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Stanza 10.115.1
चि॒त्र इच्छिशो॒स्तरु॑णस्य व॒क्षथो॒ न यो मा॒तरा॑व॒प्येति॒ धात॑वे | अ॒नू॒धा यदि॒ जीज॑न॒दधा॑ च॒ नु व॒वक्ष॑ स॒द्यो महि॑ दू॒त्यं१॒॑ चर॑न् ||
citrá íc chíśos táruṇasya vakṣátho ná yó mātárāv apyéti dhā́tave anūdhā́ yádi jī́janad ádhā ca nú vavákṣa sadyó máhi dūtyàṁ cáran
Indeed, wondrous is the growth of the young child, who does not approach to drink his mothers' milk. As soon as she, who has no udder, bore him, he, performing his great messenger duty, suddenly grew strong.
This stanza speaks of a wondrous, young divine being that grows rapidly without needing nourishment from its 'mother'. It seems to be referring to the divine fire (Agni) or a cosmic entity that quickly gains strength and embarks on a significant mission, described as 'great messenger' duties.
Meter: Jagati
- A. चि॒त्र इत् चि॒शोः त॒रु॒णस्य व॒क्षथः citráḥ ít śíśoḥ táruṇasya vakṣáthaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. न यः मा॒त॒रौ अप्ये॑ति धा॒तवे॑ ná yáḥ mātárau apyéti dhā́tave (12 syllables)
- C. अ॒नू॒धाः यदि जी॒जनत् anūdhā́ḥ yádi jī́janat ádha + ca nú (12 syllables)
- D. व॒वक्ष॑ स॒द्यः महि दू॒त्यं चरन् vavákṣa sadyás máhi dūtyàm cáran (12 syllables)
चि॒त्र (citráḥ)
wondrous, remarkable
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly
चि॒शोः (śíśoḥ)
of the infant, of the young child
त॒रु॒णस्य (táruṇasya)
of the young, of the tender
व॒क्षथः (vakṣáthaḥ)
growth, increase
न (ná)
not
यः (yáḥ)
who
मा॒त॒रौ (mātárau)
mothers (dual)
अप्ये॑ति (apyéti)
approaches, comes near
धा॒तवे॑ (dhā́tave)
to nourish, to sustain
अ॒नू॒धाः (anūdhā́ḥ)
udderless
यदि (yádi)
when, as
जी॒जनत् (jī́janat)
bore, generated
(ádha +)
(ca)
(nú)
व॒वक्ष॑ (vavákṣa)
grew, became strong
स॒द्यः (sadyás)
suddenly, immediately
महि (máhi)
great
दू॒त्यं (dūtyàm)
messenger task, mission
चरन् (cáran)
going, performing
Stanza 10.115.2
अ॒ग्निर्ह॒ नाम॑ धायि॒ दन्न॒पस्त॑मः॒ सं यो वना॑ यु॒वते॒ भस्म॑ना द॒ता | अ॒भि॒प्र॒मुरा॑ जु॒ह्वा॑ स्वध्व॒र इ॒नो न प्रोथ॑मानो॒ यव॑से॒ वृषा॑ ||
agnír ha nā́ma dhāyi dánn apástamaḥ sáṁ yó vánā yuváte bhásmanā datā́ abhipramúrā juhvāā̀ svadhvará inó ná próthamāno yávase vŕ̥ṣā
He was named Agni, the most effective bestower, who gathered the woods with his consuming tooth. Skilled in sacrifice, with a destructive tongue, he is powerful like a bull snorting in the pasture.
This stanza describes the entity from the previous verse, identifying it as Agni, the fire god. Agni is portrayed as a powerful being that consumes wood with its 'tooth' and possesses a destructive tongue, akin to a bull. It is skilled in sacrifices and is called 'most active to bestow' and 'impetuous'.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अ॒ग्निः ह नाम धायि दं अपस्तमः agníḥ ha nā́ma dhāyi dán apástamaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. सं यः वना युवते भस्मना दता sám yáḥ vánā yuváte bhásmanā datā́ (12 syllables)
- C. अभिप्रमुरा जुह्वा स्वध्वरः abhipramúrā juhvā̀ svadhvaráḥ (12 syllables)
- D. इनः न प्रोथमानः यवसे वृषा ináḥ ná próthamānaḥ yávase vŕ̥ṣā (12 syllables)
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
ह (ha)
indeed
नाम (nā́ma)
name
धायि (dhāyi)
was given, was established
दं (dán)
in the house, in the dwelling
अपस्तमः (apástamaḥ)
most active, most vigorous
सं (sám)
together, with
यः (yáḥ)
who
वना (vánā)
woods, forests
युवते (yuváte)
gathers, collects
भस्मना (bhásmanā)
with ashes
दता (datā́)
with tooth
अभिप्रमुरा (abhipramúrā)
destroying
जुह्वा (juhvā̀)
with tongue
स्वध्वरः (svadhvaráḥ)
skilled in sacrifice
इनः (ináḥ)
powerful, strong
न (ná)
like, as
प्रोथमानः (próthamānaḥ)
snorting, bellowing
यवसे (yávase)
in the pasture
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
bull
Stanza 10.115.3
तं वो॒ विं न द्रु॒षदं॑ दे॒वमन्ध॑स॒ इन्दुं॒ प्रोथ॑न्तं प्र॒वप॑न्तमर्ण॒वम् | आ॒सा वह्निं॒ न शो॒चिषा॑ विर॒प्शिनं॒ महि॑व्रतं॒ न स॒रज॑न्त॒मध्व॑नः ||
táṁ vo víṁ ná druṣádaṁ devám ándhasa índum próthantam pravápantam arṇavám āsā́ váhniṁ ná śocíṣā virapśínam máhivrataṁ ná sarájantam ádhvanaḥ
Praise him, your god who, like a bird, rests on a tree, scattering drops of essence and pouring forth his flood. With his flame, like a tongue, he speaks, a priest of great rites, expanding his paths, like one of great command.
The stanza urges praise for this divine being, Agni, comparing him to a bird resting on a tree. He is described as showering 'drops of juice' and emitting a 'flood', speaking with his fiery 'tongue' like a priest. He expands his paths with brilliance, like a powerful ruler. The verse refers to him as 'Indu' (Soma) and emphasizes his powerful, wide-reaching nature.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तं वः विं न द्रुषदं देवं अन्धसः tám vaḥ vím ná druṣádam devám ándhasaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. इन्दुं प्रोथन्तं प्रवपन्तं अर्णवं índum próthantam pravápantam arṇavám (12 syllables)
- C. आसा वह्निं न शोचिषा विरप्सिनं āsā́ váhnim ná śocíṣā virapśínam (12 syllables)
- D. महिव्रतं न सराजन्तं अध्वनः máhivratam ná sarájantam ádhvanaḥ (12 syllables)
तं (tám)
him
वः (vaḥ)
your
विं (vím)
bird
न (ná)
like
द्रुषदं (druṣádam)
resting on wood (or tree)
देवं (devám)
god
अन्धसः (ándhasaḥ)
of essence, of juice
इन्दुं (índum)
Indu (Soma, referring to Agni)
प्रोथन्तं (próthantam)
scattering
प्रवपन्तं (pravápantam)
pouring forth
अर्णवं (arṇavám)
flood, stream
आसा (āsā́)
with mouth
वह्निं (váhnim)
fire (as carrier)
न (ná)
like
शोचिषा (śocíṣā)
with flame, with brilliance
विरप्सिनं (virapśínam)
resplendent, mighty
महिव्रतं (máhivratam)
of great command, of great vows
न (ná)
like
सराजन्तं (sarájantam)
ruling, governing
अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ)
paths
Stanza 10.115.4
वि यस्य॑ ते ज्रयसा॒नस्या॑जर॒ धक्षो॒र्न वाताः॒ परि॒ सन्त्यच्यु॑ताः | आ र॒ण्वासो॒ युयु॑धयो॒ न स॑त्व॒नं त्रि॒तं न॑शन्त॒ प्र शि॒षन्त॑ इ॒ष्टये॑ ||
ví yásya te jrayasānásyājara dhákṣor ná vā́tāḥ pári sánty ácyutāḥ ā́ raṇvā́so yúyudhayo ná satvanáṁ tritáṁ naśanta prá śiṣánta iṣṭáye
O everlasting one, your far-reaching power is surrounded by the winds which are unceasing. Approaching like eager warriors, they seek Trita, the hero, to guide them to their desire.
This verse addresses the 'everlasting' divine being, possibly Agni, asking about its nature. It states that the winds, which are unceasing and unwavering, surround its power. Warriors, like eager fighters, approach it, and the heroic Trita is invoked to guide it towards its desired goal.
Meter: Jagati
- A. वि यस्य ते ज्रयसानस्य अजर ví yásya te jrayasānásya ajara (12 syllables)
- B. धक्षोः न वाताः परि सन्ति अच्युताः dhákṣoḥ ná vā́tāḥ pári sánti ácyutāḥ (12 syllables)
- C. आ रण्वासाः युयुधयः न सत्वनं ā́ raṇvā́saḥ yúyudhayaḥ ná satvanám (12 syllables)
- D. त्रितं नशन्त प्र शिषन्तः इष्टये tritám naśanta prá śiṣántaḥ iṣṭáye (12 syllables)
वि (ví)
apart, forth
यस्य (yásya)
whose
ते (te)
your
ज्रयसानस्य (jrayasānásya)
far-striding
अजर (ajara)
everlasting, undecaying
धक्षोः (dhákṣoḥ)
of power, of strength
न (ná)
like
वाताः (vā́tāḥ)
winds
परि (pári)
around
सन्ति (sánti)
are
अच्युताः (ácyutāḥ)
unwavering, steadfast
आ (ā́)
towards
रण्वासाः (raṇvā́saḥ)
eager, desirous
युयुधयः (yúyudhayaḥ)
warriors
न (ná)
like
सत्वनं (satvanám)
strength, vigor
त्रितं (tritám)
Trita (a heroic figure)
नशन्त (naśanta)
seek, strive for
प्र (prá)
forth, forward
शिषन्तः (śiṣántaḥ)
urging, instructing
इष्टये (iṣṭáye)
for the desired goal, for the wish
Stanza 10.115.5
स इद॒ग्निः कण्व॑तमः॒ कण्व॑सखा॒र्यः पर॒स्यान्त॑रस्य॒ तरु॑षः | अ॒ग्निः पा॑तु गृण॒तो अ॒ग्निः सू॒रीन॒ग्निर्द॑दातु॒ तेषा॒मवो॑ नः ||
sá íd agníḥ káṇvatamaḥ káṇvasakhāryáḥ párasyā́ntarasya táruṣaḥ agníḥ pātu gr̥ṇató agníḥ sūrī́n agnír dadātu téṣām ávo naḥ
This Agni is the greatest among the Kaṇvas, the friend of Kaṇvas, the conqueror of enemies near and far. May Agni protect the singers, may Agni give to the princes: may he grant us their help.
This stanza identifies the divine being as Agni, the 'best of Kaṇvas' and 'Kaṇva's friend', and a 'conqueror'. Agni is praised as a protector of singers and a bestower upon princes. The verse calls for Agni's protection for those who sing praises and asks Agni to grant them support, implying the continuation of a tradition of praise and divine assistance.
Meter:
- A. स इत् अ॒ग्निः कण्वतमः कण्वसखा sáḥ ít agníḥ káṇvatamaḥ káṇvasakhā (12 syllables)
- B. अर्यः परस्य अन्तरस्य तरुषः aryáḥ párasya ántarasya táruṣaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अ॒ग्निः पातु गृणतः अ॒ग्निः सू॒रीन् agníḥ pātu gr̥ṇatáḥ agníḥ sūrī́n (11 syllables)
- D. अ॒ग्निः ददातु तेषां अवः नः agníḥ dadātu téṣām ávaḥ naḥ (11 syllables)
स (sáḥ)
this
इत् (ít)
indeed
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
कण्वतमः (káṇvatamaḥ)
greatest among the Kaṇvas
कण्वसखा (káṇvasakhā)
friend of the Kaṇvas
अर्यः (aryáḥ)
of the enemy, of the foe
परस्य (párasya)
of the distant
अन्तरस्य (ántarasya)
of the near
तरुषः (táruṣaḥ)
conqueror, vanquisher
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
पातु (pātu)
may protect
गृणतः (gr̥ṇatáḥ)
of those who sing praises
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
सू॒रीन् (sūrī́n)
princes, leaders
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
ददातु (dadātu)
may give
तेषां (téṣām)
their
अवः (ávaḥ)
help, aid
नः (naḥ)
to us
Stanza 10.115.6
वा॒जिन्त॑माय॒ सह्य॑से सुपित्र्य तृ॒षु च्यवा॑नो॒ अनु॑ जा॒तवे॑दसे | अ॒नु॒द्रे चि॒द्यो धृ॑ष॒ता वरं॑ स॒ते म॒हिन्त॑माय॒ धन्व॒नेद॑विष्य॒ते ||
vājíntamāya sáhyase supitrya tr̥ṣú cyávāno ánu jātávedase anudré cid yó dhr̥ṣatā́ váraṁ saté mahíntamāya dhánvanéd aviṣyaté
To you, the most energetic, who are powerful, O Supitrya, swiftly following, make yourself the lord of Jātavedas. He who surely gives a boon, even in a thirsty land, most powerful, prepared to help us in the wilds.
This stanza addresses Agni, calling him 'Supitrya' and 'Jātavedas' (one who knows all beings). It describes Agni as the most powerful and swift, following even the most intense desires. Agni is depicted as bestowing boons, even in difficult, dry conditions, and is ready to help in the wilderness, implying his omnipresence and supportive nature.
Meter: Jagati
- A. वा॒जिन्त॑माय सह्यसे सुपित्य vājíntamāya sáhyase supitrya (12 syllables)
- B. तृषु च्यावानः अनु जातवेदसे tr̥ṣú cyávānaḥ ánu jātávedase (12 syllables)
- C. अनुद्रे चिद् यः धृषता वरं सते anudré cit yáḥ dhr̥ṣatā́ váram saté (12 syllables)
- D. महिन्तमाय धन्वाना इत् अविष्यते mahíntamāya dhánvanā ít aviṣyaté (12 syllables)
वा॒जिन्त॑माय (vājíntamāya)
most energetic, most powerful
सह्यसे (sáhyase)
powerful, strong
सुपित्य (supitrya)
O good father/son, a name for Agni
तृषु (tr̥ṣú)
in thirst, in dryness
च्यावानः (cyávānaḥ)
following, moving
अनु (ánu)
following
जातवेदसे (jātávedase)
to Jātavedas (Agni)
अनुद्रे (anudré)
in the wild, in the desert
चिद् (cit)
indeed, surely
यः (yáḥ)
who
धृषता (dhr̥ṣatā́)
boldly, with courage
वरं (váram)
boon, gift
सते (saté)
to him who exists, to the being
महिन्तमाय (mahíntamāya)
most great, mightiest
धन्वाना (dhánvanā)
with bow, with weapon (or possibly a place)
इत् (ít)
indeed
अविष्यते (aviṣyaté)
to the one who aids
Stanza 10.115.7
ए॒वाग्निर्मर्तैः॑ स॒ह सू॒रिभि॒र्वसुः॑ ष्टवे॒ सह॑सः सू॒नरो॒ नृभिः॑ | मि॒त्रासो॒ न ये सुधि॑ता ऋता॒यवो॒ द्यावो॒ न द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि सन्ति॒ मानु॑षान् ||
evā́gnír mártaiḥ sahá sūríbhir vásu ṣṭave sáhasaḥ sūnáro nŕ̥bhiḥ mitrā́so ná yé súdhitā r̥tāyávo dyā́vo ná dyumnaír abhí sánti mā́nuṣān
Thus Agni, with mortals and princes, is praised; a source of wealth, a leader of men with heroes. Like friends who are well-disposed and observant of the sacred law, like the heavens, they surpass mortals with their glories.
This verse summarizes Agni's relationship with humans, stating that he is praised by mortals and princes together. He is described as a 'good source of wealth' and a 'leader of men', lauded by those who are well-disposed, loyal, and righteous. These individuals are compared to the heavens, which surpass all humanity in their brilliance and scope.
Meter: Jagati
- A. एवा अ॒ग्निः मर्तेः सह सू॒रिभिः evá agníḥ mártaiḥ sahá sūríbhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वसुः स्तवे सहसः सूनरः नृभिः vásuḥ stave sáhasaḥ sūnáraḥ nŕ̥bhiḥ (12 syllables)
- C. मित्रासाः न ये सुधिताः ऋतायवः mitrā́saḥ ná yé súdhitāḥ r̥tāyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. द्यावाः न द्युम्नैः अभि सन्ति मानुषान् dyā́vaḥ ná dyumnaíḥ abhí sánti mā́nuṣān (12 syllables)
एवा (evá)
thus, so
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
मर्तेः (mártaiḥ)
with mortals
सह (sahá)
together with
सू॒रिभिः (sūríbhiḥ)
with princes, with leaders
वसुः (vásuḥ)
wealth, good
स्तवे (stave)
is praised
सहसः (sáhasaḥ)
of strength
सूनरः (sūnáraḥ)
leader, bestower
नृभिः (nŕ̥bhiḥ)
with heroes, with men
मित्रासाः (mitrā́saḥ)
friends
न (ná)
like
ये (yé)
who
सुधिताः (súdhitāḥ)
well-disposed, well-established
ऋतायवः (r̥tāyávaḥ)
observing the sacred law, righteous
द्यावाः (dyā́vaḥ)
heavens
न (ná)
like
द्युम्नैः (dyumnaíḥ)
with glories, with strengths
अभि (abhí)
towards, upon
सन्ति (sánti)
are, exist
मानुषान् (mā́nuṣān)
mortals, men
Stanza 10.115.8
ऊर्जो॑ नपात्सहसाव॒न्निति॑ त्वोपस्तु॒तस्य॑ वन्दते॒ वृषा॒ वाक् | त्वां स्तो॑षाम॒ त्वया॑ सु॒वीरा॒ द्राघी॑य॒ आयुः॑ प्रत॒रं दधा॑नाः ||
ū́rjo napāt sahasāvann íti tvopastutásya vandate vŕ̥ṣā vā́k tvā́ṁ stoṣāma tváyā suvī́rā drā́ghīya ā́yuḥ prataráṁ dádhānāḥ
O Son of Strength, Victorious! With this praise, Upastuta's voice reveres you. Blessed with brave sons by you, we will praise you and, through you, possess long life.
This verse addresses Agni as 'Son of Strength' and 'Victorious'. It states that 'Upastuta's voice' reveres him with these titles. The singers, blessed with brave sons through Agni's grace, declare their intention to praise him and, through him, to attain a long life. This highlights Agni's role in bestowing progeny and longevity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऊर्जोः नपात् सहसावन् इति त्वा ū́rjaḥ napāt sahasāvan íti tvā (11 syllables)
- B. उपस्तुतस्य वन्दते वृषा वाक् upastutásya vandate vŕ̥ṣā vā́k (11 syllables)
- C. त्वां स्तोषामा त्वया सुवीराः tvā́m stoṣāma tváyā suvī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. द्राघीयं आयुः प्रतरं दधानाः drā́ghīyaḥ ā́yuḥ pratarám dádhānāḥ (11 syllables)
ऊर्जोः (ū́rjaḥ)
of strength, of energy
नपात् (napāt)
son
सहसावन् (sahasāvan)
powerful, mighty
इति (íti)
thus
त्वा (tvā)
you
उपस्तुतस्य (upastutásya)
of Upastuta (a rishi or a hymn)
वन्दते (vandate)
reveres, worships
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
victorious, powerful
वाक् (vā́k)
voice, speech
त्वां (tvā́m)
you
स्तोषामा (stoṣāma)
may we praise
त्वया (tváyā)
by you, through you
सुवीराः (suvī́rāḥ)
with brave sons
द्राघीयं (drā́ghīyaḥ)
longer
आयुः (ā́yuḥ)
life
प्रतरं (pratarám)
further, more
दधानाः (dádhānāḥ)
possessing, having
Stanza 10.115.9
इति॑ त्वाग्ने वृष्टि॒हव्य॑स्य पु॒त्रा उ॑पस्तु॒तास॒ ऋष॑योऽवोचन् | ताँश्च॑ पा॒हि गृ॑ण॒तश्च॑ सू॒रीन्वष॒ड्वष॒ळित्यू॒र्ध्वासो॑ अनक्ष॒न्नमो॒ नम॒ इत्यू॒र्ध्वासो॑ अनक्षन् ||
íti tvāgne vr̥ṣṭihávyasya putrā́ upastutā́sa ŕ̥ṣayo 'vocan tā́ṁś ca pāhí gr̥ṇatáś ca sūrī́n váṣaḍ váṣaḷ íty ūrdhvā́so anakṣan námo náma íty ūrdhvā́so anakṣan
Thus, Agni, have the sons of Vr̥ishṭihavya, the Upastutas, the sages, invoked you. Protect them, protect the singers and the princes. With 'Vashaṭ!' have they offered, with uplifted hands, with their uplifted hands and cries of 'Glory!'
This concluding stanza summarizes the invocation. It states that the sons of Vr̥ishṭihavya, identified as sages and 'Upastutas', have invoked Agni in this manner. They ask Agni to protect them, the singers, and the princes. The stanza ends with a description of their devotional act, involving the sounds 'Vashaṭ' and 'Namaḥ', and their uplifted hands, signifying their complete surrender and reverence.
Meter: Pankti
- A. इति त्वा अ॒ग्ने वृष्टिहव्यस्य पुत्राः íti tvā agne vr̥ṣṭihávyasya putrā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. उपस्तुतासः ऋषयः अवोचन् upastutā́saḥ ŕ̥ṣayaḥ avocan (11 syllables)
- C. ताँ च पा॒हि गृणतः च सू॒रीन् tā́n ca pāhí gr̥ṇatáḥ ca sūrī́n (11 syllables)
- D. वषट् वषट् इति ऊर्ध्वासः अनक्षन् váṣaṭ váṣaṭ íti ūrdhvā́saḥ anakṣan (11 syllables)
- E. नमः नमः इति ऊर्ध्वासः अनक्षन् námaḥ námaḥ íti ūrdhvā́saḥ anakṣan (11 syllables)
इति (íti)
thus
त्वा (tvā)
you
अ॒ग्ने (agne)
O Agni
वृष्टिहव्यस्य (vr̥ṣṭihávyasya)
of Vr̥ishṭihavya (a rishi or lineage)
पुत्राः (putrā́ḥ)
sons
उपस्तुतासः (upastutā́saḥ)
the Upastutas (a group of sages)
ऋषयः (ŕ̥ṣayaḥ)
sages, seers
अवोचन् (avocan)
spoke, invoked
ताँ (tā́n)
them
च (ca)
and
पा॒हि (pāhí)
protect!
गृणतः (gr̥ṇatáḥ)
of those who sing praises
च (ca)
and
सू॒रीन् (sūrī́n)
princes, leaders
वषट् (váṣaṭ)
Vashaṭ (a sacrificial exclamation)
वषट् (váṣaṭ)
Vashaṭ (a sacrificial exclamation)
इति (íti)
thus
ऊर्ध्वासः (ūrdhvā́saḥ)
uplifted, raised
अनक्षन् (anakṣan)
they approached, they came
नमः (námaḥ)
homage, reverence
नमः (námaḥ)
homage, reverence
इति (íti)
thus
ऊर्ध्वासः (ūrdhvā́saḥ)
uplifted, raised
अनक्षन् (anakṣan)
they approached, they came