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Stanza 1.105.1
च॒न्द्रमा॑ अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा सु॑प॒र्णो धा॑वते दि॒वि | न वो॑ हिरण्यनेमयः प॒दं वि॑न्दन्ति विद्युतो वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
candrámā apsv àntár ā́ suparṇó dhāvate diví ná vo hiraṇyanemayaḥ padáṁ vindanti vidyuto vittám me asyá rodasī
The Moon moves within the waters, a beautiful winged being in the sky. Oh, lightning with your golden wheels, humans can't find your resting place. Understand my sorrow, O Earth and Heaven!
This hymn begins by describing the moon as a beautiful, winged entity moving across the heavens, like a celestial chariot. The speaker then addresses the lightning bolts, with their golden wheels, stating that their true location is elusive. Finally, the speaker appeals to Earth and Heaven (Rodasī) to acknowledge their sorrow.
Meter: Pankti
- A. च॒न्द्रमा॑ अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा धावते candrámāḥ apsú antár ā́ (8 syllables)
- B. सुप॒र्णो धावते दि॒वि suparṇáḥ dhāvate diví (8 syllables)
- C. न वो हिरण्यनेमयः ná vaḥ hiraṇyanemayaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. प॒दं विन्दन्ति विद्युतो padám vindanti vidyutaḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
च॒न्द्रमा॑ (candrámāḥ)
Moon
अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा (apsú)
in waters
अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा (antár)
within
धावते (ā́)
moving
सुप॒र्णो (suparṇáḥ)
beautifully winged
धावते (dhāvate)
runs
दि॒वि (diví)
in the sky
न (ná)
not
वो (vaḥ)
your
हिरण्यनेमयः (hiraṇyanemayaḥ)
with golden wheels
प॒दं (padám)
place
विन्दन्ति (vindanti)
find
विद्युतो (vidyutaḥ)
lightning flashes
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
know
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.2
अर्थ॒मिद्वा उ॑ अ॒र्थिन॒ आ जा॒या यु॑वते॒ पति॑म् | तु॒ञ्जाते॒ वृष्ण्यं॒ पयः॑ परि॒दाय॒ रसं॑ दुहे वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
ártham íd vā́ u arthína ā́ jāyā́ yuvate pátim tuñjā́te vŕ̥ṣṇyam páyaḥ paridā́ya rásaṁ duhe vittám me asyá rodasī
People truly desire and achieve their goals. The wife clings to her husband. They enjoy shared pleasure and intimacy. Understand my suffering, O Earth and Heaven!
This verse describes the strong desires and fulfillments of beings. It uses the analogy of a wife clinging to her husband and the shared intimacy that follows. The 'taking' and 'giving' refers to a deep connection and pleasure. The speaker concludes by calling upon Earth and Heaven to acknowledge their suffering.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अर्थ॒मिद्वा अर्थ॒मिद्वा अर्थ॒मिद्वा उ अ॒र्थिन ártham ít vaí u arthínaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. आ जा॒या यु॒वते पति॑म् ā́ jāyā́ yuvate pátim (8 syllables)
- C. तु॒ञ्जाते वृ॒ष्ण्यं पयः॑ tuñjā́te vŕ̥ṣṇyam páyaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. परि॒दाय रसं दुहे paridā́ya rásam duhe (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अर्थ॒मिद्वा (ártham)
goal, desire
अर्थ॒मिद्वा (ít)
indeed
अर्थ॒मिद्वा (vaí)
indeed
उ (u)
particle
अ॒र्थिन (arthínaḥ)
desiring
आ (ā́)
near
जा॒या (jāyā́)
wife
यु॒वते (yuvate)
joins
पति॑म् (pátim)
husband
तु॒ञ्जाते (tuñjā́te)
they enjoy/share
वृ॒ष्ण्यं (vŕ̥ṣṇyam)
strength, vigor
पयः॑ (páyaḥ)
essence
परि॒दाय (paridā́ya)
embracing
रसं (rásam)
essence, juice, pleasure
दुहे (duhe)
milks, yields
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.3
मो षु दे॑वा अ॒दः स्व१॒॑रव॑ पादि दि॒वस्परि॑ | मा सो॒म्यस्य॑ श॒म्भुवः॒ शूने॑ भूम॒ कदा॑ च॒न वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
mó ṣú devā adáḥ svàr áva pādi divás pári mā́ somyásya śambhúvaḥ śū́ne bhūma kádā caná vittám me asyá rodasī
May that divine light not fall from the sky, O Gods! May the source of well-being, like Soma, never fail us. Understand my plight, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker implores the Gods not to let that divine light (Svar) fall from the sky. They express a hope that the source of happiness and well-being, like Soma, will never fail them. The plea is directed to Earth and Heaven to witness their distress.
Meter: Pankti
- A. मा षु दे दे॒वा अ॒दः स्व१॒॑रव mā́ u sú devāḥ adáḥ ~ adó svàr (8 syllables)
- B. पादि दि॒वस्परि दि॒वस्परि प॒रि áva pādi diváḥ pári (8 syllables)
- C. मा सो॒म्यस्य॑ श॒म्भुवः mā́ somyásya śambhúvaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. शूने भू॒म कदा चन śū́ne bhūma kádā caná (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
मा (mā́)
not
षु (u)
particle
दे (sú)
particle
दे॒वा (devāḥ)
O Gods
अ॒दः (adáḥ ~ adó)
that
स्व१॒॑रव (svàr)
light, sun
पादि (áva)
down
दि॒वस्परि (pādi)
fall
दि॒वस्परि (diváḥ)
from the sky
प॒रि (pári)
around
मा (mā́)
not
सो॒म्यस्य॑ (somyásya)
of Soma
श॒म्भुवः (śambhúvaḥ)
well-being
शूने (śū́ne)
in joy/happiness
भू॒म (bhūma)
may we become
कदा (kádā)
when
चन (caná)
ever
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.4
य॒ज्ञं पृ॑च्छाम्यव॒मं स तद्दू॒तो वि वो॑चति | क्व॑ ऋ॒तं पू॒र्व्यं ग॒तं कस्तद्बि॑भर्ति॒ नूत॑नो वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
yajñám pr̥chāmy avamáṁ sá tád dūtó ví vocati kvà r̥tám pūrvyáṁ gatáṁ kás tád bibharti nū́tano vittám me asyá rodasī
I ask about the ultimate meaning of the sacrifice, and its messenger will explain. Where has the ancient divine order gone? Who upholds it now? Understand my distress, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker questions the 'sacrifice' itself, asking where its 'last' or ultimate meaning has gone. They inquire about the ancient, divine order (Rta) and who is now upholding it. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to witness their distress.
Meter: Pankti
- A. य॒ज्ञं पृ॑च्छाम्यव॒मं पृ॑च्छाम्यव॒मं yajñám pr̥chāmi avamám (8 syllables)
- B. स तद्बि॑भर्ति तद्दू॒तो वि वोचति sá tát dūtáḥ ví vocati (8 syllables)
- C. क्व ऋ॒तं पू॒र्व्यं ग॒तं kvà r̥tám pūrvyám gatám (8 syllables)
- D. कस्तद्बि॑भर्ति तद्बि॑भर्ति बि॒भर्ति नूत॑नो káḥ tát bibharti nū́tanaḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
य॒ज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice
पृ॑च्छाम्यव॒मं (pr̥chāmi)
I ask
पृ॑च्छाम्यव॒मं (avamám)
last, ultimate
स (sá)
that
तद्बि॑भर्ति (tát)
it
तद्दू॒तो (dūtáḥ)
messenger
वि (ví)
away
वोचति (vocati)
speaks
क्व (kvà)
where
ऋ॒तं (r̥tám)
divine order
पू॒र्व्यं (pūrvyám)
ancient
ग॒तं (gatám)
gone
कस्तद्बि॑भर्ति (káḥ)
who
तद्बि॑भर्ति (tát)
it
बि॒भर्ति (bibharti)
upholds
नूत॑नो (nū́tanaḥ)
new
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.5
अ॒मी ये दे॑वाः॒ स्थन॑ त्रि॒ष्वा रो॑च॒ने दि॒वः | कद्व॑ ऋ॒तं कदनृ॑तं॒ क्व॑ प्र॒त्ना व॒ आहु॑तिर्वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
amī́ yé devā sthána triṣv ā́ rocané diváḥ kád va r̥táṁ kád ánr̥taṁ kvà pratnā́ va ā́hutir vittám me asyá rodasī
You Gods, who exist in the three bright realms of the sky, what do you consider truth and untruth? Where has my ancient call gone? Understand my distress, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker addresses the Gods residing in the three bright realms of the sky. They question what the Gods consider to be truth and untruth, and where their ancient invocation has gone. This plea is directed to Earth and Heaven, asking them to acknowledge the speaker's distress.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अ॒मी ये दे॑वाः स्थन amī́ yé devāḥ sthána (7 syllables)
- B. त्रि॒ष्वा आ रो॑च॒ने दि॒वः triṣú ā́ rocané diváḥ (8 syllables)
- C. कदनृ॑तं व ऋ॒तं कदनृ॑तं कदनृ॑तं kát vaḥ r̥tám kát ánr̥tam (8 syllables)
- D. क्व प्र॒त्ना व आहु॑तिर् kvà pratnā́ vaḥ ā́hutiḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अ॒मी (amī́)
those
ये (yé)
who
दे॑वाः (devāḥ)
O Gods
स्थन (sthána)
you are
त्रि॒ष्वा (triṣú)
in the three
आ (ā́)
in
रो॑च॒ने (rocané)
shining places
दि॒वः (diváḥ)
of the sky
कदनृ॑तं (kát)
what
व (vaḥ)
your
ऋ॒तं (r̥tám)
truth
कदनृ॑तं (kát)
what
कदनृ॑तं (ánr̥tam)
untruth
क्व (kvà)
where
प्र॒त्ना (pratnā́)
ancient
व (vaḥ)
your
आहु॑तिर् (ā́hutiḥ)
offering, invocation
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.6
कद्व॑ ऋ॒तस्य॑ धर्ण॒सि कद्वरु॑णस्य॒ चक्ष॑णम् | कद॑र्य॒म्णो म॒हस्प॒थाति॑ क्रामेम दू॒ढ्यो॑ वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
kád va r̥tásya dharṇasí kád váruṇasya cákṣaṇam kád aryamṇó mahás pathā́ti krāmema dūḍhyò vittám me asyá rodasī
What is the foundation of the divine order? What is Varuna's watchful gaze? How can we overcome the wicked on the path of the great Aryaman? Understand my struggle, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker seeks to understand the foundation of the cosmic order (Rta) and the watchful eye of Varuna. They ask how they can overcome the obstacles and wicked influences on the path guided by the great Aryaman, appealing to Earth and Heaven to witness their struggle.
Meter: Pankti
- A. कद वो ऋ॒तस्य॑ ध॒र्ण॒सि kát vaḥ r̥tásya dharṇasí (8 syllables)
- B. कद व॒रु॑णस्य च॒क्ष॑णम् kát váruṇasya cákṣaṇam (8 syllables)
- C. कद र्य॒म्णो म॒हस्प॒थाति म॒हस्प॒थाति kát aryamṇáḥ maháḥ pathā́ (8 syllables)
- D. अति क्रामेम दू॒ढ्यो áti krāmema dūḍhyàḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
कद (kát)
how
वो (vaḥ)
your
ऋ॒तस्य॑ (r̥tásya)
of the divine order
ध॒र्ण॒सि (dharṇasí)
support, foundation
कद (kát)
how
व॒रु॑णस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuna
च॒क्ष॑णम् (cákṣaṇam)
gaze, sight
कद (kát)
how
र्य॒म्णो (aryamṇáḥ)
of Aryaman
म॒हस्प॒थाति (maháḥ)
great
म॒हस्प॒थाति (pathā́)
on the path
अति (áti)
beyond
क्रामेम (krāmema)
may we cross over
दू॒ढ्यो (dūḍhyàḥ)
wicked, obstructive
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.7
अ॒हं सो अ॑स्मि॒ यः पु॒रा सु॒ते वदा॑मि॒ कानि॑ चित् | तं मा॑ व्यन्त्या॒ध्यो॒३॒॑ वृको॒ न तृ॒ष्णजं॑ मृ॒गं वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
aháṁ só asmi yáḥ purā́ suté vádāmi kā́ni cit tám mā vyanty ādhyò vŕ̥ko ná tr̥ṣṇájam mr̥gáṁ vittám me asyá rodasī
I am the one who spoke praises when Soma was pressed. But worries afflict me like a wolf attacking a thirsty deer. Understand my suffering, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker identifies themself as someone who spoke praises when Soma was pressed. However, they are now tormented by worries, which are compared to a wolf attacking a thirsty deer. They call upon Earth and Heaven to witness their suffering.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अ॒हं सो अस्मि यः पु॒रा ahám sáḥ asmi yáḥ purā́ (8 syllables)
- B. सु॒ते वदा॑मि कानि चित् suté vádāmi kā́ni cit (8 syllables)
- C. तं मा व्यन्त्या॒ध्यो आ॒ध्यो tám mā vyanti ādhyàḥ (8 syllables)
- D. वृको न तृ॒ष्णजं मृ॒गं vŕ̥kaḥ ná tr̥ṣṇájam mr̥gám (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अ॒हं (ahám)
I
सो (sáḥ)
that
अस्मि (asmi)
am
यः (yáḥ)
who
पु॒रा (purā́)
in the past
सु॒ते (suté)
when pressed (Soma)
वदा॑मि (vádāmi)
I speak
कानि (kā́ni)
many
चित् (cit)
indeed
तं (tám)
that
मा (mā)
me
व्यन्त्या॒ध्यो (vyanti)
afflict, consume
आ॒ध्यो (ādhyàḥ)
afflictions, worries
वृको (vŕ̥kaḥ)
wolf
न (ná)
like
तृ॒ष्णजं (tr̥ṣṇájam)
thirsty
मृ॒गं (mr̥gám)
deer
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.8
सं मा॑ तपन्त्य॒भितः॑ स॒पत्नी॑रिव॒ पर्श॑वः | मूषो॒ न शि॒श्ना व्य॑दन्ति मा॒ध्यः॑ स्तो॒तारं॑ ते शतक्रतो वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
sám mā tapanty abhítaḥ sapátnīr iva párśavaḥ mū́ṣo ná śiśnā́ vy àdanti mādhyà stotā́raṁ te śatakrato vittám me asyá rodasī
Pains surround me like jealous rivals. They consume me, like rats devour threads. O Indra of mighty power, understand my suffering, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker feels tormented by pains, like rival wives surrounding someone. These pains are described as consuming them, similar to how rats eat threads. The speaker addresses Indra (Śatakratu) and calls upon Earth and Heaven to witness their suffering.
Meter: Pankti
- A. सं मा तपन्त्य॒भितः तपन्त्य॒भितः sám mā tapanti abhítas (8 syllables)
- B. स॒पत्नी॑रिव स॒पत्नी॑रिव प॒र्श॑वः sapátnīḥ iva párśavaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. मूषो न शि॒श्ना व्य अदन्ति मा मा॒ध्यः mū́ṣaḥ ná śiśnā́ ví adanti mā ādhyàḥ (12 syllables)
- D. स्तो॒तारं ते शतक्रतो stotā́ram te śatakrato (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
सं (sám)
together
मा (mā)
me
तपन्त्य॒भितः (tapanti)
burn, torment
तपन्त्य॒भितः (abhítas)
on all sides
स॒पत्नी॑रिव (sapátnīḥ)
rival wives
स॒पत्नी॑रिव (iva)
like
प॒र्श॑वः (párśavaḥ)
ribs, sides
मूषो (mū́ṣaḥ)
mice, rats
न (ná)
like
शि॒श्ना (śiśnā́)
threads (of a weaver)
व्य (ví)
away
अदन्ति (adanti)
eat, consume
मा (mā)
me
मा॒ध्यः (ādhyàḥ)
afflictions
स्तो॒तारं (stotā́ram)
singer, worshipper
ते (te)
your
शतक्रतो (śatakrato)
O Indra (of hundred powers)
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.9
अ॒मी ये स॒प्त र॒श्मय॒स्तत्रा॑ मे॒ नाभि॒रात॑ता | त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा॒प्त्यः स जा॑मि॒त्वाय॑ रेभति वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
amī́ yé saptá raśmáyas tátrā me nā́bhir ā́tatā tritás tád vedāptyáḥ sá jāmitvā́ya rebhati vittám me asyá rodasī
Those seven rays are shining, and from there my connections extend. Trita Aptya knows this and promotes unity. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker points to seven rays (likely of the sun or divine light) in the sky, from which their home and connections extend. Trita Aptya knows this and speaks for unity. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to acknowledge their plight.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अ॒मी ये स॒प्त र॒श्मय॒ amī́ yé saptá raśmáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. तत्रा मे नाभि॒रात॑ता नाभि॒रात॑ता tátra + me nā́bhiḥ ā́tatā (8 syllables)
- C. त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा आ॒प्त्यः tritáḥ tát veda āptyáḥ (8 syllables)
- D. स जा॒मि॒त्वाय॑ रेभति sá jāmitvā́ya rebhati (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अ॒मी (amī́)
those
ये (yé)
who
स॒प्त (saptá)
seven
र॒श्मय॒ (raśmáyaḥ)
rays
तत्रा (tátra +)
there
मे (me)
my
नाभि॒रात॑ता (nā́bhiḥ)
navel, connection, home
नाभि॒रात॑ता (ā́tatā)
extended
त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा (tritáḥ)
Trita (a sage)
त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा (tát)
that
त्रि॒तस्तद्वे॑दा (veda)
knows
आ॒प्त्यः (āptyáḥ)
Aptya (an epithet of Trita)
स (sá)
he
जा॒मि॒त्वाय॑ (jāmitvā́ya)
for brotherhood, unity
रेभति (rebhati)
speaks, sings
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.10
अ॒मी ये पञ्चो॒क्षणो॒ मध्ये॑ त॒स्थुर्म॒हो दि॒वः | दे॒व॒त्रा नु प्र॒वाच्यं॑ सध्रीची॒ना नि वा॑वृतुर्वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
amī́ yé páñcokṣáṇo mádhye tasthúr mahó diváḥ devatrā́ nú pravā́cyaṁ sadhrīcīnā́ ní vāvr̥tur vittám me asyá rodasī
Those five powerful beings stand in the midst of the great sky. They have come together and turned back. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker observes five powerful entities ('bulls' or forces) stationed in the middle of the vast sky. They have returned together, possibly after conveying praises or messages to the Gods. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to witness their situation.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अ॒मी ये पञ्चो॒क्षणो पञ्चो॒क्षणो amī́ yé páñca ukṣáṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मध्ये त॒स्थुर्म॒हो म॒हो दि॒वः mádhye tasthúḥ maháḥ diváḥ (8 syllables)
- C. दे॒व॒त्रा नु प्र॒वाच्यं devatrā́ nú pravā́cyam (8 syllables)
- D. सध्रीची॒ना नि वावृतुर् sadhrīcīnā́ḥ ní vāvr̥tuḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अ॒मी (amī́)
those
ये (yé)
who
पञ्चो॒क्षणो (páñca)
five
पञ्चो॒क्षणो (ukṣáṇaḥ)
bulls, strong beings
मध्ये (mádhye)
in the middle
त॒स्थुर्म॒हो (tasthúḥ)
stood
म॒हो (maháḥ)
great
दि॒वः (diváḥ)
of the sky
दे॒व॒त्रा (devatrā́)
towards the gods
नु (nú)
now
प्र॒वाच्यं (pravā́cyam)
worthy of proclamation
सध्रीची॒ना (sadhrīcīnā́ḥ)
together
नि (ní)
down
वावृतुर् (vāvr̥tuḥ)
returned, turned back
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.11
सु॒प॒र्णा ए॒त आ॑सते॒ मध्य॑ आ॒रोध॑ने दि॒वः | ते से॑धन्ति प॒थो वृकं॒ तर॑न्तं य॒ह्वती॑र॒पो वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
suparṇā́ etá āsate mádhya āródhane diváḥ té sedhanti pathó vŕ̥kaṁ tárantaṁ yahvátīr apó vittám me asyá rodasī
These beautifully winged beings sit in the middle of the sky. They guard the path, turning away the wolf trying to cross the great waters. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
Beautifully winged beings ('birds') are seated high in the middle of the sky. They protect the path, driving away a wolf that attempts to cross the vast waters. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to witness their situation.
Meter: Pankti
- A. सु॒प॒र्णा ए आसते suparṇā́ḥ eté āsate (8 syllables)
- B. मध्य आ॒रोध॑ने दि॒वः mádhye āródhane diváḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ते सेधन्ति प॒थो वृकं té sedhanti patháḥ vŕ̥kam (8 syllables)
- D. त॒रन्तं य॒ह्वती अ॒पो tárantam yahvátīḥ apáḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
सु॒प॒र्णा (suparṇā́ḥ)
beautifully winged ones
ए (eté)
these
आसते (āsate)
sit
मध्य (mádhye)
in the middle
आ॒रोध॑ने (āródhane)
in the ascent
दि॒वः (diváḥ)
of the sky
ते (té)
they
सेधन्ति (sedhanti)
repel, drive away
प॒थो (patháḥ)
from the path
वृकं (vŕ̥kam)
wolf
त॒रन्तं (tárantam)
crossing over
य॒ह्वती (yahvátīḥ)
vast, flowing
अ॒पो (apáḥ)
waters
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.12
नव्यं॒ तदु॒क्थ्यं॑ हि॒तं देवा॑सः सुप्रवाच॒नम् | ऋ॒तम॑र्षन्ति॒ सिन्ध॑वः स॒त्यं ता॑तान॒ सूर्यो॑ वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
návyaṁ tád ukthyàṁ hitáṁ dévāsaḥ supravācanám r̥tám arṣanti síndhavaḥ satyáṁ tātāna sū́ryo vittám me asyá rodasī
This new praise-hymn is fitting and declared among the Gods. The flowing rivers follow the divine order; the Sun extends truth. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
This new hymn is worthy of praise and is well-proclaimed among the Gods. The flowing rivers follow the cosmic order (Rta), and the Sun extends truth. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to understand their plight.
Meter: Pankti
- A. नव्यं तदु॒क्थ्यं तदु॒क्थ्यं हि॒तं návyam tát ukthyàm hitám (8 syllables)
- B. देवा॑सः सुप्रवाच॒नम् dévāsaḥ supravācanám (8 syllables)
- C. ऋ॒तम अ॒र्षन्ति सिन्ध॑वः r̥tám arṣanti síndhavaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. स॒त्यं ता॒तान सूर्यो satyám tātāna sū́ryaḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
नव्यं (návyam)
new
तदु॒क्थ्यं (tát)
this
तदु॒क्थ्यं (ukthyàm)
praiseworthy
हि॒तं (hitám)
established, fixed
देवा॑सः (dévāsaḥ)
O Gods
सुप्रवाच॒नम् (supravācanám)
well-spoken, clearly proclaimed
ऋ॒तम (r̥tám)
divine order
अ॒र्षन्ति (arṣanti)
flow
सिन्ध॑वः (síndhavaḥ)
rivers
स॒त्यं (satyám)
truth
ता॒तान (tātāna)
extended
सूर्यो (sū́ryaḥ)
Sun
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.13
अग्ने॒ तव॒ त्यदु॒क्थ्यं॑ दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् | स नः॑ स॒त्तो म॑नु॒ष्वदा दे॒वान्य॑क्षि वि॒दुष्ट॑रो वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
ágne táva tyád ukthyàṁ devéṣv asty ā́pyam sá naḥ sattó manuṣvád ā́ devā́n yakṣi vidúṣṭaro vittám me asyá rodasī
Agni, your relationship with the Gods is worthy of praise. Sit among us like a mortal. You, the wisest, bring the Gods for sacrifice. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker acknowledges Agni's worthy kinship with the Gods and asks him to sit like a mortal. They recognize Agni as the wisest one to bring the Gods for sacrifice. This plea is made to Earth and Heaven to witness their situation.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अग्ने तव त्यदु॒क्थ्यं त्यदु॒क्थ्यं ágne táva tyát ukthyàm (8 syllables)
- B. दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् devéṣu asti ā́pyam (8 syllables)
- C. स नः स॒त्तो म॒नु॒ष्वदा आ sá naḥ sattáḥ manuṣvát ā́ (8 syllables)
- D. दे॒वान्य॑क्षि दे॒वान्य॑क्षि वि॒दुष्ट॑रो devā́n yakṣi vidúṣṭaraḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni (Fire God)
तव (táva)
your
त्यदु॒क्थ्यं (tyát)
that
त्यदु॒क्थ्यं (ukthyàm)
praiseworthy
दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् (devéṣu)
among the Gods
दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् (asti)
is
दे॒वेष्व॒स्त्याप्य॑म् (ā́pyam)
kinship, relationship
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
us
स॒त्तो (sattáḥ)
seated
म॒नु॒ष्वदा (manuṣvát)
like a mortal
आ (ā́)
here
दे॒वान्य॑क्षि (devā́n)
Gods
दे॒वान्य॑क्षि (yakṣi)
bring, offer
वि॒दुष्ट॑रो (vidúṣṭaraḥ)
most knowing
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.14
स॒त्तो होता॑ मनु॒ष्वदा दे॒वाँ अच्छा॑ वि॒दुष्ट॑रः | अ॒ग्निर्ह॒व्या सु॑षूदति दे॒वो दे॒वेषु॒ मेधि॑रो वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
sattó hótā manuṣvád ā́ devā́m̐ áchā vidúṣṭaraḥ agnír havyā́ suṣūdati devó devéṣu médhiro vittám me asyá rodasī
Seated like a mortal priest, Agni, the most knowing, leads the offerings to the Gods. He is a divine and wise being among the Gods. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
Agni, the priest-like figure, is seated and, being the most knowing, leads the oblations to the Gods. He is a divine being among the Gods, full of wisdom. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to witness their situation.
Meter: Pankti
- A. स॒त्तो होता म॒नु॒ष्वदा आ sattáḥ hótā manuṣvát ā́ (8 syllables)
- B. दे॒वाँ अच्छा वि॒दुष्ट॑रः devā́n ácha + vidúṣṭaraḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अ॒ग्निर् ह॒व्या सु॒षू॒दति agníḥ havyā́ suṣūdati (8 syllables)
- D. दे॒वो दे॒वेषु॒ मेधि॑रः deváḥ devéṣu médhiraḥ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
स॒त्तो (sattáḥ)
seated
होता (hótā)
priest
म॒नु॒ष्वदा (manuṣvát)
like a mortal
आ (ā́)
here
दे॒वाँ (devā́n)
Gods
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards
वि॒दुष्ट॑रः (vidúṣṭaraḥ)
most knowing
अ॒ग्निर् (agníḥ)
Agni
ह॒व्या (havyā́)
offerings
सु॒षू॒दति (suṣūdati)
leads forward, facilitates
दे॒वो (deváḥ)
God
दे॒वेषु॒ (devéṣu)
among the Gods
मेधि॑रः (médhiraḥ)
wise, intelligent
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.15
ब्रह्मा॑ कृणोति॒ वरु॑णो गातु॒विदं॒ तमी॑महे | व्यू॑र्णोति हृ॒दा म॒तिं नव्यो॑ जायतामृ॒तं वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
bráhmā kr̥ṇoti váruṇo gātuvídaṁ tám īmahe vy ūā̀rṇoti hr̥dā́ matíṁ návyo jāyatām r̥táṁ vittám me asyá rodasī
Varuna creates the sacred word. We pray to him who finds the way. He reveals thought in the heart. May a new divine order arise. Understand my suffering, O Earth and Heaven!
Varuna creates the divine chant. The speaker prays to him, seeking guidance and clarity. Varuna reveals his thoughts in the heart, and the speaker wishes for a new, revitalized cosmic order (Rta). They ask Earth and Heaven to acknowledge their suffering.
Meter: Pankti
- A. ब्रह्मा कृणोति व॒रु॑णो bráhma + kr̥ṇoti váruṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. गातु॒विदं तमी॑महे तमी॑महे gātuvídam tám īmahe (8 syllables)
- C. व्यू र्णोति हृ॒दा म॒तिं ví ūrṇoti hr̥dā́ matím (8 syllables)
- D. नव्यो जायतामृ॒तं जायतामृ॒तं návyaḥ jāyatām r̥tám (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
ब्रह्मा (bráhma +)
sacred word, prayer
कृणोति (kr̥ṇoti)
creates
व॒रु॑णो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
गातु॒विदं (gātuvídam)
finder of the way
तमी॑महे (tám)
him
तमी॑महे (īmahe)
we pray
व्यू (ví)
apart
र्णोति (ūrṇoti)
unfolds, reveals
हृ॒दा (hr̥dā́)
from the heart
म॒तिं (matím)
thought, understanding
नव्यो (návyaḥ)
new
जायतामृ॒तं (jāyatām)
may be born
जायतामृ॒तं (r̥tám)
divine order
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.16
अ॒सौ यः पन्था॑ आदि॒त्यो दि॒वि प्र॒वाच्यं॑ कृ॒तः | न स दे॑वा अति॒क्रमे॒ तं म॑र्तासो॒ न प॑श्यथ वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
asaú yáḥ pánthā ādityó diví pravā́cyaṁ kr̥táḥ ná sá devā atikráme tám martāso ná paśyatha vittám me asyá rodasī
That path of the Sun in the sky is highly praised. It is not to be transgressed, O Gods. But mortals, you do not see it. Understand my distress, O Earth and Heaven!
The speaker points to the path of the Sun in the sky, which is meant to be highly praised. This path is not to be crossed, and the speaker laments that mortals do not see it. They call upon Earth and Heaven to witness their distress.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अ॒सौ यः पन्था आदि॒त्यो asaú yáḥ pánthāḥ ādityáḥ (8 syllables)
- B. दि॒वि प्र॒वाच्यं कृ॒तः diví pravā́cyam kr̥táḥ (8 syllables)
- C. न स दे अति॒क्रमे ná sá devāḥ atikráme (8 syllables)
- D. तं मर्तासो न प॒श्यथ tám martāsaḥ ná paśyatha (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अ॒सौ (asaú)
that
यः (yáḥ)
which
पन्था (pánthāḥ)
path
आदि॒त्यो (ādityáḥ)
Solar
दि॒वि (diví)
in the sky
प्र॒वाच्यं (pravā́cyam)
worthy of proclamation
कृ॒तः (kr̥táḥ)
made
न (ná)
not
स (sá)
that
दे (devāḥ)
O Gods
अति॒क्रमे (atikráme)
to transgress
तं (tám)
that
मर्तासो (martāsaḥ)
O mortals
न (ná)
not
प॒श्यथ (paśyatha)
you see
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.17
त्रि॒तः कूपेऽव॑हितो दे॒वान्ह॑वत ऊ॒तये॑ | तच्छु॑श्राव॒ बृह॒स्पतिः॑ कृ॒ण्वन्नं॑हूर॒णादु॒रु वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
tritáḥ kū́pé 'vahito devā́n havata ūtáye tác chuśrāva bŕ̥haspátiḥ kr̥ṇvánn aṁhūraṇā́d urú vittám me asyá rodasī
Trita, fallen into a well, calls the Gods for help. Brihaspati heard this and freed him from distress. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
Trita, trapped in a well, calls for divine help. Brihaspati hears this call and rescues him from distress. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to witness their plight.
Meter: Pankti
- A. त्रि॒तः कूपे अव॒हितो tritáḥ kū́pe ávahitaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. दे॒वान्ह॑वत दे॒वान्ह॑वत ऊ॒तये devā́n havate ūtáye (8 syllables)
- C. तच्छु॑श्राव तच्छु॑श्राव बृ॒ह॒स्पतिः tát śuśrāva bŕ̥haspátiḥ (8 syllables)
- D. कृ॒ण्वन्नं॑हूर॒णादु कृ॒ण्वन्नं॑हूर॒णादु उ॒रु kr̥ṇván aṃhūraṇā́t urú (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
त्रि॒तः (tritáḥ)
Trita (a mythical figure)
कूपे (kū́pe)
in a well
अव॒हितो (ávahitaḥ)
fallen, placed
दे॒वान्ह॑वत (devā́n)
Gods
दे॒वान्ह॑वत (havate)
calls
ऊ॒तये (ūtáye)
for help
तच्छु॑श्राव (tát)
that
तच्छु॑श्राव (śuśrāva)
heard
बृ॒ह॒स्पतिः (bŕ̥haspátiḥ)
Brihaspati (Lord of Prayer)
कृ॒ण्वन्नं॑हूर॒णादु (kr̥ṇván)
making
कृ॒ण्वन्नं॑हूर॒णादु (aṃhūraṇā́t)
from distress
उ॒रु (urú)
wide, spacious
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.18
अ॒रु॒णो मा॑ स॒कृद्वृकः॑ प॒था यन्तं॑ द॒दर्श॒ हि | उज्जि॑हीते नि॒चाय्या॒ तष्टे॑व पृष्ट्याम॒यी वि॒त्तं मे॑ अ॒स्य रो॑दसी ||
aruṇó mā sakŕ̥d vŕ̥kaḥ pathā́ yántaṁ dadárśa hí új jihīte nicā́yyā táṣṭeva pr̥ṣṭyāmayī́ vittám me asyá rodasī
A red wolf saw me once while I was traveling on the path. Like a craftsman with back pain, it crouched and moved away. Understand my situation, O Earth and Heaven!
A red wolf saw the speaker traveling on the path. The wolf, like a craftsman with a sore back, crouched down and moved away. The speaker asks Earth and Heaven to witness this event.
Meter: Pankti
- A. अ॒रु॒णो मा स॒कृद्वृकः स॒कृद्वृकः aruṇáḥ mā sakŕ̥t vŕ̥kaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. प॒था यन्तं द॒दर्श॒ हि pathā́ yántam dadárśa hí (8 syllables)
- C. उज्जि॑हीते उज्जि॑हीते नि॒चाय्या út jihīte nicā́yya + (8 syllables)
- D. तष्टे॑व तष्टे॑व पृष्ट्याम॒यी táṣṭā iva pr̥ṣṭyāmayī́ (8 syllables)
- E. वि॒त्तं मे अ॒स्य रो॑दसी vittám me asyá rodasī (8 syllables)
अ॒रु॒णो (aruṇáḥ)
red
मा (mā)
me
स॒कृद्वृकः (sakŕ̥t)
once
स॒कृद्वृकः (vŕ̥kaḥ)
wolf
प॒था (pathā́)
on the path
यन्तं (yántam)
traveling
द॒दर्श॒ (dadárśa)
saw
हि (hí)
indeed
उज्जि॑हीते (út)
up
उज्जि॑हीते (jihīte)
moves away
नि॒चाय्या (nicā́yya +)
having seen
तष्टे॑व (táṣṭā)
craftsman, carpenter
तष्टे॑व (iva)
like
पृष्ट्याम॒यी (pr̥ṣṭyāmayī́)
weary
वि॒त्तं (vittám)
understand
मे (me)
my
अ॒स्य (asyá)
of this
रो॑दसी (rodasī)
O Earth and Heaven
Stanza 1.105.19
ए॒नाङ्गू॒षेण॑ व॒यमिन्द्र॑वन्तो॒ऽभि ष्या॑म वृ॒जने॒ सर्व॑वीराः | तन्नो॑ मि॒त्रो वरु॑णो मामहन्ता॒मदि॑तिः॒ सिन्धुः॑ पृथि॒वी उ॒त द्यौः ||
enā́ṅgūṣéṇa vayám índravanto 'bhí ṣyāma vr̥jáne sárvavīrāḥ tán no mitró váruṇo māmahantām áditiḥ síndhuḥ pr̥thivī́ utá dyaúḥ
With this song, and with Indra's help, may we, with all our heroes, conquer in battle. May Mitra, Varuna, Aditi, Sindhu, Earth, and Heaven grant us this favor.
The speaker invokes Indra and other deities (Mitra, Varuna, Aditi, Sindhu, Prithvi, Dyau) to help them conquer in battle with their heroic strength, through this song of praise. They seek divine favor and protection.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ए॒नाङ्गू॒षेण ए॒नाङ्गू॒षेण व॒यमिन्द्र॑वन्तो व॒यमिन्द्र॑वन्तो enā́ āṅgūṣéṇa vayám índravantaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अ॒भि ष्या॑म वृ॒जने सर्व॑वीराः abhí syāma vr̥jáne sárvavīrāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. तन्नो तन्नो मि॒त्रो व॒रु॑णो मा॒म॒ह॒न्तामदि॑तिः tát naḥ mitráḥ váruṇaḥ māmahantām (11 syllables)
- D. मा॒म॒ह॒न्तामदि॑तिः सिन्धुः पृथि॒वी उ॒त द्यौः áditiḥ síndhuḥ pr̥thivī́ utá dyaúḥ (11 syllables)
ए॒नाङ्गू॒षेण (enā́)
this
ए॒नाङ्गू॒षेण (āṅgūṣéṇa)
with the song/chant
व॒यमिन्द्र॑वन्तो (vayám)
we
व॒यमिन्द्र॑वन्तो (índravantaḥ)
with Indra
अ॒भि (abhí)
towards
ष्या॑म (syāma)
may we be
वृ॒जने (vr̥jáne)
in battle, in conflict
सर्व॑वीराः (sárvavīrāḥ)
with all heroes
तन्नो (tát)
that
तन्नो (naḥ)
to us
मि॒त्रो (mitráḥ)
Mitra (God of friendship)
व॒रु॑णो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
मा॒म॒ह॒न्तामदि॑तिः (māmahantām)
may they grant/bestow
मा॒म॒ह॒न्तामदि॑तिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (Goddess, mother of gods)
सिन्धुः (síndhuḥ)
River/Ocean
पृथि॒वी (pr̥thivī́)
Earth
उ॒त (utá)
and
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
Sky