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Stanza 4.17.1
त्वं म॒हाँ इ॑न्द्र॒ तुभ्यं॑ ह॒ क्षा अनु॑ क्ष॒त्रं मं॒हना॑ मन्यत॒ द्यौः | त्वं वृ॒त्रं शव॑सा जघ॒न्वान्त्सृ॒जः सिन्धूँ॒रहि॑ना जग्रसा॒नान् ||
tvám mahā́m̐ indra túbhyaṁ ha kṣā́ ánu kṣatrám maṁhánā manyata dyaúḥ tváṁ vr̥tráṁ śávasā jaghanvā́n sr̥jáḥ síndhūm̐r áhinā jagrasānā́n
You are great, Indra; indeed, the Earth and Heaven acknowledge your dominion with reverence and might. You, having slain Vṛitra with strength, released the rivers that were devouring (obstacles).
This verse addresses the mighty god Indra, acknowledging his greatness and power. It states that both the earth (kṣáḥ) and the heavens (dyauḥ) recognize Indra's dominion, recognizing him through their own greatness and by the reverence they offer. The verse then recalls Indra's legendary feat of slaying the serpent Vṛitra (vr̥trám) with his strength (śávasā), thereby releasing the celestial rivers (sindhūn) that the serpent had been holding back, which were described as 'jagrasānān' (gulping or devouring).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं महाँ इन्द्र तुभ्यं ह क्षाः tvám mahā́n indra túbhyam ha kṣā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अनु क्षत्रं मंﺢना मन्यत द्यौः ánu kṣatrám maṃhánā manyata dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
- C. त्वं वृत्रं शवसा जघनवान् tvám vr̥trám śávasā jaghanvā́n (11 syllables)
- D. सृजः सिन्धून् अहिना जग्रसानान् sr̥jáḥ síndhūn áhinā jagrasānā́n (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
महाँ (mahā́n)
great
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (king of gods)
तुभ्यं (túbhyam)
to you
ह (ha)
indeed
क्षाः (kṣā́ḥ)
earth
अनु (ánu)
along with, according to
क्षत्रं (kṣatrám)
dominion, power
मंﺢना (maṃhánā)
with greatness, with reverence
मन्यत (manyata)
acknowledge, think
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
sky, heaven
त्वं (tvám)
you
वृत्रं (vr̥trám)
Vṛitra (a demon)
शवसा (śávasā)
with strength, power
जघनवान् (jaghanvā́n)
having killed
सृजः (sr̥jáḥ)
you release
सिन्धून् (síndhūn)
rivers, streams
अहिना (áhinā)
by the serpent
जग्रसानान् (jagrasānā́n)
gulping, devouring
Stanza 4.17.2
तव॑ त्वि॒षो जनि॑मन्रेजत॒ द्यौ रेज॒द्भूमि॑र्भि॒यसा॒ स्वस्य॑ म॒न्योः | ऋ॒घा॒यन्त॑ सु॒भ्व१॒॑ः पर्व॑तास॒ आर्द॒न्धन्वा॑नि स॒रय॑न्त॒ आपः॑ ||
táva tviṣó jániman rejata dyaú réjad bhū́mir bhiyásā svásya manyóḥ r̥ghāyánta subhvàḥ párvatāsa ā́rdan dhánvāni saráyanta ā́paḥ
Your radiance, upon its birth, made the sky tremble; the earth trembled from the fear of your anger. The steadfast mountains trembled, and the waters flowed, and dry places were flooded.
This verse describes the overwhelming power of Indra's radiance and anger. It states that upon Indra's birth and the manifestation of his brilliance (tviṣáḥ), the sky (dyauḥ) trembled. Similarly, the earth (bhūmiḥ) shook with fear of his wrath (manyóḥ). The mountains (parvatāsaḥ) also agitated and moved, and the waters (āpaḥ) flowed freely, with the dry lands (dhánvāni) becoming flooded, indicating the immense impact of his divine presence.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तव त्विषः जनिमन् रेजत द्यौः táva tviṣáḥ jániman rejata dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. एजत भूमिः भियसा स्वस्य मन्योः éjat bhū́miḥ bhiyásā svásya manyóḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ऋघांयन्त सुभ्वः पर्वतासः r̥ghāyánta subhvàḥ párvatāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आर्दन् धन्वानी सरयन्ते आपः ā́rdan dhánvāni saráyante ā́paḥ (11 syllables)
तव (táva)
your
त्विषः (tviṣáḥ)
radiance, brilliance
जनिमन् (jániman)
at birth, at origin
रेजत (rejata)
trembled, shook
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
sky, heaven
एजत (éjat)
trembled, moved
भूमिः (bhū́miḥ)
earth
भियसा (bhiyásā)
with fear
स्वस्य (svásya)
its own
मन्योः (manyóḥ)
of anger, displeasure
ऋघांयन्त (r̥ghāyánta)
trembled, moved violently
सुभ्वः (subhvàḥ)
steadfast, firm
पर्वतासः (párvatāsaḥ)
mountains
आर्दन् (ā́rdan)
flowed
धन्वानी (dhánvāni)
dry lands, deserts
सरयन्ते (saráyante)
flow, move
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
Stanza 4.17.3
भि॒नद्गि॒रिं शव॑सा॒ वज्र॑मि॒ष्णन्ना॑विष्कृण्वा॒नः स॑हसा॒न ओजः॑ | वधी॑द्वृ॒त्रं वज्रे॑ण मन्दसा॒नः सर॒न्नापो॒ जव॑सा ह॒तवृ॑ष्णीः ||
bhinád giríṁ śávasā vájram iṣṇánn āviṣkr̥ṇvānáḥ sahasāná ójaḥ vádhīd vr̥tráṁ vájreṇa mandasānáḥ sárann ā́po jávasā hatávr̥ṣṇīḥ
You split the mountain with strength, O Indra, revealing your might. You killed Vṛitra with the bolt, exulting, and the waters flowed swiftly, their strength overcome.
This verse details Indra's powerful actions using his thunderbolt (vajra). He is described as splitting the mountain (giriṃ) with his strength (śávasā), while simultaneously revealing his power (ojas). He is said to have killed Vṛitra (vr̥trám) with his bolt (vájreṇa), exulting in the act (mandasānaḥ). This victory enabled the waters (āpaḥ), which had been obstructed, to flow swiftly (javasā) forward, their strength (vṛṣṇīḥ) defeated.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. भिनद् गिरिं शवसा वज्रं इष्णन् bhinát girím śávasā vájram iṣṇán (11 syllables)
- B. आविष्कृण्वाणः सहसநான் ओजः āviṣkr̥ṇvānáḥ sahasānáḥ ójaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. वधीत् वृत्रं वज्रेण मन्दसानः vádhīt vr̥trám vájreṇa mandasānáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सरन् आपः जवसा हतवृष्णीः sáran ā́paḥ jávasā hatávr̥ṣṇīḥ (11 syllables)
भिनद् (bhinát)
you split
गिरिं (girím)
mountain
शवसा (śávasā)
with strength
वज्रं (vájram)
thunderbolt
इष्णन् (iṣṇán)
desiring, activating
आविष्कृण्वाणः (āviṣkr̥ṇvānáḥ)
making manifest, revealing
सहसநான் (sahasānáḥ)
powerful, strong
ओजः (ójaḥ)
strength, vigor
वधीत् (vádhīt)
you killed
वृत्रं (vr̥trám)
Vṛitra (a demon)
वज्रेण (vájreṇa)
with the thunderbolt
मन्दसानः (mandasānáḥ)
rejoicing, exulting
सरन् (sáran)
flowed
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
जवसा (jávasā)
with speed, swiftness
हतवृष्णीः (hatávr̥ṣṇīḥ)
their strength overcome
Stanza 4.17.4
सु॒वीर॑स्ते जनि॒ता म॑न्यत॒ द्यौरिन्द्र॑स्य क॒र्ता स्वप॑स्तमो भूत् | य ईं॑ ज॒जान॑ स्व॒र्यं॑ सु॒वज्र॒मन॑पच्युतं॒ सद॑सो॒ न भूम॑ ||
suvī́ras te janitā́ manyata dyaúr índrasya kartā́ svápastamo bhūt yá īṁ jajā́na svaryàṁ suvájram ánapacyutaṁ sádaso ná bhū́ma
Your father, Dyaus, considered himself a hero; the maker of Indra was most skillful. He who begat Indra, the wielder of the strong thunderbolt, immovable like the earth from its foundation.
This verse reflects on the divine origin of Indra. It suggests that Dyaus (heaven) considered itself a great being (suvīraḥ), perhaps referring to itself as Indra's father or progenitor. The verse highlights that the 'Maker' (kartā) of Indra, who is described as the most skillful (svāpastamaḥ), is a profound entity. This Maker is credited with having begotten Indra (jajāna), who wields the powerful, unshakeable thunderbolt (suvajraṃ), and is an unshakeable ruler (anapacyutaṃ), firm like the earth (bhūma).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सुवीरः ते जनिता मन्यत द्यौः suvī́raḥ te janitā́ manyata dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रस्य कर्ता स्वपस्तमः भूत् índrasya kartā́ svápastamaḥ bhūt (11 syllables)
- C. यः ईं जजान स्वर्यं सुवज्रं yáḥ īm jajā́na svaryàm suvájram (11 syllables)
- D. अनपच्युतं सदसः न भूमि ánapacyutam sádasaḥ ná bhū́ma (11 syllables)
सुवीरः (suvī́raḥ)
heroic, strong
ते (te)
your
जनिता (janitā́)
father, progenitor
मन्यत (manyata)
thought, considered
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
heaven, sky
इन्द्रस्य (índrasya)
of Indra
कर्ता (kartā́)
maker, creator
स्वपस्तमः (svápastamaḥ)
most skillful, most excellent
भूत् (bhūt)
was
यः (yáḥ)
who
ईं (īm)
him
जजान (jajā́na)
begat, produced
स्वर्यं (svaryàm)
related to heaven, heavenly
सुवज्रं (suvájram)
wielding the thunderbolt
अनपच्युतं (ánapacyutam)
unshakeable, immovable
सदसः (sádasaḥ)
from the seat, foundation
न (ná)
not
भूमि (bhū́ma)
earth, ground
Stanza 4.17.5
य एक॑ इच्च्या॒वय॑ति॒ प्र भूमा॒ राजा॑ कृष्टी॒नां पु॑रुहू॒त इन्द्रः॑ | स॒त्यमे॑न॒मनु॒ विश्वे॑ मदन्ति रा॒तिं दे॒वस्य॑ गृण॒तो म॒घोनः॑ ||
yá éka ic cyāváyati prá bhū́mā rā́jā kr̥ṣṭīnā́m puruhūtá índraḥ satyám enam ánu víśve madanti rātíṁ devásya gr̥ṇató maghónaḥ
He alone overthrows the totality of beings, Indra, the king of peoples, invoked by many. Indeed, all rejoice in him, and in the gift of the divine Maghavan, who is praised.
This verse praises Indra as the supreme king (rāja) and ruler (puruhūtaḥ) of all people (kr̥ṣṭīnām). It highlights his power to overthrow (cyāváyati) the entire world (bhūma), emphasizing his singular might. All beings (viśve) rejoice (madanti) and celebrate his true (satyám) nature and his gifts (rātím). They praise the boons bestowed by this generous and divine being (devá) Maghavan (maghónaḥ).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यः एक इत् च्यावयति प्र भूमा yáḥ ékaḥ ít cyāváyati prá bhū́ma + (11 syllables)
- B. राजा कृष्टीनां पुरुहूतः इन्द्रः rā́jā kr̥ṣṭīnā́m puruhūtáḥ índraḥ (11 syllables)
- C. सत्यं एनं अनु विश्वे मदन्ति satyám enam ánu víśve madanti (11 syllables)
- D. रात्रिं देवस्य गृणतः मघोनः rātím devásya gr̥ṇatáḥ maghónaḥ (11 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
एक (ékaḥ)
alone, one
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly
च्यावयति (cyāváyati)
causes to move, overthrows
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
भूमा (bhū́ma +)
world of beings
राजा (rā́jā)
king
कृष्टीनां (kr̥ṣṭīnā́m)
of peoples, of mankind
पुरुहूतः (puruhūtáḥ)
invoked by many
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
सत्यं (satyám)
true
एनं (enam)
him
अनु (ánu)
along with, according to
विश्वे (víśve)
all
मदन्ति (madanti)
rejoice, are delighted
रात्रिं (rātím)
gift, bounty
देवस्य (devásya)
of the god
गृणतः (gr̥ṇatáḥ)
praising, singing
मघोनः (maghónaḥ)
of the generous one (Maghavan)
Stanza 4.17.6
स॒त्रा सोमा॑ अभवन्नस्य॒ विश्वे॑ स॒त्रा मदा॑सो बृह॒तो मदि॑ष्ठाः | स॒त्राभ॑वो॒ वसु॑पति॒र्वसू॑नां॒ दत्रे॒ विश्वा॑ अधिथा इन्द्र कृ॒ष्टीः ||
satrā́ sómā abhavann asya víśve satrā́ mádāso br̥ható mádiṣṭhāḥ satrā́bhavo vásupatir vásūnāṁ dátre víśvā adhithā indra kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ
All the Soma juices are eternally his; his intoxicating draughts are the most gladdening. You have always been the lord of treasures, Indra, distributing all wealth among the people.
This verse celebrates Indra's eternal possession of Soma juices, which are described as the most gladdening (madiṣṭhāḥ). It affirms that he has always been the lord of treasures (vasupatiḥ) and continues to be so. The verse addresses Indra directly, stating that he has always been this way and has distributed all wealth (viśvāḥ vasūni) among people (kr̥ṣṭīḥ), highlighting his generosity and enduring power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सत्रा सोमाः अभवन् अस्य विश्वे satrā́ sómāḥ abhavan asya víśve (11 syllables)
- B. सत्रा मदासः बृहतो मदिष्ठाः satrā́ mádāsaḥ br̥hatáḥ mádiṣṭhāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. सत्रा अभवोः वसुपतिः वसूनां satrā́ abhavaḥ vásupatiḥ vásūnām (11 syllables)
- D. दत्रे विश्वाः अधिथाः इन्द्र कृष्टीः dátre víśvāḥ adhithāḥ indra kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ (11 syllables)
सत्रा (satrā́)
always, eternally
सोमाः (sómāḥ)
Soma juices
अभवन् (abhavan)
were, existed
अस्य (asya)
his
विश्वे (víśve)
all
सत्रा (satrā́)
always, eternally
मदासः (mádāsaḥ)
intoxicating draughts, joys
बृहतो (br̥hatáḥ)
great, mighty
मदिष्ठाः (mádiṣṭhāḥ)
most gladdening, most intoxicating
सत्रा (satrā́)
always, eternally
अभवोः (abhavaḥ)
you were
वसुपतिः (vásupatiḥ)
lord of treasures
वसूनां (vásūnām)
of treasures
दत्रे (dátre)
in the gift
विश्वाः (víśvāḥ)
all
अधिथाः (adhithāḥ)
you established, possessed
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
कृष्टीः (kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ)
peoples, mankind
Stanza 4.17.7
त्वमध॑ प्रथ॒मं जाय॑मा॒नोऽमे॒ विश्वा॑ अधिथा इन्द्र कृ॒ष्टीः | त्वं प्रति॑ प्र॒वत॑ आ॒शया॑न॒महिं॒ वज्रे॑ण मघव॒न्वि वृ॑श्चः ||
tvám ádha prathamáṁ jā́yamānó 'me víśvā adhithā indra kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ tvám práti praváta āśáyānam áhiṁ vájreṇa maghavan ví vr̥ścaḥ
You, upon being born, instilled fear into all people. You, Maghavan, confronted the serpent that lay by the heavenly waters and severed it with your thunderbolt.
This verse addresses Indra, noting his actions from the very beginning of his existence. It states that upon his birth (jāyamānaḥ), he instilled awe and perhaps fear (áme) in all people (kr̥ṣṭīḥ). The verse also recounts his primal act of confronting and defeating the serpent (ahiṃ) that lay coiled around the heavenly waters (pravátaḥ), using his thunderbolt (vájreṇa). Indra, addressed as Maghavan (maghavan), is praised for this decisive victory.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं अध प्रथमं जायमानः tvám ádha prathamám jā́yamānaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अमे विश्वाः अधिथाः इन्द्र कृष्टीः áme víśvāḥ adhithāḥ indra kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. त्वं प्रति प्रवतः आशयाणं tvám práti pravátaḥ āśáyānam (11 syllables)
- D. अहिं वज्रेण मघवन् वि वृश्चः áhim vájreṇa maghavan ví vr̥ścaḥ (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
अध (ádha)
then, also
प्रथमं (prathamám)
first
जायमानः (jā́yamānaḥ)
being born
अमे (áme)
in fear, awe
विश्वाः (víśvāḥ)
all
अधिथाः (adhithāḥ)
you established, made
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
कृष्टीः (kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ)
peoples, mankind
त्वं (tvám)
you
प्रति (práti)
towards, against
प्रवतः (pravátaḥ)
heavenly waters, flowing streams
आशयाणं (āśáyānam)
lying down, resting
अहिं (áhim)
serpent, dragon
वज्रेण (vájreṇa)
with the thunderbolt
मघवन् (maghavan)
Maghavan (generous one, Indra)
वि (ví)
apart, asunder
वृश्चः (vr̥ścaḥ)
you cut, sever
Stanza 4.17.8
स॒त्रा॒हणं॒ दाधृ॑षिं॒ तुम्र॒मिन्द्रं॑ म॒हाम॑पा॒रं वृ॑ष॒भं सु॒वज्र॑म् | हन्ता॒ यो वृ॒त्रं सनि॑तो॒त वाजं॒ दाता॑ म॒घानि॑ म॒घवा॑ सु॒राधाः॑ ||
satrāháṇaṁ dā́dhr̥ṣiṁ túmram índram mahā́m apāráṁ vr̥ṣabháṁ suvájram hántā yó vr̥tráṁ sánitotá vā́jaṁ dā́tā maghā́ni maghávā surā́dhāḥ
The eternally slaying, bold, and fierce Indra, great, boundless, the strong bull, with the fine thunderbolt. He who slays Vṛitra and wins booty, the giver of gifts, Maghavan the bounteous.
This verse describes Indra with a series of powerful epithets. He is the 'ever-slaying' (satrahanam), 'bold' (dadhrushim), and 'furious' (tumram) Indra. He is also described as 'great' (maham), 'boundless' (aparam), 'strong bull' (vrishabham), and the wielder of the 'fine thunderbolt' (suvajram). The verse identifies him as the slayer of Vritra (hanta yo vṛitram), the acquirer of riches (sanita uta vajam), the giver of gifts (data), and the 'bountiful giver' (suradhaḥ), Maghavan (maghava).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सत्राहाणं दाधृषं तुम्रं इन्द्रं satrāháṇam dā́dhr̥ṣim túmram índram (11 syllables)
- B. महां अपारं वृषभं सुवज्रं mahā́m apārám vr̥ṣabhám suvájram (11 syllables)
- C. हन्ता यः वृत्रं सनिता उत वाजं hántā yáḥ vr̥trám sánitā utá vā́jam (11 syllables)
- D. दाता मघानि मघवा सुराधाः dā́tā maghā́ni maghávā surā́dhāḥ (11 syllables)
सत्राहाणं (satrāháṇam)
ever-slaying
दाधृषं (dā́dhr̥ṣim)
bold, daring
तुम्रं (túmram)
fierce, strong
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
महां (mahā́m)
great
अपारं (apārám)
boundless, infinite
वृषभं (vr̥ṣabhám)
bull, strong one
सुवज्रं (suvájram)
wielding the thunderbolt
हन्ता (hántā)
slayer
यः (yáḥ)
who
वृत्रं (vr̥trám)
Vṛitra (a demon)
सनिता (sánitā)
acquiring, winning
उत (utá)
and
वाजं (vā́jam)
booty, prize
दाता (dā́tā)
giver
मघानि (maghā́ni)
gifts, riches
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
सुराधाः (surā́dhāḥ)
bountifully giving
Stanza 4.17.9
अ॒यं वृत॑श्चातयते समी॒चीर्य आ॒जिषु॑ म॒घवा॑ शृ॒ण्व एकः॑ | अ॒यं वाजं॑ भरति॒ यं स॒नोत्य॒स्य प्रि॒यासः॑ स॒ख्ये स्या॑म ||
ayáṁ vŕ̥taś cātayate samīcī́r yá ājíṣu maghávā śr̥ṇvá ékaḥ ayáṁ vā́jam bharati yáṁ sanóty asyá priyā́saḥ sakhyé syāma
He alone, as Maghavan, is renowned in battles; he scatters the assembled hosts. He brings the booty that he wins; may we be in his friendship.
This verse praises Indra, Maghavan, as a powerful warrior who alone (ekaḥ) frightens and scatters (cyāváyati) assembled armies (samīcīr yā ajīṣu) in battles (ājíṣu). He brings the spoils of war (vājam) that he wins (sanóti). The singers express their desire to remain in his friendship (sakhyé syāma), seeking his favor and companionship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अयं वृत्त चातयते समीचीः ayám vŕ̥taḥ cātayate samīcī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. यः आजिषु मघवा शृण्वे एकः yáḥ ājíṣu maghávā śr̥ṇvé ékaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अयं वाजं भरति यँ सनोति ayám vā́jam bharati yám sanóti (11 syllables)
- D. अस्य प्रियासः सख्ये स्याम asyá priyā́saḥ sakhyé syāma (11 syllables)
अयं (ayám)
this one
वृत्त (vŕ̥taḥ)
assembled, united
चातयते (cātayate)
causes to move, scatters
समीचीः (samīcī́ḥ)
assembled, together
यः (yáḥ)
who
आजिषु (ājíṣu)
in battles, contests
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
शृण्वे (śr̥ṇvé)
is heard, is renowned
एकः (ékaḥ)
alone, one
अयं (ayám)
this one
वाजं (vā́jam)
booty, prize
भरति (bharati)
brings
यँ (yám)
which
सनोति (sanóti)
he wins
अस्य (asyá)
his
प्रियासः (priyā́saḥ)
dear, beloved
सख्ये (sakhyé)
in friendship
स्याम (syāma)
may we be
Stanza 4.17.10
अ॒यं शृ॑ण्वे॒ अध॒ जय॑न्नु॒त घ्नन्न॒यमु॒त प्र कृ॑णुते यु॒धा गाः | य॒दा स॒त्यं कृ॑णु॒ते म॒न्युमिन्द्रो॒ विश्वं॑ दृ॒ळ्हं भ॑यत॒ एज॑दस्मात् ||
ayáṁ śr̥ṇve ádha jáyann utá ghnánn ayám utá prá kr̥ṇute yudhā́ gā́ḥ yadā́ satyáṁ kr̥ṇuté manyúm índro víśvaṁ dr̥ḷhám bhayata éjad asmāt
He is renowned when conquering and when slaying; he acquires cattle by fighting. When Indra makes his anger firm, everything firm and moving fears him.
This verse continues to praise Indra's prowess, noting his renown whether he is conquering (jayann) or slaying (ghnann). It mentions his ability to acquire cattle (gāḥ) through combat (yudhā). The verse emphasizes that when Indra intensifies his anger (manyum) and becomes resolute (satyaṃ kr̥ṇute), all beings, both the firm (dr̥ḍhaṃ) and the moving (ejat), are overcome with fear (bhayate).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अयं शृण्वे अध जयन् उत घ्नन् ayám śr̥ṇve ádha jáyan utá ghnán (11 syllables)
- B. अयं उत प्र कृणुते युधा गाः ayám utá prá kr̥ṇute yudhā́ gā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. यदा सत्यं कृणुते मन्युं इन्द्रः yadā́ satyám kr̥ṇuté manyúm índraḥ (11 syllables)
- D. विश्वं दृळं भयते एजत अस्मात् víśvam dr̥ḷhám bhayate éjat asmāt (12 syllables)
अयं (ayám)
this one
शृण्वे (śr̥ṇve)
is heard, renowned
अध (ádha)
then, also
जयन् (jáyan)
conquering
उत (utá)
and
घ्नन् (ghnán)
slaying
अयं (ayám)
this one
उत (utá)
and
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
कृणुते (kr̥ṇute)
makes, causes
युधा (yudhā́)
by fighting, in battle
गाः (gā́ḥ)
cattle
यदा (yadā́)
when
सत्यं (satyám)
true, firm
कृणुते (kr̥ṇuté)
makes, causes
मन्युं (manyúm)
anger, wrath
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
विश्वं (víśvam)
all
दृळं (dr̥ḷhám)
firm, strong
भयते (bhayate)
fears
एजत (éjat)
moving
अस्मात् (asmāt)
from him
Stanza 4.17.11
समिन्द्रो॒ गा अ॑जय॒त्सं हिर॑ण्या॒ सम॑श्वि॒या म॒घवा॒ यो ह॑ पू॒र्वीः | ए॒भिर्नृभि॒र्नृत॑मो अस्य शा॒कै रा॒यो वि॑भ॒क्ता स॑म्भ॒रश्च॒ वस्वः॑ ||
sám índro gā́ ajayat sáṁ híraṇyā sám aśviyā́ maghávā yó ha pūrvī́ḥ ebhír nŕ̥bhir nŕ̥tamo asya śākaí rāyó vibhaktā́ sambharáś ca vásvaḥ
Indra conquered all cattle, all gold, all horses; Maghavan, who breaks down forts. Most manly with his men, he distributes wealth and gathers riches.
This verse enumerates Indra's victories, stating that he conquered (ajayat) all cattle (gāḥ), all gold (hiraṇyā), and all horses (aśviyā). He is identified as Maghavan (maghavā), the one who breaks down strongholds (pūrvīḥ). The verse emphasizes his leadership, calling him the most manly (nṛtamaḥ) among men (nṛbhiḥ), and credits him with distributing wealth (rāyo vibhaktā) and gathering riches (sambharas ca vasvaḥ).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सं इन्द्रः गाः अजयत् सं हिरण्या sám índraḥ gā́ḥ ajayat sám híraṇyā (11 syllables)
- B. सं अश्विया मघवा यः ह पूर्वींः sám aśviyā́ maghávā yáḥ ha pūrvī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. एभिः नृभिः नृतमः अस्य शाकैः ebhíḥ nŕ̥bhiḥ nŕ̥tamaḥ asya śākaíḥ (11 syllables)
- D. रायः विभक्ता सम्भरः च वस्वः rāyáḥ vibhaktā́ sambharáḥ ca vásvaḥ (11 syllables)
सं (sám)
together, completely
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
गाः (gā́ḥ)
cattle
अजयत् (ajayat)
he conquered
सं (sám)
together, completely
हिरण्या (híraṇyā)
gold
सं (sám)
together, completely
अश्विया (aśviyā́)
horses
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
यः (yáḥ)
who
ह (ha)
indeed
पूर्वींः (pūrvī́ḥ)
strongholds, forts
एभिः (ebhíḥ)
with these
नृभिः (nŕ̥bhiḥ)
men
नृतमः (nŕ̥tamaḥ)
most manly, most heroic
अस्य (asya)
his
शाकैः (śākaíḥ)
with armies, forces
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of wealth
विभक्ता (vibhaktā́)
distributor
सम्भरः (sambharáḥ)
gatherer
च (ca)
and
वस्वः (vásvaḥ)
of treasure
Stanza 4.17.12
किय॑त्स्वि॒दिन्द्रो॒ अध्ये॑ति मा॒तुः किय॑त्पि॒तुर्ज॑नि॒तुर्यो ज॒जान॑ | यो अ॑स्य॒ शुष्मं॑ मुहु॒कैरिय॑र्ति॒ वातो॒ न जू॒तः स्त॒नय॑द्भिर॒भ्रैः ||
kíyat svid índro ádhy eti mātúḥ kíyat pitúr janitúr yó jajā́na yó asya śúṣmam muhukaír íyarti vā́to ná jūtá stanáyadbhir abhraíḥ
What care does Indra have for his mother? What care for the father who begat him? His might is propelled like the wind by the thundering clouds.
This verse questions the extent of Indra's concern for his progenitors. It asks about his care for his mother (mātuḥ) and his father (pituḥ), the one who begat him (yo jajāna). The verse then suggests that Indra's true concern lies in actively propelling his might (shuṣmam iyarti) in contests, comparing it to the wind (vātaḥ na) being driven by the thundering clouds (stanayadbhir abhraiḥ).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. कियत् स्विद् इन्द्रः अधि एति मातुः kíyat svit índraḥ ádhi eti mātúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. कियत् पितुः जनितुः यः जजान kíyat pitúḥ janitúḥ yáḥ jajā́na (11 syllables)
- C. यः अस्य शुष्मं मुहुकैः ईयर्र्ति yáḥ asya śúṣmam muhukaíḥ íyarti (11 syllables)
- D. वातः न जूतः स्तनयद्भिः अम्रैः vā́taḥ ná jūtáḥ stanáyadbhiḥ abhraíḥ (11 syllables)
कियत् (kíyat)
how much
स्विद् (svit)
indeed
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
अधि (ádhi)
about, concerning
एति (eti)
cares, attends to
मातुः (mātúḥ)
of the mother
कियत् (kíyat)
how much
पितुः (pitúḥ)
of the father
जनितुः (janitúḥ)
of the begetter
यः (yáḥ)
his
जजान (jajā́na)
begat, produced
यः (yáḥ)
his
अस्य (asya)
his
शुष्मं (śúṣmam)
might, strength
मुहुकैः (muhukaíḥ)
with great effort, force
ईयर्र्ति (íyarti)
propels, drives
वातः (vā́taḥ)
wind
न (ná)
like, as
जूतः (jūtáḥ)
driven, propelled
स्तनयद्भिः (stanáyadbhiḥ)
thundering
अम्रैः (abhraíḥ)
by clouds
Stanza 4.17.13
क्षि॒यन्तं॑ त्व॒मक्षि॑यन्तं कृणो॒तीय॑र्ति रे॒णुं म॒घवा॑ स॒मोह॑म् | वि॒भ॒ञ्ज॒नुर॒शनि॑माँ इव॒ द्यौरु॒त स्तो॒तारं॑ म॒घवा॒ वसौ॑ धात् ||
kṣiyántaṁ tvam ákṣiyantaṁ kr̥ṇotī́yarti reṇúm maghávā samóham vibhañjanúr aśánimām̐ iva dyaúr utá stotā́ram maghávā vásau dhāt
Maghavan makes the settled unsettled; he scatters the dust gathered together. Like heaven with lightning, the breaker (Indra) does. Maghavan will place the singer in wealth.
This verse describes Indra's dynamic and disruptive power. Maghavan (maghavā) is said to make the settled (kṣiyantam) unsettled (akṣiyam). He is capable of scattering (iyarti) dust (reṇuṃ) that has been gathered together (samoham). Like heaven (dyauḥ) equipped with lightning (aśanimān), Indra, the 'breaker' (vibhañjanur), possesses immense power. The verse concludes by stating that Maghavan will place (dhāt) the worshipper (stotāram) in wealth (vasau).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं अक्षियन्तं कृणोति kṣiyántam tvam ákṣiyantam kr̥ṇoti (11 syllables)
- B. ईयर्र्ति रेणुं मघवा समोहं íyarti reṇúm maghávā samóham (11 syllables)
- C. विभञ्जनुः अशनिमाँ इव द्यौः vibhañjanúḥ aśánimān iva dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
- D. उत स्तोतारं मघवा वसौ धात् utá stotā́ram maghávā vásau dhāt (11 syllables)
(kṣiyántam)
settled
त्वं (tvam)
you
अक्षियन्तं (ákṣiyantam)
unsettled, moving
कृणोति (kr̥ṇoti)
makes
ईयर्र्ति (íyarti)
moves, scatters
रेणुं (reṇúm)
dust, powder
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
समोहं (samóham)
gathered together
विभञ्जनुः (vibhañjanúḥ)
breaker, one who breaks
अशनिमाँ (aśánimān)
possessing lightning
इव (iva)
like
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
heaven, sky
उत (utá)
and
स्तोतारं (stotā́ram)
the singer, worshipper
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
वसौ (vásau)
in wealth
धात् (dhāt)
he places, establishes
Stanza 4.17.14
अ॒यं च॒क्रमि॑षण॒त्सूर्य॑स्य॒ न्येत॑शं रीरमत्ससृमा॒णम् | आ कृ॒ष्ण ईं॑ जुहुरा॒णो जि॑घर्ति त्व॒चो बु॒ध्ने रज॑सो अ॒स्य योनौ॑ ||
ayáṁ cakrám iṣaṇat sū́ryasya ny étaśaṁ rīramat sasr̥māṇám ā́ kr̥ṣṇá īṁ juhurāṇó jigharti tvacó budhné rájaso asyá yónau
He urged the sun's wheel forward; he let the swift Etaśa rest. The black, undulating cloud bedeweth him in the depth of the air, in his place.
This verse speaks of Indra's action in relation to the sun's chariot wheel (sūryasya cakram). He is described as urging it on (iṣaṇat) and then allowing the swift horse Etaśa (étaśam) to rest (rīramat sasr̥māṇam). The verse then describes a dark, undulating cloud (kr̥ṣṇaḥ juhurāṇaḥ) that bedews (jigharti) something in the depths of the air (budhne rajaso asya yónau), possibly referring to the fertilization of the atmosphere or the formation of rain.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अयं चक्रं ईषणत् सूर्यस्य ayám cakrám iṣaṇat sū́ryasya (11 syllables)
- B. नि एतशं रीरमत् ससृमाणं ní étaśam rīramat sasr̥māṇám (11 syllables)
- C. आ कृष्णः ईं जुहुराणः जिगर्ति ā́ kr̥ṣṇáḥ īm juhurāṇáḥ jigharti (11 syllables)
- D. त्वचः बुध्ने रजसः अस्य योनौ tvacáḥ budhné rájasaḥ asyá yónau (11 syllables)
अयं (ayám)
this one
चक्रं (cakrám)
wheel
ईषणत् (iṣaṇat)
urged, impelled
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
नि (ní)
down, away
एतशं (étaśam)
Etaśa (a swift horse)
रीरमत् (rīramat)
he rested
ससृमाणं (sasr̥māṇám)
moving, flowing
आ (ā́)
towards
कृष्णः (kr̥ṣṇáḥ)
black
ईं (īm)
him
जुहुराणः (juhurāṇáḥ)
undulating, turning
जिगर्ति (jigharti)
bedews, moistens
त्वचः (tvacáḥ)
skin, surface
बुध्ने (budhné)
in the depth, bottom
रजसः (rájasaḥ)
of the air, atmosphere
अस्य (asyá)
its
योनौ (yónau)
in the place, womb
Stanza 4.17.15
असि॑क्न्यां॒ यज॑मानो॒ न होता॑ ||
ásiknyāṁ yájamāno ná hótā
Like a sacrificing priest in the night.
This is a very short verse, likely a fragment or a continuation of a thought from the previous stanza. It compares a state to that of a sacrificing priest (hotā) in the night (asiknyām), suggesting a ritualistic or devoted action happening in darkness.
Meter:
- A. असिक्यां यजमानो न होता ásiknyām yájamānaḥ ná hótā (11 syllables)
असिक्यां (ásiknyām)
in darkness, night
यजमानो (yájamānaḥ)
sacrificing
न (ná)
like
होता (hótā)
priest
Stanza 4.17.16
ग॒व्यन्त॒ इन्द्रं॑ स॒ख्याय॒ विप्रा॑ अश्वा॒यन्तो॒ वृष॑णं वा॒जय॑न्तः | ज॒नी॒यन्तो॑ जनि॒दामक्षि॑तोति॒मा च्या॑वयामोऽव॒ते न कोश॑म् ||
gavyánta índraṁ sakhyā́ya víprā aśvāyánto vŕ̥ṣaṇaṁ vājáyantaḥ janīyánto janidā́m ákṣitotim ā́ cyāvayāmo 'vaté ná kóśam
Eager for cattle, for strength, for horses, for victory, O singers, we stir Indra. Like a pitcher to a fountain, may we draw him for his support.
This verse expresses the desire of the singers (viprāḥ) to praise Indra for specific gains. They are eager for cattle (gavyantaḥ), strength (vṛṣaṇam), and horses (aśvāyantaḥ), seeking victory (vājayantaḥ). They also seek progeny or desired mates (janīyantaḥ), implying a desire for continuation and sustenance. They implore Indra to stir himself (cyāvayāmo) like a pitcher (kośam) being drawn to a fountain (avaté na), seeking his active support and favor.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. गव्यन्तः इन्द्रं सख्याय विप्राः gavyántaḥ índram sakhyā́ya víprāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अश्वायन्तः वृषणं वाजंयन्तः aśvāyántaḥ vŕ̥ṣaṇam vājáyantaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. जनीयन्तः जनीदाम अक्षितोतिं janīyántaḥ janidā́m ákṣitotim (11 syllables)
- D. आ च्यावयामो अवते न कोशं ā́ cyāvayāmaḥ avaté ná kóśam (11 syllables)
गव्यन्तः (gavyántaḥ)
desiring cattle
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
सख्याय (sakhyā́ya)
for friendship
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
singers, inspired ones
अश्वायन्तः (aśvāyántaḥ)
desiring horses
वृषणं (vŕ̥ṣaṇam)
strong one, bull
वाजंयन्तः (vājáyantaḥ)
desiring victory, strength
जनीयन्तः (janīyántaḥ)
desiring women, progeny
जनीदाम (janidā́m)
giver of offspring
अक्षितोतिं (ákṣitotim)
unfailing succor
आ (ā́)
towards
च्यावयामो (cyāvayāmaḥ)
we stir, move
अवते (avaté)
towards the fountain
न (ná)
like
कोशं (kóśam)
pitcher, vessel
Stanza 4.17.17
त्रा॒ता नो॑ बोधि॒ ददृ॑शान आ॒पिर॑भिख्या॒ता म॑र्डि॒ता सो॒म्याना॑म् | सखा॑ पि॒ता पि॒तृत॑मः पितॄ॒णां कर्ते॑मु लो॒कमु॑श॒ते व॑यो॒धाः ||
trātā́ no bodhi dádr̥śāna āpír abhikhyātā́ marḍitā́ somyā́nām sákhā pitā́ pitŕ̥tamaḥ pitr̥r̥ṇā́ṁ kártem ulokám uśaté vayodhā́ḥ
Be our protector, show yourself as a kinsman, watcher and blesser of the Soma-drinkers. Friend, father, most fatherly of fathers, you create this world for the desiring one, giver of strength.
This verse invokes Indra as a protector (trātā) and kin (āpir), asking him to reveal himself and be a source of blessing (marḍitā) for those who perform sacrifices (somyānām). He is addressed as a friend (sakhā), a father (pitā), and the most fatherly (pitṛtamaḥ) of fathers. The verse concludes by stating that Indra, the giver of strength (vayodhāḥ), creates (kartā) this world (im lokam) for those who desire him (uśate).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्राता नः बोधि ददृशानः आपिः trātā́ naḥ bodhi dádr̥śānaḥ āpíḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अभिख्याता मर्ड़िता सोम्यानां abhikhyātā́ marḍitā́ somyā́nām (11 syllables)
- C. सखा पिता पितृतमः पितॄणां sákhā pitā́ pitŕ̥tamaḥ pitr̥̄ṇā́m (12 syllables)
- D. कर्ते इमु लोकम उशते वयोधाः kártā īm ulokám uśaté vayodhā́ḥ (11 syllables)
त्राता (trātā́)
protector
नः (naḥ)
us
बोधि (bodhi)
be
ददृशानः (dádr̥śānaḥ)
visible, revealed
आपिः (āpíḥ)
kinsman, near one
अभिख्याता (abhikhyātā́)
watcher, observer
मर्ड़िता (marḍitā́)
blesser, helper
सोम्यानां (somyā́nām)
of those who drink Soma
सखा (sákhā)
friend
पिता (pitā́)
father
पितृतमः (pitŕ̥tamaḥ)
most fatherly
पितॄणां (pitr̥̄ṇā́m)
of fathers
कर्ते (kártā)
creator, maker
इमु (īm)
this
लोकम (ulokám)
world, realm
उशते (uśaté)
desiring, wishing
वयोधाः (vayodhā́ḥ)
giver of strength/life
Stanza 4.17.18
स॒खी॒य॒ताम॑वि॒ता बो॑धि॒ सखा॑ गृणा॒न इ॑न्द्र स्तुव॒ते वयो॑ धाः | व॒यं ह्या ते॑ चकृ॒मा स॒बाध॑ आ॒भिः शमी॑भिर्म॒हय॑न्त इन्द्र ||
sakhīyatā́m avitā́ bodhi sákhā gr̥ṇāná indra stuvaté váyo dhāḥ vayáṁ hy ā́ te cakr̥mā́ sabā́dha ābhíḥ śámībhir maháyanta indra
Be a helper, O Friend, to those who seek friendship. Give strength, O Indra, to the singer who praises you. For we have honored you with these sacrifices.
This verse is a plea to Indra to act as a helpful friend (sakhā avitā) to those who seek his friendship (sakhiyatam). It asks him to grant strength (vayaḥ dhāḥ) to the singer (jaritré) who praises him (gr̥ṇānaḥ). The singers declare that they have performed their duty towards him (cakr̥mā sabādh), honoring him with their sacrifices (śamībhiḥ mahayantaḥ).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सखीयताम अविता बोधि सखा sakhīyatā́m avitā́ bodhi sákhā (11 syllables)
- B. गृणाणः इन्द्र स्तुवते वयो धाः gr̥ṇānáḥ indra stuvaté váyaḥ dhāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. वयं हि आ ते चकृमा सबाध vayám hí ā́ te cakr̥má + sabā́dhaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आभिः शमीभिः महंयन्तः इन्द्र ābhíḥ śámībhiḥ maháyantaḥ indra (11 syllables)
सखीयताम (sakhīyatā́m)
of those seeking friendship
अविता (avitā́)
helper, protector
बोधि (bodhi)
be
सखा (sákhā)
friend
गृणाणः (gr̥ṇānáḥ)
praising, singing
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
स्तुवते (stuvaté)
to the one who praises
वयो (váyaḥ)
strength, life
धाः (dhāḥ)
you give
वयं (vayám)
we
हि (hí)
indeed
आ (ā́)
to
ते (te)
to you
चकृमा (cakr̥má +)
have performed
सबाध (sabā́dhaḥ)
mutual support, association
आभिः (ābhíḥ)
with these
शमीभिः (śámībhiḥ)
with sacrifices, oblations
महंयन्तः (maháyantaḥ)
honoring, magnifying
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
Stanza 4.17.19
स्तु॒त इन्द्रो॑ म॒घवा॒ यद्ध॑ वृ॒त्रा भूरी॒ण्येको॑ अप्र॒तीनि॑ हन्ति | अ॒स्य प्रि॒यो ज॑रि॒ता यस्य॒ शर्म॒न्नकि॑र्दे॒वा वा॒रय॑न्ते॒ न मर्ताः॑ ||
stutá índro maghávā yád dha vr̥trā́ bhū́rīṇy éko apratī́ni hanti asyá priyó jaritā́ yásya śárman nákir devā́ vāráyante ná mártāḥ
When Indra Maghavan is praised, he alone slays many unresisted Vṛitras. The beloved singer, under his protection, is never hindered by gods or mortals.
This verse highlights Indra's solitary might in battle. When lauded (stutaḥ) and praised (gr̥ṇānaḥ) as Maghavan (maghavā), Indra alone (ekaḥ) defeats (hanti) numerous (bhūrīṇi) unresisted (apratīni) Vritras (vṛtrā). The verse states that the beloved singer (priyaḥ jaritā) who is under his protection (yasya śarman) is never hindered (na vārayante) by gods (devāḥ) or mortals (martāḥ).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स्तुत इन्द्रः मघवा यद्ध ह वृत्रा stutáḥ índraḥ maghávā yát ha vr̥trā́ (11 syllables)
- B. भूरीणि एकः अप्रतीनि हन्ति bhū́rīṇi ékaḥ apratī́ni hanti (11 syllables)
- C. अस्य प्रियः जरिता यस्य शर्मन् asyá priyáḥ jaritā́ yásya śárman (11 syllables)
- D. नकिः देवाः वारयन्ते न मर्ताः nákiḥ devā́ḥ vāráyante ná mártāḥ (11 syllables)
स्तुत (stutáḥ)
praised
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
यद्ध (yát)
when
ह (ha)
indeed
वृत्रा (vr̥trā́)
Vṛitras (obstacles, demons)
भूरीणि (bhū́rīṇi)
many
एकः (ékaḥ)
alone
अप्रतीनि (apratī́ni)
unresisted, unconquered
हन्ति (hanti)
he slays
अस्य (asyá)
his
प्रियः (priyáḥ)
beloved
जरिता (jaritā́)
singer, praiser
यस्य (yásya)
whose
शर्मन् (śárman)
protection, shelter
नकिः (nákiḥ)
never
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
वारयन्ते (vāráyante)
they hinder, prevent
न (ná)
nor
मर्ताः (mártāḥ)
mortals
Stanza 4.17.20
ए॒वा न॒ इन्द्रो॑ म॒घवा॑ विर॒प्शी कर॑त्स॒त्या च॑र्षणी॒धृद॑न॒र्वा | त्वं राजा॑ ज॒नुषां॑ धेह्य॒स्मे अधि॒ श्रवो॒ माहि॑नं॒ यज्ज॑रि॒त्रे ||
evā́ na índro maghávā virapśī́ kárat satyā́ carṣaṇīdhŕ̥d anarvā́ tváṁ rā́jā janúṣāṁ dhehy asmé ádhi śrávo mā́hinaṁ yáj jaritré
May Indra Maghavan, the broad-shouldered, the upholder of men, grant us true, unhindered blessings. You, King of beings, grant us abundant glory, worthy of the singer.
This verse concludes the hymn with a prayer to Indra. The singers ask that Indra (Indraḥ), the generous Maghavan (maghavā), the 'wide-shouldered' (virapśī) and 'man-upholding' (carṣaṇīdhr̥d) god, may grant them true (satyā) blessings. They describe him as 'unbridled' (anarvā) and the king (rājā) of all beings (januṣām). They ask him to grant them glorious fame (śravo māhinam), especially deserving for the singer (jaritré).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा नः इन्द्रः मघवा विरप्शी evá + naḥ índraḥ maghávā virapśī́ (11 syllables)
- B. करत् सत्या चर्षणीधृद् अनर्वा kárat satyā́ carṣaṇīdhŕ̥t anarvā́ (11 syllables)
- C. त्वं राजा जणूषं धेहि अस्मे tvám rā́jā janúṣām dhehi asmé (11 syllables)
- D. अधि श्रवो माहिणं यज् जरित्रे ádhi śrávaḥ mā́hinam yát jaritré (11 syllables)
एवा (evá +)
thus
नः (naḥ)
us
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
मघवा (maghávā)
Maghavan (generous one)
विरप्शी (virapśī́)
wide-shouldered, mighty
करत् (kárat)
may he do
सत्या (satyā́)
true
चर्षणीधृद् (carṣaṇīdhŕ̥t)
upholder of mankind
अनर्वा (anarvā́)
unbridled, unrestrained
त्वं (tvám)
you
राजा (rā́jā)
king
जणूषं (janúṣām)
of beings, births
धेहि (dhehi)
grant, place
अस्मे (asmé)
to us
अधि (ádhi)
upon, in
श्रवो (śrávaḥ)
glory, fame
माहिणं (mā́hinam)
great, abundant
यज् (yát)
which
जरित्रे (jaritré)
for the singer
Stanza 4.17.21
नू ष्टु॒त इ॑न्द्र॒ नू गृ॑णा॒न इषं॑ जरि॒त्रे न॒द्यो॒३॒॑ न पी॑पेः | अका॑रि ते हरिवो॒ ब्रह्म॒ नव्यं॑ धि॒या स्या॑म र॒थ्यः॑ सदा॒साः ||
nū́ ṣṭutá indra nū́ gr̥ṇāná íṣaṁ jaritré nadyò ná pīpeḥ ákāri te harivo bráhma návyaṁ dhiyā́ syāma rathyàḥ sadāsā́ḥ
Now, Indra, praised and glorified, swell power for the singer like rivers. A new hymn is made for you, Lord of Horses. May we be chariot-riders, always successful through devotion.
This concluding verse addresses Indra as lauded and praised, asking him to bestow power (iṣaṃ) upon the singer (jaritré) like rivers (nadyaḥ) swell. It declares that a new (navyaṃ) hymn (brahma) has been composed for him, Lord of Horses (harivaḥ). The singers pray to become chariot-borne (rathyāḥ) and successful companions (sadāsāḥ) through devotion (dhiyā).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नू स्तुत इन्द्र नू गृणाण nú + stutáḥ indra nú + gr̥ṇānáḥ (11 syllables)
- B. इषं जरित्रे नद्यः न पीपेः íṣam jaritré nadyàḥ ná pīpeḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अकारि ते हरिवो ब्रह्म नव्यं ákāri te harivaḥ bráhma návyam (11 syllables)
- D. धिया स्याम रThयः सदासाः dhiyā́ syāma rathyàḥ sadāsā́ḥ (11 syllables)
नू (nú +)
now
स्तुत (stutáḥ)
praised
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
नू (nú +)
now
गृणाण (gr̥ṇānáḥ)
glorified, praised
इषं (íṣam)
power, strength
जरित्रे (jaritré)
for the singer
नद्यः (nadyàḥ)
rivers
न (ná)
like
पीपेः (pīpeḥ)
you swell
अकारि (ákāri)
was made, composed
ते (te)
for you
हरिवो (harivaḥ)
Lord of Horses
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
hymn, prayer
नव्यं (návyam)
new
धिया (dhiyā́)
by devotion, thought
स्याम (syāma)
may we be
रThयः (rathyàḥ)
chariot-riders
सदासाः (sadāsā́ḥ)
companions, successful ones