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Stanza 1.40.1
उत्ति॑ष्ठ ब्रह्मणस्पते देव॒यन्त॑स्त्वेमहे | उप॒ प्र य॑न्तु म॒रुतः॑ सु॒दान॑व॒ इन्द्र॑ प्रा॒शूर्भ॑वा॒ सचा॑ ||
út tiṣṭha brahmaṇas pate devayántas tvemahe úpa prá yantu marútaḥ sudā́nava índra prāśū́r bhavā sácā
Wake up, Brahmanaspati! We who worship gods are calling you. May the generous Maruts come to us. And Indra, be swift and join us!
This verse is a call to action for the deity Brahmanaspati, asking him to wake up and listen to the prayers of those who worship gods. It also invites the Maruts, known for their generosity, to join them. Finally, it calls upon Indra, the chief of the gods, to be swift and present with them.
Meter: Brhati
- A. उत्ति॑ ति॒ष्ठ ब्रह्मणः पते út tiṣṭha brahmaṇaḥ pate (8 syllables)
- B. देव॒यन्त॑ त्वा इ॒महे devayántaḥ tvā īmahe (8 syllables)
- C. उप प्र यन्तु म॒रुतः॑ सु॒दान॑व úpa prá yantu marútaḥ sudā́navaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र प्रा॒शू भ॑वा स॒चा índra prāśū́ḥ bhava + sácā (8 syllables)
उत्ति॑ (út)
up
ति॒ष्ठ (tiṣṭha)
stand up
ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati (lord of prayer)
पते (pate)
O lord
देव॒यन्त॑ (devayántaḥ)
worshipping the gods
त्वा (tvā)
you
इ॒महे (īmahe)
we seek/call
उप (úpa)
towards
प्र (prá)
forward
यन्तु (yantu)
may they come
म॒रुतः॑ (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm deities)
सु॒दान॑व (sudā́navaḥ)
generous givers
इन्द्र (índra)
O Indra
प्रा॒शू (prāśū́ḥ)
most swift
भ॑वा (bhava +)
Be
स॒चा (sácā)
together
Stanza 1.40.2
त्वामिद्धि स॑हसस्पुत्र॒ मर्त्य॑ उपब्रू॒ते धने॑ हि॒ते | सु॒वीर्यं॑ मरुत॒ आ स्वश्व्यं॒ दधी॑त॒ यो व॑ आच॒के ||
tvā́m íd dhí sahasas putra mártya upabrūté dháne hité suvī́ryam maruta ā́ sváśvyaṁ dádhīta yó va ācaké
O Indra, son of strength, mortals call on you for help when there's a chance to win riches! O Maruts, may the one who seeks you gain great valor and a herd of fine horses!
This verse addresses Indra, calling him the 'son of strength'. It states that every mortal calls upon him for help, especially when spoils of battle are to be gained. The verse then invokes the Maruts, wishing that the person who appeals to them will be blessed with heroic strength and a good lineage of horses.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. त्वामिद्धि धि हि सहस पुत्र मर्त्य tvā́m ít hí sahasaḥ putra mártyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. उपब्रू॒ते धने हि॒ते upabrūté dháne hité (8 syllables)
- C. सु॒वीर्यं मरुत आ स्वश्व्यं suvī́ryam marutaḥ ā́ sváśvyam (12 syllables)
- D. दधीत यो व आच॒के dádhīta yáḥ vaḥ ācaké (8 syllables)
त्वामिद्धि (tvā́m)
you
धि (ít)
indeed
हि (hí)
indeed
सहस (sahasaḥ)
of strength/power
पुत्र (putra)
O son
मर्त्य (mártyaḥ)
mortal man
उपब्रू॒ते (upabrūté)
calls for help/invokes
धने (dháne)
in battle/wealth
हि॒ते (hité)
placed/set (opportunity)
सु॒वीर्यं (suvī́ryam)
heroic strength
मरुत (marutaḥ)
Maruts
आ (ā́)
towards
स्वश्व्यं (sváśvyam)
good horses/equestrian skill
दधीत (dádhīta)
may he obtain/possess
यो (yáḥ)
whoever
व (vaḥ)
you (plural)
आच॒के (ācaké)
has sought/invoked
Stanza 1.40.3
प्रैतु॒ ब्रह्म॑ण॒स्पतिः॒ प्र दे॒व्ये॑तु सू॒नृता॑ | अच्छा॑ वी॒रं नर्यं॑ प॒ङ्क्तिरा॑धसं दे॒वा य॒ज्ञं न॑यन्तु नः ||
praítu bráhmaṇas pátiḥ prá devy ètu sūnŕ̥tā áchā vīráṁ náryam paṅktírādhasaṁ devā́ yajñáṁ nayantu naḥ
May Brahmanaspati come near, may the goddess Sunrita also come! May the gods lead us in this sacrifice, bringing the heroic man who supports many and loves humanity!
This verse expresses a desire for the divine presence of Brahmanaspati and Sunrita (goddess of good speech/wisdom) to approach. It also invokes the gods to lead the ritual or sacrifice, specifically mentioning a 'heroic man who loves mankind' and one who is generous with 'five-fold gifts'.
Meter: Brhati
- A. प्र तु ब्रह्म णस्प prá etu bráhmaṇaḥ pátiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. प्र दे॒ तु सू॒नृता prá devī́ etu sūnŕ̥tā (8 syllables)
- C. अच्छा वी॒रं नर्यं प॒ङ्क्तिरा॑धसं ácha + vīrám náryam paṅktírādhasam (12 syllables)
- D. दे॒वा य॒ज्ञं नयन्तु नः devā́ḥ yajñám nayantu naḥ (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
तु (etu)
may she come
ब्रह्म (bráhmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati
णस्प (pátiḥ)
lord
प्र (prá)
forward
दे॒ (devī́)
goddess
तु (etu)
may she come
सू॒नृता (sūnŕ̥tā)
Sunrita (goddess of good speech/blessing)
अच्छा (ácha +)
Towards
वी॒रं (vīrám)
heroic man
नर्यं (náryam)
loving mankind
प॒ङ्क्तिरा॑धसं (paṅktírādhasam)
one who provides for the five (or many)
दे॒वा (devā́ḥ)
gods
य॒ज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice/offering
नयन्तु (nayantu)
may they lead
नः (naḥ)
us
Stanza 1.40.4
यो वा॒घते॒ ददा॑ति सू॒नरं॒ वसु॒ स ध॑त्ते॒ अक्षि॑ति॒ श्रवः॑ | तस्मा॒ इळां॑ सु॒वीरा॒मा य॑जामहे सु॒प्रतू॑र्तिमने॒हस॑म् ||
yó vāgháte dádāti sūnáraṁ vásu sá dhatte ákṣiti śrávaḥ tásmā íḷāṁ suvī́rām ā́ yajāmahe suprátūrtim anehásam
Whoever gives a generous gift to the devoted priest gains lasting fame. For him, we pray for prosperity, heroic descendants, and a life free from troubles!
This verse describes the reward for generosity. It states that whoever gives a valuable gift ('sunaram vasu') to a worshipper ('vaghat') gains unending fame. The verse concludes by saying that for such a generous person, they offer prayers and invocations for prosperity, heroic offspring, and a life free from harm.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. यो वा॒घते द॒ सू॒न वसु yáḥ vāgháte dádāti sūnáram vásu (12 syllables)
- B. स धत्ते अक्षि॑ति श्रवः sá dhatte ákṣiti śrávaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तस्मा इळां सु॒वीरा आ यजामहे tásmai íḷām suvī́rām ā́ yajāmahe (12 syllables)
- D. सु॒प्रतू॑र्ति अने॒हसं suprátūrtim anehásam (8 syllables)
यो (yáḥ)
whoever
वा॒घते (vāgháte)
to the worshipper/priest
द॒ (dádāti)
gives
सू॒न (sūnáram)
noble/excellent
वसु (vásu)
wealth/treasure
स (sá)
he
धत्ते (dhatte)
obtains/holds
अक्षि॑ति (ákṣiti)
imperishable/undecaying
श्रवः (śrávaḥ)
fame/glory
तस्मा (tásmai)
for him
इळां (íḷām)
nourishment/offering
सु॒वीरा (suvī́rām)
with heroic descendants
आ (ā́)
towards
यजामहे (yajāmahe)
we worship/invoke
सु॒प्रतू॑र्ति (suprátūrtim)
easily passing/overcoming
अने॒हसं (anehásam)
free from sin/harm
Stanza 1.40.5
प्र नू॒नं ब्रह्म॑ण॒स्पति॒र्मन्त्रं॑ वदत्यु॒क्थ्य॑म् | यस्मि॒न्निन्द्रो॒ वरु॑णो मि॒त्रो अ॑र्य॒मा दे॒वा ओकां॑सि चक्रि॒रे ||
prá nūnám bráhmaṇas pátir mántraṁ vadaty ukthyàm yásminn índro váruṇo mitró aryamā́ devā́ ókāṁsi cakriré
Now Brahmanaspati speaks the important, praiseworthy hymn. In it, Indra, Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman, the gods, have made their homes.
This verse highlights the role of Brahmanaspati in revealing divine wisdom. It states that he now proclaims a significant and praiseworthy hymn. This hymn is special because it is within this that great gods like Indra, Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman have established their dwelling places.
Meter: Brhati
- A. प्र नू॒नं ब्रह्म णस्प prá nūnám bráhmaṇaḥ pátiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मन्त्रं वदत्यु क्थ्यं mántram vadati ukthyàm (8 syllables)
- C. यस्मि निन्द्र वरु॑ण मि॒त्र अर्य॒मा yásmin índraḥ váruṇaḥ mitráḥ aryamā́ (12 syllables)
- D. दे॒वा ओकां॑सि चक्रि॒रे devā́ḥ ókāṃsi cakriré (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
नू॒नं (nūnám)
now/indeed
ब्रह्म (bráhmaṇaḥ)
of Brahmanaspati
णस्प (pátiḥ)
lord
मन्त्रं (mántram)
hymn/prayer
वदत्यु (vadati)
speaks
क्थ्यं (ukthyàm)
praiseworthy/recitable
यस्मि (yásmin)
in which
निन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
वरु॑ण (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
मि॒त्र (mitráḥ)
Mitra
अर्य॒मा (aryamā́)
Aryaman
दे॒वा (devā́ḥ)
gods
ओकां॑सि (ókāṃsi)
dwelling places/homes
चक्रि॒रे (cakriré)
have made
Stanza 1.40.6
तमिद्वो॑चेमा वि॒दथे॑षु श॒म्भुवं॒ मन्त्रं॑ देवा अने॒हस॑म् | इ॒मां च॒ वाचं॑ प्रति॒हर्य॑था नरो॒ विश्वेद्वा॒मा वो॑ अश्नवत् ||
tám íd vocemā vidátheṣu śambhúvam mántraṁ devā anehásam imā́ṁ ca vā́cam pratiháryathā naro víśvéd vāmā́ vo aśnavat
May we, O Gods, recite this auspicious hymn in assemblies! If you accept this speech, O heroes, may all blessings come to you from us.
This verse is a collective prayer from the speaker (representing the community) to the gods. They express a desire to recite a hymn that is beneficial and pleasing ('Shambhuva') in gatherings ('Vidathesu'). They ask the gods to accept this word/speech, and in return, promise that all good things ('Vamav') will reach them.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. तमि द्वा चेमा वि॒दथे॑षु श॒म्भुवं tám ít vocema + vidátheṣu śambhúvam (12 syllables)
- B. म॒न्त्रं दे॒वा अने॒हसं mántram devāḥ anehásam (8 syllables)
- C. इ॒मां च वा॒चं प्रति॒हर्य॑था नरो imā́m ca vā́cam pratiháryatha + naraḥ (12 syllables)
- D. विश्वे द्वा मा वो अश्नवत् víśvā ít vāmā́ vaḥ aśnavat (8 syllables)
तमि (tám)
that
द्वा (ít)
indeed
चेमा (vocema +)
May we speak
वि॒दथे॑षु (vidátheṣu)
in assemblies/gatherings
श॒म्भुवं (śambhúvam)
auspicious/beneficial
म॒न्त्रं (mántram)
hymn/verse
दे॒वा (devāḥ)
O Gods
अने॒हसं (anehásam)
free from harm/sin
इ॒मां (imā́m)
this
च (ca)
and
वा॒चं (vā́cam)
speech/word
प्रति॒हर्य॑था (pratiháryatha +)
May you accept
नरो (naraḥ)
O heroes/men
विश्वे (víśvā)
all
द्वा (ít)
indeed
मा (vāmā́)
bliss/good things (for you)
वो (vaḥ)
from you
अश्नवत् (aśnavat)
may reach
Stanza 1.40.7
को दे॑व॒यन्त॑मश्नव॒ज्जनं॒ को वृ॒क्तब॑र्हिषम् | प्रप्र॑ दा॒श्वान्प॒स्त्या॑भिरस्थितान्त॒र्वाव॒त्क्षयं॑ दधे ||
kó devayántam aśnavaj jánaṁ kó vr̥ktábarhiṣam prá-pra dāśvā́n pastyāā̀bhir asthitāntarvā́vat kṣáyaṁ dadhe
Who can reach the person devoted to the gods? Who can reach the one who has prepared the sacred grass? The generous giver, with his family, advances, filling his home with riches.
This verse poses rhetorical questions about who can truly reach the devotee who worships the gods ('devayant') and the one who has prepared the ritual space ('vrkta-barhis'). It then states that the generous offerer ('dashvan') progresses with their household ('pastyabhih'), filling their home with abundance ('kshayam').
Meter: Brhati
- A. को दे॒व॒यन्त॑ अश्नव káḥ devayántam aśnavat (8 syllables)
- B. नं को वृ॒क्तब॑र्षि jánam káḥ vr̥ktábarhiṣam (8 syllables)
- C. प्रप्र दा॒श्वान प॒स्त्या॑भि अस्थिते prá-pra dāśvā́n pastyā̀bhiḥ asthita (12 syllables)
- D. न्तर्वावत् क्षयं दधे antarvā́vat kṣáyam dadhe (8 syllables)
को (káḥ)
who
दे॒व॒यन्त॑ (devayántam)
worshipping the gods
अश्नव (aśnavat)
can reach
नं (jánam)
person/people
को (káḥ)
who
वृ॒क्तब॑र्षि (vr̥ktábarhiṣam)
one who has spread trimmed grass (for sacrifice)
प्रप्र (prá-pra)
further and further
दा॒श्वान (dāśvā́n)
generous offerer
प॒स्त्या॑भि (pastyā̀bhiḥ)
with his household/family
अस्थिते (asthita)
has stood/advanced
न्तर्वावत् (antarvā́vat)
within
क्षयं (kṣáyam)
dwelling/home/wealth
दधे (dadhe)
he holds/possesses
Stanza 1.40.8
उप॑ क्ष॒त्रं पृ॑ञ्ची॒त हन्ति॒ राज॑भिर्भ॒ये चि॑त्सुक्षि॒तिं द॑धे | नास्य॑ व॒र्ता न त॑रु॒ता म॑हाध॒ने नार्भे॑ अस्ति व॒ज्रिणः॑ ||
úpa kṣatrám pr̥ñcītá hánti rā́jabhir bhayé cit sukṣitíṁ dadhe nā́sya vartā́ ná tarutā́ mahādhané nā́rbhe asti vajríṇaḥ
His power grows, and with kings, he conquers. Even in fear, he establishes a secure home. No one can stop or defeat him, neither in a major battle nor a minor one, the wielder of the thunderbolt.
This verse describes the power and might of Indra (implied by 'vajriṇaḥ', wielder of the thunderbolt). It says that his kingly power ('kshatram') grows and flourishes, and even in the midst of fears and alarms, he establishes a secure dwelling. No one can oppose or overcome him, whether in great or small conflicts.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. उप क्ष॒त्रं पृ॒ञ्ची॒त हन्ति राज॑भि úpa kṣatrám pr̥ñcītá hánti rā́jabhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. भये चि सु॒क्षि॒तिं दधे bhayé cit sukṣitím dadhe (8 syllables)
- C. न स्य व॒र्ता न त॒रु॒ता म॒हाध॒ने ná asya vartā́ ná tarutā́ mahādhané (12 syllables)
- D. न अर्भे अस्ति व॒ज्रिणः ná árbhe asti vajríṇaḥ (8 syllables)
उप (úpa)
towards/grows
क्ष॒त्रं (kṣatrám)
power/kingship
पृ॒ञ्ची॒त (pr̥ñcītá)
mixes/enhances
हन्ति (hánti)
he kills/conquers
राज॑भि (rā́jabhiḥ)
with kings
भये (bhayé)
in fear
चि (cit)
even
सु॒क्षि॒तिं (sukṣitím)
good dwelling/security
दधे (dadhe)
he holds/establishes
न (ná)
nor
स्य (asya)
his
व॒र्ता (vartā́)
one who stops/hinders
न (ná)
nor
त॒रु॒ता (tarutā́)
one who overcomes/defeats
म॒हाध॒ने (mahādhané)
in a great battle/wealth
न (ná)
nor
अर्भे (árbhe)
in a small one
अस्ति (asti)
is
व॒ज्रिणः (vajríṇaḥ)
of the wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra)