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Stanza 1.51.1
अ॒भि त्यं मे॒षं पु॑रुहू॒तमृ॒ग्मिय॒मिन्द्रं॑ गी॒र्भिर्म॑दता॒ वस्वो॑ अर्ण॒वम् | यस्य॒ द्यावो॒ न वि॒चर॑न्ति॒ मानु॑षा भु॒जे मंहि॑ष्ठम॒भि विप्र॑मर्चत ||
abhí tyám meṣám puruhūtám r̥gmíyam índraṁ gīrbhír madatā vásvo arṇavám yásya dyā́vo ná vicáranti mā́nuṣā bhujé máṁhiṣṭham abhí vípram arcata
Hey everyone, let's make Indra, that widely invoked, praise-worthy Ram, happy with our songs! He's like an ocean of wealth. His great deeds spread like the sky for humans. Sing praises to him, the wise one, who is most generous for our benefit.
This verse is a vibrant call to action, urging listeners to praise and celebrate the mighty god Indra. It describes him as a powerful, well-known figure, like a vast ocean of wealth, whose influence and presence are as widespread as the heavens. The stanza emphasizes that Indra is worthy of our songs and devotion, especially when we invoke him with our words of praise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अभि त्यं मेषं पुरुहूतं ऋग्मियं abhí tyám meṣám puruhūtám r̥gmíyam (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रं गीर्भिः मदता वस्वः अर्णवं índram gīrbhíḥ madata + vásvaḥ arṇavám (12 syllables)
- C. यस्य द्यावो न विचरन्ति मानुषा yásya dyā́vaḥ ná vicáranti mā́nuṣā (12 syllables)
- D. भुजे मंहिष्ठं अभि विप्रं अर्चत bhujé máṃhiṣṭham abhí vípram arcata (12 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
towards
त्यं (tyám)
that
मेषं (meṣám)
ram
पुरुहूतं (puruhūtám)
widely invoked
ऋग्मियं (r̥gmíyam)
praiseworthy
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
गीर्भिः (gīrbhíḥ)
with songs/praises
मदता (madata +)
rejoice/be happy
वस्वः (vásvaḥ)
of wealth
अर्णवं (arṇavám)
ocean
यस्य (yásya)
whose
द्यावो (dyā́vaḥ)
heavens
न (ná)
like
विचरन्ति (vicáranti)
spread/move
मानुषा (mā́nuṣā)
for humans
भुजे (bhujé)
for benefit/protection
मंहिष्ठं (máṃhiṣṭham)
most generous
अभि (abhí)
towards
विप्रं (vípram)
wise one/singer
अर्चत (arcata)
praise/worship
Stanza 1.51.2
अ॒भीम॑वन्वन्त्स्वभि॒ष्टिमू॒तयो॑ऽन्तरिक्ष॒प्रां तवि॑षीभि॒रावृ॑तम् | इन्द्रं॒ दक्षा॑स ऋ॒भवो॑ मद॒च्युतं॑ श॒तक्र॑तुं॒ जव॑नी सू॒नृतारु॑हत् ||
abhī́m avanvan svabhiṣṭím ūtáyo 'ntarikṣaprā́ṁ táviṣībhir ā́vr̥tam índraṁ dákṣāsa r̥bhávo madacyútaṁ śatákratuṁ jávanī sūnŕ̥tā́ruhat
The eager helpers and protectors yearned for Indra, who fills the sky and is covered in might. The wise craftsmen and supporters, with their strong abilities, cheered him on to achieve victory.
This stanza paints a picture of Indra's incredible power and the support he receives. It describes how skilled beings, the Ribhus, eagerly longed for Indra's help in times of crisis. Indra is depicted as filling the sky with his might and being surrounded by his powerful forces. The skilled craftsmen and wise individuals are shown to be actively supporting him, their shouts of encouragement reaching him as he prepares for victory.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अभी ईं अवनन् स्वभिष्टिं ऊतयः abhí īm avanvan svabhiṣṭím ūtáyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. अन्तरिक्षप्रां तविषीभिः आवृत्तं antarikṣaprā́m táviṣībhiḥ ā́vr̥tam (12 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रं दक्षसः ऋभवः मदच्युतं índram dákṣāsaḥ r̥bhávaḥ madacyútam (12 syllables)
- D. शतक्रतुं जवनी सून्ृता आ अरुहत् śatákratum jávanī sūnŕ̥tā ā́ aruhat (12 syllables)
अभी (abhí)
towards
ईं (īm)
him
अवनन् (avanvan)
helped/protected
स्वभिष्टिं (svabhiṣṭím)
protection/help
ऊतयः (ūtáyaḥ)
helpers
अन्तरिक्षप्रां (antarikṣaprā́m)
filling the sky
तविषीभिः (táviṣībhiḥ)
with might/power
आवृत्तं (ā́vr̥tam)
covered/enveloped
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
दक्षसः (dákṣāsaḥ)
skilled ones/craftsmen
ऋभवः (r̥bhávaḥ)
Ribhus (skilled beings)
मदच्युतं (madacyútam)
gladdening/intoxicating
शतक्रतुं (śatákratum)
hundred-skilled (Indra)
जवनी (jávanī)
speed/swiftness
सून्ृता (sūnŕ̥tā)
joy/glory
आ (ā́)
up
अरुहत् (aruhat)
ascended/reached
Stanza 1.51.3
त्वं गो॒त्रमङ्गि॑रोभ्योऽवृणो॒रपो॒तात्र॑ये श॒तदु॑रेषु गातु॒वित् | स॒सेन॑ चिद्विम॒दाया॑वहो॒ वस्वा॒जावद्रिं॑ वावसा॒नस्य॑ न॒र्तय॑न् ||
tváṁ gotrám áṅgirobhyo 'vr̥ṇor ápotā́traye śatádureṣu gātuvít saséna cid vimadā́yāvaho vásv ājā́v ádriṁ vāvasānásya nartáyan
You, Indra, opened up the cow-pens for the Angirasas and made a way for Atri. You helped Vimada with wealth and made your bolt dance in battles. You are the one who finds paths through difficult places.
This verse directly addresses Indra, acknowledging his powerful actions in the past. It highlights how he opened up the 'caves' or enclosures containing riches (like cows) for the Angirasas, a priestly clan, and created a path for the sage Atri to escape a difficult situation. Indra is also credited with helping Vimada by providing him with wealth, and his bolt is described as dancing in his battles against enemies.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वं गोत्रं अङ्गिरेभ्यो अवृणोः अपा tvám gotrám áṅgirobhyaḥ avr̥ṇoḥ ápa (12 syllables)
- B. उता अत्रये शतदुरेषु गातुविद् utá átraye śatádureṣu gātuvít (12 syllables)
- C. ससेन चित् विमदाय अवहो वसु saséna cit vimadā́ya avahaḥ vásu (12 syllables)
- D. आजौ अद्रिं वावसानस्य नर्त्तयन् ājaú ádrim vāvasānásya nartáyan (12 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
गोत्रं (gotrám)
cow-pen/enclosure
अङ्गिरेभ्यो (áṅgirobhyaḥ)
for the Angirasas
अवृणोः (avr̥ṇoḥ)
you opened
अपा (ápa)
away
उता (utá)
and
अत्रये (átraye)
for Atri
शतदुरेषु (śatádureṣu)
through a hundred doors
गातुविद् (gātuvít)
path-finder
ससेन (saséna)
with strength/power
चित् (cit)
indeed
विमदाय (vimadā́ya)
for Vimada
अवहो (avahaḥ)
you carried/brought
वसु (vásu)
wealth
आजौ (ājaú)
in battle
अद्रिं (ádrim)
bolt/weapon
वावसानस्य (vāvasānásya)
of the sacrificer
नर्त्तयन् (nartáyan)
making dance
Stanza 1.51.4
त्वम॒पाम॑पि॒धाना॑वृणो॒रपाधा॑रयः॒ पर्व॑ते॒ दानु॑म॒द्वसु॑ | वृ॒त्रं यदि॑न्द्र॒ शव॒साव॑धी॒रहि॒मादित्सूर्यं॑ दि॒व्यारो॑हयो दृ॒शे ||
tvám apā́m apidhā́nāvr̥ṇor ápā́dhārayaḥ párvate dā́numad vásu vr̥tráṁ yád indra śávasā́vadhīr áhim ā́d ít sū́ryaṁ divy ā́rohayo dr̥śé
You, Indra, opened the barriers of the waters and held treasure in the mountain. When you killed Vritra with your strength, you then raised the Sun in the sky for everyone to see.
This verse continues to praise Indra's powerful deeds, specifically his role in releasing the life-giving waters and securing wealth. It states that Indra opened up the 'prisons' of the waters and seized valuable treasures hidden in the mountains. The highlight is his epic battle against Vritra, the serpent who hoarded the waters, whom Indra slayed with his immense strength. After this victory, Indra brought the sun back into the sky, making it visible for all to see.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वं अपां अपिधाना अवृणोः अपा tvám apā́m apidhā́nā avr̥ṇoḥ ápa (12 syllables)
- B. अधारयः पर्वते दानुमत् वसु ádhārayaḥ párvate dā́numat vásu (12 syllables)
- C. वृत्रं यत् इन्द्र शवसा अवधीः अहिं vr̥trám yát indra śávasā ávadhīḥ áhim (12 syllables)
- D. आत इत् सूर्य दिवि आ अरोहयः दृशे ā́t ít sū́ryam diví ā́ arohayaḥ dr̥śé (12 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
अपां (apā́m)
of the waters
अपिधाना (apidhā́nā)
barriers/covers
अवृणोः (avr̥ṇoḥ)
you opened
अपा (ápa)
away
अधारयः (ádhārayaḥ)
you held/secured
पर्वते (párvate)
in the mountain
दानुमत् (dā́numat)
rich in gifts
वसु (vásu)
wealth
वृत्रं (vr̥trám)
Vritra (the obstacle/serpent)
यत् (yát)
when
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
शवसा (śávasā)
with strength
अवधीः (ávadhīḥ)
you killed
अहिं (áhim)
serpent/dragon
आत (ā́t)
then
इत् (ít)
indeed
सूर्य (sū́ryam)
Sun
दिवि (diví)
in the sky
आ (ā́)
up
अरोहयः (arohayaḥ)
you raised
दृशे (dr̥śé)
to be seen
Stanza 1.51.5
त्वं मा॒याभि॒रप॑ मा॒यिनो॑ऽधमः स्व॒धाभि॒र्ये अधि॒ शुप्ता॒वजु॑ह्वत | त्वं पिप्रो॑र्नृमणः॒ प्रारु॑जः॒ पुरः॒ प्र ऋ॒जिश्वा॑नं दस्यु॒हत्ये॑ष्वाविथ ||
tvám māyā́bhir ápa māyíno 'dhamaḥ svadhā́bhir yé ádhi śúptāv ájuhvata tvám pípror nr̥maṇaḥ prā́rujaḥ púraḥ prá r̥jíśvānaṁ dasyuhátyeṣv āvitha
You, Indra, powerfully drove away those who used magic and trickery. You also dealt with those who invoked you falsely. You shattered the forts of Pipru and helped Rijisvana in his battles against the Dasyus.
This verse continues to detail Indra's prowess in battling and overcoming adversaries, particularly those who use deceptive or false means. It states that Indra used his powerful abilities to push away those who practiced magic and deception. He also dealt with those who invoked him insincerely or mockingly. The stanza then highlights his destructive power against fortified enemies, like Pipru, and his role in helping allies like Rijisvana in their battles against the Dasyus (enemies).
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वं मायाभिः अप मािनः अधमः tvám māyā́bhiḥ ápa māyínaḥ adhamaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. स्वधाभिः ये अधि शुप्तौ अजुह्वत svadhā́bhiḥ yé ádhi śúptau ájuhvata (12 syllables)
- C. त्वं पित्रोः नृमणः प्र अरुजः पुरः tvám píproḥ nr̥maṇaḥ prá arujaḥ púraḥ (12 syllables)
- D. प्र ऋजिश्वानं दस्युहत्त्येषु आवित prá r̥jíśvānam dasyuhátyeṣu āvitha (12 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
मायाभिः (māyā́bhiḥ)
with magic/illusions
अप (ápa)
away
मािनः (māyínaḥ)
sorcerers/deceivers
अधमः (adhamaḥ)
you pushed/blew
स्वधाभिः (svadhā́bhiḥ)
with powers/offerings
ये (yé)
those who
अधि (ádhi)
upon/regarding
शुप्तौ (śúptau)
in sleep/ignorance
अजुह्वत (ájuhvata)
invoked/called upon
त्वं (tvám)
you
पित्रोः (píproḥ)
of Pipru
नृमणः (nr̥maṇaḥ)
hero-hearted one
प्र (prá)
forth
अरुजः (arujaḥ)
you broke
पुरः (púraḥ)
forts
प्र (prá)
forth
ऋजिश्वानं (r̥jíśvānam)
Rijisvana (an ally)
दस्युहत्त्येषु (dasyuhátyeṣu)
in the killing of Dasyus (enemies)
आवित (āvitha)
you helped
Stanza 1.51.6
त्वं कुत्सं॑ शुष्ण॒हत्ये॑ष्वावि॒थार॑न्धयोऽतिथि॒ग्वाय॒ शम्ब॑रम् | म॒हान्तं॑ चिदर्बु॒दं नि क्र॑मीः प॒दा स॒नादे॒व द॑स्यु॒हत्या॑य जज्ञिषे ||
tváṁ kútsaṁ śuṣṇahátyeṣv āvithā́randhayo 'tithigvā́ya śámbaram mahā́ntaṁ cid arbudáṁ ní kramīḥ padā́ sanā́d evá dasyuhátyāya jajñiṣe
You saved Kutsa when Shushna was defeated and gave Shambara to Atithigva. You easily crushed the great Arbudu. You were born from the beginning to defeat the Dasyus.
This verse continues to praise Indra's role as a protector and vanquisher of enemies, particularly highlighting his ancient and innate capability for battle. It mentions how he saved Kutsa during the defeat of Shushna, and gave the enemy Shambara to Atithigva. The stanza emphasizes Indra's power by stating he crushed the formidable Arbudu with just a step. It concludes by declaring that Indra was born long ago specifically for the purpose of defeating the Dasyus.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वं कुत्स शुष्णहत्त्येषु आवित tvám kútsam śuṣṇahátyeṣu āvitha (12 syllables)
- B. अरन्धयः अतिथिग्वाय शम्बरं árandhayaḥ atithigvā́ya śámbaram (12 syllables)
- C. महान्तं चित् अर्बुदं नि कमीः पदा mahā́ntam cit arbudám ní kramīḥ padā́ (12 syllables)
- D. सनात् एव दस्युहत्याय जज्ञिषे sanā́t evá dasyuhátyāya jajñiṣe (12 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
कुत्स (kútsam)
Kutsa (a sage)
शुष्णहत्त्येषु (śuṣṇahátyeṣu)
in the slaying of Shushna
आवित (āvitha)
you protected
अरन्धयः (árandhayaḥ)
you made powerless/submitted
अतिथिग्वाय (atithigvā́ya)
for Atithigva
शम्बरं (śámbaram)
Shambara (an enemy)
महान्तं (mahā́ntam)
great/mighty
चित् (cit)
even
अर्बुदं (arbudám)
Arbudu (a demon)
नि (ní)
down
कमीः (kramīḥ)
you stepped/trod
पदा (padā́)
with a foot/step
सनात् (sanā́t)
from the beginning/of old
एव (evá)
indeed/so
दस्युहत्याय (dasyuhátyāya)
for the killing of Dasyus
जज्ञिषे (jajñiṣe)
you were born
Stanza 1.51.7
त्वे विश्वा॒ तवि॑षी स॒ध्र्य॑ग्घि॒ता तव॒ राधः॑ सोमपी॒थाय॑ हर्षते | तव॒ वज्र॑श्चिकिते बा॒ह्वोर्हि॒तो वृ॒श्चा शत्रो॒रव॒ विश्वा॑नि॒ वृष्ण्या॑ ||
tvé víśvā táviṣī sadhryàg ghitā́ táva rā́dhaḥ somapīthā́ya harṣate táva vájraś cikite bāhvór hitó vr̥ścā́ śátror áva víśvāni vŕ̥ṣṇyā
All power and strength are gathered in you, Indra. Your generous spirit delights in drinking Soma. Your thunderbolt is known to be in your arms; use it to destroy all the strength of the enemy.
This verse celebrates Indra as the embodiment of all power and might. It states that all strength and energy are contained within him. His generosity and spirit are said to rejoice in drinking the Soma juice, a crucial ritual offering. The verse mentions that his thunderbolt, a symbol of his power, is known to be held in his arms. It then calls upon Indra to use this mighty weapon to destroy the power and strength of the enemy.
Meter: Jagati
- A. त्वे विश्वा तविषी सध्र्यक् हिता tvé víśvā táviṣī sadhryàk hitā́ (12 syllables)
- B. तव राधः सोमपीथाय हर्षते táva rā́dhaḥ somapīthā́ya harṣate (12 syllables)
- C. तव वज्रः चिकिते बाह्वोः हितः táva vájraḥ cikite bāhvóḥ hitáḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वृश्च शत्रोः अवा विश्वा वृष्या vr̥ścá + śátroḥ áva víśvāni vŕ̥ṣṇyā (12 syllables)
त्वे (tvé)
in you
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
तविषी (táviṣī)
power/strength
सध्र्यक् (sadhryàk)
together/closely
हिता (hitā́)
placed/gathered
तव (táva)
your
राधः (rā́dhaḥ)
gift/generosity
सोमपीथाय (somapīthā́ya)
for drinking Soma
हर्षते (harṣate)
rejoices
तव (táva)
your
वज्रः (vájraḥ)
thunderbolt
चिकिते (cikite)
is known/perceived
बाह्वोः (bāhvóḥ)
in the arms
हितः (hitáḥ)
placed/lodged
वृश्च (vr̥ścá +)
cut/strike down
शत्रोः (śátroḥ)
of the enemy
अवा (áva)
down
विश्वा (víśvāni)
all
वृष्या (vŕ̥ṣṇyā)
strength/manliness
Stanza 1.51.8
वि जा॑नी॒ह्यार्या॒न्ये च॒ दस्य॑वो ब॒र्हिष्म॑ते रन्धया॒ शास॑दव्र॒तान् | शाकी॑ भव॒ यज॑मानस्य चोदि॒ता विश्वेत्ता ते॑ सध॒मादे॑षु चाकन ||
ví jānīhy ā́ryān yé ca dásyavo barhíṣmate randhayā śā́sad avratā́n śā́kī bhava yájamānasya coditā́ víśvét tā́ te sadhamā́deṣu cākana
Indra, please distinguish between the noble Aryas and the lawless Dasyus. Punish the lawless ones and hand them over to the one who offers sacrifices. Be a strong supporter and inspirer for the sacrificer, as all these actions will be celebrated.
This verse is a direct plea and instruction to Indra to act with discernment and power. It urges him to distinguish between the Aryas (noble ones) and the Dasyus (enemies) and to bring the lawless ones under control, delivering them to the one who performs the rituals correctly. The verse calls upon Indra to be a strong supporter and motivator for the sacrificer, promising that all these actions will be appreciated and celebrated during the festivities.
Meter: Jagati
- A. वि जानीहि आर्यान् ये च दस्यवः ví jānīhi ā́ryān yé ca dásyavaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. बर्हिष्मते रन्धय शासत् अव्रतान् barhíṣmate randhaya + śā́sat avratā́n (12 syllables)
- C. शाकी भव यजमानस्य चोदिता śā́kī bhava yájamānasya coditā́ (12 syllables)
- D. विश्वा इत् ता ते सधमादेषु चाकन víśvā ít tā́ te sadhamā́deṣu cākana (12 syllables)
वि (ví)
apart/distinctly
जानीहि (jānīhi)
know/discern
आर्यान् (ā́ryān)
Aryas (noble ones)
ये (yé)
those who
च (ca)
and
दस्यवः (dásyavaḥ)
Dasyus (enemies/non-Aryans)
बर्हिष्मते (barhíṣmate)
to the one offering sacrifice
रन्धय (randhaya +)
make yield/subdue
शासत् (śā́sat)
punishing/ruling
अव्रतान् (avratā́n)
those without vows/lawless
शाकी (śā́kī)
powerful/capable
भव (bhava)
be
यजमानस्य (yájamānasya)
of the sacrificer
चोदिता (coditā́)
inspirer/motivator
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
इत् (ít)
indeed
ता (tā́)
these
ते (te)
your
सधमादेषु (sadhamā́deṣu)
in the gatherings/festivals
चाकन (cākana)
I have pleased/made glad
Stanza 1.51.9
अनु॑व्रताय र॒न्धय॒न्नप॑व्रताना॒भूभि॒रिन्द्रः॑ श्न॒थय॒न्नना॑भुवः | वृ॒द्धस्य॑ चि॒द्वर्ध॑तो॒ द्यामिन॑क्षतः॒ स्तवा॑नो व॒म्रो वि ज॑घान सं॒दिहः॑ ||
ánuvratāya randháyann ápavratān ābhū́bhir índraḥ śnatháyann ánābhuvaḥ vr̥ddhásya cid várdhato dyā́m ínakṣata stávāno vamró ví jaghāna saṁdíhaḥ
Indra makes the lawless yield to the righteous. He weakens those who are unstable. Praised by Indra, Vamra destroyed a great assembly aiming for the sky.
This verse describes Indra's consistent action of favoring the righteous and subduing the unrighteous. It states that Indra makes the wicked (those without proper conduct) yield to the one who follows the right path. He weakens and subdues those who are unstable or lacking in strength. The verse also mentions a specific instance where Vamra, praised by Indra, destroyed a great gathering of enemies who were aspiring to reach the heavens, indicating Indra's power through his allies.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अनुव्रताय रन्धयन् अपव्रतान् ánuvratāya randháyan ápavratān (12 syllables)
- B. आभूभिः इन्द्रः श्नथयन् अनाभुवः ābhū́bhiḥ índraḥ śnatháyan ánābhuvaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. वृद्धस्य चित् वर्धतः द्यां इणक्षतः vr̥ddhásya cit várdhataḥ dyā́m ínakṣataḥ (12 syllables)
- D. स्तवानः वम्रः वि जघान संदिहः stávānaḥ vamráḥ ví jaghāna saṃdíhaḥ (12 syllables)
अनुव्रताय (ánuvratāya)
to the one who follows vows/righteousness
रन्धयन् (randháyan)
causing to yield/subduing
अपव्रतान् (ápavratān)
those without vows/lawless
आभूभिः (ābhū́bhiḥ)
by the strong ones
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
श्नथयन् (śnatháyan)
weakening/crushing
अनाभुवः (ánābhuvaḥ)
those who are not strong/unstable
वृद्धस्य (vr̥ddhásya)
great/grown
चित् (cit)
even
वर्धतः (várdhataḥ)
growing/increasing
द्यां (dyā́m)
sky/heaven
इणक्षतः (ínakṣataḥ)
aspiring to/reaching for
स्तवानः (stávānaḥ)
being praised
वम्रः (vamráḥ)
Vamra (a warrior)
वि (ví)
apart
जघान (jaghāna)
he killed/destroyed
संदिहः (saṃdíhaḥ)
gatherings/assemblies
Stanza 1.51.10
तक्ष॒द्यत्त॑ उ॒शना॒ सह॑सा॒ सहो॒ वि रोद॑सी म॒ज्मना॑ बाधते॒ शवः॑ | आ त्वा॒ वात॑स्य नृमणो मनो॒युज॒ आ पूर्य॑माणमवहन्न॒भि श्रवः॑ ||
tákṣad yát ta uśánā sáhasā sáho ví ródasī majmánā bādhate śávaḥ ā́ tvā vā́tasya nr̥maṇo manoyúja ā́ pū́ryamāṇam avahann abhí śrávaḥ
The power that Ushanā formed with strength separates the two worlds with its greatness. O hero-souled Indra, horses yoked by thought carried you forward to fame, filled with strength.
This verse speaks of Indra's creative and destructive power, possibly referring to the wisdom gained from Ushanā. It describes a force, perhaps formed by Ushanā's wisdom and Indra's might, that can separate or push apart the two realms (heaven and earth). It then addresses Indra as a 'hero-souled one,' noting that the swiftly moving horses, yoked by thought, carried him forward, leading him to great fame and filling him with strength.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तक्षत् यत्त ते उशना सहसा सहो tákṣat yát te uśánā sáhasā sáhaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वि रोदसी मज्जना बाधते शवः ví ródasī majmánā bādhate śávaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. आ त्वा वात्स्य नृमणाः मनोयुजः ā́ tvā vā́tasya nr̥maṇaḥ manoyújaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. आ पूर्यमाणं अवहन् अभि श्रवः ā́ pū́ryamāṇam avahan abhí śrávaḥ (12 syllables)
तक्षत् (tákṣat)
fashioned/formed
यत्त (yát)
that which
ते (te)
for you
उशना (uśánā)
Ushana (a sage)
सहसा (sáhasā)
with strength
सहो (sáhaḥ)
strength
वि (ví)
apart
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth
मज्जना (majmánā)
with greatness
बाधते (bādhate)
pushes/presses
शवः (śávaḥ)
strength/power
आ (ā́)
towards
त्वा (tvā)
you
वात्स्य (vā́tasya)
of the wind
नृमणाः (nr̥maṇaḥ)
hero-souled one
मनोयुजः (manoyújaḥ)
yoked by thought
आ (ā́)
towards
पूर्यमाणं (pū́ryamāṇam)
being filled
अवहन् (avahan)
they carried
अभि (abhí)
towards
श्रवः (śrávaḥ)
fame/glory
Stanza 1.51.11
मन्दि॑ष्ट॒ यदु॒शने॑ का॒व्ये सचाँ॒ इन्द्रो॑ व॒ङ्कू व॑ङ्कु॒तराधि॑ तिष्ठति | उ॒ग्रो य॒यिं निर॒पः स्रोत॑सासृज॒द्वि शुष्ण॑स्य दृंहि॒ता ऐ॑रय॒त्पुरः॑ ||
mándiṣṭa yád uśáne kāvyé sácām̐ índro vaṅkū́ vaṅkutárā́dhi tiṣṭhati ugró yayíṁ nír apáḥ srótasāsr̥jad ví śúṣṇasya dr̥ṁhitā́ airayat púraḥ
Indra rejoiced with Ushana and Kavya, then stood upon his swift, rapidly moving steeds. The mighty Indra released his bolt, like a flow of water, and broke down the strong forts of Shushna.
This verse highlights Indra's joyous engagement with divine wisdom and his powerful actions. It mentions that Indra rejoiced with Ushana and Kavya, and then mounted his swift chariot. The powerful Indra is described as standing over his rapidly moving steeds. The verse then depicts Indra releasing his bolt, likened to a swift flow of water, and shattering the strong fortresses of the enemy Shushna.
Meter: Jagati
- A. मन्दिष्ट यत् उशने काव्ये सचा mándiṣṭa yát uśáne kāvyé sácā (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रः वङ्कू वङ्कुतरा अधि तिष्ठति índraḥ vaṅkū́ vaṅkutárā ádhi tiṣṭhati (12 syllables)
- C. उग्रः ययिं निस् अपः स्रोतसा असृजत् ugráḥ yayím nís apáḥ srótasā asr̥jat (12 syllables)
- D. वि शुष्णस्य दृंहिताः ऐरयत् पुरः ví śúṣṇasya dr̥ṃhitā́ḥ airayat púraḥ (12 syllables)
मन्दिष्ट (mándiṣṭa)
rejoiced
यत् (yát)
when
उशने (uśáne)
with Ushana
काव्ये (kāvyé)
with Kavya
सचा (sácā)
together
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
वङ्कू (vaṅkū́)
steeds
वङ्कुतरा (vaṅkutárā)
more rapidly moving
अधि (ádhi)
upon
तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati)
stands
उग्रः (ugráḥ)
mighty/powerful
ययिं (yayím)
swiftly moving one
निस् (nís)
out
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
स्रोतसा (srótasā)
with a flow
असृजत् (asr̥jat)
he released/emitted
वि (ví)
apart
शुष्णस्य (śúṣṇasya)
of Shushna
दृंहिताः (dr̥ṃhitā́ḥ)
firm/strong
ऐरयत् (airayat)
he rent/shattered
पुरः (púraḥ)
forts
Stanza 1.51.12
आ स्मा॒ रथं॑ वृष॒पाणे॑षु तिष्ठसि शार्या॒तस्य॒ प्रभृ॑ता॒ येषु॒ मन्द॑से | इन्द्र॒ यथा॑ सु॒तसो॑मेषु चा॒कनो॑ऽन॒र्वाणं॒ श्लोक॒मा रो॑हसे दि॒वि ||
ā́ smā ráthaṁ vr̥ṣapā́ṇeṣu tiṣṭhasi śāryātásya prábhr̥tā yéṣu mándase índra yáthā sutásomeṣu cākáno 'narvā́ṇaṁ ślókam ā́ rohase diví
You, Indra, stand on your chariot amidst the Soma offerings, which Sharayata provided and pleased you. When you are happy with those who press Soma, you ascend to unchallenged glory in the sky.
This verse describes Indra's presence and power during the Soma rituals. It states that Indra mounts his chariot amidst the exhilarating Soma drinks, suggesting he is present and active during these ceremonies. The verse mentions that Sharayata offered him these Soma offerings, which pleased him. It then addresses Indra, acknowledging that when he is pleased with those who press Soma, he ascends to a position of unchallenged glory and renown.
Meter: Jagati
- A. आ स्म रथं वृषपाणे तिष्ठसि ā́ sma + rátham vr̥ṣapā́ṇeṣu tiṣṭhasi (12 syllables)
- B. शार्यातस्य प्रभृता येषु मन्दसे śāryātásya prábhr̥tāḥ yéṣu mándase (12 syllables)
- C. इन्द्र यथा सुतसोमेषु चाकनः índra yáthā sutásomeṣu cākánaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अनर्वाणं श्लोकं आ रोहसे दिवि anarvā́ṇam ślókam ā́ rohase diví (12 syllables)
आ (ā́)
up
स्म (sma +)
indeed
रथं (rátham)
chariot
वृषपाणे (vr̥ṣapā́ṇeṣu)
among the strong Soma draughts
तिष्ठसि (tiṣṭhasi)
you stand/mount
शार्यातस्य (śāryātásya)
of Sharayata
प्रभृता (prábhr̥tāḥ)
offered/brought
येषु (yéṣu)
in which
मन्दसे (mándase)
you delight/rejoice
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
यथा (yáthā)
as/when
सुतसोमेषु (sutásomeṣu)
among those who press Soma
चाकनः (cākánaḥ)
you are pleased/happy
अनर्वाणं (anarvā́ṇam)
unhindered/unchallenged
श्लोकं (ślókam)
glory/fame
आ (ā́)
up
रोहसे (rohase)
you ascend
दिवि (diví)
in the sky
Stanza 1.51.13
अद॑दा॒ अर्भां॑ मह॒ते व॑च॒स्यवे॑ क॒क्षीव॑ते वृच॒यामि॑न्द्र सुन्व॒ते | मेना॑भवो वृषण॒श्वस्य॑ सुक्रतो॒ विश्वेत्ता ते॒ सव॑नेषु प्र॒वाच्या॑ ||
ádadā árbhām mahaté vacasyáve kakṣī́vate vr̥cayā́m indra sunvaté ménābhavo vr̥ṣaṇaśvásya sukrato víśvét tā́ te sávaneṣu pravā́cyā
You, Indra, gave the youthful Vr̥ichaya to the aged Kakshivan, who was pressing Soma and was skilled in songs. You, wise Indra, became Menā, the child of Vrishanasva. All these deeds of yours are to be celebrated in the Soma gatherings.
This verse praises Indra for his generous gifts and his divine support. It mentions that Indra gave a youthful 'Vr̥ichaya' to the aged sage Kakshivan, who was performing sacrifices and was skilled in songs. The verse also identifies Indra himself as Menā, the child of Vrishanasva, and a wise ruler. It concludes by stating that all these heroic deeds of Indra are worthy of being celebrated and spoken of during the Soma feasts.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अददाः अर्भां महते वचस्यवे ádadāḥ árbhām mahaté vacasyáve (12 syllables)
- B. कक्षीवते वृचया इन्द्र सुन्वते kakṣī́vate vr̥cayā́m indra sunvaté (12 syllables)
- C. मेना अभवो वृषणश्वस्य सुक्रतो ménā abhavaḥ vr̥ṣaṇaśvásya sukrato (12 syllables)
- D. विश्वा इत् ता ते सवनेषु प्रवाच्या víśvā ít tā́ te sávaneṣu pravā́cyā (12 syllables)
अददाः (ádadāḥ)
you gave
अर्भां (árbhām)
youthful one
महते (mahaté)
to the great
वचस्यवे (vacasyáve)
skilled in speech/songs
कक्षीवते (kakṣī́vate)
to Kakshivan
वृचया (vr̥cayā́m)
Vr̥ichaya (a person/offering)
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
सुन्वते (sunvaté)
to the one pressing Soma
मेना (ménā)
Menā (Indra's form/identity)
अभवो (abhavaḥ)
you became
वृषणश्वस्य (vr̥ṣaṇaśvásya)
of Vr̥ishanasva
सुक्रतो (sukrato)
O wise one
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
इत् (ít)
indeed
ता (tā́)
those
ते (te)
your
सवनेषु (sávaneṣu)
in the Soma pressings/feasts
प्रवाच्या (pravā́cyā)
worthy of being proclaimed
Stanza 1.51.14
इन्द्रो॑ अश्रायि सु॒ध्यो॑ निरे॒के प॒ज्रेषु॒ स्तोमो॒ दुर्यो॒ न यूपः॑ | अ॒श्व॒युर्ग॒व्यू र॑थ॒युर्व॑सू॒युरिन्द्र॒ इद्रा॒यः क्ष॑यति प्रय॒न्ता ||
índro aśrāyi sudhyò nireké pajréṣu stómo dúryo ná yū́paḥ aśvayúr gavyū́ rathayúr vasūyúr índra íd rāyáḥ kṣayati prayantā́
Indra is the refuge for the good person in need, firm like a pillar. He is praised among the people. Indra alone is the lord of wealth and giver, desiring horses, cows, chariots, and riches.
This verse portrays Indra as a reliable refuge and a steadfast protector. It says that Indra is the refuge for the 'good man' in times of difficulty. He is described as being firm and praised among certain groups (Pajras), like a strong doorpost or pillar. The verse then emphasizes Indra's unique position as the sole lord and giver of wealth, and his desire for horses, chariots, cows, and wealth, highlighting his role as a provider and leader.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्र अश्रायि सुध्यः निरेके índraḥ aśrāyi sudhyàḥ nireké (11 syllables)
- B. पज्रेषु स्तोम दुर्यः न यूपः pajréṣu stómaḥ dúryaḥ ná yū́paḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अश्वयुः गव्यूः रथयुः वसूयुः aśvayúḥ gavyúḥ rathayúḥ vasūyúḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र इत् रायः क्षयति प्रयन्ता índraḥ ít rāyáḥ kṣayati prayantā́ (11 syllables)
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
अश्रायि (aśrāyi)
is sought as refuge
सुध्यः (sudhyàḥ)
of the good person
निरेके (nireké)
in distress/need
पज्रेषु (pajréṣu)
among the Pajras (a group)
स्तोम (stómaḥ)
praise
दुर्यः (dúryaḥ)
like a doorpost
न (ná)
like
यूपः (yū́paḥ)
pillar/post
अश्वयुः (aśvayúḥ)
lover of horses
गव्यूः (gavyúḥ)
lover of cows
रथयुः (rathayúḥ)
lover of chariots
वसूयुः (vasūyúḥ)
lover of wealth
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
इत् (ít)
indeed
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of wealth
क्षयति (kṣayati)
rules/reigns
प्रयन्ता (prayantā́)
leader/giver
Stanza 1.51.15
इ॒दं नमो॑ वृष॒भाय॑ स्व॒राजे॑ स॒त्यशु॑ष्माय त॒वसे॑ऽवाचि | अ॒स्मिन्नि॑न्द्र वृ॒जने॒ सर्व॑वीराः॒ स्मत्सू॒रिभि॒स्तव॒ शर्म॑न्त्स्याम ||
idáṁ námo vr̥ṣabhā́ya svarā́je satyáśuṣmāya taváse 'vāci asmínn indra vr̥jáne sárvavīrāḥ smát sūríbhis táva śárman syāma
This praise is offered to Indra, the mighty, self-ruling, and truly strong one. O Indra, may we, with all our heroes and leaders, be in your protection and strength in this realm.
This final verse is a concluding prayer and offering of praise to Indra. It declares that homage is being offered to Indra, who is described as mighty, self-ruling, and possessing true strength. The verse then expresses a wish for the sacrificers and all their heroic followers to be under Indra's protection and care within his domain, especially during the Soma rituals. It's a plea for safety and well-being under divine guardianship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इदं नमो वृषभाय स्वराजे idám námaḥ vr̥ṣabhā́ya svarā́je (11 syllables)
- B. सत्यशुष्माय तवसे अवाचि satyáśuṣmāya taváse avāci (11 syllables)
- C. अस्मिन् इन्द्र वृजने सर्ववीराः asmín indra vr̥jáne sárvavīrāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. स्मत् सूरिभिः तव शर्मन् श्याम smát sūríbhiḥ táva śárman syāma (11 syllables)
इदं (idám)
this
नमो (námaḥ)
homage/praise
वृषभाय (vr̥ṣabhā́ya)
to the mighty one
स्वराजे (svarā́je)
self-ruling one
सत्यशुष्माय (satyáśuṣmāya)
possessing true strength
तवसे (taváse)
to the powerful one
अवाचि (avāci)
is spoken/declared
अस्मिन् (asmín)
in this
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
वृजने (vr̥jáne)
in the realm/domain
सर्ववीराः (sárvavīrāḥ)
all heroes
स्मत् (smát)
with us
सूरिभिः (sūríbhiḥ)
with leaders/sponsors
तव (táva)
your
शर्मन् (śárman)
in the protection/shelter
श्याम (syāma)
may we be