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Stanza 1.156.1
भवा॑ मि॒त्रो न शेव्यो॑ घृ॒तासु॑ति॒र्विभू॑तद्युम्न एव॒या उ॑ स॒प्रथाः॑ | अधा॑ ते विष्णो वि॒दुषा॑ चि॒दर्ध्यः॒ स्तोमो॑ य॒ज्ञश्च॒ राध्यो॑ ह॒विष्म॑ता ||
bhávā mitró ná śévyo ghr̥tā́sutir víbhūtadyumna evayā́ u sapráthāḥ ádhā te viṣṇo vidúṣā cid árdhya stómo yajñáś ca rā́dhyo havíṣmatā
Be present and helpful like Mitra, O radiant one, nourished by offerings, widely known! And Vishnu, to you, even the wise offer their praise, and those who have oblations perform rituals.
This verse is an invocation, asking two prominent deities, Mitra and Vishnu, to be present and helpful. It describes them with glowing attributes like being 'far-shining,' 'fed with offerings,' and having great renown. The stanza emphasizes that even wise individuals and those who make offerings should offer praise and rituals to Vishnu, acknowledging his greatness and the benefits of devotion.
Meter: Jagati
- A. भव मित्रः न शेव्यः घृतासुतिः bháva + mitráḥ ná śévyaḥ ghr̥tā́sutiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. विभूतुद्युम्न एवयाः उ सप्रथाः víbhūtadyumnaḥ evayā́ḥ u sapráthāḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अधा ते विष्णो विदुषा चिदर्ध्यः अध्यः ádha + te viṣṇo vidúṣā cit árdhyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. स्तोमो यज्ञश्च च राध्यो हविष्मता stómaḥ yajñáḥ ca rā́dhyaḥ havíṣmatā (12 syllables)
भव (bháva +)
Be (imperative, 2nd person singular)
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra (a solar deity, friend, associate)
न (ná)
like, as
शेव्यः (śévyaḥ)
deserving of service, helpful
घृतासुतिः (ghr̥tā́sutiḥ)
one who is fed with ghee or oblations
विभूतुद्युम्न (víbhūtadyumnaḥ)
possessing abundant glory or splendor
एवयाः (evayā́ḥ)
going the usual way, common
उ (u)
and, indeed (particle)
सप्रथाः (sapráthāḥ)
wide-spreading, renowned
अधा (ádha +)
then, further
ते (te)
to you (dative singular)
विष्णो (viṣṇo)
O Vishnu
विदुषा (vidúṣā)
by the one who knows (instrumental singular)
चिदर्ध्यः (cit)
even, indeed (particle)
अध्यः (árdhyaḥ)
worthy of worship, to be honored
स्तोमो (stómaḥ)
praise, hymn
यज्ञश्च (yajñáḥ)
sacrifice, offering
च (ca)
and
राध्यो (rā́dhyaḥ)
to be accomplished, obtainable
हविष्मता (havíṣmatā)
by the one who offers oblations (instrumental singular)
Stanza 1.156.2
यः पू॒र्व्याय॑ वे॒धसे॒ नवी॑यसे सु॒मज्जा॑नये॒ विष्ण॑वे॒ ददा॑शति | यो जा॒तम॑स्य मह॒तो महि॒ ब्रव॒त्सेदु॒ श्रवो॑भि॒र्युज्यं॑ चिद॒भ्य॑सत् ||
yáḥ pūrvyā́ya vedháse návīyase sumájjānaye víṣṇave dádāśati yó jātám asya maható máhi brávat séd u śrávobhir yújyaṁ cid abhy àsat
Whoever offers to Vishnu, the ancient, the newest, the well-disposed architect, and also speaks of his great deeds, that person truly attains glory, surpassing even their equals.
This stanza describes the benefits of devotion towards Vishnu. It states that whoever offers gifts and praises to Vishnu, recognizing him as ancient yet ever-new, well-disposed, and the establisher of order, will achieve greater glory. This person will also be able to speak about Vishnu's greatness, even surpassing their peers in fame and honor.
Meter: Jagati
- A. यः पूर्व्याय वेधसे नवी यसे yáḥ pūrvyā́ya vedháse návīyase (12 syllables)
- B. सु मज्जाने विष्णवे ददाशति sumájjānaye víṣṇave dádāśati (12 syllables)
- C. यः जातम अस्य महतो महि ब्रवत् yáḥ jātám asya mahatáḥ máhi brávat (12 syllables)
- D. स इत् उ श्रवोभिः युज्यं चिद अभ्य अ सत् sá ít u śrávobhiḥ yújyam cit abhí asat (12 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
whoever
पूर्व्याय (pūrvyā́ya)
to the ancient one
वेधसे (vedháse)
to the establisher, architect, ordainer
नवी यसे (návīyase)
to the newest, most recent
सु मज्जाने (sumájjānaye)
to the well-disposed, the one who arranges well
विष्णवे (víṣṇave)
to Vishnu
ददाशति (dádāśati)
offers, worships (subjunctive)
यः (yáḥ)
whoever
जातम (jātám)
born, created
अस्य (asya)
of him
महतो (mahatáḥ)
of the great one
महि (máhi)
greatness, might
ब्रवत् (brávat)
speaks, declares (subjunctive)
स (sá)
he
इत् (ít)
indeed, truly (particle)
उ (u)
and, also (particle)
श्रवोभिः (śrávobhiḥ)
with glories, with fame
युज्यं (yújyam)
a peer, an equal
चिद (cit)
even, indeed (particle)
अभ्य (abhí)
over, beyond (prefix)
अ सत् (asat)
attains, reaches (subjunctive)
Stanza 1.156.3
तमु॑ स्तोतारः पू॒र्व्यं यथा॑ वि॒द ऋ॒तस्य॒ गर्भं॑ ज॒नुषा॑ पिपर्तन | आस्य॑ जा॒नन्तो॒ नाम॑ चिद्विवक्तन म॒हस्ते॑ विष्णो सुम॒तिं भ॑जामहे ||
tám u stotāraḥ pūrvyáṁ yáthā vidá r̥tásya gárbhaṁ janúṣā pipartana ā́sya jānánto nā́ma cid vivaktana mahás te viṣṇo sumatím bhajāmahe
O singers, praise him, the primeval essence of Order, as you know him, from his very birth! Declare his name, knowing it well. O Vishnu, may we share in your favor!
This stanza addresses the singers (poets or worshippers) who praise Vishnu. It urges them to praise him, the 'primeval germ of Order,' as best they can, and to proclaim his name, knowing him from birth. The singers are reminded that by understanding and declaring his attributes, they themselves can partake in Vishnu's favor and blessings.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तमु उ स्तोतारः पूर्व्यं यथा विद tám u stotāraḥ pūrvyám yáthā vidáḥ (12 syllables)
- B. ऋतस्य गर्भं जनुषा पिपर्तन r̥tásya gárbham janúṣā pipartana (12 syllables)
- C. आ आस्य जानन्तो नाम चिद्वि वक्तन ā́ asya jānántaḥ nā́ma cit vivaktana (12 syllables)
- D. महते ते विष्णो सुमतिं भजामहे maháḥ te viṣṇo sumatím bhajāmahe (12 syllables)
तमु (tám)
him
उ (u)
indeed (particle)
स्तोतारः (stotāraḥ)
O singers, praisers
पूर्व्यं (pūrvyám)
the ancient one
यथा (yáthā)
as, according to how
विद (vidáḥ)
you know (aorist subjunctive)
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of the cosmic order, truth
गर्भं (gárbham)
germ, embryo, essence
जनुषा (janúṣā)
from birth, by origin
पिपर्तन (pipartana)
you satisfy, you sustain (imperative plural)
आ (ā́)
towards (prefix)
आस्य (asya)
his
जानन्तो (jānántaḥ)
knowing (present participle)
नाम (nā́ma)
name
चिद्वि (cit)
even, indeed (particle)
वक्तन (vivaktana)
you declare, you speak forth (imperative plural)
महते (maháḥ)
of the great one
ते (te)
of you (genitive singular)
विष्णो (viṣṇo)
O Vishnu
सुमतिं (sumatím)
favor, benevolence, good disposition
भजामहे (bhajāmahe)
we share, we partake (1st person plural)
Stanza 1.156.4
तम॑स्य॒ राजा॒ वरु॑ण॒स्तम॒श्विना॒ क्रतुं॑ सचन्त॒ मारु॑तस्य वे॒धसः॑ | दा॒धार॒ दक्ष॑मुत्त॒मम॑ह॒र्विदं॑ व्र॒जं च॒ विष्णुः॒ सखि॑वाँ अपोर्णु॒ते ||
tám asya rā́jā váruṇas tám aśvínā krátuṁ sacanta mā́rutasya vedhásaḥ dādhā́ra dákṣam uttamám aharvídaṁ vrajáṁ ca víṣṇuḥ sákhivām̐ aporṇuté
King Varuna and the Ashvins follow his will. Vishnu, the holder of supreme power and ultimate knowledge, with his companion, reveals the hidden treasure.
This verse highlights Vishnu's supreme power and his association with other deities. It states that King Varuna and the divine twins, the Ashvins, follow his will. Vishnu is depicted as the holder of ultimate strength and intellect, capable of revealing or uncovering hidden things ('vrajá', often associated with cattle or wealth) and achieving the highest goal ('aharvidam'). He is also described as having a close friend or companion.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तम स्य राजा वरुणः तम अश्विना tám asya rā́jā váruṇaḥ tám aśvínā (12 syllables)
- B. क्रतुं सचन्त मारुतस्य वेधसः krátum sacanta mā́rutasya vedhásaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. दधार दक्षं उत्तमं अहर्विदं dādhā́ra dákṣam uttamám aharvídam (12 syllables)
- D. व्रजं च विष्णुः सखिवाँ अपोर्णुते vrajám ca víṣṇuḥ sákhivān aporṇuté (12 syllables)
तम (tám)
him, that
स्य (asya)
his
राजा (rā́jā)
king
वरुणः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna (a sky god, preserver of cosmic order)
तम (tám)
him, that
अश्विना (aśvínā)
the Ashvins (divine twins associated with healing and dawn)
क्रतुं (krátum)
will, intention, power
सचन्त (sacanta)
they follow, they accompany (3rd person plural)
मारुतस्य (mā́rutasya)
of the Maruts (storm deities)
वेधसः (vedhásaḥ)
of the creator, ordainer
दधार (dādhā́ra)
he holds, he supports (past tense)
दक्षं (dákṣam)
power, strength, ability
उत्तमं (uttamám)
supreme, highest
अहर्विदं (aharvídam)
knowing the day, revealing the day
व्रजं (vrajám)
enclosure, stable, wealth (often cattle)
च (ca)
and
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
Vishnu
सखिवाँ (sákhivān)
having a friend, accompanied by a friend
अपोर्णुते (aporṇuté)
he uncovers, he reveals (middle voice)
Stanza 1.156.5
आ यो वि॒वाय॑ स॒चथा॑य॒ दैव्य॒ इन्द्रा॑य॒ विष्णुः॑ सु॒कृते॑ सु॒कृत्त॑रः | वे॒धा अ॑जिन्वत्त्रिषध॒स्थ आर्य॑मृ॒तस्य॑ भा॒गे यज॑मान॒माभ॑जत् ||
ā́ yó vivā́ya sacáthāya daívya índrāya víṣṇuḥ sukŕ̥te sukŕ̥ttaraḥ vedhā́ ajinvat triṣadhasthá ā́ryam r̥tásya bhāgé yájamānam ā́bhajat
He, the divine Vishnu, came for fellowship, even more divine for the divine Indra. As the Maker, enthroned in three realms, he energized the righteous and gave the worshipper their share of the cosmic order.
This verse praises Vishnu for his divine actions and his support of both Indra and humans. It describes Vishnu as a 'godly' being who came for 'fellowship' and is even more 'godly' than the already godly Indra. He is the 'Maker' and 'throned in three worlds,' who sustains righteous people ('Arya') and ensures the worshipper receives their rightful share of the cosmic order ('Rta').
Meter: Jagati
- A. आ यः विवाय सचथाय दैव्य ā́ yáḥ vivā́ya sacáthāya daívyaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्राय विष्णुः सुकृते सुकृत्त रः índrāya víṣṇuḥ sukŕ̥te sukŕ̥ttaraḥ (12 syllables)
- C. वेधाः अजिन्वत् त्रिषधस्थ आर्यं vedhā́ḥ ajinvat triṣadhastháḥ ā́ryam (12 syllables)
- D. ऋतस्य भागे यजमानं आ अभ जत् r̥tásya bhāgé yájamānam ā́ abhajat (12 syllables)
आ (ā́)
towards, up to (prefix)
यः (yáḥ)
who
विवाय (vivā́ya)
he came, he arrived
सचथाय (sacáthāya)
for fellowship, for company
दैव्य (daívyaḥ)
divine, heavenly
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
to Indra
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
Vishnu
सुकृते (sukŕ̥te)
to the doer of good deeds, the righteous
सुकृत्त रः (sukŕ̥ttaraḥ)
more righteous, more divine
वेधाः (vedhā́ḥ)
creator, maker, ordainer
अजिन्वत् (ajinvat)
he quickened, he energized (past tense)
त्रिषधस्थ (triṣadhastháḥ)
seated in three realms (heaven, earth, atmosphere)
आर्यं (ā́ryam)
the Arya, the noble, the righteous one
ऋतस्य (r̥tásya)
of the cosmic order, truth
भागे (bhāgé)
in the share, in the portion
यजमानं (yájamānam)
the worshipper, the sacrificer
आ (ā́)
towards, up to (prefix)
अभ जत् (abhajat)
he shared, he allotted (past tense)