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Stanza 2.19.1
अपा॑य्य॒स्यान्ध॑सो॒ मदा॑य॒ मनी॑षिणः सुवा॒नस्य॒ प्रय॑सः | यस्मि॒न्निन्द्रः॑ प्र॒दिवि॑ वावृधा॒न ओको॑ द॒धे ब्र॑ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑श्च॒ नरः॑ ||
ápāyy asyā́ndhaso mádāya mánīṣiṇaḥ suvānásya práyasaḥ yásminn índraḥ pradívi vāvr̥dhāná óko dadhé brahmaṇyántaś ca náraḥ
Oh, wise ones, the soma juice has been drunk for joy! It's the offering from the soma-presser, prepared with care. In it, Indra grew stronger in the past and found his delight, along with the people who worship him.
This stanza is a prayer to Indra, asking him to enjoy the soma drink, which is prepared by wise priests. Indra is described as growing mighty and finding delight in this sacred offering, along with the devoted worshippers. It sets the scene for Indra's power and the rituals performed for him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अपा॑यि स्या अन्ध॑सः मदा॑य ápāyi asyá ándhasaḥ mádāya (11 syllables)
- B. मनी॑षिणः सुवा॒नस्य प्रय॑सः mánīṣiṇaḥ suvānásya práyasaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. यस्मि॑न् इन्द्रः प्र॒दिवि॑ वावृधा॒नः yásmin índraḥ pradívi vāvr̥dhānáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. ओकः द॒धे ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑श्च च नरः॑ ókaḥ dadhé brahmaṇyántaḥ ca náraḥ (11 syllables)
अपा॑यि (ápāyi)
was drunk
स्या (asyá)
of this
अन्ध॑सः (ándhasaḥ)
of the juice
मदा॑य (mádāya)
for enjoyment
मनी॑षिणः (mánīṣiṇaḥ)
O wise ones
सुवा॒नस्य (suvānásya)
of the one who pressed
प्रय॑सः (práyasaḥ)
of the offering
यस्मि॑न् (yásmin)
in which
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
प्र॒दिवि॑ (pradívi)
in the past
वावृधा॒नः (vāvr̥dhānáḥ)
having grown strong
ओकः (ókaḥ)
delight
द॒धे (dadhé)
placed
ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑श्च (brahmaṇyántaḥ)
worshipping
च (ca)
and
नरः॑ (náraḥ)
people
Stanza 2.19.2
अ॒स्य म॑न्दा॒नो मध्वो॒ वज्र॑ह॒स्तोऽहि॒मिन्द्रो॑ अर्णो॒वृतं॒ वि वृ॑श्चत् | प्र यद्वयो॒ न स्वस॑रा॒ण्यच्छा॒ प्रयां॑सि च न॒दीनां॒ चक्र॑मन्त ||
asyá mandānó mádhvo vájrahastó 'him índro arṇovŕ̥taṁ ví vr̥ścat prá yád váyo ná svásarāṇy áchā práyāṁsi ca nadī́nāṁ cákramanta
Feeling the exhilaration of this sweet drink, Indra, the thunderbolt-wielder, struck down the serpent Vritra who was holding back the waters. Then, the flowing waters rushed out like birds heading home, just as they moved towards their resting places.
This hymn celebrates Indra's might as he, energized by the soma drink, defeats the serpent Vritra, who was blocking the waters. This victory releases the flowing rivers, depicted as swiftly moving like birds returning to their nests, signifying the restoration of flow and life.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अस्य मन्दा॒नः मध्वो वज्र॑ह॒स्तो asyá mandānáḥ mádhvaḥ vájrahastaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अहिं इन्द्रो अर्णो॒वृतं वि वृश्चत् áhim índraḥ arṇovŕ̥tam ví vr̥ścat (11 syllables)
- C. प्र यत् वयः न स्व॒सरा॑ण्य अच्छा prá yát váyaḥ ná svásarāṇi ácha + (11 syllables)
- D. प्रयां॑सि च नदी॒नां चक्रमन्त práyāṃsi ca nadī́nām cákramanta (11 syllables)
अस्य (asyá)
of this
मन्दा॒नः (mandānáḥ)
rejoicing
मध्वो (mádhvaḥ)
of the sweet drink
वज्र॑ह॒स्तो (vájrahastaḥ)
thunderbolt-wielder
अहिं (áhim)
the serpent (Vritra)
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
अर्णो॒वृतं (arṇovŕ̥tam)
obstructing the waters
वि (ví)
apart
वृश्चत् (vr̥ścat)
he cut
प्र (prá)
forth
यत् (yát)
which
वयः (váyaḥ)
swift
न (ná)
like
स्व॒सरा॑ण्य (svásarāṇi)
resting places
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards
प्रयां॑सि (práyāṃsi)
movements
च (ca)
and
नदी॒नां (nadī́nām)
of the rivers
चक्रमन्त (cákramanta)
they moved
Stanza 2.19.3
स माहि॑न॒ इन्द्रो॒ अर्णो॑ अ॒पां प्रैर॑यदहि॒हाच्छा॑ समु॒द्रम् | अज॑नय॒त्सूर्यं॑ वि॒दद्गा अ॒क्तुनाह्नां॑ व॒युना॑नि साधत् ||
sá mā́hina índro árṇo apā́m praírayad ahihā́chā samudrám ájanayat sū́ryaṁ vidád gā́ aktúnā́hnāṁ vayúnāni sādhat
Indra, this mighty one who slays the dragon, sent forth the flood of waters to the ocean. He gave life to the Sun, found the cattle, and with the darkness of night, he organized the activities of the days.
This verse continues the praise of Indra, highlighting his role in releasing the waters towards the ocean, bringing forth the sun, finding lost cattle, and organizing the cycle of day and night. He is depicted as a powerful cosmic force responsible for order and sustenance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स माहि॑न इन्द्रो अर्णो अ॒पां sá mā́hinaḥ índraḥ árṇaḥ apā́m (11 syllables)
- B. प्रै रय॑द अहि॒हा अच्छा समु॒द्रम् prá airayat ahihā́ ácha + samudrám (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒ज॒नयत् स॒ूर्यं वि॒दद् गा ájanayat sū́ryam vidát gā́ḥ (10 syllables)
- D. अ॒क्तुनाह्नां अ॒ह्नां व॒युना॑नि सा॒धत् aktúnā áhnām vayúnāni sādhat (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
माहि॑न (mā́hinaḥ)
mighty one
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
अर्णो (árṇaḥ)
flood
अ॒पां (apā́m)
of the waters
प्रै (prá)
forth
रय॑द (airayat)
he made flow
अहि॒हा (ahihā́)
dragon-slayer
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards
समु॒द्रम् (samudrám)
the ocean
अ॒ज॒नयत् (ájanayat)
he brought forth
स॒ूर्यं (sū́ryam)
the sun
वि॒दद् (vidát)
found
गा (gā́ḥ)
cattle
अ॒क्तुनाह्नां (aktúnā)
with night
अ॒ह्नां (áhnām)
of the days
व॒युना॑नि (vayúnāni)
activities
सा॒धत् (sādhat)
he organized
Stanza 2.19.4
सो अ॑प्र॒तीनि॒ मन॑वे पु॒रूणीन्द्रो॑ दाशद्दा॒शुषे॒ हन्ति॑ वृ॒त्रम् | स॒द्यो यो नृभ्यो॑ अत॒साय्यो॒ भूत्प॑स्पृधा॒नेभ्यः॒ सूर्य॑स्य सा॒तौ ||
só apratī́ni mánave purū́ṇī́ndro dāśad dāśúṣe hánti vr̥trám sadyó yó nŕ̥bhyo atasā́yyo bhū́t paspr̥dhānébhyaḥ sū́ryasya sātaú
Indra, the generous one, has given many unmatched gifts to Manu, the worshipper. He slays Vritra! He is the one to be sought by people striving for the sunlight, ready to be approached with prayers.
Indra is praised for his generosity, showering many unparalleled gifts upon his devotee, Manu. He is also the slayer of Vritra. The stanza emphasizes that Indra is the one to be sought for help by those striving for success, especially in securing the light of the sun.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सो अ॒प्र॒तीनि म॒नवे पु॒रूणी sáḥ apratī́ni mánave purū́ṇi (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रो दाशद् दा॒शुषे हन्ति वृ॒त्रम् índraḥ dāśat dāśúṣe hánti vr̥trám (11 syllables)
- C. स॒द्यो यो नृभ्यो अ॒त॒साय्यो भूत् sadyás yáḥ nŕ̥bhyaḥ atasā́yyaḥ bhū́t (11 syllables)
- D. पस्पृधा॒नेभ्यः सूर्यस्य सा॒तौ paspr̥dhānébhyaḥ sū́ryasya sātaú (11 syllables)
सो (sáḥ)
he
अ॒प्र॒तीनि (apratī́ni)
unmatched
म॒नवे (mánave)
to Manu
पु॒रूणी (purū́ṇi)
many
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
दाशद् (dāśat)
gives
दा॒शुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the worshipper
हन्ति (hánti)
he slays
वृ॒त्रम् (vr̥trám)
Vritra
स॒द्यो (sadyás)
immediately
यो (yáḥ)
who
नृभ्यो (nŕ̥bhyaḥ)
to the people
अ॒त॒साय्यो (atasā́yyaḥ)
to be sought
भूत् (bhū́t)
became
पस्पृधा॒नेभ्यः (paspr̥dhānébhyaḥ)
struggling
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
सा॒तौ (sātaú)
in obtaining
Stanza 2.19.5
स सु॑न्व॒त इन्द्रः॒ सूर्य॒मा दे॒वो रि॑ण॒ङ्मर्त्या॑य स्त॒वान् | आ यद्र॒यिं गु॒हद॑वद्यमस्मै॒ भर॒दंशं॒ नैत॑शो दश॒स्यन् ||
sá sunvatá índraḥ sū́ryam ā́ devó riṇaṅ mártyāya stavā́n ā́ yád rayíṁ guhádavadyam asmai bhárad áṁśaṁ naítaśo daśasyán
Indra, the god, gave the sun to the mortal who offered him Soma. For Etaśa, with worship, brought riches that protected from harm, as if it were his rightful share.
This verse praises Indra for bestowing the sun upon a mortal worshipper. The god is described as giving the sun, possibly a metaphor for prosperity or enlightenment, to the devotee named Etaśa, who brought riches and protection from distress through his worship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स सु॑न्व॒त इन्द्रः सूर्य॒ sá sunvaté índraḥ sū́ryam (9 syllables)
- B. आ दे॒वो रि॑ण॒ मर्त्या॑य स्त॒वान् ā́ deváḥ riṇak mártyāya stavā́n ? (11 syllables)
- C. आ यत् र॒यिं गु॒हद॑वद्यम अस्मै ā́ yát rayím guhádavadyam asmai (11 syllables)
- D. भ॒रत् अंशं नै तशः दश॒स्यन् bhárat áṃśam ná étaśaḥ daśasyán (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
सु॑न्व॒त (sunvaté)
to the one offering Soma
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
सूर्य॒ (sū́ryam)
the sun
आ (ā́)
towards
दे॒वो (deváḥ)
the god
रि॑ण॒ (riṇak)
he released
मर्त्या॑य (mártyāya)
to the mortal
स्त॒वान् (stavā́n ?)
praised?
आ (ā́)
towards
यत् (yát)
which
र॒यिं (rayím)
riches
गु॒हद॑वद्यम (guhádavadyam)
warding off evil
अस्मै (asmai)
to him
भ॒रत् (bhárat)
he brought
अंशं (áṃśam)
portion
नै (ná)
like
तशः (étaśaḥ)
Etaśa
दश॒स्यन् (daśasyán)
serving
Stanza 2.19.6
स र॑न्धयत्स॒दिवः॒ सार॑थये॒ शुष्ण॑म॒शुषं॒ कुय॑वं॒ कुत्सा॑य | दिवो॑दासाय नव॒तिं च॒ नवेन्द्रः॒ पुरो॒ व्यै॑र॒च्छम्ब॑रस्य ||
sá randhayat sadívaḥ sā́rathaye śúṣṇam aśúṣaṁ kúyavaṁ kútsāya dívodāsāya navatíṁ ca návéndraḥ púro vy a .ìrac chámbarasya
Indra, for the charioteer Kutsa, gave up the greedy Shuṣṇa, the plague of the harvest. And Indra destroyed the ninety-nine castles of Shambara for Divodasa.
This verse recounts Indra's military prowess. He gave the demon Shuṣṇa to Kutsa, his charioteer, and destroyed 99 fortresses belonging to Shambara for Divodasa. This highlights Indra's role as a protector and destroyer of enemies for his allies.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स र॒न्धयत् स॒दिवः सा॒रथये sá randhayat sadívas sā́rathaye (11 syllables)
- B. शुष्ण॑ अ॒शुषं कुय॑व कुत्सा॑य śúṣṇam aśúṣam kúyavam kútsāya (11 syllables)
- C. दिवो॒दासाय नव॒तिं च नवे dívodāsāya navatím ca náva (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रः पुरो व्यै रच्छम्ब॑रस्य शम्ब॑रस्य índraḥ púraḥ ví airat śámbarasya (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
र॒न्धयत् (randhayat)
he subjugated
स॒दिवः (sadívas)
once
सा॒रथये (sā́rathaye)
to the charioteer
शुष्ण॑ (śúṣṇam)
Shuṣṇa (a demon)
अ॒शुषं (aśúṣam)
plague
कुय॑व (kúyavam)
harvest
कुत्सा॑य (kútsāya)
to Kutsa
दिवो॒दासाय (dívodāsāya)
to Divodasa
नव॒तिं (navatím)
ninety
च (ca)
and
नवे (náva)
nine
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
पुरो (púraḥ)
fortresses
व्यै (ví)
apart
रच्छम्ब॑रस्य (airat)
he destroyed
शम्ब॑रस्य (śámbarasya)
of Shambara
Stanza 2.19.7
ए॒वा त॑ इन्द्रो॒चथ॑महेम श्रव॒स्या न त्मना॑ वा॒जय॑न्तः | अ॒श्याम॒ तत्साप्त॑माशुषा॒णा न॒नमो॒ वध॒रदे॑वस्य पी॒योः ||
evā́ ta indrocátham ahema śravasyā́ ná tmánā vājáyantaḥ aśyā́ma tát sā́ptam āśuṣāṇā́ nanámo vádhar ádevasya pīyóḥ
So, Indra, we have presented this hymn to you, seeking your favor and glory. We hope to gain your friendship and ask that you protect us from the weapons of the godless enemy. Let us speak loudly with heroes in the assembly.
The worshippers address Indra, acknowledging their hymn and their desire for glory and strength. They express a hope to gain his favor and ask him to protect them from the weapons of the godless, implying a plea for divine protection and victory.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा त इन्द्रो उचथं हेम evá + te indra ucátham ahema (11 syllables)
- B. श्रव॒स्या न त्मना वा॒जय॑न्तः śravasyā́ ná tmánā vājáyantaḥ (10 syllables)
- C. अ॒श्याम तत् साप्त॑ आशुषा॒णा aśyā́ma tát sā́ptam āśuṣāṇā́ḥ (10 syllables)
- D. न॒नमो व॒ध अ॒दे॒वस्य पी॒योः nanámaḥ vádhar ádevasya pīyóḥ (11 syllables)
एवा (evá +)
so
त (te)
to you
इन्द्रो (indra)
O Indra
उचथं (ucátham)
hymn
हेम (ahema)
we have presented
श्रव॒स्या (śravasyā́)
for glory
न (ná)
and
त्मना (tmánā)
strengthening ourselves
वा॒जय॑न्तः (vājáyantaḥ)
seeking victory
अ॒श्याम (aśyā́ma)
may we gain
तत् (tát)
that
साप्त॑ (sā́ptam)
friendship
आशुषा॒णा (āśuṣāṇā́ḥ)
eager
न॒नमो (nanámaḥ)
may we bend
व॒ध (vádhar)
weapons
अ॒दे॒वस्य (ádevasya)
of the godless
पी॒योः (pīyóḥ)
of the enemy
Stanza 2.19.8
ए॒वा ते॑ गृत्सम॒दाः शू॑र॒ मन्मा॑व॒स्यवो॒ न व॒युना॑नि तक्षुः | ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑ इन्द्र ते॒ नवी॑य॒ इष॒मूर्जं॑ सुक्षि॒तिं सु॒म्नम॑श्युः ||
evā́ te gr̥tsamadā́ḥ śūra mánmāvasyávo ná vayúnāni takṣuḥ brahmaṇyánta indra te návīya íṣam ū́rjaṁ sukṣitíṁ sumnám aśyuḥ
Thus, O Hero Indra, we, the Gritsamadas, have crafted our thoughts and deeds, seeking your favor. May we who worship you anew, O Indra, gain food, strength, prosperity, and a good dwelling.
The Gritsamada sages address Indra, stating they have crafted their hymn and efforts for him, seeking his favor. They express a desire for divine blessings like sustenance, strength, and happiness, indicating their devotion and hope for Indra's continued support.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एवा ते गृ॒त्सम॒दाः शू॑र म॒न्मा evá + te gr̥tsamadā́ḥ śūra mánma (11 syllables)
- B. अ॒व॒स्यवो न व॒युना॑नि त॒क्षुः avasyávaḥ ná vayúnāni takṣuḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑ इन्द्र ते नवी॑य brahmaṇyántaḥ indra te návīyaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इष ऊ॒र्जं सुक्षि॒तिं सु॒म्न अ॒श्युः íṣam ū́rjam sukṣitím sumnám aśyuḥ (11 syllables)
एवा (evá +)
thus
ते (te)
your
गृ॒त्सम॒दाः (gr̥tsamadā́ḥ)
O Gritsamadas
शू॑र (śūra)
O hero
म॒न्मा (mánma)
thoughts
अ॒व॒स्यवो (avasyávaḥ)
seeking favor
न (ná)
and
व॒युना॑नि (vayúnāni)
deeds
त॒क्षुः (takṣuḥ)
they crafted
ब्र॒ह्म॒ण्यन्त॑ (brahmaṇyántaḥ)
worshipping
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
ते (te)
your
नवी॑य (návīyaḥ)
new
इष (íṣam)
food
ऊ॒र्जं (ū́rjam)
strength
सुक्षि॒तिं (sukṣitím)
good dwelling
सु॒म्न (sumnám)
happiness
अ॒श्युः (aśyuḥ)
may they obtain
Stanza 2.19.9
नू॒नं सा ते॒ प्रति॒ वरं॑ जरि॒त्रे दु॑ही॒यदि॑न्द्र॒ दक्षि॑णा म॒घोनी॑ | शिक्षा॑ स्तो॒तृभ्यो॒ माति॑ ध॒ग्भगो॑ नो बृ॒हद्व॑देम वि॒दथे॑ सु॒वीराः॑ ||
nūnáṁ sā́ te práti váraṁ jaritré duhīyád indra dákṣiṇā maghónī śíkṣā stotŕ̥bhyo mā́ti dhag bhágo no br̥hád vadema vidáthe suvī́rāḥ
Now, Indra, may that generous provider of yours give a boon in return to the singer! Grant success to the praisers: may fortune not fail us! Let us speak boldly with heroes in the assembly.
The hymn concludes with a prayer to Indra, asking him to bestow his generous blessings, like a rich cow, upon the worshipper. They pray that fortune doesn't fail them and that they may be able to speak boldly with heroic companions in gatherings, signifying a desire for divine favor, success, and community.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नू॒नं सा ते प्रति वरं जरि॒त्रे nūnám sā́ te práti váram jaritré (11 syllables)
- B. दु॒ही॒यत् इन्द्र दक्षि॑ म॒घोनी duhīyát indra dákṣiṇā maghónī (11 syllables)
- C. शिक्षा स्तो॒तृभ्यो माति अति ध॒ग्भगो भगो नो śíkṣa + stotŕ̥bhyaḥ mā́ áti dhak bhágaḥ naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. बृ॒हद् व॒देम वि॒दथे सु॒वीराः br̥hát vadema vidáthe suvī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
नू॒नं (nūnám)
now
सा (sā́)
that
ते (te)
your
प्रति (práti)
in return
वरं (váram)
boon
जरि॒त्रे (jaritré)
to the singer
दु॒ही॒यत् (duhīyát)
may give
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
दक्षि॑ (dákṣiṇā)
generous provider
म॒घोनी (maghónī)
wealthy
शिक्षा (śíkṣa +)
grant
स्तो॒तृभ्यो (stotŕ̥bhyaḥ)
to the praisers
माति (mā́)
not
अति (áti)
away
ध॒ग्भगो (dhak)
may fail
भगो (bhágaḥ)
fortune
नो (naḥ)
us
बृ॒हद् (br̥hát)
loudly
व॒देम (vadema)
may we speak
वि॒दथे (vidáthe)
in assembly
सु॒वीराः (suvī́rāḥ)
with heroes