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Stanza 10.3.1
इ॒नो रा॑जन्नर॒तिः समि॑द्धो॒ रौद्रो॒ दक्षा॑य सुषु॒माँ अ॑दर्शि | चि॒किद्वि भा॑ति भा॒सा बृ॑ह॒तासि॑क्नीमेति॒ रुश॑तीम॒पाज॑न् ||
inó rājann aratíḥ sámiddho raúdro dákṣāya suṣumā́m̐ adarśi cikíd ví bhāti bhāsā́ br̥hatā́siknīm eti rúśatīm apā́jan
O King, the powerful and divine messenger, ignited with strength, has appeared beautifully. Knowing all, he shines with great radiance. Dispelling the darkness, he advances with shining rays.
This hymn addresses a king, referring to a divine envoy or messenger who is powerful, radiant, and ablaze with energy. This messenger, sent for strength and prosperity, is seen as all-knowing and shines brilliantly. The stanza depicts the messenger chasing away the darkness of night and ushering in the dawn with its bright rays, symbolizing the arrival of light and a new beginning.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इ॒नः राजन् अरतिः समिद्धः ináḥ rājan aratíḥ sámiddhaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. रौद्रः दक्षाय सुषुमाँ अदर्शि raúdraḥ dákṣāya suṣumā́n adarśi (11 syllables)
- C. चिकित् वि भाति भासा बृhasta cikít ví bhāti bhāsā́ br̥hatā́ (11 syllables)
- D. आसिक्नीम् एति रुशतीम् अपTजन ásiknīm eti rúśatīm apā́jan (11 syllables)
इ॒नः (ináḥ)
powerful
राजन् (rājan)
O King
अरतिः (aratíḥ)
messenger, envoy
समिद्धः (sámiddhaḥ)
kindled, ignited
रौद्रः (raúdraḥ)
terrific, mighty
दक्षाय (dákṣāya)
for strength, for power
सुषुमाँ (suṣumā́n)
beautiful, full of beauty
अदर्शि (adarśi)
was seen, appeared
चिकित् (cikít)
all-knowing, wise
वि (ví)
away, apart
भाति (bhāti)
shines, illuminates
भासा (bhāsā́)
splendour, radiance
बृhasta (br̥hatā́)
great, vast
आसिक्नीम् (ásiknīm)
black (referring to night)
एति (eti)
comes, advances
रुशतीम् (rúśatīm)
shining, bright
अपTजन (apā́jan)
driving away, dispelling
Stanza 10.3.2
कृ॒ष्णां यदेनी॑म॒भि वर्प॑सा॒ भूज्ज॒नय॒न्योषां॑ बृह॒तः पि॒तुर्जाम् | ऊ॒र्ध्वं भा॒नुं सूर्य॑स्य स्तभा॒यन्दि॒वो वसु॑भिरर॒तिर्वि भा॑ति ||
kr̥ṣṇā́ṁ yád énīm abhí várpasā bhū́j janáyan yóṣām br̥hatáḥ pitúr jā́m ūrdhvám bhānúṁ sū́ryasya stabhāyán divó vásubhir aratír ví bhāti
Having overcome the dark and glimmering (night) with its beauty, and bringing forth the Dawn, the daughter of the great Father, it holds up the sun's radiant light. As a heavenly messenger, it shines with divine riches.
This stanza continues the description of the divine messenger, personifying it as a being that overcomes the darkness (referred to as 'black' and 'glimmering') with its radiance. It is described as giving birth to the dawn, the 'daughter' of the great Father (likely the sky or a supreme deity). The messenger is depicted as holding up the sun's brilliant light, functioning as a heavenly messenger adorned with celestial treasures.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. कृष्णां यत् एनीम् अभि वर्पसा भूत् kr̥ṣṇā́m yát énīm abhí várpasā bhū́t (11 syllables)
- B. जनयन् योषां बृहतः पितुः जाम् janáyan yóṣām br̥hatáḥ pitúḥ jā́m (11 syllables)
- C. ऊर्ध्वं भानुं सूर्यस्य स्तभायन् ūrdhvám bhānúm sū́ryasya stabhāyán (11 syllables)
- D. दिवः वसुभिः अरतिः वि भाति diváḥ vásubhiḥ aratíḥ ví bhāti (11 syllables)
कृष्णां (kr̥ṣṇā́m)
black, dark
यत् (yát)
which, that
एनीम् (énīm)
glimmering, moving
अभि (abhí)
over, upon
वर्पसा (várpasā)
with beauty, with radiance
भूत् (bhū́t)
having become, having overcome
जनयन् (janáyan)
generating, bringing forth
योषां (yóṣām)
daughter, young woman
बृहतः (br̥hatáḥ)
great, large
पितुः (pitúḥ)
of the father
जाम् (jā́m)
daughter
ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvám)
upwards, aloft
भानुं (bhānúm)
radiant light, brilliance
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
स्तभायन् (stabhāyán)
supporting, upholding
दिवः (diváḥ)
of heaven
वसुभिः (vásubhiḥ)
with treasures, with wealth
अरतिः (aratíḥ)
messenger, envoy
वि (ví)
brightly, conspicuously
भाति (bhāti)
shines, appears
Stanza 10.3.3
भ॒द्रो भ॒द्रया॒ सच॑मान॒ आगा॒त्स्वसा॑रं जा॒रो अ॒भ्ये॑ति प॒श्चात् | सु॒प्र॒के॒तैर्द्युभि॑र॒ग्निर्वि॒तिष्ठ॒न्रुश॑द्भि॒र्वर्णै॑र॒भि रा॒मम॑स्थात् ||
bhadró bhadráyā sácamāna ā́gāt svásāraṁ jāró abhy èti paścā́t supraketaír dyúbhir agnír vitíṣṭhan rúśadbhir várṇair abhí rāmám asthāt
The auspicious one, accompanying the auspicious lady, has arrived. The lover follows his sister. Agni, spreading far with bright lights, has surrounded the night with shining colors.
This stanza describes a 'Blessed One' (likely the dawn or a divine entity) arriving, accompanied by a 'Blessed Dame' (perhaps the sky or a goddess). A 'Lover' (possibly the sun or a male deity) follows his 'Sister' (the dawn). Agni, the fire god, is depicted as spreading out with conspicuous brilliance, his shining, colorful appearance enveloping the night, signifying the transition from night to day with the presence of light and heat.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. भद्रः भद्रया सचमानः आ आगात् bhadráḥ bhadráyā sácamānaḥ ā́ agāt (11 syllables)
- B. स्वासारं जारः अभि एति पश्चात् svásāram jāráḥ abhí eti paścā́t (11 syllables)
- C. सुप्रकैतैः द्युभः अग्निः वितिष्ठन् supraketaíḥ dyúbhiḥ agníḥ vitíṣṭhan (11 syllables)
- D. रुशद्भिः वर्णैः अभि रामम् अस्थात् rúśadbhiḥ várṇaiḥ abhí rāmám asthāt (11 syllables)
भद्रः (bhadráḥ)
auspicious, blessed
भद्रया (bhadráyā)
with the auspicious one (fem.)
सचमानः (sácamānaḥ)
following, accompanying
आ (ā́)
towards
आगात् (agāt)
has come
स्वासारं (svásāram)
sister (acc.)
जारः (jāráḥ)
lover, admirer
अभि (abhí)
around, upon
एति (eti)
comes, approaches
पश्चात् (paścā́t)
behind, afterwards
सुप्रकैतैः (supraketaíḥ)
with conspicuous lights, clearly visible
द्युभः (dyúbhiḥ)
with lights, with days
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
वितिष्ठन् (vitíṣṭhan)
spreading out, extending
रुशद्भिः (rúśadbhiḥ)
shining, bright
वर्णैः (várṇaiḥ)
with colors, with forms
अभि (abhí)
around, upon
रामम् (rāmám)
night (poetic term, related to darkness)
अस्थात् (asthāt)
stood, established himself
Stanza 10.3.4
अ॒स्य यामा॑सो बृह॒तो न व॒ग्नूनिन्धा॑ना अ॒ग्नेः सख्युः॑ शि॒वस्य॑ | ईड्य॑स्य॒ वृष्णो॑ बृह॒तः स्वासो॒ भामा॑सो॒ याम॑न्न॒क्तव॑श्चिकित्रे ||
asyá yā́māso br̥ható ná vagnū́n índhānā agnéḥ sákhyuḥ śivásya ī́ḍyasya vŕ̥ṣṇo br̥hatáḥ svā́so bhā́māso yā́mann aktávaś cikitre
His great movements, like sounds, ignite like voices for the adorable friend of Agni. The bright energies of the mighty one are visible as he moves.
This stanza describes the powerful movements and radiant energies ('goings-forth') of Agni, who is presented as the 'friend' of a benevolent and adorable divine being. These energies are likened to voices or flames that ignite. The stanza also refers to the bright beams or rays of this mighty, strong entity, which are visible as it moves, suggesting its powerful presence and illumination.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अस्य यामासः बृहतः न वग्नून् asyá yā́māsaḥ br̥hatáḥ ná vagnū́n (11 syllables)
- B. इन्धानाः अग्नेः सख्युः शिवस्य índhānāḥ agnéḥ sákhyuḥ śivásya (11 syllables)
- C. ईड्यस्य वृष्णो बृहतः स्वाश ī́ḍyasya vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ br̥hatáḥ svā́saḥ (11 syllables)
- D. भामासः यामन अक्तवः चिकित्रे bhā́māsaḥ yā́man aktávaḥ cikitre (11 syllables)
अस्य (asyá)
his
यामासः (yā́māsaḥ)
goings-forth, movements
बृहतः (br̥hatáḥ)
great, vast
न (ná)
like, as if
वग्नून् (vagnū́n)
voices, sounds
इन्धानाः (índhānāḥ)
igniting, kindling
अग्नेः (agnéḥ)
of Agni
सख्युः (sákhyuḥ)
of the friend
शिवस्य (śivásya)
of the auspicious, benevolent
ईड्यस्य (ī́ḍyasya)
adorable, worthy of praise
वृष्णो (vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ)
strong, powerful
बृहतः (br̥hatáḥ)
great, vast
स्वाश (svā́saḥ)
bright, shining
भामासः (bhā́māsaḥ)
splendours, rays
यामन (yā́man)
in the movement, in the course
अक्तवः (aktávaḥ)
beams, rays
चिकित्रे (cikitre)
is perceived, is seen
Stanza 10.3.5
स्व॒ना न यस्य॒ भामा॑सः॒ पव॑न्ते॒ रोच॑मानस्य बृह॒तः सु॒दिवः॑ | ज्येष्ठे॑भि॒र्यस्तेजि॑ष्ठैः क्रीळु॒मद्भि॒र्वर्षि॑ष्ठेभिर्भा॒नुभि॒र्नक्ष॑ति॒ द्याम् ||
svanā́ ná yásya bhā́māsaḥ pávante rócamānasya br̥hatáḥ sudívaḥ jyéṣṭhebhir yás téjiṣṭhaiḥ krīḷumádbhir várṣiṣṭhebhir bhānúbhir nákṣati dyā́m
His splendours flow around like sounds, for him who is brilliant and lofty. He reaches heaven with the best and sharpest lights, playful and powerful.
This stanza speaks of the radiant splendours of a divine being, comparing them to sounds that flow around. This being is described as lofty, brilliant, and effulgent, reaching the highest heavens with its superior, sharpest, and most piercing rays and beams. It is portrayed as playful and reaching even to the highest points, embodying immense power and brilliance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स्वनाः न यस्य भामासः पवन्ते svanā́ḥ ná yásya bhā́māsaḥ pávante (11 syllables)
- B. रोचमानस्य बृहतः सुदिवः rócamānasya br̥hatáḥ sudívaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. ज्येष्ठेभिः यः तेजिष्ठैः क्रीळुमद्भिः jyéṣṭhebhiḥ yáḥ téjiṣṭhaiḥ krīḷumádbhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. वर्षिष्ठेभिः भानुभिः नक्षति द्याम् várṣiṣṭhebhiḥ bhānúbhiḥ nákṣati dyā́m (11 syllables)
स्वनाः (svanā́ḥ)
sounds, noises
न (ná)
like, as
यस्य (yásya)
whose
भामासः (bhā́māsaḥ)
splendours, rays
पवन्ते (pávante)
flow, pervade
रोचमानस्य (rócamānasya)
shining, radiant
बृहतः (br̥hatáḥ)
great, lofty
सुदिवः (sudívaḥ)
brilliant, shining
ज्येष्ठेभिः (jyéṣṭhebhiḥ)
best, highest
यः (yáḥ)
who, which
तेजिष्ठैः (téjiṣṭhaiḥ)
sharpest, keenest
क्रीळुमद्भिः (krīḷumádbhiḥ)
playful, sportive
वर्षिष्ठेभिः (várṣiṣṭhebhiḥ)
most piercing, strongest
भानुभिः (bhānúbhiḥ)
with lights, with splendours
नक्षति (nákṣati)
reaches, attains
द्याम् (dyā́m)
heaven, sky
Stanza 10.3.6
अ॒स्य शुष्मा॑सो ददृशा॒नप॑वे॒र्जेह॑मानस्य स्वनयन्नि॒युद्भिः॑ | प्र॒त्नेभि॒र्यो रुश॑द्भिर्दे॒वत॑मो॒ वि रेभ॑द्भिरर॒तिर्भाति॒ विभ्वा॑ ||
asyá śúṣmāso dadr̥śānápaver jéhamānasya svanayan niyúdbhiḥ pratnébhir yó rúśadbhir devátamo ví rébhadbhir aratír bhā́ti víbhvā
His powers and chariot wheels gleam and move, loudly roaring. The most divine, widespread envoy shines with ancient, bright, and resonant flames.
This stanza describes the powerful energies and moving chariot of a divine being, possibly Agni, which produce a loud sound like roaring. This being, characterized as the most divine and wide-spreading, moves with ancient, bright, and resonant flames, signifying its powerful and awe-inspiring presence that illuminates everything.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अस्य शुष्मासः ददृशानपवेः asyá śúṣmāsaḥ dadr̥śānápaveḥ (11 syllables)
- B. जेहमानस्य स्वनयन् नियुद्भिः jéhamānasya svanayan niyúdbhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. प्रत्नेभिः यः रुशद्भिः देवतमः pratnébhiḥ yáḥ rúśadbhiḥ devátamaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. वि रेभद्भिः अरतिः भाति विभ्वा ví rébhadbhiḥ aratíḥ bhā́ti víbhvā (11 syllables)
अस्य (asyá)
his
शुष्मासः (śúṣmāsaḥ)
powers, strengths
ददृशानपवेः (dadr̥śānápaveḥ)
whose wheel-rims are visible
जेहमानस्य (jéhamānasya)
moving, hastening
स्वनयन् (svanayan)
making sound, roaring
नियुद्भिः (niyúdbhiḥ)
with teams (of horses), with reins
प्रत्नेभिः (pratnébhiḥ)
ancient, primeval
यः (yáḥ)
who, which
रुशद्भिः (rúśadbhiḥ)
shining, bright
देवतमः (devátamaḥ)
most divine
वि (ví)
apart, widely
रेभद्भिः (rébhadbhiḥ)
sounding, resonant
अरतिः (aratíḥ)
messenger, envoy
भाति (bhā́ti)
shines, appears
विभ्वा (víbhvā)
wide-spreading, extensive
Stanza 10.3.7
स आ व॑क्षि॒ महि॑ न॒ आ च॑ सत्सि दि॒वस्पृ॑थि॒व्योर॑र॒तिर्यु॑व॒त्योः | अ॒ग्निः सु॒तुकः॑ सु॒तुके॑भि॒रश्वै॒ रभ॑स्वद्भी॒ रभ॑स्वाँ॒ एह ग॑म्याः ||
sá ā́ vakṣi máhi na ā́ ca satsi diváspr̥thivyór aratír yuvatyóḥ agníḥ sutúkaḥ sutúkebhir áśvai rábhasvadbhī rábhasvām̐ éhá gamyāḥ
May he bring us great wealth and sit with us. As an envoy of the youthful Heaven and Earth, may Agni, swift with his swift horses and forceful steeds, come here.
This stanza is a prayer or invocation, asking a divine entity (likely Agni or a messenger) to bring abundant wealth and to sit among the people. It personifies Heaven and Earth as youthful 'Matrons' with whom the envoy should associate. The prayer specifically invokes Agni, asking him to come swiftly with his rapid horses and impetuous steeds, emphasizing his power and speed in bringing blessings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. सः आ वक्षि महि नः आ च सत्सि sáḥ ā́ vakṣi máhi naḥ ā́ ca satsi (11 syllables)
- B. दिवस्पृथिव्योर अरतिः युवत्योः diváspr̥thivyóḥ aratíḥ yuvatyóḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अग्निः सुदुकः सुटुकेभिः अश्वैः agníḥ sutúkaḥ sutúkebhiḥ áśvaiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. रभस्वद्भीः रभस्वाँ आ एह गम्याः rábhasvadbhiḥ rábhasvān ā́ ihá gamyāḥ (11 syllables)
सः (sáḥ)
he, that one
आ (ā́)
hither
वक्षि (vakṣi)
bring, carry
महि (máhi)
great, abundant
नः (naḥ)
to us
आ (ā́)
hither
च (ca)
and
सत्सि (satsi)
sit, be seated
दिवस्पृथिव्योर (diváspr̥thivyóḥ)
of Heaven and Earth
अरतिः (aratíḥ)
envoy, messenger
युवत्योः (yuvatyóḥ)
of the youthful (fem. dual)
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
सुदुकः (sutúkaḥ)
swift, quick
सुटुकेभिः (sutúkebhiḥ)
with the swift ones
अश्वैः (áśvaiḥ)
with horses
रभस्वद्भीः (rábhasvadbhiḥ)
with forceful ones, with powerful ones
रभस्वाँ (rábhasvān)
forceful, powerful
आ (ā́)
hither
एह (ihá)
here
गम्याः (gamyāḥ)
may come