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Stanza 10.13.1
यु॒जे वां॒ ब्रह्म॑ पू॒र्व्यं नमो॑भि॒र्वि श्लोक॑ एतु प॒थ्ये॑व सू॒रेः | शृ॒ण्वन्तु॒ विश्वे॑ अ॒मृत॑स्य पु॒त्रा आ ये धामा॑नि दि॒व्यानि॑ त॒स्थुः ||
yujé vām bráhma pūrvyáṁ námobhir ví ślóka etu pathyèva sūréḥ śr̥ṇvántu víśve amŕ̥tasya putrā́ ā́ yé dhā́māni divyā́ni tasthúḥ
I harness for you, with offerings, the ancient prayer. May this hymn reach you like a clear path for the sun. May all children of immortality hear, all who have attained the celestial abodes.
The hymn begins with the invocation of the divine twin Ashvins, to whom the poet dedicates his ancient praise and prayers. The intention is for this hymn to reach them, flowing smoothly like a path for the sun. It is stated that all children of immortality and those who reside in celestial realms will hear this praise.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. युजे वां ब्रह्म पूर्व्यं नमोभिः yujé vām bráhma pūrvyám námobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. वि श्लोक एतु पथ्ये इव सूरेः ví ślókaḥ etu pathyā̀ iva sūréḥ (11 syllables)
- C. शृण्वन्तु विश्वे अमृतस्य पुत्राः śr̥ṇvántu víśve amŕ̥tasya putrā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आ ये धामानि दिव्यानि तस्थुः ā́ yé dhā́māni divyā́ni tasthúḥ (11 syllables)
युजे (yujé)
I yoke, I join, I harness
वां (vām)
to you two
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
prayer, hymn, divine word
पूर्व्यं (pūrvyám)
ancient, first
नमोभिः (námobhiḥ)
with salutations, with worship
वि (ví)
apart, asunder (often used as an intensifier or to indicate distribution)
श्लोक (ślókaḥ)
verse, stanza, praise
एतु (etu)
may it go, may it reach
पथ्ये (pathyā̀)
on the path
इव (iva)
like, as
सूरेः (sūréḥ)
of the sun
शृण्वन्तु (śr̥ṇvántu)
may they hear
विश्वे (víśve)
all
अमृतस्य (amŕ̥tasya)
of immortality
पुत्राः (putrā́ḥ)
sons
आ (ā́)
towards, to
ये (yé)
who
धामानि (dhā́māni)
abodes, realms
दिव्यानि (divyā́ni)
celestial, divine
तस्थुः (tasthúḥ)
they stand, they reside, they have attained
Stanza 10.13.2
य॒मे इ॑व॒ यत॑माने॒ यदैतं॒ प्र वां॑ भर॒न्मानु॑षा देव॒यन्तः॑ | आ सी॑दतं॒ स्वमु॑ लो॒कं विदा॑ने स्वास॒स्थे भ॑वत॒मिन्द॑वे नः ||
yamé iva yátamāne yád aítam prá vām bharan mā́nuṣā devayántaḥ ā́ sīdataṁ svám ulokáṁ vídāne svāsasthé bhavatam índave naḥ
Like twin sisters, you two, who are striving, arrived. When the human worshippers of the gods brought you two forward. Sit down in your own place, you who know it. Be near, be very near to our Soma.
The hymn addresses the twin Ashvins, comparing their arrival to that of two identical sisters. It describes how devotees, eager to worship the divine, have brought them forward. The poet then invites the Ashvins to take their rightful place, the one they know, and to be near the Soma, which represents the divine essence or libation offered.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यमे इव यतमाने यत् एतम् yamé iva yátamāne yát aítam (11 syllables)
- B. प्र वां भरन् मानुषाः देवयन्तः prá vām bharan mā́nuṣāḥ devayántaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. आ सीदतं स्वमु लोकं विद ā́ sīdatam svám ulokám vídāne (11 syllables)
- D. स्वास्स्थे भवतम इन्दवे नः svāsasthé bhavatam índave naḥ (11 syllables)
यमे (yamé)
twin
इव (iva)
like, as
यतमाने (yátamāne)
striving, exerting themselves
यत् (yát)
what, which
एतम् (aítam)
you two came
प्र (prá)
forward
वां (vām)
you two
भरन् (bharan)
they bring
मानुषाः (mā́nuṣāḥ)
humans
देवयन्तः (devayántaḥ)
worshipping the gods, devoted to the gods
आ (ā́)
to, toward
सीदतं (sīdatam)
sit down, settle
स्वमु (svám)
own
लोकं (ulokám)
place, realm
विद (vídāne)
knowing
स्वास्स्थे (svāsasthé)
in your own proper place
भवतम (bhavatam)
be
इन्दवे (índave)
for the Soma
नः (naḥ)
for us
Stanza 10.13.3
पञ्च॑ प॒दानि॑ रु॒पो अन्व॑रोहं॒ चतु॑ष्पदी॒मन्वे॑मि व्र॒तेन॑ | अ॒क्षरे॑ण॒ प्रति॑ मिम ए॒तामृ॒तस्य॒ नाभा॒वधि॒ सं पु॑नामि ||
páñca padā́ni rupó ánv arohaṁ cátuṣpadīm ánv emi vraténa akṣáreṇa práti mima etā́m r̥tásya nā́bhāv ádhi sám punāmi
I have ascended five steps from the earth's form. I follow the four-footed one (Earth?) with devotion and the imperishable principle. I measure this with the sacred syllable. I purify in the navel of Rta (cosmic order).
The speaker describes a progression or ascent, having moved five steps (likely representing stages of understanding or spiritual progress) from the earth. They are now following something with four 'feet' (possibly a metaphor for a foundational principle or a chariot) with a ritualistic devotion and an unerring principle or syllable. This they measure and purify at the center of cosmic order (Rta).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. पञ्च पदानि रूपो अन्वे अरोहं páñca padā́ni rupáḥ ánu aroham (11 syllables)
- B. चतुष्पदीम अन्वे एमि व्रतेन cátuṣpadīm ánu emi vraténa (11 syllables)
- C. अक्षरेण प्रति मिमे एताम् akṣáreṇa práti mime etā́m (11 syllables)
- D. ऋतस्य नाभौ अधि सं पुनामि r̥tásya nā́bhau ádhi sám punāmi (11 syllables)
पञ्च (páñca)
five
पदानि (padā́ni)
steps, paces
रूपो (rupáḥ)
form, appearance
अन्वे (ánu)
following
अरोहं (aroham)
I ascended
चतुष्पदीम (cátuṣpadīm)
the four-footed
अन्वे (ánu)
following
एमि (emi)
I go, I follow
व्रतेन (vraténa)
with vow, with observance
अक्षरेण (akṣáreṇa)
with the imperishable syllable
प्रति (práti)
towards, precisely
मिमे (mime)
I measure
एताम् (etā́m)
this
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of cosmic order
नाभौ (nā́bhau)
in the navel, in the center
अधि (ádhi)
upon, in
सं (sám)
together, completely
पुनामि (punāmi)
I purify
Stanza 10.13.4
दे॒वेभ्यः॒ कम॑वृणीत मृ॒त्युं प्र॒जायै॒ कम॒मृतं॒ नावृ॑णीत | बृह॒स्पतिं॑ य॒ज्ञम॑कृण्वत॒ ऋषिं॑ प्रि॒यां य॒मस्त॒न्वं१॒॑ प्रारि॑रेचीत् ||
devébhyaḥ kám avr̥ṇīta mr̥tyúm prajā́yai kám amŕ̥taṁ nā́vr̥ṇīta bŕ̥haspátiṁ yajñám akr̥ṇvata ŕ̥ṣim priyā́ṁ yamás tanvàm prā́rirecīt
For the gods, he chose death. For the sake of offspring, he did not choose immortality. They made Brihaspati, the wise one, into a sacrifice. Yama delivered up his own beloved body.
This verse contemplates choices made by deities. It questions whether, for the sake of the gods, death was chosen over something else. Similarly, for the sake of humanity, immortality was not chosen. Brihaspati, the lord of prayer, was made into a sacrifice, and Yama, the god of death, gave up his own beloved form.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. देवेभ्यः कम अवृणीत मृत्युं devébhyaḥ kám avr̥ṇīta mr̥tyúm (11 syllables)
- B. प्रजायै कम अमृतं ना अवृणीत prajā́yai kám amŕ̥tam ná avr̥ṇīta (11 syllables)
- C. बृहस्पतिं यज्ञम अकृण्वत ऋषिं bŕ̥haspátim yajñám akr̥ṇvata ŕ̥ṣim (12 syllables)
- D. प्रियां यमस्त तन्वं प्र आरिरेचीत् priyā́m yamáḥ tanvàm prá arirecīt (11 syllables)
देवेभ्यः (devébhyaḥ)
for the gods
कम (kám)
something, what
अवृणीत (avr̥ṇīta)
he did not choose
मृत्युं (mr̥tyúm)
death
प्रजायै (prajā́yai)
for offspring, for progeny
कम (kám)
something, what
अमृतं (amŕ̥tam)
immortality
ना (ná)
not
अवृणीत (avr̥ṇīta)
he did not choose
बृहस्पतिं (bŕ̥haspátim)
Brihaspati (lord of prayer)
यज्ञम (yajñám)
sacrifice
अकृण्वत (akr̥ṇvata)
they made
ऋषिं (ŕ̥ṣim)
seer, sage
प्रियां (priyā́m)
beloved
यमस्त (yamáḥ)
Yama (god of death)
तन्वं (tanvàm)
body, self
प्र (prá)
forth, out
आरिरेचीत् (arirecīt)
he gave up, he relinquished
Stanza 10.13.5
स॒प्त क्ष॑रन्ति॒ शिश॑वे म॒रुत्व॑ते पि॒त्रे पु॒त्रासो॒ अप्य॑वीवतन्नृ॒तम् | उ॒भे इद॑स्यो॒भय॑स्य राजत उ॒भे य॑तेते उ॒भय॑स्य पुष्यतः ||
saptá kṣaranti śíśave marútvate pitré putrā́so ápy avīvatann r̥tám ubhé íd asyobháyasya rājata ubhé yatete ubháyasya puṣyataḥ
The seven flow to the youthful one, attended by the Maruts. The sons brought the order (Rta) to the father. Both aspects of the dual reign. Both toil, prospering the dual entity.
The stanza describes seven entities flowing towards a divine 'child' (possibly a deity in a youthful form) who is attended by the Maruts. The sons (likely referring to the Maruts or other divine beings) brought the cosmic order (Rta) to the father (possibly a supreme deity). Both aspects (the seven and the two lords) govern and prosper within this dual reality.
Meter: Jagati
- A. सप्त क्षरन्ति शिशवे मरुत्वते saptá kṣaranti śíśave marútvate (12 syllables)
- B. पित्रे पुत्रासो अप्य अप्यवीवतन नृुतम् pitré putrā́saḥ ápi avīvatan r̥tám (12 syllables)
- C. उभे इद अस्य उभयस्य राजत ubhé ít asya ubháyasya rājataḥ (12 syllables)
- D. उभे यतेते उभयस्य पुष्यतः ubhé yatete ubháyasya puṣyataḥ (12 syllables)
सप्त (saptá)
seven
क्षरन्ति (kṣaranti)
they flow
शिशवे (śíśave)
to the child
मरुत्वते (marútvate)
attended by the Maruts
पित्रे (pitré)
to the father
पुत्रासो (putrā́saḥ)
sons
अप्य (ápi)
indeed, also
अप्यवीवतन (avīvatan)
they brought
नृुतम् (r̥tám)
cosmic order, truth
उभे (ubhé)
both
इद (ít)
indeed, truly
अस्य (asya)
of him, of this
उभयस्य (ubháyasya)
of the dual, of the two
राजत (rājataḥ)
they rule, they are lords
उभे (ubhé)
both
यतेते (yatete)
they strive, they exert themselves
उभयस्य (ubháyasya)
of the dual, of the two
पुष्यतः (puṣyataḥ)
they prosper, they grow strong