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Stanza 1.45.1
त्वम॑ग्ने॒ वसूँ॑रि॒ह रु॒द्राँ आ॑दि॒त्याँ उ॒त | यजा॑ स्वध्व॒रं जनं॒ मनु॑जातं घृत॒प्रुष॑म् ||
tvám agne vásūm̐r ihá rudrā́m̐ ādityā́m̐ utá yájā svadhvaráṁ jánam mánujātaṁ ghr̥taprúṣam
Hey Agni, our amazing host! Please accept the offerings here for the Vasus, Rudras, and Adityas. You're the one who makes sure everything runs smoothly, bringing together all these divine beings, descended from Manu, who are skilled in rituals and shower blessings.
In this verse, the prayer is directed to the fire god Agni, asking him to receive offerings and sacrifices. It's like inviting honored guests to a feast, where Agni is the host who makes sure everyone, including the Vasus, Rudras, and Adityas (different groups of divine beings), are welcomed and catered to. The stanza emphasizes Agni's role in organizing this divine gathering, ensuring it's well-conducted and pleasing.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. त्वम् अग्ने वसून् इह tvám agne vásūn ihá (8 syllables)
- B. रुद्रान् आदित्यान् उत rudrā́n ādityā́n utá (8 syllables)
- C. यज स्वध्वरं जनं yája + svadhvarám jánam (8 syllables)
- D. मनुजातं घृतप्रुषं mánujātam ghr̥taprúṣam (8 syllables)
त्वम् (tvám)
you
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni (fire god)
वसून् (vásūn)
the Vasus (a class of celestial beings)
इह (ihá)
here
रुद्रान् (rudrā́n)
the Rudras (another class of deities)
आदित्यान् (ādityā́n)
the Adityas (a group of solar deities)
उत (utá)
and
यज (yája +)
sacrifice, worship
स्वध्वरं (svadhvarám)
well-sacrificing, performing good rituals
जनं (jánam)
people, beings
मनुजातं (mánujātam)
born of Manu, human lineage
घृतप्रुषं (ghr̥taprúṣam)
sprinkling ghee, bestowing blessings
Stanza 1.45.2
श्रु॒ष्टी॒वानो॒ हि दा॒शुषे॑ दे॒वा अ॑ग्ने॒ विचे॑तसः | तान्रो॑हिदश्व गिर्वण॒स्त्रय॑स्त्रिंशत॒मा व॑ह ||
śruṣṭīvā́no hí dāśúṣe devā́ agne vícetasaḥ tā́n rohidaśva girvaṇas tráyastriṁśatam ā́ vaha
Hey Agni, you who have magnificent red horses and love our praise! The wise gods are truly ready to listen to the people who offer sacrifices. So, please bring those thirty-three gods here to us!
This verse highlights the gods' attentiveness to those who offer sacrifices. It calls upon Agni, who is described with the epithet "Lord of Red Horses" and "Lover of Songs," to bring forth the "Thirty-three" gods (a common designation for the pantheon). The emphasis is on Agni's role as a divine messenger and facilitator, ensuring that the prayers and offerings of the devotees reach the gods, who are presented as wise and ready to listen.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. श्रुष्टीवानः हि दाशुषे śruṣṭīvā́naḥ hí dāśúṣe (8 syllables)
- B. देवाः अग्ने विचेतसः devā́ḥ agne vícetasaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तान रोहिदश्व गिर्वणः tā́n rohidaśva girvaṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. त्रयस्त्रिंशतं आ वह tráyastriṃśatam ā́ vaha (8 syllables)
श्रुष्टीवानः (śruṣṭīvā́naḥ)
attentive, ready to listen
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
दाशुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the worshipper, to the giver
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
the gods
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
विचेतसः (vícetasaḥ)
wise, discerning
तान (tā́n)
them
रोहिदश्व (rohidaśva)
O Lord of red horses
गिर्वणः (girvaṇaḥ)
O lover of songs/praises
त्रयस्त्रिंशतं (tráyastriṃśatam)
the thirty-three (gods)
आ (ā́)
hither, towards
वह (vaha)
bring
Stanza 1.45.3
प्रि॒य॒मे॒ध॒वद॑त्रि॒वज्जात॑वेदो विरूप॒वत् | अ॒ङ्गि॒र॒स्वन्म॑हिव्रत॒ प्रस्क॑ण्वस्य श्रुधी॒ हव॑म् ||
priyamedhavád atriváj jā́tavedo virūpavát aṅgirasván mahivrata práskaṇvasya śrudhī hávam
O Jâtavedas, Agni, who knows everything and keeps great vows! Please listen to our call now, just like you listened to Priyamedha, Atri, Virupa, and Angiras in the past. We're calling out to you!
This verse is a direct appeal to Agni, identified as "Jâtavedas" (Knower of all births) and "Mahivrata" (One of great vows). The speaker asks Agni to listen to their call, just as he has heard and responded to the calls of ancient sages like Priyamedha, Atri, Virupa, and Angiras. This emphasizes Agni's consistent and reliable responsiveness to sincere prayers throughout time.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. प्रियमेधवत् अत्रि priyamedhavát atrivát (8 syllables)
- B. जातवेदः विरूपवत् jā́tavedaḥ virūpavát (8 syllables)
- C. अङ्गिरस्वत् महि aṅgirasvát mahivrata (8 syllables)
- D. प्रस्कण्वस्य श्रुधी हवं práskaṇvasya śrudhi + hávam (8 syllables)
प्रियमेधवत् (priyamedhavát)
like Priyamedha
अत्रि (atrivát)
like Atri
जातवेदः (jā́tavedaḥ)
O Jâtavedas (Knower of all births)
विरूपवत् (virūpavát)
like Virupa
अङ्गिरस्वत् (aṅgirasvát)
like Angiras
महि (mahivrata)
O performer of great vows
प्रस्कण्वस्य (práskaṇvasya)
of Praskaṇva
श्रुधी (śrudhi +)
hear!
हवं (hávam)
the call, invocation
Stanza 1.45.4
महि॑केरव ऊ॒तये॑ प्रि॒यमे॑धा अहूषत | राज॑न्तमध्व॒राणा॑म॒ग्निं शु॒क्रेण॑ शो॒चिषा॑ ||
máhikerava ūtáye priyámedhā ahūṣata rā́jantam adhvarā́ṇām agníṁ śukréṇa śocíṣā
The Mahikerus and the wise sons of Priyamedha called out for help! They invoked Agni, who brightly shines and rules over all the rituals, asking for his radiant presence.
This verse describes the actions of two groups, the Mahikerus and the sons of Priyamedha. They have called upon Agni for help and protection. Agni is depicted as the radiant ruler of all rituals, shining brightly. The verse highlights the act of invoking Agni for support, emphasizing his power and brilliance in overseeing sacred ceremonies.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. महि ऊतये máhikeravaḥ ūtáye (8 syllables)
- B. प्रियमेधाः आहूषत priyámedhāḥ ahūṣata (8 syllables)
- C. राजन्तं अध rā́jantam adhvarā́ṇām (8 syllables)
- D. अग्निम् शु शोचिषा agním śukréṇa śocíṣā (8 syllables)
महि (máhikeravaḥ)
the Mahikerus (a group of sages or performers)
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for help, for protection
प्रियमेधाः (priyámedhāḥ)
the sons of Priyamedha
आहूषत (ahūṣata)
they called, invoked
राजन्तं (rā́jantam)
ruling, presiding over
अध (adhvarā́ṇām)
of the sacrifices, of the rituals
अग्निम् (agním)
Agni
शु (śukréṇa)
with bright
शोचिषा (śocíṣā)
with radiance, with flame
Stanza 1.45.5
घृता॑हवन सन्त्ये॒मा उ॒ षु श्रु॑धी॒ गिरः॑ | याभिः॒ कण्व॑स्य सू॒नवो॒ हव॒न्तेऽव॑से त्वा ||
ghŕ̥tāhavana santyemā́ u ṣú śrudhī gíraḥ yā́bhiḥ káṇvasya sūnávo hávanté 'vase tvā
O Agni, to whom ghee is offered, and who is so generous! Please listen closely to these hymns we are singing. These are the same kind of praises the sons of Kanva used when they called you for help.
This verse is a plea to Agni, addressed as "Ghrtāhavana" (He to whom ghee-offerings are made) and "Santya" (Bountiful or Near). The speaker asks Agni to listen to these hymns of praise, just as the sons of Kanva have invoked him for protection using similar words. It emphasizes the importance of attentive listening by Agni to the prayers offered through these verses.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. घृताहवन सन्त्य ghŕ̥tāhavana santya (8 syllables)
- B. इमाः उ सु श्रुधी गिरः imā́ḥ u sú śrudhi + gíraḥ (8 syllables)
- C. याभिः कण्वस्य सूनवः yā́bhiḥ káṇvasya sūnávaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. हवन्ते अवसे त्वा hávante ávase tvā (8 syllables)
घृताहवन (ghŕ̥tāhavana)
O one to whom ghee-offerings are made
सन्त्य (santya)
O generous one, O near one
इमाः (imā́ḥ)
these
उ (u)
indeed
सु (sú)
well, truly
श्रुधी (śrudhi +)
hear!
गिरः (gíraḥ)
the hymns, praises
याभिः (yā́bhiḥ)
by which, with which
कण्वस्य (káṇvasya)
of Kanva
सूनवः (sūnávaḥ)
the sons
हवन्ते (hávante)
they invoke
अवसे (ávase)
for protection, for help
त्वा (tvā)
you
Stanza 1.45.6
त्वां चि॑त्रश्रवस्तम॒ हव॑न्ते वि॒क्षु ज॒न्तवः॑ | शो॒चिष्के॑शं पुरुप्रि॒याग्ने॑ ह॒व्याय॒ वोळ्ह॑वे ||
tvā́ṁ citraśravastama hávante vikṣú jantávaḥ śocíṣkeśam purupriyā́gne havyā́ya vóḷhave
O Agni, most famous and loved by so many! People everywhere call on you, whose hair is like a bright flame. We call you, O Purupriya Agni, to carry our offerings to the gods!
This verse addresses Agni as "Citraśravastama" (most wondrous in fame) and "Purupriya" (beloved by many). It states that people, the "Jantavah" (beings, mortals), invoke him within their communities ("Vikshu"). They call upon Agni, who has a flame-like hair ("Śociskeśa"), to carry their offerings ("Havya") to the divine realm. It highlights Agni's fame, popularity, and function as a divine messenger for human sacrifices.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. त्वां चित्रश्रवस्तम tvā́m citraśravastama (8 syllables)
- B. हवन्ते विक्षु hávante vikṣú jantávaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. शोचि पुरुप्रिय śocíṣkeśam purupriya (8 syllables)
- D. अग्ने हव्याय वोळ्हवे ágne havyā́ya vóḷhave (8 syllables)
त्वां (tvā́m)
you
चित्रश्रवस्तम (citraśravastama)
O most wondrous in fame
हवन्ते (hávante)
they invoke
विक्षु (vikṣú)
in the communities, among the people
(jantávaḥ)
the beings, mortals
शोचि (śocíṣkeśam)
O flame-haired
पुरुप्रिय (purupriya)
O beloved by many
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
हव्याय (havyā́ya)
for the offering
वोळ्हवे (vóḷhave)
to carry
Stanza 1.45.7
नि त्वा॒ होता॑रमृ॒त्विजं॑ दधि॒रे व॑सु॒वित्त॑मम् | श्रुत्क॑र्णं स॒प्रथ॑स्तमं॒ विप्रा॑ अग्ने॒ दिवि॑ष्टिषु ||
ní tvā hótāram r̥tvíjaṁ dadhiré vasuvíttamam śrútkarṇaṁ sapráthastamaṁ víprā agne díviṣṭiṣu
The wise priests have appointed you, Agni, as the main priest (Hotar) and ritual officiant (Ṛtvij). You are the best at gaining wealth, have attentive ears, and are the most widely celebrated! You are essential for us in our sacred activities.
This verse establishes Agni's crucial role in ritualistic practices. The "Vipraḥ" (seers or priests) have appointed Agni as their "Hotaram" (invoker/priest) and "Ṛtvijam" (officiant priest). He is described as "Vasuvittamam" (best acquirer of wealth), "Śrutkarṇam" (attentive-eared), and "Saprasthastamam" (most widely famed). The verse emphasizes Agni's multifaceted importance as a divine priest who facilitates wealth and is highly renowned and responsive during sacred activities.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. नि त्वा होतारं ऋत्विजं ní tvā hótāram r̥tvíjam (8 syllables)
- B. दधिरे वसुवित्तमं dadhiré vasuvíttamam (8 syllables)
- C. श्रुत्कर्णं सप्रथस्तमं śrútkarṇam sapráthastamam (8 syllables)
- D. विप्राः अग्ने दिविष्टिषु víprāḥ agne díviṣṭiṣu (8 syllables)
नि (ní)
down, in
त्वा (tvā)
you
होतारं (hótāram)
the invoker, the priest
ऋत्विजं (r̥tvíjam)
the ritual officiant
दधिरे (dadhiré)
they have placed, established
वसुवित्तमं (vasuvíttamam)
the best acquirer of wealth
श्रुत्कर्णं (śrútkarṇam)
attentive-eared
सप्रथस्तमं (sapráthastamam)
most widely famed or extended
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
the seers, the priests
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
दिविष्टिषु (díviṣṭiṣu)
in striving for the divine, in sacred rites
Stanza 1.45.8
आ त्वा॒ विप्रा॑ अचुच्यवुः सु॒तसो॑मा अ॒भि प्रयः॑ | बृ॒हद्भा बिभ्र॑तो ह॒विरग्ने॒ मर्ता॑य दा॒शुषे॑ ||
ā́ tvā víprā acucyavuḥ sutásomā abhí práyaḥ br̥hád bhā́ bíbhrato havír ágne mártāya dāśúṣe
O Agni, you who bring great light! The priests, after preparing the Soma, have made you hurry to the feast. Carrying the offering, you come to help the mortal worshipper.
This verse describes how the "Vipraḥ" (seers), having pressed Soma juice ("Sutastomāḥ"), have urged Agni forward to the "prayaḥ" (feast or offering). Agni is characterized as bringing great light ("br̥hadbhāḥ") and carrying the offering ("havih"). The verse emphasizes the active role of the priests in summoning Agni, who then comes to assist the mortal sacrificer ("martāya dāśuse").
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. आ त्वा विप्राः अचुच्यवुः ā́ tvā víprāḥ acucyavuḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सुतसोमाः अभि प्रयः sutásomāḥ abhí práyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. बृ भाः बिभ्रतः हविः br̥hát bhā́ḥ bíbhrataḥ havíḥ (8 syllables)
- D. अग्ने मर्ताय दाशुषे ágne mártāya dāśúṣe (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
hither
त्वा (tvā)
you
विप्राः (víprāḥ)
the seers, priests
अचुच्यवुः (acucyavuḥ)
they have caused to move, urged forward
सुतसोमाः (sutásomāḥ)
having pressed Soma
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्रयः (práyaḥ)
the feast, offering
बृ (br̥hát)
great
भाः (bhā́ḥ)
light
बिभ्रतः (bíbhrataḥ)
carrying
हविः (havíḥ)
the offering
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
मर्ताय (mártāya)
for the mortal
दाशुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the worshipper
Stanza 1.45.9
प्रा॒त॒र्याव्णः॑ सहस्कृत सोम॒पेया॑य सन्त्य | इ॒हाद्य दैव्यं॒ जनं॑ ब॒र्हिरा सा॑दया वसो ||
prātaryā́vṇaḥ sahaskr̥ta somapéyāya santya ihā́dyá daívyaṁ jánam barhír ā́ sādayā vaso
O Agni, born of great strength and always near! Please invite the divine beings who come early in the morning to sit here on the sacred grass with us today. They are here to drink the Soma juice.
This verse is an invitation to the divine beings to be seated on the sacred grass for the Soma feast. Agni is urged, as "Sahaskrta" (made by strength) and "Santya" (near/generous), to seat the "Pratar-yavanah" (those who come in the morning) and the "Daivyam Janam" (divine host) on the "Barhis" (sacred grass). The purpose is "Somapeyaya" (for drinking Soma). It emphasizes the ritualistic preparation and invitation for the gods' participation.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. प्रातर्याव್ಣः सह prātaryā́vṇaḥ sahaskr̥ta (8 syllables)
- B. सोमपेयाय सन्त्य somapéyāya santya (8 syllables)
- C. इह अद्य दैव्यं जनं ihá adyá daívyam jánam (8 syllables)
- D. बर्हिः आ साद वसो barhíḥ ā́ sādaya + vaso (8 syllables)
प्रातर्याव್ಣः (prātaryā́vṇaḥ)
those coming early in the morning
सह (sahaskr̥ta)
O made by strength, O powerful
सोमपेयाय (somapéyāya)
for drinking Soma
सन्त्य (santya)
O generous one, O near one
इह (ihá)
here
अद्य (adyá)
today
दैव्यं (daívyam)
divine
जनं (jánam)
host, company
बर्हिः (barhíḥ)
sacred grass
आ (ā́)
down
साद (sādaya +)
make sit, seat
वसो (vaso)
O Vasu (dweller, substance, name of Agni)
Stanza 1.45.10
अ॒र्वाञ्चं॒ दैव्यं॒ जन॒मग्ने॒ यक्ष्व॒ सहू॑तिभिः | अ॒यं सोमः॑ सुदानव॒स्तं पा॑त ति॒रोअ॑ह्न्यम् ||
arvā́ñcaṁ daívyaṁ jánam ágne yákṣva sáhūtibhiḥ ayáṁ sómaḥ sudānavas tám pāta tiróahnyam
O Agni, please offer the approaching divine beings with our combined prayers! This Soma is here, O generous gods. Please drink it, even the portion that's been kept overnight.
This final verse implores Agni to "Yaksha" (sacrifice or offer) to the "Arvanchan" (approaching) "Daivyam Janam" (divine host) with "Sahūti" (joined invocations/efforts). It presents the Soma as ready and asks the "Sudānavah" (generous gods) to drink it, specifically the "Tiro'hnyam" (that which is kept overnight or beyond the day). It's a call for collective divine participation in the Soma offering facilitated by Agni.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. अर्वाञ्चं दैव्यं जनं arvā́ñcam daívyam jánam (8 syllables)
- B. अग्ने यक्ष्व सह ágne yákṣva sáhūtibhiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अयं सोमः सुदानवः ayám sómaḥ sudānavaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. तं पात तिरोअह्न tám pāta tiróahnyam (8 syllables)
अर्वाञ्चं (arvā́ñcam)
approaching, coming towards
दैव्यं (daívyam)
divine
जनं (jánam)
host, company
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
यक्ष्व (yákṣva)
sacrifice, offer homage
सह (sáhūtibhiḥ)
with combined invocations/efforts
अयं (ayám)
this
सोमः (sómaḥ)
Soma (the ritual drink)
सुदानवः (sudānavaḥ)
O generous ones (gods)
तं (tám)
it
पात (pāta)
drink!
तिरोअह्न (tiróahnyam)
kept overnight, beyond the day