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Stanza 1.72.1
नि काव्या॑ वे॒धसः॒ शश्व॑तस्क॒र्हस्ते॒ दधा॑नो॒ नर्या॑ पु॒रूणि॑ | अ॒ग्निर्भु॑वद्रयि॒पती॑ रयी॒णां स॒त्रा च॑क्रा॒णो अ॒मृता॑नि॒ विश्वा॑ ||
ní kā́vyā vedhásaḥ śáśvatas kar háste dádhāno náryā purū́ṇi agnír bhuvad rayipátī rayīṇā́ṁ satrā́ cakrāṇó amŕ̥tāni víśvā
Agni, the wise one, holds many magnificent gifts for people in his hands. He also influences the divine beings. Agni becomes the master of all treasures, continuously creating all immortal things.
This verse describes Agni as a powerful deity who, despite holding many offerings for humans, also influences the divine realm. He's portrayed as the ultimate lord of riches, constantly bestowing immortal boons. It highlights Agni's dual role in the human and divine worlds, emphasizing his generosity and immense power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. नि काव्या वेधसः शश्वतः कर् ní kā́vyā vedhásaḥ śáśvataḥ kar (11 syllables)
- B. हस्ते दधानः नर्या पुरूणि háste dádhānaḥ náryā purū́ṇi (11 syllables)
- C. अग्निः भुवत् रयिपतिः रयीणाम् agníḥ bhuvat rayipátiḥ rayīṇā́m (11 syllables)
- D. सत्रा चक्राणः अमृतानि विश्वा satrā́ cakrāṇáḥ amŕ̥tāni víśvā (11 syllables)
नि (ní)
down
काव्या (kā́vyā)
poetic or divine knowledge
वेधसः (vedhásaḥ)
ordainers, divine planners
शश्वतः (śáśvataḥ)
everlasting, eternal
कर् (kar)
he made
हस्ते (háste)
in the hand
दधानः (dádhānaḥ)
holding, bearing
नर्या (náryā)
human, mortal
पुरूणि (purū́ṇi)
many
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni, fire god
भुवत् (bhuvat)
he became
रयिपतिः (rayipátiḥ)
lord of riches
रयीणाम् (rayīṇā́m)
of the riches
सत्रा (satrā́)
continuously, always
चक्राणः (cakrāṇáḥ)
making, creating
अमृतानि (amŕ̥tāni)
immortal things, boons
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
Stanza 1.72.2
अ॒स्मे व॒त्सं परि॒ षन्तं॒ न वि॑न्दन्नि॒च्छन्तो॒ विश्वे॑ अ॒मृता॒ अमू॑राः | श्र॒म॒युवः॑ पद॒व्यो॑ धियं॒धास्त॒स्थुः प॒दे प॑र॒मे चार्व॒ग्नेः ||
asmé vatsám pári ṣántaṁ ná vindann ichánto víśve amŕ̥tā ámūrāḥ śramayúvaḥ padavyò dhiyaṁdhā́s tasthúḥ padé paramé cā́rv agnéḥ
Even the clever immortal gods couldn't find the precious 'calf' that was present among us, though they searched for it. Tired from their quest, they finally arrived at Agni's beautiful, supreme abode.
This verse speaks of the gods searching for something or someone precious, described metaphorically as a 'calf', who is hidden among us. Despite their efforts, they can't find it. Exhausted from their search, they eventually reach a beautiful, high dwelling associated with Agni.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अस्मे वत्सं परि षन्तं न विन्दन् asmé vatsám pári sántam ná vindan (11 syllables)
- B. इच्छन्तः विश्वे अमृताः अमूराः ichántaḥ víśve amŕ̥tāḥ ámūrāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. श्रमयुवः पदव्यो धियं~धाः śramayúvaḥ padavyàḥ dhiyaṃdhā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. तस्थुः पदे परमे चार्व अग्नेः tasthúḥ padé paramé cā́ru agnéḥ (11 syllables)
अस्मे (asmé)
among us
वत्सं (vatsám)
calf (metaphorical)
परि (pári)
around
षन्तं (sántam)
being, existing
न (ná)
not
विन्दन् (vindan)
they found
इच्छन्तः (ichántaḥ)
desiring, searching
विश्वे (víśve)
all
अमृताः (amŕ̥tāḥ)
immortals, gods
अमूराः (ámūrāḥ)
unfailing, steadfast
श्रमयुवः (śramayúvaḥ)
weary, tired
पदव्यो (padavyàḥ)
footsteps, path
धियं~धाः (dhiyaṃdhā́ḥ)
thoughtful, attentive
तस्थुः (tasthúḥ)
they stood
पदे (padé)
in the place
परमे (paramé)
highest, supreme
चार्व (cā́ru)
beautiful, lovely
अग्नेः (agnéḥ)
of Agni
Stanza 1.72.3
ति॒स्रो यद॑ग्ने श॒रद॒स्त्वामिच्छुचिं॑ घृ॒तेन॒ शुच॑यः सप॒र्यान् | नामा॑नि चिद्दधिरे य॒ज्ञिया॒न्यसू॑दयन्त त॒न्व१॒॑ः सुजा॑ताः ||
tisró yád agne śarádas tvā́m íc chúciṁ ghr̥téna śúcayaḥ saparyā́n nā́māni cid dadhire yajñíyāny ásūdayanta tanvàḥ sújātāḥ
When pure beings honored you, Agni, with offerings like ghee for three autumn seasons, they received worshipful names and refined their own beautiful forms. Your service brings great rewards.
This verse praises Agni, stating that because the pure beings served him with devotion and offerings (ghrita) for three autumn seasons, they were blessed with revered names and enhanced their own noble nature. It emphasizes the rewards of diligent worship and service.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तिस्रो यद अग्ने शरदः त्वाम् इत् tisráḥ yát agne śarádaḥ tvā́m ít (11 syllables)
- B. शुचिं घृतेन शुचयः सपर्यान् śúcim ghr̥téna śúcayaḥ saparyā́n (11 syllables)
- C. नामानि चिद्दधिरे दधिरे यज्ञियानि nā́māni cit dadhire yajñíyāni (11 syllables)
- D. असूदयन्त तन्वः सुजाताः ásūdayanta tanvàḥ sújātāḥ (11 syllables)
तिस्रो (tisráḥ)
three
यद (yát)
when
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
शरदः (śarádaḥ)
autumn seasons
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
इत् (ít)
indeed, certainly
शुचिं (śúcim)
pure, shining
घृतेन (ghr̥téna)
with ghee (clarified butter)
शुचयः (śúcayaḥ)
the pure ones
सपर्यान् (saparyā́n)
they served, honored
नामानि (nā́māni)
names
चिद्दधिरे (cit)
indeed
दधिरे (dadhire)
they took, acquired
यज्ञियानि (yajñíyāni)
worthy of worship, sacred
असूदयन्त (ásūdayanta)
they shaped, formed
तन्वः (tanvàḥ)
bodies
सुजाताः (sújātāḥ)
well-born, noble
Stanza 1.72.4
आ रोद॑सी बृह॒ती वेवि॑दानाः॒ प्र रु॒द्रिया॑ जभ्रिरे य॒ज्ञिया॑सः | वि॒दन्मर्तो॑ ने॒मधि॑ता चिकि॒त्वान॒ग्निं प॒दे प॑र॒मे त॑स्थि॒वांस॑म् ||
ā́ ródasī br̥hatī́ vévidānāḥ prá rudríyā jabhrire yajñíyāsaḥ vidán márto nemádhitā cikitvā́n agním padé paramé tasthivā́ṁsam
By understanding the vast earth and sky, the divine beings revealed their powerful, awe-inspiring qualities. A wise mortal, even when things were in chaos, perceived Agni standing in his highest, ultimate place.
The verse describes beings who, by understanding and embracing the vast realms of earth and heaven, revealed powerful, Rudra-like energies. A wise mortal, even amidst confusion or discord, recognized Agni standing in his supreme, lofty position.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ रोदसी बृहती वेविदानाः ā́ ródasī br̥hatī́ vévidānāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. प्र रुद्रिया जभ्रिरे यज्ञियासः prá rudríyā jabhrire yajñíyāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. विदन् मर्तः नेमधिता चिकित्वान् vidát mártaḥ nemádhitā cikitvā́n (11 syllables)
- D. अग्निम् पदे परमे तस्थिवांसम् agním padé paramé tasthivā́ṃsam (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
रोदसी (ródasī)
earth and heaven (dual)
बृहती (br̥hatī́)
vast, spacious
वेविदानाः (vévidānāḥ)
understanding, knowing well
प्र (prá)
forth
रुद्रिया (rudríyā)
Rudra-like, powerful
जभ्रिरे (jabhrire)
they held, brought forth
यज्ञियासः (yajñíyāsaḥ)
worthy of worship, divine
विदन् (vidát)
he perceived, found
मर्तः (mártaḥ)
mortal, human
नेमधिता (nemádhitā)
in a fixed place, established
चिकित्वान् (cikitvā́n)
perceptive, discerning
अग्निम् (agním)
Agni
पदे (padé)
in the place
परमे (paramé)
highest, supreme
तस्थिवांसम् (tasthivā́ṃsam)
standing
Stanza 1.72.5
सं॒जा॒ना॒ना उप॑ सीदन्नभि॒ज्ञु पत्नी॑वन्तो नम॒स्यं॑ नमस्यन् | रि॒रि॒क्वांस॑स्त॒न्वः॑ कृण्वत॒ स्वाः सखा॒ सख्यु॑र्नि॒मिषि॒ रक्ष॑माणाः ||
saṁjānānā́ úpa sīdann abhijñú pátnīvanto namasyàṁ namasyan ririkvā́ṁsas tanvàḥ kr̥ṇvata svā́ḥ sákhā sákhyur nimíṣi rákṣamāṇāḥ
United in spirit, and with their partners, they respectfully approached and worshipped the one who is venerable. Friends vigilantly watched over each other, making their own selves dedicated and protected, even as one rested while the other watched.
This verse describes a harmonious gathering where beings, united in mind and accompanied by their spouses, approach and worship a venerable figure (likely Agni). They seem to offer themselves or their actions, protecting each other like friends, even during moments of rest or vulnerability.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. संजानानाः उप सीदन् अभिज्ञु saṃjānānā́ḥ úpa sīdan abhijñú (11 syllables)
- B. पत्नीवन्तः नमस्यं नमस्यन् pátnīvantaḥ namasyàm namasyan (11 syllables)
- C. रिरिक्वांसः तन्वः कृण्वत स्वाः ririkvā́ṃsaḥ tanvàḥ kr̥ṇvata svā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सखा सख्युः निमिषि रक्षमाणाः sákhā sákhyuḥ nimíṣi rákṣamāṇāḥ (11 syllables)
संजानानाः (saṃjānānā́ḥ)
understanding each other, united
उप (úpa)
near, towards
सीदन् (sīdan)
they sat, approached
अभिज्ञु (abhijñú)
upright, attentive
पत्नीवन्तः (pátnīvantaḥ)
accompanied by wives
नमस्यं (namasyàm)
the venerable one
नमस्यन् (namasyan)
worshipping, revering
रिरिक्वांसः (ririkvā́ṃsaḥ)
having abandoned, relinquished
तन्वः (tanvàḥ)
bodies
कृण्वत (kr̥ṇvata)
they made
स्वाः (svā́ḥ)
their own
सखा (sákhā)
friend
सख्युः (sákhyuḥ)
of the friend
निमिषि (nimíṣi)
in the twinkling of an eye, moment
रक्षमाणाः (rákṣamāṇāḥ)
protecting, guarding
Stanza 1.72.6
त्रिः स॒प्त यद्गुह्या॑नि॒ त्वे इत्प॒दावि॑द॒न्निहि॑ता य॒ज्ञिया॑सः | तेभी॑ रक्षन्ते अ॒मृतं॑ स॒जोषाः॑ प॒शूञ्च॑ स्था॒तॄञ्च॒रथं॑ च पाहि ||
tríḥ saptá yád gúhyāni tvé ít padā́vidan níhitā yajñíyāsaḥ tébhī rakṣante amŕ̥taṁ sajóṣāḥ paśū́ñ ca sthātr̥ŕ̥ñ caráthaṁ ca pāhi
When the worshipful beings discovered the twenty-one hidden secrets within you, they together protected immortality. Now, please protect our cattle, our stationary things, and our moving creatures.
This verse speaks of divine beings who discovered 'thrice-seven' hidden powers or secrets within something (likely Agni). By utilizing these, they collectively protected immortality and are now asked to protect cattle, stationary things, and moving beings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्रिः सप्त यद् गुह्यानि त्वे इत् trís saptá yát gúhyāni tvé ít (11 syllables)
- B. पदा आविदन् निहिता यज्ञियासः padā́ ávidan níhitā yajñíyāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. तेभी रक्षन्ते अमृतं सजोषाः tébhiḥ rakṣante amŕ̥tam sajóṣāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. पशून् च स्थातून् चरथं च पाहि paśū́n ca sthātr̥̄́n carátham ca pāhi (12 syllables)
त्रिः (trís)
thrice
सप्त (saptá)
seven
यद् (yát)
which
गुह्यानि (gúhyāni)
hidden, secret
त्वे (tvé)
in you
इत् (ít)
indeed
पदा (padā́)
steps, places
आविदन् (ávidan)
they found, discovered
निहिता (níhitā)
placed, hidden
यज्ञियासः (yajñíyāsaḥ)
worshipful beings, divine ones
तेभी (tébhiḥ)
with them
रक्षन्ते (rakṣante)
they protect
अमृतं (amŕ̥tam)
immortality
सजोषाः (sajóṣāḥ)
united in purpose, together
पशून् (paśū́n)
cattle
च (ca)
and
स्थातून् (sthātr̥̄́n)
those who stand, stationary beings
चरथं (carátham)
moving thing, that which moves
च (ca)
and
पाहि (pāhi)
protect (you)
Stanza 1.72.7
वि॒द्वाँ अ॑ग्ने व॒युना॑नि क्षिती॒नां व्या॑नु॒षक्छु॒रुधो॑ जी॒वसे॑ धाः | अ॒न्त॒र्वि॒द्वाँ अध्व॑नो देव॒याना॒नत॑न्द्रो दू॒तो अ॑भवो हवि॒र्वाट् ||
vidvā́m̐ agne vayúnāni kṣitīnā́ṁ vy āā̀nuṣák churúdho jīváse dhāḥ antarvidvā́m̐ ádhvano devayā́nān átandro dūtó abhavo havirvā́ṭ
O Agni, wise one, you understand the ways of people and the paths the gods travel. Distribute nourishment for us to live. You tirelessly serve as the divine messenger, carrying our offerings.
This verse addresses Agni as a wise being who understands human affairs and the divine paths. He is asked to distribute provisions for human sustenance and is praised for his tireless role as a messenger, carrying oblations to the gods.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. विद्वान् अग्ने वयुनानि क्षितीनां vidvā́n agne vayúnāni kṣitīnā́m (11 syllables)
- B. वि आनुषक् शुरुधो जीवसे धाः ví ānuṣák śurúdhaḥ jīváse dhāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अन्तर्विद्वान् अध्वनो देवयानान antarvidvā́n ádhvanaḥ devayā́nān (11 syllables)
- D. अतन्द्रो दूतः अभवो हविर्वाट átandraḥ dūtáḥ abhavaḥ havirvā́ṭ (11 syllables)
विद्वान् (vidvā́n)
knowing, wise
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
वयुनानि (vayúnāni)
ways, orders, provisions
क्षितीनां (kṣitīnā́m)
of the dwellers, people
वि (ví)
apart, distinctly
आनुषक् (ānuṣák)
in succession, constantly
शुरुधो (śurúdhaḥ)
nourishing things, provisions
जीवसे (jīváse)
for living, for life
धाः (dhāḥ)
you give, distribute
अन्तर्विद्वान् (antarvidvā́n)
knowing from within, deeply aware
अध्वनो (ádhvanaḥ)
paths, ways
देवयानान (devayā́nān)
leading to the gods, divine paths
अतन्द्रो (átandraḥ)
untiring, not drowsy
दूतः (dūtáḥ)
messenger
अभवो (abhavaḥ)
you became
हविर्वाट (havirvā́ṭ)
offering-bearer
Stanza 1.72.8
स्वा॒ध्यो॑ दि॒व आ स॒प्त य॒ह्वी रा॒यो दुरो॒ व्यृ॑त॒ज्ञा अ॑जानन् | वि॒दद्गव्यं॑ स॒रमा॑ दृ॒ळ्हमू॒र्वं येना॒ नु कं॒ मानु॑षी॒ भोज॑ते॒ विट् ||
svādhyò divá ā́ saptá yahvī́ rāyó dúro vy r̥̀tajñā́ ajānan vidád gávyaṁ sarámā dr̥ḷhám ūrváṁ yénā nú kam mā́nuṣī bhójate víṭ
Those who knew the right path and were full of good thoughts saw the seven powerful celestial streams and the hidden doors to riches from the sky. Saramā discovered the secure place of the cows, from which all humanity receives its sustenance.
This verse speaks of beings who understood the proper way ('rtajña') and were filled with good intentions. They perceived the seven celestial streams and the hidden treasures from heaven. Saramā, a divine messenger, found the strong enclosure of the cows, which sustains humanity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स्वाध्यो दिव आ सप्त यह्नी svādhyàḥ diváḥ ā́ saptá yahvī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. रायः दुरो वि ऋतज्ञा अजानन् rāyáḥ dúraḥ ví r̥tajñā́ḥ ajānan (11 syllables)
- C. विदद् गव्यं सरमा दृळ्हं ऊर्वं vidát gávyam sarámā dr̥ḷhám ūrvám (12 syllables)
- D. येना नु कं मानुषी भोजते विट् yéna + nú kam mā́nuṣī bhójate víṭ (11 syllables)
स्वाध्यो (svādhyàḥ)
self-controlled, righteous
दिव (diváḥ)
from the sky, from heaven
आ (ā́)
towards
सप्त (saptá)
seven
यह्नी (yahvī́ḥ)
rivers, streams (often celestial)
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of riches, wealth
दुरो (dúraḥ)
doors, gates
वि (ví)
apart, widely
ऋतज्ञा (r̥tajñā́ḥ)
knowing the true order, righteous
अजानन् (ajānan)
they saw, perceived
विदद् (vidát)
he found
गव्यं (gávyam)
cows' enclosure, stable
सरमा (sarámā)
Saramā (divine messenger)
दृळ्हं (dr̥ḷhám)
strong, firm
ऊर्वं (ūrvám)
enclosure, stable
येना (yéna +)
by which
नु (nú)
now
कं (kam)
some
मानुषी (mā́nuṣī)
human
भोजते (bhójate)
enjoys, receives sustenance
विट् (víṭ)
people, clan, settlement
Stanza 1.72.9
आ ये विश्वा॑ स्वप॒त्यानि॑ त॒स्थुः कृ॑ण्वा॒नासो॑ अमृत॒त्वाय॑ गा॒तुम् | म॒ह्ना म॒हद्भिः॑ पृथि॒वी वि त॑स्थे मा॒ता पु॒त्रैरदि॑ति॒र्धाय॑से॒ वेः ||
ā́ yé víśvā svapatyā́ni tasthúḥ kr̥ṇvānā́so amr̥tatvā́ya gātúm mahnā́ mahádbhiḥ pr̥thivī́ ví tasthe mātā́ putraír áditir dhā́yase véḥ
Those who undertake all excellent deeds have created a path towards immortality. The great Earth, like a mother, has expanded with her powerful sons, providing support for the 'bird' (life/divinity).
This verse celebrates those who engage in excellent actions, creating a path towards immortality. It personifies Earth as a mother supported by great beings (her sons), who have established themselves in power. This cosmic arrangement is described as being for the nourishment of a 'bird', symbolizing life or the divine.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ ये विश्वा स्वपत्यानि तस्थुः ā́ yé víśvā svapatyā́ni tasthúḥ (11 syllables)
- B. कृण्वानासो अमृतत्वाय गातुं kr̥ṇvānā́saḥ amr̥tatvā́ya gātúm (11 syllables)
- C. मह्ना महद्भिः पृथिवी वि तस्थे mahnā́ mahádbhiḥ pr̥thivī́ ví tasthe (11 syllables)
- D. माता पुत्रैः अदितिः धायसे वेः mātā́ putraíḥ áditiḥ dhā́yase véḥ (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards
ये (yé)
who
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
स्वपत्यानि (svapatyā́ni)
excellent offspring, good deeds
तस्थुः (tasthúḥ)
they stood, established themselves
कृण्वानासो (kr̥ṇvānā́saḥ)
making, doing
अमृतत्वाय (amr̥tatvā́ya)
for immortality
गातुं (gātúm)
path, way
मह्ना (mahnā́)
by greatness
महद्भिः (mahádbhiḥ)
great, mighty
पृथिवी (pr̥thivī́)
Earth
वि (ví)
apart, widely
तस्थे (tasthe)
she spread out
माता (mātā́)
mother
पुत्रैः (putraíḥ)
with sons
अदितिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (mother goddess)
धायसे (dhā́yase)
for nourishment, support
वेः (véḥ)
of the bird
Stanza 1.72.10
अधि॒ श्रियं॒ नि द॑धु॒श्चारु॑मस्मिन्दि॒वो यद॒क्षी अ॒मृता॒ अकृ॑ण्वन् | अध॑ क्षरन्ति॒ सिन्ध॑वो॒ न सृ॒ष्टाः प्र नीची॑रग्ने॒ अरु॑षीरजानन् ||
ádhi śríyaṁ ní dadhuś cā́rum asmin divó yád akṣī́ amŕ̥tā ákr̥ṇvan ádha kṣaranti síndhavo ná sr̥ṣṭā́ḥ prá nī́cīr agne áruṣīr ajānan
When the immortal gods created the 'eyes of heaven', they bestowed magnificent beauty upon Agni. Then, like flowing rivers, they descended, and Agni recognized the radiant powers approaching him.
This verse describes how the immortal gods created the 'eyes of heaven' (perhaps the sun and moon) and bestowed beauty and glory upon Agni. As these divine lights began to shine, like rivers flowing, the gods recognized the radiant powers ('red steeds') descending towards Agni.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अधि श्रियं नि दधुः चारुं अस्मिन् ádhi śríyam ní dadhuḥ cā́rum asmin (11 syllables)
- B. दिवो यद अक्षी अमृता अकृण्वन् diváḥ yát akṣī́ amŕ̥tāḥ ákr̥ṇvan (11 syllables)
- C. अध क्षरन्ति सिन्धवो न सृष्टाः ádha kṣaranti síndhavaḥ ná sr̥ṣṭā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. प्र नीचीः अग्ने अरुषीः अजानन् prá nī́cīḥ agne áruṣīḥ ajānan (11 syllables)
अधि (ádhi)
upon, in
श्रियं (śríyam)
splendor, beauty, glory
नि (ní)
down
दधुः (dadhuḥ)
they placed, bestowed
चारुं (cā́rum)
beautiful, charming
अस्मिन् (asmin)
in him
दिवो (diváḥ)
of the sky, of heaven
यद (yát)
when
अक्षी (akṣī́)
eyes (dual)
अमृता (amŕ̥tāḥ)
immortals, gods
अकृण्वन् (ákr̥ṇvan)
they made
अध (ádha)
then, thereupon
क्षरन्ति (kṣaranti)
they flow
सिन्धवो (síndhavaḥ)
rivers
न (ná)
like
सृष्टाः (sr̥ṣṭā́ḥ)
released, set free
प्र (prá)
forth
नीचीः (nī́cīḥ)
descending, downward
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
अरुषीः (áruṣīḥ)
red (steeds, referring to light or flames)
अजानन् (ajānan)
they recognized, knew