming
स • (sahásraretāḥ)
having a thousand seeds, highly generative
वृ • (vr̥ṣabháḥ)
bull
तु • (túviṣmān)
powerful, strong
प • (padám)
footstep, track
न (ná)
as, like
गोः (góḥ)
of a cow
अ • (ápagūḷham)
hidden, concealed
वि • (vividvā́n)
having known, having found
अ • (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
म • (máhyam)
to me
प्र (prá)
forth, onward
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly
उ (u)
and
• (vocat)
he proclaimed, he spoke
म • (manīṣā́m)
prayer, hymn, thought
Stanza 4.5.4
प्र ताँ अ॒ग्निर्ब॑भसत्ति॒ग्मज॑म्भ॒स्तपि॑ष्ठेन शो॒चिषा॒ यः सु॒राधाः॑ | प्र ये मि॒नन्ति॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ धाम॑ प्रि॒या मि॒त्रस्य॒ चेत॑तो ध्रु॒वाणि॑ ||
prá tā́m̐ agnír babhasat tigmájambhas tápiṣṭhena śocíṣā yáḥ surā́dhāḥ prá yé minánti váruṇasya dhā́ma priyā́ mitrásya cétato dhruvā́ṇi
May Agni, the giver of great wealth, with sharp jaws, consume with his hottest flames those who violate the laws of Varuna and the dear, steadfast principles of attentive Mitra.
This stanza is a solemn invocation for Agni, the sharp-toothed and fiery god, to consume those who disregard the divine laws established by Varuna and Mitra. Agni is called upon to use his fiercest flames against those who transgress the righteous order, emphasizing the consequences of violating cosmic principles.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र ता • अ • ब • ति • prá tā́n agníḥ babhasat tigmájambhaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. त • शो • यः सु • tápiṣṭhena śocíṣā yáḥ surā́dhāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. प्र ये मि • व • धा • prá yé minánti váruṇasya dhā́ma (11 syllables)
- D. प्रि • मि • चे • ध्रु • priyā́ mitrásya cétataḥ dhruvā́ṇi (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, onwards
ता • (tā́n)
them
अ • (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
ब • (babhasat)
may consume, may devour
ति • (tigmájambhaḥ)
with sharp jaws
त • (tápiṣṭhena)
with the hottest
शो • (śocíṣā)
with flame, with radiance
यः (yáḥ)
he who
सु • (surā́dhāḥ)
possessing great wealth, generous
प्र (prá)
forth, onwards
ये (yé)
those who
मि • (minánti)
violate, transgress
व • (váruṇasya)
of Varuna (the sky god)
धा • (dhā́ma)
laws, ordinances, abode
प्रि • (priyā́)
dear, beloved
मि • (mitrásya)
of Mitra (the sun god, friend)
चे • (cétataḥ)
attentive, understanding
ध्रु • (dhruvā́ṇi)
steadfast, permanent
Stanza 4.5.5
अ॒भ्रा॒तरो॒ न योष॑णो॒ व्यन्तः॑ पति॒रिपो॒ न जन॑यो दु॒रेवाः॑ | पा॒पासः॒ सन्तो॑ अनृ॒ता अ॑स॒त्या इ॒दं प॒दम॑जनता गभी॒रम् ||
abhrātáro ná yóṣaṇo vyántaḥ patirípo ná jánayo durévāḥ pāpā́saḥ sánto anr̥tā́ asatyā́ idám padám ajanatā gabhīrám
Those who roam like brotherless girls, who act wickedly like wives deceiving their husbands, being wicked, sinful, untrue, and unrighteous—they have created this profound abyss for themselves.
This stanza describes a group of people characterized by their uncontrolled behavior, likened to unmarried girls or unfaithful wives. They are depicted as wicked, sinful, untruthful, and lacking in righteousness. Their actions have led them to create a profound and difficult situation for themselves, implying a self-inflicted downfall.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अ • न यो • व्य • abhrātáraḥ ná yóṣaṇaḥ vyántaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. प • न ज • दु • patirípaḥ ná jánayaḥ durévāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. पा • स • अ • अ • pāpā́saḥ sántaḥ anr̥tā́ḥ asatyā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इ • प • • ग • idám padám ajanata + gabhīrám (11 syllables)
अ • (abhrātáraḥ)
without brothers
न (ná)
like, as
यो • (yóṣaṇaḥ)
women, girls
व्य • (vyántaḥ)
roaming, wandering
प • (patirípaḥ)
deceiving husbands, treacherous
न (ná)
like, as
ज • (jánayaḥ)
wives, women
दु • (durévāḥ)
wicked, evil-acting
पा • (pāpā́saḥ)
sinful
स • (sántaḥ)
being
अ • (anr̥tā́ḥ)
unrighteous, untrue
अ • (asatyā́ḥ)
untruthful, false
इ • (idám)
this
प • (padám)
place, position, abyss
• (ajanata +)
they created, they brought forth
ग • (gabhīrám)
deep, profound
Stanza 4.5.6
इ॒दं मे॑ अग्ने॒ किय॑ते पाव॒कामि॑नते गु॒रुं भा॒रं न मन्म॑ | बृ॒हद्द॑धाथ धृष॒ता ग॑भी॒रं य॒ह्वं पृ॒ष्ठं प्रय॑सा स॒प्तधा॑तु ||
idám me agne kíyate pāvakā́minate gurúm bhāráṁ ná mánma br̥hád dadhātha dhr̥ṣatā́ gabhīráṁ yahvám pr̥ṣṭhám práyasā saptádhātu
To me, insignificant and innocent, O purifying Agni, you have boldly placed this great hymn, like a heavy burden, profound, vigorous, with seven components.
The speaker addresses Agni, the purifier, acknowledging their own insignificance and innocence. They express that Agni has boldly placed upon them a significant and profound burden, like a heavy load. This burden is described as a great hymn (Prishtha), comprising seven elements and possessing deep significance, implying a divine responsibility or task assigned by Agni.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इ • मे अ • कि • पा • idám me agne kíyate pāvaka (11 syllables)
- B. अ • गु • भा • न म • áminate gurúm bhārám ná mánma (11 syllables)
- C. बृ • द • धृ • ग • br̥hát dadhātha dhr̥ṣatā́ gabhīrám (11 syllables)
- D. य • पृ • प्र • स • yahvám pr̥ṣṭhám práyasā saptádhātu (11 syllables)
इ • (idám)
this
मे (me)
to me
अ • (agne)
O Agni (fire god)
कि • (kíyate)
insignificant, small
पा • (pāvaka)
O purifier
अ • (áminate)
innocent, blameless
गु • (gurúm)
heavy, weighty
भा • (bhārám)
burden, load
न (ná)
as, like
म • (mánma)
hymn, offering, thought
बृ • (br̥hát)
great, large
द • (dadhātha)
you have placed, you have set
धृ • (dhr̥ṣatā́)
boldly, courageously
ग • (gabhīrám)
deep, profound
य • (yahvám)
vigorous, mighty
पृ • (pr̥ṣṭhám)
the Prishtha hymn
प्र • (práyasā)
with food, with offering
स • (saptádhātu)
having seven components
Stanza 4.5.7
तमिन्न्वे॒३॒॑व स॑म॒ना स॑मा॒नम॒भि क्रत्वा॑ पुन॒ती धी॒तिर॑श्याः | स॒सस्य॒ चर्म॒न्नधि॒ चारु॒ पृश्ने॒रग्रे॑ रु॒प आरु॑पितं॒ जबा॑रु ||
tám ín nv èvá samanā́ samānám abhí krátvā punatī́ dhītír aśyāḥ sasásya cármann ádhi cā́ru pŕ̥śner ágre rupá ā́rupitaṁ jábāru
May our purifying prayer, through its strength, reach Him who is universal and alike (to all), on the beautiful skin of the earth, at the summit, above that which is placed and resplendent.
The speaker prays that their purifying chant, empowered by their wisdom and devotion, may reach the universal deity. This deity, residing in a high and beautiful place, is associated with the earth's verdant surface. The stanza evokes imagery of divine presence and the accessibility of the divine through sincere prayer.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त • इत् नु एव स • स • tám ít nú evá samanā́ samānám (11 syllables)
- B. अ • क्र • पु • धी • अ • abhí krátvā punatī́ dhītíḥ aśyāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. स • च • अ • चा • पृ • sasásya cárman ádhi cā́ru pŕ̥śneḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अ • रु • आ • ज • ágre rupáḥ ā́rupitam jábāru (11 syllables)
त • (tám)
him
इत् (ít)
indeed
नु (nú)
now
एव (evá)
thus, so
स • (samanā́)
equal, alike
स • (samānám)
universal, common
अ • (abhí)
towards, to
क्र • (krátvā)
by strength, by power
पु • (punatī́)
purifying
धी • (dhītíḥ)
prayer, thought, devotion
अ • (aśyāḥ)
may reach, may attain
स • (sasásya)
of the herb, of the grass
च • (cárman)
skin, surface
अ • (ádhi)
upon, above
चा • (cā́ru)
beautiful, pleasant
पृ • (pŕ̥śneḥ)
of Prishni (earth or a divine mother)
अ • (ágre)
at the summit, at the front
रु • (rupáḥ)
form, appearance
आ • (ā́rupitam)
placed, set
ज • (jábāru)
resplendent, shining
Stanza 4.5.8
प्र॒वाच्यं॒ वच॑सः॒ किं मे॑ अ॒स्य गुहा॑ हि॒तमुप॑ नि॒णिग्व॑दन्ति | यदु॒स्रिया॑णा॒मप॒ वारि॑व॒ व्रन्पाति॑ प्रि॒यं रु॒पो अग्रं॑ प॒दं वेः ||
pravā́cyaṁ vácasaḥ kím me asyá gúhā hitám úpa niṇíg vadanti yád usríyāṇām ápa vā́r iva vrán pā́ti priyáṁ rupó ágram padáṁ véḥ
What openly spoken word of this speech is there for me? They secretly speak of what is hidden. When they have opened the hidden waters of the cows, he guards the beloved summit, the footprint of the bird.
The speaker questions what should be openly spoken about their message, contrasting it with what is secretly communicated. It refers to uncovering something hidden, like opening access to cows' water. The stanza concludes with the idea that a significant entity, possibly a bird or a divine presence, protects a cherished, prime location.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र • व • किं मे अ • pravā́cyam vácasaḥ kím me asyá (11 syllables)
- B. गु • हि • उप नि • व • gúhā hitám úpa niṇík vadanti (11 syllables)
- C. यत् उ • अप वा • इव व्र • yát usríyāṇām ápa vā́r iva vrán (11 syllables)
- D. पा • प्रि • रु • अ • प • वेः pā́ti priyám rupáḥ ágram padám véḥ (11 syllables)
प्र • (pravā́cyam)
to be spoken openly
व • (vácasaḥ)
of the speech, of the word
किं (kím)
what
मे (me)
for me
अ • (asyá)
of this
गु • (gúhā)
in secret, hidden
हि • (hitám)
placed, established
उप (úpa)
near, to
नि • (niṇík)
secret, hidden
व • (vadanti)
they speak
यत् (yát)
what
उ • (usríyāṇām)
of the cows
अप (ápa)
away, off
वा • (vā́r)
water, protection
इव (iva)
as if, like
व्र • (vrán)
they opened, they uncovered
पा • (pā́ti)
he guards, he protects
प्रि • (priyám)
beloved, dear
रु • (rupáḥ)
form, appearance
अ • (ágram)
summit, foremost part
प • (padám)
footstep, place
वेः (véḥ)
of the bird
Stanza 4.5.9
इ॒दमु॒ त्यन्महि॑ म॒हामनी॑कं॒ यदु॒स्रिया॒ सच॑त पू॒र्व्यं गौः | ऋ॒तस्य॑ प॒दे अधि॒ दीद्या॑नं॒ गुहा॑ रघु॒ष्यद्र॑घु॒यद्वि॑वेद ||
idám u tyán máhi mahā́m ánīkaṁ yád usríyā sácata pūrvyáṁ gaúḥ r̥tásya padé ádhi dī́dyānaṁ gúhā raghuṣyád raghuyád viveda
This, the great face of the great ones, which the bright, ancient cow accompanied, shining in the abode of Order, has been found in secret, swift and quick.
This stanza describes a magnificent, divine manifestation, identified as the 'great face of the great ones'. It was followed by a radiant, ancient Cow (representing abundance or divine knowledge). This manifestation, shining brightly in the realm of cosmic order (Ṛta), was discovered with swiftness and agility in a hidden, secret manner.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इ • उ त्य • म • म • अ • idám u tyát máhi mahā́m ánīkam (11 syllables)
- B. यत् उ • स • पू • गौः yát usríyā sácata pūrvyám gaúḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ऋ • प • अ • दी • r̥tásya padé ádhi dī́dyānam (11 syllables)
- D. गु • र • र • वि • gúhā raghuṣyát raghuyát viveda (11 syllables)
इ • (idám)
this
उ (u)
and
त्य • (tyát)
that
म • (máhi)
great
म • (mahā́m)
of the great ones
अ • (ánīkam)
face, form, army
यत् (yát)
which
उ • (usríyā)
bright, radiant (often referring to the dawn or a cow)
स • (sácata)
it followed, it accompanied
पू • (pūrvyám)
ancient, original
गौः (gaúḥ)
cow, radiant one
ऋ • (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order, of truth
प • (padé)
in the abode, in the place
अ • (ádhi)
upon, in
दी • (dī́dyānam)
shining, gleaming
गु • (gúhā)
in secret, hidden
र • (raghuṣyát)
swift, quick
र • (raghuyát)
moving quickly, fast-moving
वि • (viveda)
he found, he discovered
Stanza 4.5.10
अध॑ द्युता॒नः पि॒त्रोः सचा॒साम॑नुत॒ गुह्यं॒ चारु॒ पृश्नेः॑ | मा॒तुष्प॒दे प॑र॒मे अन्ति॒ षद्गोर्वृष्णः॑ शो॒चिषः॒ प्रय॑तस्य जि॒ह्वा ||
ádha dyutānáḥ pitróḥ sácāsā́manuta gúhyaṁ cā́ru pŕ̥śneḥ mātúṣ padé paramé ánti ṣád gór vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ śocíṣaḥ práyatasya jihvā́
And resplendent, near his parents, he thought of the secret, beautiful (treasure) of Prishni. The tongue of the bull-like, forward-bent flame seized what was near at hand in the highest abode of the mother cow.
The radiant Agni, in proximity to his divine parents (heaven and earth), contemplated a hidden and beautiful treasure belonging to Prishni (earth or the divine mother). This treasure, situated in the highest realm of the mother cow, was then grasped by the tongue of Agni's flame, signifying a profound connection and assimilation of divine essence.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अध द्यु • पि • स • आ • ádha dyutānáḥ pitróḥ sácā āsā́ (11 syllables)
- B. अ • गु • चा • पृ • ámanuta gúhyam cā́ru pŕ̥śneḥ (11 syllables)
- C. मा • प • प • अ • सत् गोः mātúḥ padé paramé ánti sát góḥ (11 syllables)
- D. वृ • शो • प्र • जि • vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ śocíṣaḥ práyatasya jihvā́ (11 syllables)
अध (ádha)
and, then
द्यु • (dyutānáḥ)
shining, radiant
पि • (pitróḥ)
near the two parents (heaven and earth)
स • (sácā)
together, nearby
आ • (āsā́)
in presence, beside
अ • (ámanuta)
he thought, he considered
गु • (gúhyam)
secret, hidden
चा • (cā́ru)
beautiful, lovely
पृ • (pŕ̥śneḥ)
of Prishni (earth or divine mother)
मा • (mātúḥ)
of the mother
प • (padé)
in the abode, in the place
प • (paramé)
in the highest, supreme
अ • (ánti)
near, close by
सत् (sát)
being, existing
गोः (góḥ)
of the cow (representing earth or nourishment)
वृ • (vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ)
of the bull, of the strong one
शो • (śocíṣaḥ)
of the flame, of the radiance
प्र • (práyatasya)
bent forward, offered
जि • (jihvā́)
tongue
Stanza 4.5.11
ऋ॒तं वो॑चे॒ नम॑सा पृ॒च्छ्यमा॑न॒स्तवा॒शसा॑ जातवेदो॒ यदी॒दम् | त्वम॒स्य क्ष॑यसि॒ यद्ध॒ विश्वं॑ दि॒वि यदु॒ द्रवि॑णं॒ यत्पृ॑थि॒व्याम् ||
r̥táṁ voce námasā pr̥chyámānas távāśásā jātavedo yádīdám tvám asyá kṣayasi yád dha víśvaṁ diví yád u dráviṇaṁ yát pr̥thivyā́m
I speak the Law (Ṛta) with reverence when asked, O Jātavedas, out of hope placed in you. You rule over all this wealth that is in heaven and earth.
The speaker declares their intention to speak of the cosmic order (Ṛta) with reverence and hope in Agni, the knower of all beings. They assert that Agni is the supreme ruler of everything that exists, encompassing all wealth in both the heavens and the earth.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋ • व • न • पृ • r̥tám voce námasā pr̥chyámānaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. त • आ • जा • यदि इ • táva āśásā jātavedaḥ yádi idám (11 syllables)
- C. त्वं अ • क्ष • यत् ह वि • tvám asyá kṣayasi yát ha víśvam (11 syllables)
- D. दि • यत् उ द्र • यत् पृ • diví yát u dráviṇam yát pr̥thivyā́m (11 syllables)
ऋ • (r̥tám)
cosmic order, truth, ritual
व • (voce)
I spoke, I declared
न • (námasā)
with reverence, with devotion
पृ • (pr̥chyámānaḥ)
being asked
त • (táva)
your
आ • (āśásā)
with hope, with desire
जा • (jātavedaḥ)
O Jātavedas (Agni, knower of births/wealth)
यदि (yádi)
if, when
इ • (idám)
this
त्वं (tvám)
you
अ • (asyá)
of this
क्ष • (kṣayasi)
you rule, you possess
यत् (yát)
whatever
ह (ha)
indeed, truly
वि • (víśvam)
all, entire
दि • (diví)
in the sky, in heaven
यत् (yát)
whatever
उ (u)
and
द्र • (dráviṇam)
wealth, riches
यत् (yát)
whatever
पृ • (pr̥thivyā́m)
on the earth
Stanza 4.5.12
किं नो॑ अ॒स्य द्रवि॑णं॒ कद्ध॒ रत्नं॒ वि नो॑ वोचो जातवेदश्चिकि॒त्वान् | गुहाध्व॑नः पर॒मं यन्नो॑ अ॒स्य रेकु॑ प॒दं न नि॑दा॒ना अग॑न्म ||
kíṁ no asyá dráviṇaṁ kád dha rátnaṁ ví no voco jātavedaś cikitvā́n gúhā́dhvanaḥ paramáṁ yán no asyá réku padáṁ ná nidānā́ áganma
What wealth of this is ours, what treasure? May you who know it declare to us, O Jātavedas! What is the highest (aim) of this our secret path; we have not come to an empty place.
The speaker asks Agni, the knower of all, to clarify what wealth and treasure rightfully belongs to them. They seek guidance on the highest objective of their secret path, implying a spiritual journey. The stanza expresses a desire for divine knowledge and a sense of seeking a true destination, not arriving at an empty or meaningless place.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. किं नः अ • द्र • कत् ह र • kím naḥ asyá dráviṇam kát ha rátnam (11 syllables)
- B. वि नः व • जा • चि • ví naḥ vocaḥ jātavedaḥ cikitvā́n (11 syllables)
- C. गु • अ • प • यत् नः अ • gúhā ádhvanaḥ paramám yát naḥ asyá (11 syllables)
- D. रे • प • न नि • अ • réku padám ná nidānā́ḥ áganma (11 syllables)
किं (kím)
what
नः (naḥ)
our
अ • (asyá)
of this
द्र • (dráviṇam)
wealth, riches
कत् (kát)
what
ह (ha)
indeed, truly
र • (rátnam)
treasure, jewel
वि (ví)
apart, distinctly
नः (naḥ)
our
व • (vocaḥ)
may you speak, may you declare
जा • (jātavedaḥ)
O Jātavedas (Agni)
चि • (cikitvā́n)
knowing, understanding
गु • (gúhā)
in secret, hidden
अ • (ádhvanaḥ)
of the path, of the way
प • (paramám)
highest, supreme
यत् (yát)
what
नः (naḥ)
our
अ • (asyá)
of this
रे • (réku)
destination, goal
प • (padám)
place, step
न (ná)
not
नि • (nidānā́ḥ)
empty, void (applied to a place)
अ • (áganma)
we have come, we have reached
Stanza 4.5.13
का म॒र्यादा॑ व॒युना॒ कद्ध॑ वा॒ममच्छा॑ गमेम र॒घवो॒ न वाज॑म् | क॒दा नो॑ दे॒वीर॒मृत॑स्य॒ पत्नीः॒ सूरो॒ वर्णे॑न ततनन्नु॒षासः॑ ||
kā́ maryā́dā vayúnā kád dha vāmám áchā gamema raghávo ná vā́jam kadā́ no devī́r amŕ̥tasya pátnīḥ sū́ro várṇena tatanann uṣā́saḥ
What is the limit, what the principles? How shall we approach the desirable prize like swift ones? When will the divine Dawn goddesses, consorts of the immortal, spread the Sun's splendor over us?
The speaker questions the boundaries and principles that govern their pursuit. They express a desire to attain something valuable, comparing their eager approach to swift horses seeking a prize. The stanza culminates in a plea for the dawn goddesses, the consorts of the immortal, to spread the splendor of the sun over them, signifying a wish for divine illumination and favor.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. का म • व • कत् ह वा • kā́ maryā́dā vayúnā kát ha vāmám (11 syllables)
- B. अ • ग • र • न वा • ácha + gamema raghávaḥ ná vā́jam (11 syllables)
- C. क • नः दे • अ • प • kadā́ naḥ devī́ḥ amŕ̥tasya pátnīḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सु • व • त • उ • sū́raḥ várṇena tatanan uṣā́saḥ (11 syllables)
का (kā́)
what
म • (maryā́dā)
limit, boundary, rule
व • (vayúnā)
principles, actions, creations
कत् (kát)
what
ह (ha)
indeed, truly
वा • (vāmám)
desirable, pleasant, beautiful
अ • (ácha +)
towards, to
ग • (gamema)
may we go, may we approach
र • (raghávaḥ)
swift, fast
न (ná)
like, as
वा • (vā́jam)
prize, gain, abundance
क • (kadā́)
when
नः (naḥ)
over us
दे • (devī́ḥ)
divine goddesses
अ • (amŕ̥tasya)
of the immortal
प • (pátnīḥ)
spouses, consorts
सु • (sū́raḥ)
of the sun
व • (várṇena)
with color, with splendor
त • (tatanan)
may they spread out, may they extend
उ • (uṣā́saḥ)
Dawns
Stanza 4.5.14
अ॒नि॒रेण॒ वच॑सा फ॒ल्ग्वे॑न प्र॒तीत्ये॑न कृ॒धुना॑तृ॒पासः॑ | अधा॒ ते अ॑ग्ने॒ किमि॒हा व॑दन्त्यनायु॒धास॒ आस॑ता सचन्ताम् ||
aniréṇa vácasā phalgvèna pratī́tyena kr̥dhúnātr̥pā́saḥ ádhā té agne kím ihā́ vadanty anāyudhā́sa ā́satā sacantām
And what do those insatiable ones say here with their feeble, useless, and disappointing speech? Let them, unarmed, cease to be.
The speaker criticizes those who speak with feeble, useless, and insincere words. They question Agni why these people address him. The stanza concludes with a wish that these individuals, who are armed with nothing (neither physical nor spiritual strength), should perish or cease to exist.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अ • व • फ • aniréṇa vácasā phalgvèna (11 syllables)
- B. प्र • कृ • अ • pratī́tyena kr̥dhúnā atr̥pā́saḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अ • ते अ • किं इह व • ádha + té agne kím ihá + vadanti (11 syllables)
- D. अ • आ • स • anāyudhā́saḥ ā́satā sacantām (11 syllables)
अ • (aniréṇa)
without strength, feeble
व • (vácasā)
with speech, with words
फ • (phalgvèna)
trivial, insignificant
प्र • (pratī́tyena)
deceptive, misleading
कृ • (kr̥dhúnā)
disappointing, fruitless
अ • (atr̥pā́saḥ)
insatiable, unsatisfied
अ • (ádha +)
and, then
ते (té)
they
अ • (agne)
O Agni
किं (kím)
what
इह (ihá +)
here
व • (vadanti)
they say, they speak
अ • (anāyudhā́saḥ)
unarmed, weaponless
आ • (ā́satā)
in stillness, in inactivity
स • (sacantām)
may they follow, may they join (with misfortune)
Stanza 4.5.15
अ॒स्य श्रि॒ये स॑मिधा॒नस्य॒ वृष्णो॒ वसो॒रनी॑कं॒ दम॒ आ रु॑रोच | रुश॒द्वसा॑नः सु॒दृशी॑करूपः क्षि॒तिर्न रा॒या पु॑रु॒वारो॑ अद्यौत् ||
asyá śriyé samidhānásya vŕ̥ṣṇo vásor ánīkaṁ dáma ā́ ruroca rúśad vásānaḥ sudŕ̥śīkarūpaḥ kṣitír ná rāyā́ puruvā́ro adyaut
For the glory of this kindled, strong Vasu, his divine form shone in the house. Clothed in brilliance, with a beautiful appearance, he, the giver of many boons, shone like a home with wealth.
The stanza describes Agni's glorious presence in the home, emanating beauty and power. He is depicted as radiant, well-clothed in light, and possessing a form pleasing to behold. Agni, the giver of boons and wealth, shines like a prosperous dwelling, symbolizing divine presence and abundance within the household.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अ • श्रि • स • वृ • asyá śriyé samidhānásya vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. व • अ • द • आ रु • vásoḥ ánīkam dáme ā́ ruroca (11 syllables)
- C. रु • व • सु • rúśat vásānaḥ sudŕ̥śīkarūpaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. क्षि • न रा • पु • अ • kṣitíḥ ná rāyā́ puruvā́raḥ adyaut (11 syllables)
अ • (asyá)
of this
श्रि • (śriyé)
for glory, for beauty
स • (samidhānásya)
kindled, ignited
वृ • (vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ)
strong, vigorous
व • (vásoḥ)
of Vasu (a divine being, wealth)
अ • (ánīkam)
form, appearance, face
द • (dáme)
in the house, in the home
आ (ā́)
towards, upon
रु • (ruroca)
he shone, he gleamed
रु • (rúśat)
shining, bright
व • (vásānaḥ)
clothed, clad
सु • (sudŕ̥śīkarūpaḥ)
having a beautiful form, fair to behold
क्षि • (kṣitíḥ)
dwelling, place
न (ná)
like, as
रा • (rāyā́)
with wealth, with riches
पु • (puruvā́raḥ)
giver of many boons, bountiful
अ • (adyaut)
he shone, he was brilliant