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Stanza 1.182.1
अभू॑दि॒दं व॒युन॒मो षु भू॑षता॒ रथो॒ वृष॑ण्वा॒न्मद॑ता मनीषिणः | धि॒यं॒जि॒न्वा धिष्ण्या॑ वि॒श्पला॑वसू दि॒वो नपा॑ता सु॒कृते॒ शुचि॑व्रता ||
ábhūd idáṁ vayúnam ó ṣú bhūṣatā rátho vŕ̥ṣaṇvān mádatā manīṣiṇaḥ dhiyaṁjinvā́ dhíṣṇyā viśpálāvasū divó nápātā sukŕ̥te śúcivratā
This is the moment! Come quickly, wise ones. Here's the chariot, ready with strong horses – be joyful! You who inspire our minds, you who are longed for, helpers of Vishpala, sons of the sky, with pure vows, bring your blessings!
This verse is like an invocation! The speaker is setting the scene, perhaps preparing for a journey or a significant event. They're calling upon powerful twin deities, the Ashvins, to appear promptly. The Ashvins are associated with a chariot drawn by strong horses, and the speaker wants them to be happy and join in the excitement. The verse describes the Ashvins as bringing joy and blessings, like sons of the heavens, to those who are wise and follow the right path.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अभू॑ इदं वयुनं आ उ सु भूषता ábhūt idám vayúnam ā́ u sú bhūṣata + (12 syllables)
- B. रथः वृष॑ण्वा मदता मनीषिणः ráthaḥ vŕ̥ṣaṇvān mádata + manīṣiṇaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. धियं॑जि॒न्वा धिष्ण्या वि॒श्पला॑वसू dhiyaṃjinvā́ dhíṣṇyā viśpálāvasū (12 syllables)
- D. दि॒वो नपा॑ता सु॒कृते शुचि॑व्रता diváḥ nápātā sukŕ̥te śúcivratā (12 syllables)
अभू॑ (ábhūt)
happened
इदं (idám)
this
वयुनं (vayúnam)
awareness, understanding
आ (ā́)
up to, towards
उ (u)
and, also
सु (sú)
well, easily
भूषता (bhūṣata +)
adorn yourselves, be present
रथः (ráthaḥ)
chariot
वृष॑ण्वा (vŕ̥ṣaṇvān)
strong, powerful
मदता (mádata +)
rejoice, be glad
मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ)
wise ones, intelligent beings
धियं॑जि॒न्वा (dhiyaṃjinvā́)
inspiring thoughts
धिष्ण्या (dhíṣṇyā)
venerable ones, worthy of worship
वि॒श्पला॑वसू (viśpálāvasū)
possessing Vishpala as wealth (or helpers of Vishpala)
दि॒वो (diváḥ)
of the sky, of heaven
नपा॑ता (nápātā)
sons, offspring
सु॒कृते (sukŕ̥te)
for the well-doer, for the pious
शुचि॑व्रता (śúcivratā)
of pure vows, with pure practices
Stanza 1.182.2
इन्द्र॑तमा॒ हि धिष्ण्या॑ म॒रुत्त॑मा द॒स्रा दंसि॑ष्ठा र॒थ्या॑ र॒थीत॑मा | पू॒र्णं रथं॑ वहेथे॒ मध्व॒ आचि॑तं॒ तेन॑ दा॒श्वांस॒मुप॑ याथो अश्विना ||
índratamā hí dhíṣṇyā marúttamā dasrā́ dáṁsiṣṭhā rathyāā̀ rathī́tamā pūrṇáṁ ráthaṁ vahethe mádhva ā́citaṁ téna dāśvā́ṁsam úpa yātho aśvinā
You are truly the most like Indra, the most like the Maruts, O wondrous ones, most powerful! You are chariot-riders, the best of charioteers. Bring your full chariot here, loaded with sweetness! With it, O Ashvins, approach the giver!
The speaker continues to praise the Ashvins, describing them as incredibly powerful and divine, surpassing even Indra and the Maruts in their greatness. They are called 'Dasra' (wondrous) and 'damsistha' (most powerful). These divine twins are described as excellent charioteers, arriving in their full chariot. The verse concludes with a request for them to bring a chariot filled with a sweet, intoxicating drink, implying an offering or a divine blessing, and to approach the one who has made a sacrifice.
Meter: Jagati
- A. इन्द्र॑तमा हि धिष्ण्या म॒रुत्त॑मा índratamā hí dhíṣṇyā marúttamā (12 syllables)
- B. द॒स्रा दंसि॑ष्ठा रथ्या रथी॑तमा dasrā́ dáṃsiṣṭhā rathyā̀ rathī́tamā (12 syllables)
- C. पूर्णं रथं वहेथे मध्वः आचि॑तं pūrṇám rátham vahethe mádhvaḥ ā́citam (12 syllables)
- D. तेन दाश्वा॑सं उप याथो अश्विना téna dāśvā́ṃsam úpa yāthaḥ aśvinā (12 syllables)
इन्द्र॑तमा (índratamā)
most like Indra
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
धिष्ण्या (dhíṣṇyā)
powerful, divine beings
म॒रुत्त॑मा (marúttamā)
most like the Maruts
द॒स्रा (dasrā́)
wondrous, marvelous
दंसि॑ष्ठा (dáṃsiṣṭhā)
most powerful, most skilled
रथ्या (rathyā̀)
chariot-travelers
रथी॑तमा (rathī́tamā)
best of charioteers
पूर्णं (pūrṇám)
full
रथं (rátham)
chariot
वहेथे (vahethe)
you two carry
मध्वः (mádhvaḥ)
of the sweet drink, of honey
आचि॑तं (ā́citam)
gathered, heaped up
तेन (téna)
with it
दाश्वा॑सं (dāśvā́ṃsam)
the sacrificer, the giver
उप (úpa)
near, towards
याथो (yāthaḥ)
you two approach
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
Stanza 1.182.3
किमत्र॑ दस्रा कृणुथः॒ किमा॑साथे॒ जनो॒ यः कश्चि॒दह॑विर्मही॒यते॑ | अति॑ क्रमिष्टं जु॒रतं॑ प॒णेरसुं॒ ज्योति॒र्विप्रा॑य कृणुतं वच॒स्यवे॑ ||
kím átra dasrā kr̥ṇuthaḥ kím āsāthe jáno yáḥ káś cid áhavir mahīyáte áti kramiṣṭaṁ jurátam paṇér ásuṁ jyótir víprāya kr̥ṇutaṁ vacasyáve
What are you two doing there, O helpers? Why are you lingering with people who, though not offering sacrifices, are praised? Overcome them; destroy the life of the miser. Create brilliance for the poet, for the singer!
This verse questions the Ashvins, asking what they are doing and why they might be hesitating. The context is that there are people who, despite not offering proper sacrifices or showing devotion ('ahavih'), are still being highly honored. The speaker urges the Ashvins to move past such people and to eliminate the life force of the stingy or avaricious ('panih'). The ultimate goal is to bring light and brilliance to the speaker, the poet ('vipra'), who is devoted to praising them.
Meter: Jagati
- A. किमा अत्र दस्रा कृणुथः किमा आसाथे kím átra dasrā kr̥ṇuthaḥ kím āsāthe (12 syllables)
- B. जनो यः कश्चि चिद अहविः महीयते jánaḥ yáḥ káḥ cit áhaviḥ mahīyáte (12 syllables)
- C. अति क्रमिटं जु॒रतं प॒णेर सुं áti kramiṣṭam jurátam paṇéḥ ásum (12 syllables)
- D. ज्योतिः विप्राय कृणुतं वच॒स्यवे jyótiḥ víprāya kr̥ṇutam vacasyáve (12 syllables)
किमा (kím)
why, what for
अत्र (átra)
here, in this situation
दस्रा (dasrā)
O helpers, O wondrous ones
कृणुथः (kr̥ṇuthaḥ)
you two do
किमा (kím)
why, what for
आसाथे (āsāthe)
you two are staying, you two linger
जनो (jánaḥ)
people, a person
यः (yáḥ)
who
कश्चि (káḥ)
whoever, any
चिद (cit)
even
अहविः (áhaviḥ)
without sacrifice, not offering
महीयते (mahīyáte)
is honored, is praised
अति (áti)
beyond, over
क्रमिटं (kramiṣṭam)
you two overcome, step over
जु॒रतं (jurátam)
you two destroy, make decay
प॒णेर (paṇéḥ)
of the miser, of the niggard
सुं (ásum)
life, breath
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light, brilliance
विप्राय (víprāya)
for the poet, for the singer
कृणुतं (kr̥ṇutam)
you two make
वच॒स्यवे (vacasyáve)
for the eloquent one, for the speaker
Stanza 1.182.4
ज॒म्भय॑तम॒भितो॒ राय॑तः॒ शुनो॑ ह॒तं मृधो॑ वि॒दथु॒स्तान्य॑श्विना | वाचं॑वाचं जरि॒तू र॒त्निनीं॑ कृतमु॒भा शंसं॑ नासत्यावतं॒ मम॑ ||
jambháyatam abhíto rā́yataḥ śúno hatám mŕ̥dho vidáthus tā́ny aśvinā vā́caṁ-vācaṁ jaritū́ ratnínīṁ kr̥tam ubhā́ śáṁsaṁ nāsatyāvatam máma
Crush the enemies barking all around! Slay the foes, you understand this well. Make prosperous every praise from the singer. Both of you, O Nasatyas, accept this praise of mine!
The speaker directly addresses the Ashvins, asking them to powerfully defeat and destroy any 'dogs' (likely enemies or obstacles) that bark at them, and to slay their foes. They acknowledge the Ashvins' understanding of these actions. The verse then makes a request: to make every word of praise from the speaker ('jarituḥ') fruitful and prosperous ('ratninin'). Finally, the speaker asks the divine twins, called 'Nasatyas' here, to accept their hymn of praise ('samsam') with favor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. जम्भय॑तं अभितो राय॑तः शु॑नो jambháyatam abhítas rā́yataḥ śúnaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. ह॒तं मृधो वि॒दथुः तानि अश्विना hatám mŕ̥dhaḥ vidáthuḥ tā́ni aśvinā (12 syllables)
- C. वाचं॑वाचं जरि॒तू र॒त्निनीं कृतं vā́caṃ-vācam jaritúḥ ratnínīm kr̥tam (12 syllables)
- D. उभा शंसं नासत्या अवतं मम ubhā́ śáṃsam nāsatyā avatam máma (12 syllables)
जम्भय॑तं (jambháyatam)
you two crush, you two destroy
अभितो (abhítas)
on all sides, all around
राय॑तः (rā́yataḥ)
barking (participle)
शु॑नो (śúnaḥ)
dogs (enemies)
ह॒तं (hatám)
you two slay, you two kill
मृधो (mŕ̥dhaḥ)
foes, enemies
वि॒दथुः (vidáthuḥ)
you two know
तानि (tā́ni)
those things
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
वाचं॑वाचं (vā́caṃ-vācam)
every word
जरि॒तू (jaritúḥ)
of the singer, of the praiser
र॒त्निनीं (ratnínīm)
possessing riches, prosperous
कृतं (kr̥tam)
you two make
उभा (ubhā́)
both
शंसं (śáṃsam)
praise, hymn
नासत्या (nāsatyā)
O Nasatyas (Ashvins)
अवतं (avatam)
you two protect, you two favor
मम (máma)
my
Stanza 1.182.5
यु॒वमे॒तं च॑क्रथुः॒ सिन्धु॑षु प्ल॒वमा॑त्म॒न्वन्तं॑ प॒क्षिणं॑ तौ॒ग्र्याय॒ कम् | येन॑ देव॒त्रा मन॑सा निरू॒हथुः॑ सुपप्त॒नी पे॑तथुः॒ क्षोद॑सो म॒हः ||
yuvám etáṁ cakrathuḥ síndhuṣu plavám ātmanvántam pakṣíṇaṁ taugryā́ya kám yéna devatrā́ mánasā nirūháthuḥ supaptanī́ petathuḥ kṣódaso maháḥ
You two created this floating vessel in the waters, animated and winged, for Tugra's son. With divine mind, you two brought him out, and flew easily from the great flood!
This verse recounts a specific heroic deed of the Ashvins. They created a special vessel, a 'plava' (likely a boat or raft), described as 'animated' and 'winged', designed to travel across the waters ('sindhushu'). This vessel was made for a person named Tugra's son ('Tugryāya'). The Ashvins used their divine intellect ('manasā') to navigate this craft, bringing Tugra's son out of a dangerous situation in the sea, flying with an easy flight from the great surge or current.
Meter: Jagati
- A. युवं एतं चक्रथुः सिन्धु॑षु प्लवं yuvám etám cakrathuḥ síndhuṣu plavám (12 syllables)
- B. आत्म॒न्तं प॒क्षिणं तौ॒ग्र्याय क ātmanvántam pakṣíṇam taugryā́ya kám (12 syllables)
- C. येन देव॒त्रा मन॑सा निरू॒हथुः yéna devatrā́ mánasā nirūháthuḥ (12 syllables)
- D. सुपप्त॒नी पे॒तथुः क्षोद॑सः म॒हः supaptaní + petathuḥ kṣódasaḥ maháḥ (12 syllables)
युवं (yuvám)
you two
एतं (etám)
this
चक्रथुः (cakrathuḥ)
you two made
सिन्धु॑षु (síndhuṣu)
in the rivers, in the waters
प्लवं (plavám)
raft, float, boat
आत्म॒न्तं (ātmanvántam)
animated, having life
प॒क्षिणं (pakṣíṇam)
winged
तौ॒ग्र्याय (taugryā́ya)
for Tugra's son
क (kám)
what
येन (yéna)
by which, with which
देव॒त्रा (devatrā́)
among the gods, divinely
मन॑सा (mánasā)
with mind, with intellect
निरू॒हथुः (nirūháthuḥ)
you two carried out, you two brought forth
सुपप्त॒नी (supaptaní +)
with easy flight
पे॒तथुः (petathuḥ)
you two flew
क्षोद॑सः (kṣódasaḥ)
from the flood, from the water
म॒हः (maháḥ)
great
Stanza 1.182.6
अव॑विद्धं तौ॒ग्र्यम॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तर॑नारम्भ॒णे तम॑सि॒ प्रवि॑द्धम् | चत॑स्रो॒ नावो॒ जठ॑लस्य॒ जुष्टा॒ उद॒श्विभ्या॑मिषि॒ताः पा॑रयन्ति ||
ávaviddhaṁ taugryám apsv àntár anārambhaṇé támasi práviddham cátasro nā́vo jáṭhalasya júṣṭā úd aśvíbhyām iṣitā́ḥ pārayanti
The son of Tugra, cast down in the waters, lost in the dark, without support – four ships, favored and urged by you Ashvins, carried him across!
This verse continues the story of Tugra's son being rescued. He was cast down into the waters ('apsu antah') and lost in complete darkness ('tamasi'), in a place where there was no support ('anārambhane'). The verse states that four ships, welcomed and urged on by the Ashvins, saved him. These ships are described as 'justāḥ' (favored) and 'iṣitāḥ' (sent forth, impelled), indicating they were divinely guided to perform this rescue.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अव॑विद्धं तौ॒ग्र्यम अप्स्व१ अन्तर ávaviddham taugryám apsú antár (11 syllables)
- B. नारम्भ॒णे तम॑सि प्रवि॑द्धम् anārambhaṇé támasi práviddham (11 syllables)
- C. चत॑स्रो ना॑वो जठ॑लस्य जु॒ष्टा cátasraḥ nā́vaḥ jáṭhalasya júṣṭāḥ (11 syllables)
- D. उद अश्विभ्या इषि॑ताः पारयन्ति út aśvíbhyām iṣitā́ḥ pārayanti (11 syllables)
अव॑विद्धं (ávaviddham)
cast down, thrown
तौ॒ग्र्यम (taugryám)
Tugra's son
अप्स्व१ (apsú)
in the waters
अन्तर (antár)
within, in the midst of
नारम्भ॒णे (anārambhaṇé)
without support, in a place of no help
तम॑सि (támasi)
in darkness
प्रवि॑द्धम् (práviddham)
plunged, sunk
चत॑स्रो (cátasraḥ)
four
ना॑वो (nā́vaḥ)
ships
जठ॑लस्य (jáṭhalasya)
of Jatala (perhaps Tugra's father or a related name)
जु॒ष्टा (júṣṭāḥ)
favored, accepted, beloved
उद (út)
up, forth
अश्विभ्या (aśvíbhyām)
by the Ashvins
इषि॑ताः (iṣitā́ḥ)
sent forth, impelled, urged
पारयन्ति (pārayanti)
they cause to cross, they save
Stanza 1.182.7
कः स्वि॑द्वृ॒क्षो निष्ठि॑तो॒ मध्ये॒ अर्ण॑सो॒ यं तौ॒ग्र्यो ना॑धि॒तः प॒र्यष॑स्वजत् | प॒र्णा मृ॒गस्य॑ प॒तरो॑रिवा॒रभ॒ उद॑श्विना ऊहथुः॒ श्रोम॑ताय॒ कम् ||
káḥ svid vr̥kṣó níṣṭhito mádhye árṇaso yáṁ taugryó nādhitáḥ paryáṣasvajat parṇā́ mr̥gásya patáror ivārábha úd aśvinā ūhathuḥ śrómatāya kám
What tree was fixed in the middle of the ocean that Tugra's son, lost and desperate, clung to? Like twigs for a bird's grip, you Ashvins carried him to renown!
This verse questions the nature of the 'tree' that Tugra's son clung to for survival in the middle of the ocean ('madhye arṇasah'). It asks what this support was, which Tugra's son, not knowing how to swim or save himself ('nādhitaḥ'), grasped. The comparison is made to small pieces of leaf or twig ('parṇā') that a bird might grab onto. The speaker then affirms that the Ashvins, like winged creatures themselves, rescued him ('ūhathuḥ') and brought him to safety and renown ('śromatāya').
Meter: Jagati
- A. कः स्वि वृक्षो निष्टि॑तः मध्ये अर्ण॑सो káḥ svit vr̥kṣáḥ níṣṭhitaḥ mádhye árṇasaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. यं तौ॒ग्र्यः नाधि॒तः पर्यष॑स्वजत् yám taugryáḥ nādhitáḥ paryáṣasvajat (12 syllables)
- C. पर्णा मृगस्य प॒तरोः इवा आर॒भ parṇā́ mr̥gásya patároḥ iva ārábhe (12 syllables)
- D. उद अश्विना ऊहथुः श्रोम॑ताय क út aśvinau ūhathuḥ śrómatāya kám (12 syllables)
कः (káḥ)
what
स्वि (svit)
indeed, perhaps
वृक्षो (vr̥kṣáḥ)
tree
निष्टि॑तः (níṣṭhitaḥ)
fixed, established
मध्ये (mádhye)
in the middle
अर्ण॑सो (árṇasaḥ)
of the water, of the flood
यं (yám)
which
तौ॒ग्र्यः (taugryáḥ)
Tugra's son
नाधि॒तः (nādhitáḥ)
not supported, not clinging to
पर्यष॑स्वजत् (paryáṣasvajat)
clung around, embraced
पर्णा (parṇā́)
leaves, twigs
मृगस्य (mr̥gásya)
of the animal, of the creature
प॒तरोः (patároḥ)
of the winged creature, bird
इवा (iva)
like
आर॒भ (ārábhe)
to grasp, to hold onto
उद (út)
up, forth
अश्विना (aśvinau)
O Ashvins
ऊहथुः (ūhathuḥ)
you two carried
श्रोम॑ताय (śrómatāya)
for renown, for glory
क (kám)
what
Stanza 1.182.8
तद्वां॑ नरा नासत्या॒वनु॑ ष्या॒द्यद्वां॒ माना॑स उ॒चथ॒मवो॑चन् | अ॒स्माद॒द्य सद॑सः सो॒म्यादा वि॒द्यामे॒षं वृ॒जनं॑ जी॒रदा॑नुम् ||
tád vāṁ narā nāsatyāv ánu ṣyād yád vām mā́nāsa ucátham ávocan asmā́d adyá sádasaḥ somyā́d ā́ vidyā́meṣáṁ vr̥jánaṁ jīrádānum
May this praise you two have spoken, O heroes, O Nasatyas, be welcomed! From this gathering, where Soma is offered, may we today obtain strength and abundant sustenance!
This is a concluding prayer or wish. The speaker addresses the Ashvins, calling them 'heroes' and 'Nasatyas', and expresses a desire for their hymn of praise to be welcomed ('anu syat'). They note that the praise ('ucatham') was uttered by the 'Mānasas' (a group or lineage). The verse ends with a hopeful plea: from this gathering, where Soma is offered, they wish to obtain ('vidyāme') sustenance ('iṣam'), strength ('vrjanam'), and abundance ('jīradānum').
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तद्वां वां नरा नासत्या अनु ष्या tát vām narā nāsatyau ánu syāt (11 syllables)
- B. यद्वां वां माना॑स उ॒चथम अवोचं yát vām mā́nāsaḥ ucátham ávocan (11 syllables)
- C. अस्माद द्य सद॑सः सो॒म्यादा आ asmā́t adyá sádasaḥ somyā́t ā́ (11 syllables)
- D. वि॒द्यामे इषं वृ॒जनं जी॒रदा॑नुम् vidyā́ma iṣám vr̥jánam jīrádānum (11 syllables)
तद्वां (tát)
that
वां (vām)
by you two
नरा (narā)
O heroes
नासत्या (nāsatyau)
O Nasatyas (Ashvins)
अनु (ánu)
along, according to, towards
ष्या (syāt)
may it be
यद्वां (yát)
which
वां (vām)
by you two
माना॑स (mā́nāsaḥ)
the Mānasas (people/group)
उ॒चथम (ucátham)
praise, hymn
अवोचं (ávocan)
they spoke
अस्माद (asmā́t)
from this
द्य (adyá)
today
सद॑सः (sádasaḥ)
from the assembly, from the place
सो॒म्यादा (somyā́t)
from the Soma-offering
आ (ā́)
towards, here
वि॒द्यामे (vidyā́ma)
may we know, may we obtain
इषं (iṣám)
food, nourishment, strength
वृ॒जनं (vr̥jánam)
strength, power
जी॒रदा॑नुम् (jīrádānum)
giving strength, life-giving