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Stanza 2.18.1
प्रा॒ता रथो॒ नवो॑ योजि॒ सस्नि॒श्चतु॑र्युगस्त्रिक॒शः स॒प्तर॑श्मिः | दशा॑रित्रो मनु॒ष्यः॑ स्व॒र्षाः स इ॒ष्टिभि॑र्म॒तिभी॒ रंह्यो॑ भूत् ||
prātā́ rátho návo yoji sásniś cáturyugas trikaśáḥ saptáraśmiḥ dáśāritro manuṣyàḥ svarṣā́ḥ sá iṣṭíbhir matíbhī ráṁhyo bhūt
This morning, the new chariot has been prepared and equipped. With its four wheels, three whips, and seven reins, it's ready for use. This human-made chariot, which can seize the light, is now poised to be moved by rituals and intentions.
This hymn introduces a brand-new chariot, ready for action at dawn. It's described with a four-wheeled structure, three whips, and seven reins, highlighting its advanced design and controllability. This powerful chariot, associated with humans and capable of capturing the sun's brilliance, is now ready to be propelled by prayers and thoughts.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्रा॒तर् रथः नवो योजि सस्निः prātár ráthaḥ návaḥ yoji sásniḥ (11 syllables)
- B. चतुर्युगः त्रिकशः सप्तरश्मिः cáturyugaḥ trikaśáḥ saptáraśmiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. दशा॑रित्रो मनुष्यः स्व॒र्षाः dáśāritraḥ manuṣyàḥ svarṣā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. स इ॒ष्टिभिः मतिभीः रंह्यो भूत् sáḥ iṣṭíbhiḥ matíbhiḥ ráṃhyaḥ bhūt (11 syllables)
प्रा॒तर् (prātár)
at dawn
रथः (ráthaḥ)
chariot
नवो (návaḥ)
new
योजि (yoji)
was equipped
सस्निः (sásniḥ)
victorious
चतुर्युगः (cáturyugaḥ)
having four yokes
त्रिकशः (trikaśáḥ)
with three whips
सप्तरश्मिः (saptáraśmiḥ)
with seven reins
दशा॑रित्रो (dáśāritraḥ)
ten-rimmed
मनुष्यः (manuṣyàḥ)
human-made
स्व॒र्षाः (svarṣā́ḥ)
sun-winner
स (sáḥ)
it
इ॒ष्टिभिः (iṣṭíbhiḥ)
by rituals
मतिभीः (matíbhiḥ)
by thoughts/wishes
रंह्यो (ráṃhyaḥ)
swift
भूत् (bhūt)
became
Stanza 2.18.2
सास्मा॒ अरं॑ प्रथ॒मं स द्वि॒तीय॑मु॒तो तृ॒तीयं॒ मनु॑षः॒ स होता॑ | अ॒न्यस्या॒ गर्भ॑म॒न्य ऊ॑ जनन्त॒ सो अ॒न्येभिः॑ सचते॒ जेन्यो॒ वृषा॑ ||
sā́smā áram prathamáṁ sá dvitī́yam utó tr̥tī́yam mánuṣaḥ sá hótā anyásyā gárbham anyá ū jananta só anyébhiḥ sacate jényo vŕ̥ṣā
It is ready for him, the first, the second, and the third time. He acts as man's priest and messenger. Others have offspring from a different source; he associates with others, a vigorous bull.
This verse describes the chariot's readiness and purpose, stating it's prepared for first, second, and third use, serving humans as a priest and messenger. It also touches upon reproduction and lineage, where one may have offspring from another, and then associates with others, like a strong bull.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स अस्मै अरं प्रथ॒मं स द्वि॒तीयं sá asmai áram prathamám sá dvitī́yam (11 syllables)
- B. उतो उ तृ॒तीयं मनु॑षः स होता utá u tr̥tī́yam mánuṣaḥ sá hótā (11 syllables)
- C. अन्यस्याः गर्भम अन्ये जनन्त anyásyāḥ gárbham anyé u + jananta (11 syllables)
- D. सो अन्येभिः सचते जेन्यो वृषा sáḥ anyébhiḥ sacate jényaḥ vŕ̥ṣā (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he
अस्मै (asmai)
for him
अरं (áram)
ready
प्रथ॒मं (prathamám)
the first
स (sá)
he
द्वि॒तीयं (dvitī́yam)
the second
उतो (utá)
and
उ (u)
also
तृ॒तीयं (tr̥tī́yam)
the third
मनु॑षः (mánuṣaḥ)
of man
स (sá)
he
होता (hótā)
priest
अन्यस्याः (anyásyāḥ)
of another
गर्भम (gárbham)
offspring
अन्ये (anyé)
others
(u +)
जनन्त (jananta)
they bore/generated
सो (sáḥ)
he
अन्येभिः (anyébhiḥ)
with others
सचते (sacate)
associates
जेन्यो (jényaḥ)
desirable/noble
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
bull
Stanza 2.18.3
हरी॒ नु कं॒ रथ॒ इन्द्र॑स्य योजमा॒यै सू॒क्तेन॒ वच॑सा॒ नवे॑न | मो षु त्वामत्र॑ ब॒हवो॒ हि विप्रा॒ नि री॑रम॒न्यज॑मानासो अ॒न्ये ||
hárī nú kaṁ rátha índrasya yojam āyaí sūkténa vácasā návena mó ṣú tvā́m átra bahávo hí víprā ní rīraman yájamānāso anyé
We have harnessed the bay horses to Indra's chariot. May these new, good words bring him here! Oh Indra, don't let other worshippers hold you back; many brilliant devotees are here.
The poet declares they have harnessed Indra's chariot with its bay horses, hoping new, well-spoken verses will bring him near. They then address Indra, asking him not to be delayed by other worshippers, emphasizing that many devout individuals are present and ready to praise him.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. हरी नु कं रथ इन्द्रस्य योजम hárī nú kam ráthaḥ índrasya yojam (11 syllables)
- B. यायै सूक्तेन वचसा नवेन āyaí sūkténa vácasā návena (11 syllables)
- C. मो उ सु त्वाम अत्र बहवो हि विप्राः mā́ u sú tvā́m átra bahávaḥ hí víprāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. नि रीरमन् यजमानासो अन्ये ní rīraman yájamānāsaḥ anyé (11 syllables)
हरी (hárī)
bay horses
नु (nú)
now
कं (kam)
indeed
रथ (ráthaḥ)
chariot
इन्द्रस्य (índrasya)
of Indra
योजम (yojam)
I have harnessed
यायै (āyaí)
to go/approach
सूक्तेन (sūkténa)
with good words
वचसा (vácasā)
with speech
नवेन (návena)
new
मो (mā́)
not
उ (u)
indeed
सु (sú)
well
त्वाम (tvā́m)
you
अत्र (átra)
here
बहवो (bahávaḥ)
many
हि (hí)
indeed
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
intelligent/devout ones
नि (ní)
down
रीरमन् (rīraman)
they delay/detain
यजमानासो (yájamānāsaḥ)
worshippers
अन्ये (anyé)
others
Stanza 2.18.4
आ द्वाभ्यां॒ हरि॑भ्यामिन्द्र या॒ह्या च॒तुर्भि॒रा ष॒ड्भिर्हू॒यमा॑नः | आष्टा॒भिर्द॒शभिः॑ सोम॒पेय॑म॒यं सु॒तः सु॑मख॒ मा मृध॑स्कः ||
ā́ dvā́bhyāṁ háribhyām indra yāhy ā́ catúrbhir ā́ ṣaḍbhír hūyámānaḥ ā́ṣṭābhír daśábhiḥ somapéyam ayáṁ sutáḥ sumakha mā́ mŕ̥dhas kaḥ
Indra, come with two bay horses, come with four, with six when called! Come with eight, with ten, to drink the Soma! This pressed juice is for you, mighty warrior, don't disregard it!
This verse is an enthusiastic invitation to Indra, urging him to come quickly with his chariot. The poet specifies various numbers of horses – two, four, six, eight, and ten – indicating Indra's power and speed. It's also a call to partake in the Soma drink, a ritualistic offering, assuring him that the prepared juice is ready and urging him not to neglect it.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ द्वाभ्यां हरिभ्यामिन्द्र इन्द्र याहि ā́ dvā́bhyām háribhyām indra yāhi (11 syllables)
- B. आ चतुर्भिः आ षड्भिः हूयमानः ā́ catúrbhiḥ ā́ ṣaḍbhíḥ hūyámānaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. आ आष्टाभिः दशभिः सोमपेयम ā́ aṣṭābhíḥ daśábhiḥ somapéyam (11 syllables)
- D. अय सुतः सु॒मख मा मृध कृ ayám sutáḥ sumakha mā́ mŕ̥dhaḥ kar (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
द्वाभ्यां (dvā́bhyām)
with two
हरिभ्यामिन्द्र (háribhyām)
bay horses
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
याहि (yāhi)
come
आ (ā́)
hither
चतुर्भिः (catúrbhiḥ)
with four
आ (ā́)
hither
षड्भिः (ṣaḍbhíḥ)
with six
हूयमानः (hūyámānaḥ)
being called
आ (ā́)
hither
आष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhíḥ)
with eight
दशभिः (daśábhiḥ)
with ten
सोमपेयम (somapéyam)
Soma-drink
अय (ayám)
this
सुतः (sutáḥ)
pressed (Soma)
सु॒मख (sumakha)
strong warrior
मा (mā́)
not
मृध (mŕ̥dhaḥ)
scorn/disregard
कृ (kar)
do
Stanza 2.18.5
आ विं॑श॒त्या त्रिं॒शता॑ याह्य॒र्वाङा च॑त्वारिं॒शता॒ हरि॑भिर्युजा॒नः | आ प॑ञ्चा॒शता॑ सु॒रथे॑भिरि॒न्द्रा ष॒ष्ट्या स॑प्त॒त्या सो॑म॒पेय॑म् ||
ā́ viṁśatyā́ triṁśátā yāhy arvā́ṅ ā́ catvāriṁśátā háribhir yujānáḥ ā́ pañcāśátā suráthebhir indrā́ ṣaṣṭyā́ saptatyā́ somapéyam
Come with twenty, thirty, forty horses, Indra! Come yoked with fifty well-trained horses! Come with sixty, seventy, Indra, to drink the Soma!
This verse continues the invitation to Indra, asking him to arrive with increasing numbers of horses: twenty, thirty, forty, and then fifty. It emphasizes his speed and power, specifying that he should come with well-trained horses. The invitation culminates with sixty or seventy horses, all for the purpose of drinking the Soma juice.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ विंशत्या त्रिंशता याहि अर्वाङ ā́ viṃśatyā́ triṃśátā yāhi arvā́ṅ (11 syllables)
- B. आ चत्वारिंशता हरिभिर् युजानः ā́ catvāriṃśátā háribhiḥ yujānáḥ (12 syllables)
- C. आ पञ्चाशता सुरथेभिरिन्द्रा इन्द्रा ā́ pañcāśátā suráthebhiḥ indra (11 syllables)
- D. आ षष्ट्या सप्तत्या सोमपेयम ā́ ṣaṣṭyā́ saptatyā́ somapéyam (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
विंशत्या (viṃśatyā́)
with twenty
त्रिंशता (triṃśátā)
with thirty
याहि (yāhi)
come
अर्वाङ (arvā́ṅ)
downward/towards us
आ (ā́)
hither
चत्वारिंशता (catvāriṃśátā)
with forty
हरिभिर् (háribhiḥ)
horses
युजानः (yujānáḥ)
yoked
आ (ā́)
hither
पञ्चाशता (pañcāśátā)
with fifty
सुरथेभिरिन्द्रा (suráthebhiḥ)
with fine chariots/horses
इन्द्रा (indra)
Indra
आ (ā́)
hither
षष्ट्या (ṣaṣṭyā́)
with sixty
सप्तत्या (saptatyā́)
with seventy
सोमपेयम (somapéyam)
Soma-drink
Stanza 2.18.6
आशी॒त्या न॑व॒त्या या॑ह्य॒र्वाङा श॒तेन॒ हरि॑भिरु॒ह्यमा॑नः | अ॒यं हि ते॑ शु॒नहो॑त्रेषु॒ सोम॒ इन्द्र॑ त्वा॒या परि॑षिक्तो॒ मदा॑य ||
ā́śītyā́ navatyā́ yāhy arvā́ṅ ā́ śaténa háribhir uhyámānaḥ ayáṁ hí te śunáhotreṣu sóma índra tvāyā́ páriṣikto mádāya
Come towards us, carried by eighty, ninety, or a hundred horses! This Soma juice is prepared for you in the Śunahotrâ ritual, Indra, poured out to delight you.
The invitation to Indra continues, now requesting him to come carried by even larger numbers of horses: eighty, ninety, or even a hundred. It highlights that the Soma juice has been prepared and poured out specifically for him in the Śunahotrâ priests' ritual space. This offering is presented with affection, intended to bring him joy.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ आशीत्या नवत्या याहि अर्वाङ ā́ aśītyā́ navatyā́ yāhi arvā́ṅ (11 syllables)
- B. आ शतेन हरिभिः उह्यमानः ā́ śaténa háribhiḥ uhyámānaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अय हि ते शु | नहोत्रे॑षु सोम ayám hí te śunáhotreṣu sómaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र त्वाया परिषिक्तो मद§ índra tvāyā́ páriṣiktaḥ mádāya (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
आशीत्या (aśītyā́)
with eighty
नवत्या (navatyā́)
with ninety
याहि (yāhi)
come
अर्वाङ (arvā́ṅ)
downward/towards us
आ (ā́)
hither
शतेन (śaténa)
with a hundred
हरिभिः (háribhiḥ)
horses
उह्यमानः (uhyámānaḥ)
being carried
अय (ayám)
this
हि (hí)
indeed
ते (te)
for you
शु | नहोत्रे॑षु (śunáhotreṣu)
among the Śunahotrâ priests
सोम (sómaḥ)
Soma juice
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
त्वाया (tvāyā́)
for your sake
परिषिक्तो (páriṣiktaḥ)
poured out
मद§ (mádāya)
for delight/joy
Stanza 2.18.7
मम॒ ब्रह्मे॑न्द्र या॒ह्यच्छा॒ विश्वा॒ हरी॑ धु॒रि धि॑ष्वा॒ रथ॑स्य | पु॒रु॒त्रा हि वि॒हव्यो॑ ब॒भूथा॒स्मिञ्छू॑र॒ सव॑ने मादयस्व ||
máma bráhmendra yāhy áchā víśvā hárī dhurí dhiṣvā ráthasya purutrā́ hí vihávyo babhū́thāsmíñ chūra sávane mādayasva
Indra, come quickly to my prayer! Harness both bay horses to the chariot's pole. You are invoked in many places, hero! Rejoice in this offering!
The poet implores Indra to come quickly to their prayer, urging him to harness both bay horses to the chariot's pole. They acknowledge that Indra is often invoked in many places and is widely known. The verse concludes with a powerful request for Indra, the hero, to rejoice and be exhilarated in this specific Soma offering.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मम ब्रह्मे इन्द्र याहि अच्छा máma bráhma indra yāhi ácha + (11 syllables)
- B. विश्वा हरी धुरि धिष्वा रथस्य víśvā hárī dhurí dhiṣva + ráthasya (11 syllables)
- C. पुरुत्रा हि विहव्यो बभूथा purutrā́ hí vihávyaḥ babhū́tha (11 syllables)
- D. अस्मिञ शूर सवने मादयस्व asmín śūra sávane mādayasva (11 syllables)
मम (máma)
my
ब्रह्मे (bráhma)
prayer/hymn
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
याहि (yāhi)
come
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
हरी (hárī)
bay horses
धुरि (dhurí)
on the pole
धिष्वा (dhiṣva +)
place/harness
रथस्य (ráthasya)
of the chariot
पुरुत्रा (purutrā́)
in many places
हि (hí)
indeed
विहव्यो (vihávyaḥ)
invocable
बभूथा (babhū́tha)
you have become
अस्मिञ (asmín)
in this
शूर (śūra)
hero
सवने (sávane)
in the libation/offering
मादयस्व (mādayasva)
rejoice
Stanza 2.18.8
न म॒ इन्द्रे॑ण स॒ख्यं वि यो॑षद॒स्मभ्य॑मस्य॒ दक्षि॑णा दुहीत | उप॒ ज्येष्ठे॒ वरू॑थे॒ गभ॑स्तौ प्रा॒येप्रा॑ये जिगी॒वांसः॑ स्याम ||
ná ma índreṇa sakhyáṁ ví yoṣad asmábhyam asya dákṣiṇā duhīta úpa jyéṣṭhe várūthe gábhastau prāyé-prāye jigīvā́ṁsaḥ syāma
May my friendship with Indra never be broken! May his generous bounty always yield for us. Under his greatest protection, may we always succeed in every undertaking.
This verse expresses a strong desire for an unbreakable bond with Indra, praying that their friendship never breaks. It also wishes for Indra's 'Dakshina' (a concept often related to generosity, wealth, or divine power, here perhaps a divine 'cow' that yields blessings) to yield bounty for them. The prayer concludes with a wish for supreme protection and success in all endeavors.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. न म इन्द्रेण सख्यं वि योषद ná me índreṇa sakhyám ví yoṣat (11 syllables)
- B. अस्मभ्यं अस्य दक्षिणा दुहीत asmábhyam asya dákṣiṇā duhīta (11 syllables)
- C. उप ज्येष्ठे वरूथे गभस्तौ úpa jyéṣṭhe várūthe gábhastau (11 syllables)
- D. प्राये | प्राये जिगीवांसः स्याम prāyé-prāye jigīvā́ṃsaḥ syāma (11 syllables)
न (ná)
not
म (me)
my
इन्द्रेण (índreṇa)
with Indra
सख्यं (sakhyám)
friendship
वि (ví)
apart/away
योषद (yoṣat)
may it separate
अस्मभ्यं (asmábhyam)
for us
अस्य (asya)
his
दक्षिणा (dákṣiṇā)
bounty/generosity
दुहीत (duhīta)
may it yield/milk
उप (úpa)
under/near
ज्येष्ठे (jyéṣṭhe)
greatest
वरूथे (várūthe)
protection/shelter
गभस्तौ (gábhastau)
in grasp/arms
प्राये | प्राये (prāyé-prāye)
in each forward movement
जिगीवांसः (jigīvā́ṃsaḥ)
desiring to conquer/victorious
स्याम (syāma)
may we be
Stanza 2.18.9
नू॒नं सा ते॒ प्रति॒ वरं॑ जरि॒त्रे दु॑ही॒यदि॑न्द्र॒ दक्षि॑णा म॒घोनी॑ | शिक्षा॑ स्तो॒तृभ्यो॒ माति॑ ध॒ग्भगो॑ नो बृ॒हद्व॑देम वि॒दथे॑ सु॒वीराः॑ ||
nūnáṁ sā́ te práti váraṁ jaritré duhīyád indra dákṣiṇā maghónī śíkṣā stotŕ̥bhyo mā́ti dhag bhágo no br̥hád vadema vidáthe suvī́rāḥ
Now, may that powerful bounty of yours, Indra, yield a boon for your worshipper! Instruct the singers, don't let fortune deceive us. May we speak grandly with heroes in the assembly.
The hymn concludes with a hopeful plea for Indra's generous power ('Dakshina') to bestow blessings upon the worshipper in return for their praise. It asks Indra to instruct or grant success to the singers and warns against any misfortune or deceit. The ultimate aspiration is to speak with great authority and confidence, surrounded by heroes, in the assembly.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नू॒नं सा ते प्रति वरं जरित्रे nūnám sā́ te práti váram jaritré (11 syllables)
- B. दुहीयदिन्द्र इन्द्र दक्षिणा मघोनी duhīyát indra dákṣiṇā maghónī (11 syllables)
- C. शिक्षा स्तोतृभ्यो मा अति धग् भगो नो śíkṣa + stotŕ̥bhyaḥ mā́ áti dhak bhágaḥ naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. बृ॒ह वदेम विदथे सुवीराः br̥hát vadema vidáthe suvī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
नू॒नं (nūnám)
now/truly
सा (sā́)
that
ते (te)
your
प्रति (práti)
in return
वरं (váram)
boon/favor
जरित्रे (jaritré)
for the praiser/singer
दुहीयदिन्द्र (duhīyát)
may it yield
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
दक्षिणा (dákṣiṇā)
bounty/generosity
मघोनी (maghónī)
wealthy/powerful
शिक्षा (śíkṣa +)
grant/instruct
स्तोतृभ्यो (stotŕ̥bhyaḥ)
to the singers/praisers
मा (mā́)
not
अति (áti)
beyond/away
धग् (dhak)
may it deceive
भगो (bhágaḥ)
fortune/share
नो (naḥ)
us
बृ॒ह (br̥hát)
great/loud
वदेम (vadema)
may we speak
विदथे (vidáthe)
in the assembly
सुवीराः (suvī́rāḥ)
with heroes