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Stanza 10.131.1
अप॒ प्राच॑ इन्द्र॒ विश्वाँ॑ अ॒मित्रा॒नपापा॑चो अभिभूते नुदस्व | अपोदी॑चो॒ अप॑ शूराध॒राच॑ उ॒रौ यथा॒ तव॒ शर्म॒न्मदे॑म ||
ápa prā́ca indra víśvām̐ amítrān ápā́pāco abhibhūte nudasva ápódīco ápa śūrādharā́ca uraú yáthā táva śárman mádema
O Indra, please drive away all enemies, the ones in the east, west, north, and south. O hero, push them away so that we may joyfully live under your wide protection.
Indra is invoked to drive away all enemies, those from the east, west, north, and south. The plea is for protection so that the supplicants can live joyfully under Indra's broad shelter and protection.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अप प्राचः इन्द्र विश्वाँ अमित्रा ápa prā́caḥ indra víśvān amítrān (11 syllables)
- B. अप अपाचः अभिभूते नुदस्व ápa ápācaḥ abhibhūte nudasva (11 syllables)
- C. अप उदीचः अप शूरा अधराचः ápa údīcaḥ ápa śūra adharā́caḥ (11 syllables)
- D. उरौ यथा तव शर्मन् मदेम uraú yáthā táva śárman mádema (11 syllables)
अप (ápa)
away
प्राचः (prā́caḥ)
eastern ones
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (King of Gods)
विश्वाँ (víśvān)
all
अमित्रा (amítrān)
enemies
अप (ápa)
away
अपाचः (ápācaḥ)
western ones
अभिभूते (abhibhūte)
conqueror / mighty one
नुदस्व (nudasva)
drive away / push
अप (ápa)
away
उदीचः (údīcaḥ)
northern ones
अप (ápa)
away
शूरा (śūra)
hero
अधराचः (adharā́caḥ)
southern ones
उरौ (uraú)
wide / broad
यथा (yáthā)
so that / as
तव (táva)
your
शर्मन् (śárman)
protection / shelter
मदेम (mádema)
we may rejoice
Stanza 10.131.2
कु॒विद॒ङ्ग यव॑मन्तो॒ यवं॑ चि॒द्यथा॒ दान्त्य॑नुपू॒र्वं वि॒यूय॑ | इ॒हेहै॑षां कृणुहि॒ भोज॑नानि॒ ये ब॒र्हिषो॒ नमो॑वृक्तिं॒ न ज॒ग्मुः ||
kuvíd aṅgá yávamanto yávaṁ cid yáthā dā́nty anupūrváṁ viyū́ya ihéhaiṣāṁ kr̥ṇuhi bhójanāni yé barhíṣo námovr̥ktiṁ ná jagmúḥ
What then? As people with barley fields harvest the ripe barley, separating it, so bring the food here for those who did not offer the sacrificial grass.
This verse draws a comparison between the harvesting of barley and the distribution of food. It asks for food to be brought to those who have not performed a specific ritualistic duty (preparing the sacrificial grass). The implication is that those who are not participating in the ritual should still be provided for.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. कुविद अङ्ग यवमन्तः यवं चि kuvít aṅgá yávamantaḥ yávam cit (11 syllables)
- B. यथा दान्ति अनुपूर्वम् वियूय yáthā dā́nti anupūrvám viyū́ya (11 syllables)
- C. इहेह एषाम् कृणुहि भोजनानि ihéha eṣām kr̥ṇuhi bhójanāni (11 syllables)
- D. ये बर्हिषः नमोवृत्तिं न जग्मुः yé barhíṣaḥ námovr̥ktim ná jagmúḥ (11 syllables)
कुविद (kuvít)
what then? / perhaps
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed / particle
यवमन्तः (yávamantaḥ)
those possessing barley
यवं (yávam)
barley
चि (cit)
even / particle
यथा (yáthā)
as
दान्ति (dā́nti)
they give / distribute
अनुपूर्वम् (anupūrvám)
in order / successively
वियूय (viyū́ya)
separating / winnowing
इहेह (ihéha)
here and here
एषाम् (eṣām)
of them
कृणुहि (kr̥ṇuhi)
make / bring
भोजनानि (bhójanāni)
foods / meals
ये (yé)
who
बर्हिषः (barhíṣaḥ)
of the sacrificial grass
नमोवृत्तिं (námovr̥ktim)
the offering of reverence / worship
न (ná)
not
जग्मुः (jagmúḥ)
they went / performed
Stanza 10.131.3
न॒हि स्थूर्यृ॑तु॒था या॒तमस्ति॒ नोत श्रवो॑ विविदे संग॒मेषु॑ | ग॒व्यन्त॒ इन्द्रं॑ स॒ख्याय॒ विप्रा॑ अश्वा॒यन्तो॒ वृष॑णं वा॒जय॑न्तः ||
nahí sthū́ry r̥tuthā́ yātám ásti nótá śrávo vivide saṁgaméṣu gavyánta índraṁ sakhyā́ya víprā aśvāyánto vŕ̥ṣaṇaṁ vājáyantaḥ
Indeed, they do not come with one horse at the right times, nor do they gain fame in gatherings. The wise, desiring cattle and horses, strengthen Indra for friendship.
This verse describes people who are not successful in gatherings or assemblies. It states that they do not come with a single horse (symbolizing preparedness or resources) at the proper times, and thus do not gain renown. The wise (vipra) who desire cattle and horses, strengthen Indra for friendship, implying that devotion to Indra brings success.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नहि स्थूremoveFrom ऋतुथा यातम् अस्ति nahí sthū́ri r̥tuthā́ yātám ásti (11 syllables)
- B. न उत श्रवः विविदे संगमेषु ná utá śrávaḥ vivide saṃgaméṣu (11 syllables)
- C. गव्यन्तः इन्द्रं सख्याय विप्राः gavyántaḥ índram sakhyā́ya víprāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अश्वायन्तः वृषणं वाजextends aśvāyántaḥ vŕ̥ṣaṇam vājáyantaḥ (11 syllables)
नहि (nahí)
indeed not
स्थूremoveFrom (sthū́ri)
single / alone
ऋतुथा (r̥tuthā́)
at the right times / seasonally
यातम् (yātám)
coming / going
अस्ति (ásti)
is / exists
न (ná)
not
उत (utá)
and / also
श्रवः (śrávaḥ)
fame / renown
विविदे (vivide)
obtained / found
संगमेषु (saṃgaméṣu)
in gatherings / assemblies
गव्यन्तः (gavyántaḥ)
desiring cows
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
सख्याय (sakhyā́ya)
for friendship
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
wise ones / poets / sages
अश्वायन्तः (aśvāyántaḥ)
desiring horses
वृषणं (vŕ̥ṣaṇam)
strong one / bull (here referring to Indra)
वाजextends (vājáyantaḥ)
seeking strength / food
Stanza 10.131.4
यु॒वं सु॒राम॑मश्विना॒ नमु॑चावासु॒रे सचा॑ | वि॒पि॒पा॒ना शु॑भस्पती॒ इन्द्रं॒ कर्म॑स्वावतम् ||
yuváṁ surā́mam aśvinā námucāv āsuré sácā vipipānā́ śubhas patī índraṁ kármasv āvatam
O Ashvins, Lords of Splendor, you two drank the Soma together with Namuci, the Asura. You aided Indra in his deeds.
The Ashvins, who are the lords of splendor, are described as drinking Soma together with Indra. This drinking happened in the context of (or possibly against) Namuci, an Asura. They aided Indra in his actions or work during this event.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. युवं सुरामं अश्विना yuvám surā́mam aśvinā (8 syllables)
- B. नमुचौ आसुरे सचा námucau āsuré sácā (8 syllables)
- C. विपिपाना शुभ पती vipipānā́ śubhaḥ patī (8 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रं कर्मसु आवतम् índram kármasu āvatam (8 syllables)
युवं (yuvám)
you two
सुरामं (surā́mam)
Soma juice
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins (twin gods of dawn)
नमुचौ (námucau)
Namuci (a demon)
आसुरे (āsuré)
in the Asura's (place/context)
सचा (sácā)
together
विपिपाना (vipipānā́)
drinking
शुभ (śubhaḥ)
of splendor
पती (patī)
O lords (dual)
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
कर्मसु (kármasu)
in deeds / works
आवतम् (āvatam)
you two aided
Stanza 10.131.5
पु॒त्रमि॑व पि॒तरा॑व॒श्विनो॒भेन्द्रा॒वथुः॒ काव्यै॑र्दं॒सना॑भिः | यत्सु॒रामं॒ व्यपि॑बः॒ शची॑भिः॒ सर॑स्वती त्वा मघवन्नभिष्णक् ||
putrám iva pitárāv aśvínobhéndrāváthuḥ kā́vyair daṁsánābhiḥ yát surā́maṁ vy ápibaḥ śácībhiḥ sárasvatī tvā maghavann abhiṣṇak
As parents aid a son, so you two Ashvins aided Indra with your wonderful wisdom and deeds. When you drank the Soma with your powers, O Maghavan (Indra), Sarasvati strengthened you.
The Ashvins are praised for aiding Indra, much like parents aid their son. This help was provided with their wonderful wisdom and powers. Separately, the verse addresses Indra, asking Sarasvati (goddess of knowledge and rivers) about his drinking of the Soma, implying she refreshed him with her own powers.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. पुत्रं इव पितरौ अश्विना उभा putrám iva pitárau aśvínā ubhā́ (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र आवथुः काव्यैः दंसेनाभिः índra āváthuḥ kā́vyaiḥ daṃsánābhiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. यत् सुरामं वि अपिबः शचीभिः yát surā́mam ví ápibaḥ śácībhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सरस्वती त्वा मघवन् अभिष्णक् sárasvatī tvā maghavan abhiṣṇak (11 syllables)
पुत्रं (putrám)
son
इव (iva)
like
पितरौ (pitárau)
parents (dual)
अश्विना (aśvínā)
O Ashvins (twin gods)
उभा (ubhā́)
both
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
आवथुः (āváthuḥ)
you two aided
काव्यैः (kā́vyaiḥ)
with wisdom / poetic power
दंसेनाभिः (daṃsánābhiḥ)
with wondrous deeds / powers
यत् (yát)
when
सुरामं (surā́mam)
Soma juice
वि (ví)
away / thoroughly
अपिबः (ápibaḥ)
you drank
शचीभिः (śácībhiḥ)
with powers / might
सरस्वती (sárasvatī)
Sarasvati (goddess)
त्वा (tvā)
you
मघवन् (maghavan)
O wealthy one / Indra
अभिष्णक् (abhiṣṇak)
refreshed / strengthened
Stanza 10.131.6
इन्द्रः॑ सु॒त्रामा॒ स्ववाँ॒ अवो॑भिः सुमृळी॒को भ॑वतु वि॒श्ववे॑दाः | बाध॑तां॒ द्वेषो॒ अभ॑यं कृणोतु सु॒वीर्य॑स्य॒ पत॑यः स्याम ||
índraḥ sutrā́mā svávām̐ ávobhiḥ sumr̥ḷīkó bhavatu viśvávedāḥ bā́dhatāṁ dvéṣo ábhayaṁ kr̥ṇotu suvī́ryasya pátayaḥ syāma
May Indra, the good protector, the strong, with his aids, and the all-knowing one, be gracious to us. May he repel hatred and make us fearless. May we become masters of great heroism.
This is a prayer for divine favor. Indra, described as a good protector, strong, and possessing all knowledge, is asked to be gracious and kind. The supplication continues with a request for Indra to repel enemies and grant safety, so that the worshippers may become masters of heroic strength and valor.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रः सुत्रामा स्ववाँ अवोभिः índraḥ sutrā́mā svávān ávobhiḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सुगृशीकः भवतु विश्ववेदाः sumr̥ḷīkáḥ bhavatu viśvávedāḥ (12 syllables)
- C. बाधताम् द्वेषः अभयं कृणोतु bā́dhatām dvéṣaḥ ábhayam kr̥ṇotu (11 syllables)
- D. सुवीर्यस्य पतयः स्याम suvī́ryasya pátayaḥ syāma (11 syllables)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
सुत्रामा (sutrā́mā)
good protector
स्ववाँ (svávān)
possessing strength / own power
अवोभिः (ávobhiḥ)
with aids / protections
सुगृशीकः (sumr̥ḷīkáḥ)
very gracious / kind
भवतु (bhavatu)
may he be
विश्ववेदाः (viśvávedāḥ)
all-knowing
बाधताम् (bā́dhatām)
may he repel / push away
द्वेषः (dvéṣaḥ)
hatred / enmity
अभयं (ábhayam)
fearlessness / safety
कृणोतु (kr̥ṇotu)
may he make
सुवीर्यस्य (suvī́ryasya)
of great heroism / strength
पतयः (pátayaḥ)
lords / masters
स्याम (syāma)
may we be
Stanza 10.131.7
तस्य॑ व॒यं सु॑म॒तौ य॒ज्ञिय॒स्यापि॑ भ॒द्रे सौ॑मन॒से स्या॑म | स सु॒त्रामा॒ स्ववाँ॒ इन्द्रो॑ अ॒स्मे आ॒राच्चि॒द्द्वेषः॑ सनु॒तर्यु॑योतु ||
tásya vayáṁ sumataú yajñíyasyā́pi bhadré saumanasé syāma sá sutrā́mā svávām̐ índro asmé ārā́c cid dvéṣaḥ sanutár yuyotu
May we indeed be in his favor, in his sacred good disposition. May he, the strong protector, the powerful Indra, keep hatred far from us and drive it away. May we be masters of great heroism.
The worshippers express a desire to remain in Indra's favor and good disposition, praying to be part of his divine blessings. They invoke Indra, who is a strong protector, to keep enemies far away and grant them safety and fearlessness. The ultimate goal is to be masters of heroic strength.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तस्य वयं सुमतौ यज्ञियस्य tásya vayám sumataú yajñíyasya (11 syllables)
- B. अपि भद्रे सौमनसे श्याम ápi bhadré saumanasé syāma (11 syllables)
- C. स सुत्रामा स्ववाँ इन्द्रः अस्मे sá sutrā́mā svávān índraḥ asmé (11 syllables)
- D. आरात् चि द्वेषः सनुतर् युयुओतु ārā́t cit dvéṣaḥ sanutár yuyotu (11 syllables)
तस्य (tásya)
his
वयं (vayám)
we
सुमतौ (sumataú)
in good disposition / favor
यज्ञियस्य (yajñíyasya)
of the sacred / worthy of worship
अपि (ápi)
also / indeed
भद्रे (bhadré)
in the auspicious / good
सौमनसे (saumanasé)
in good-mindedness / joy
श्याम (syāma)
may we be
स (sá)
he
सुत्रामा (sutrā́mā)
good protector
स्ववाँ (svávān)
possessing strength
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
अस्मे (asmé)
to us / among us
आरात् (ārā́t)
afar / far away
चि (cit)
even / particle
द्वेषः (dvéṣaḥ)
hatred / enmity
सनुतर् (sanutár)
far away / completely
युयुओतु (yuyotu)
may he drive away / separate