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Stanza 9.79.1
अ॒चो॒दसो॑ नो धन्व॒न्त्विन्द॑वः॒ प्र सु॑वा॒नासो॑ बृ॒हद्दि॑वेषु॒ हर॑यः | वि च॒ नश॑न्न इ॒षो अरा॑तयो॒ऽर्यो न॑शन्त॒ सनि॑षन्त नो॒ धियः॑ ||
acodáso no dhanvantv índavaḥ prá suvānā́so br̥háddiveṣu hárayaḥ ví ca náśan na iṣó árātayo 'ryó naśanta sániṣanta no dhíyaḥ
May the Soma drops, pressed and golden-hued, flow abundantly for us in the great heavens. May those who do not give gifts of food perish, and may the godless perish! May our prayers achieve success.
This verse is a prayer to Soma, the divine juice, asking for its powerful flow. The poet requests that the 'Indus' (drops of Soma) should flow forth abundantly and swiftly, especially in the great heavens where the gods reside. Simultaneously, the prayer aims to banish or destroy those who are stingy and do not offer gifts of food, and also those who are godless. The ultimate goal is for the prayers and thoughts of the devotees to be successful and accepted.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अचोदसः नः धन्वन्तु इन्दवः acodásaḥ naḥ dhanvantu índavaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. प्र सुवानासः बृ dihad'd'ivesu हरयः prá suvānā́saḥ br̥háddiveṣu hárayaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. वि च नशन् नः षः अरातयः ví ca náśan naḥ iṣáḥ árātayaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अर्यः नशन्त नः धियः aryáḥ naśanta sániṣanta naḥ dhíyaḥ (12 syllables)
अचोदसः (acodásaḥ)
unrestrained
नः (naḥ)
our
धन्वन्तु (dhanvantu)
flow, move swiftly
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
प्र (prá)
forward
सुवानासः (suvānā́saḥ)
pressed out, flowing
बृ dihad'd'ivesu (br̥háddiveṣu)
in the great heavens
हरयः (hárayaḥ)
golden, shining
वि (ví)
away, apart
च (ca)
and
नशन् (náśan)
perish, disappear
नः (naḥ)
our
षः (iṣáḥ)
food
अरातयः (árātayaḥ)
those who do not give gifts, stingy ones
अर्यः (aryáḥ)
godless, impious
नशन्त (naśanta)
perish, disappear
(sániṣanta)
नः (naḥ)
our
धियः (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, prayers, devotion
Stanza 9.79.2
प्र णो॑ धन्व॒न्त्विन्द॑वो मद॒च्युतो॒ धना॑ वा॒ येभि॒रर्व॑तो जुनी॒मसि॑ | ति॒रो मर्त॑स्य॒ कस्य॑ चि॒त्परि॑ह्वृतिं व॒यं धना॑नि वि॒श्वधा॑ भरेमहि ||
prá ṇo dhanvantv índavo madacyúto dhánā vā yébhir árvato junīmási tiró mártasya kásya cit párihvr̥tiṁ vayáṁ dhánāni viśvádhā bharemahi
May the Soma drops, distilling exhilaration, flow forward to us. Like wealth for which we urge the horses, may we continually carry away all kinds of riches, overcoming the hindering craftiness of any mortal man.
This verse continues the request for the Soma juice to flow. It describes the Soma drops as 'madacyutaḥ', meaning they distill intoxication or exhilaration. The poet wishes for these drops to flow towards them, like wealth that drives horses forward. The verse also expresses a desire to overcome obstacles, specifically the 'hindrance' or 'craftiness' of any mortal man, and to continuously and successfully carry away abundant riches.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र नः धन्वन्तु इन्दवः मदच्युतः prá naḥ dhanvantu índavaḥ madacyútaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. धना वा येभिः अर्वतः जुनीमसि dhánā vā yébhiḥ árvataḥ junīmási (12 syllables)
- C. तिरो मर्तस्य कस्य चित् परिह्वृतिं tirás mártasya kásya cit párihvr̥tim (12 syllables)
- D. वयं धनानि विश्वधा भरेमहि vayám dhánāni viśvádhā bharemahi (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
नः (naḥ)
to us
धन्वन्तु (dhanvantu)
flow, move
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
मदच्युतः (madacyútaḥ)
distilling exhilaration
धना (dhánā)
wealth, riches
वा (vā)
or
येभिः (yébhiḥ)
by which, for which
अर्वतः (árvataḥ)
horses
जुनीमसि (junīmási)
we urge on, we stimulate
तिरो (tirás)
beyond, past
मर्तस्य (mártasya)
of a mortal man
कस्य (kásya)
of anyone
चित् (cit)
even
परिह्वृतिं (párihvr̥tim)
hindrance, obstruction, cunning
वयं (vayám)
we
धनानि (dhánāni)
wealth, riches
विश्वधा (viśvádhā)
everywhere, continually
भरेमहि (bharemahi)
may we bear, may we carry
Stanza 9.79.3
उ॒त स्वस्या॒ अरा॑त्या अ॒रिर्हि ष उ॒तान्यस्या॒ अरा॑त्या॒ वृको॒ हि षः | धन्व॒न्न तृष्णा॒ सम॑रीत॒ ताँ अ॒भि सोम॑ ज॒हि प॑वमान दुरा॒ध्यः॑ ||
utá svásyā árātyā arír hí ṣá utā́nyásyā árātyā vŕ̥ko hí ṣáḥ dhánvan ná tŕ̥ṣṇā sám arīta tā́m̐ abhí sóma jahí pavamāna durādhyàḥ
Indeed, the enemy of hatred is here, and the wolf is indeed here for the hatred of others. As thirst overwhelms in the desert, strike down, O Pavamana Soma, those who are hard to subdue.
This verse describes the nature of an 'arí' (enemy or foe) and a 'vr̥ka' (wolf), portraying them as destructive forces that are enemies of 'arāti' (hatred or enmity). It suggests that such foes, whether acting against themselves or others, are powerful and destructive like wolves. The verse then directly addresses Soma, the Pavamana (purifying Soma), asking it to strike down and conquer these enemies, comparing their conquest to overcoming thirst in a desert. The plea is for Soma to destroy those with bad intentions or difficult to subdue.
Meter: Jagati
- A. उत स्वस्याः अरात्याः अरिः हि स utá svásyāḥ árātyāḥ aríḥ hí sá (12 syllables)
- B. उत अन्यस्याः अरात्याः वृकः हि सः utá anyásyāḥ árātyāḥ vŕ̥kaḥ hí sáḥ (12 syllables)
- C. धन्वन् न तृष्णा सम अरीत तान् अभि dhánvan ná tŕ̥ṣṇā sám arīta tā́n abhí (12 syllables)
- D. सोम जहि पवमान दुराध्यः sóma jahí pavamāna durādhyàḥ (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and, also
स्वस्याः (svásyāḥ)
of himself
अरात्याः (árātyāḥ)
of enmity, hatred
अरिः (aríḥ)
enemy
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
स (sá)
he
उत (utá)
and, also
अन्यस्याः (anyásyāḥ)
of another
अरात्याः (árātyāḥ)
of enmity, hatred
वृकः (vŕ̥kaḥ)
wolf
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
सः (sáḥ)
he
धन्वन् (dhánvan)
in the desert, in a dry place
न (ná)
not
तृष्णा (tŕ̥ṣṇā)
thirst
सम (sám)
together, completely
अरीत (arīta)
may overcome, may encompass
तान् (tā́n)
them
अभि (abhí)
towards, against
सोम (sóma)
O Soma
जहि (jahí)
strike down, kill
पवमान (pavamāna)
O purifying one
दुराध्यः (durādhyàḥ)
hard to subdue, difficult to overcome
Stanza 9.79.4
दि॒वि ते॒ नाभा॑ पर॒मो य आ॑द॒दे पृ॑थि॒व्यास्ते॑ रुरुहुः॒ सान॑वि॒ क्षिपः॑ | अद्र॑यस्त्वा बप्सति॒ गोरधि॑ त्व॒च्य१॒॑प्सु त्वा॒ हस्तै॑र्दुदुहुर्मनी॒षिणः॑ ||
diví te nā́bhā paramó yá ādadé pr̥thivyā́s te ruruhuḥ sā́navi kṣípaḥ ádrayas tvā bapsati gór ádhi tvacy àpsú tvā hástair duduhur manīṣíṇaḥ
Your origin is in the highest heaven, and your shoots have grown forth on the earth's high ridge. The pressing stones crush you on the cow's hide; sages have milked you with their hands into the waters.
This verse describes the origin and processing of Soma. It states that Soma's 'navel' or origin is in the highest heaven, and from the peak of the earth, its descendants (the sprouts or juice) have grown. The press-stones are depicted as 'chewing' or crushing Soma on the hide of a cow (likely referring to the hide used in the pressing process). Finally, the wise sages ('manīṣiṇaḥ') are said to have 'milked' Soma with their hands, extracting its essence into the waters.
Meter: Jagati
- A. दिवि ते नाभा परमः यः आददे diví te nā́bhā paramáḥ yáḥ ādadé (12 syllables)
- B. पृथिव्याः ते रुरुहुः सानवि क्षिपः pr̥thivyā́ḥ te ruruhuḥ sā́navi kṣípaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. अद्रयः त्वा बप्सति गोः अधि त्वचि ádrayaḥ tvā bapsati góḥ ádhi tvací (12 syllables)
- D. अप् त्वा हस्तैः दुदुहुः मनीषिणः apsú tvā hástaiḥ duduhuḥ manīṣíṇaḥ (12 syllables)
दिवि (diví)
in the sky, in heaven
ते (te)
your
नाभा (nā́bhā)
at the navel, at the center, origin
परमः (paramáḥ)
highest, supreme
यः (yáḥ)
who, which
आददे (ādadé)
took, embraced
पृथिव्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
of the earth
ते (te)
your
रुरुहुः (ruruhuḥ)
grew forth, sprouted
सानवि (sā́navi)
on the summit, on the peak
क्षिपः (kṣípaḥ)
shoots, sprouts
अद्रयः (ádrayaḥ)
pressing stones
त्वा (tvā)
you
बप्सति (bapsati)
crush, chew
गोः (góḥ)
of a cow
अधि (ádhi)
on
त्वचि (tvací)
on the skin, hide
अप् (apsú)
in the waters
त्वा (tvā)
you
हस्तैः (hástaiḥ)
with hands
दुदुहुः (duduhuḥ)
milked
मनीषिणः (manīṣíṇaḥ)
wise ones, sages
Stanza 9.79.5
ए॒वा त॑ इन्दो सु॒भ्वं॑ सु॒पेश॑सं॒ रसं॑ तुञ्जन्ति प्रथ॒मा अ॑भि॒श्रियः॑ | निदं॑निदं पवमान॒ नि ता॑रिष आ॒विस्ते॒ शुष्मो॑ भवतु प्रि॒यो मदः॑ ||
evā́ ta indo subhvàṁ supéśasaṁ rásaṁ tuñjanti prathamā́ abhiśríyaḥ nídaṁ nidam pavamāna ní tāriṣa āvís te śúṣmo bhavatu priyó mádaḥ
O Indu, thus they bring together your strong and beautiful juice, the first essences. O Pavamana, subdue every single foe; may your power and beloved exhilaration be manifest.
This verse addresses Soma directly as 'Indu' and 'Pavamana'. It describes how the Soma juice, characterized as strong ('subhvam') and beautiful ('supēśasam'), is processed and prepared by the 'first' or 'foremost' beings ('prathamāḥ abhiśriyaḥ'). The poet then asks Soma to overcome and subdue every single enemy ('nidaṃ-nidam'). Finally, the verse expresses a wish that Soma's power ('śuṣmaḥ') and its joyful, intoxicating essence ('madaḥ') should be clearly manifest and pleasing.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ते इन्दो सुभ्वं सुपेशसं evá + te indo subhvàm supéśasam (12 syllables)
- B. रसं तुञ्जन्ति प्रथमाः अभिश्रियः rásam tuñjanti prathamā́ḥ abhiśríyaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. निदं-निदं पवमान नि तारिष nídaṃ-nidam pavamāna ní tāriṣaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. आविः ते शुष्मः भवतु प्रियः मदः āvís te śúṣmaḥ bhavatu priyáḥ mádaḥ (12 syllables)
(evá +)
ते (te)
your
इन्दो (indo)
O Indu (Soma)
सुभ्वं (subhvàm)
strong, powerful
सुपेशसं (supéśasam)
beautifully formed, well-shaped
रसं (rásam)
juice, essence
तुञ्जन्ति (tuñjanti)
they bring together, prepare
प्रथमाः (prathamā́ḥ)
first, foremost
अभिश्रियः (abhiśríyaḥ)
essences, attendants
निदं-निदं (nídaṃ-nidam)
every foe, every evil
पवमान (pavamāna)
O purifying one
नि (ní)
down, low
तारिष (tāriṣaḥ)
may you cross over, may you subdue
आविः (āvís)
manifest, visible
ते (te)
your
शुष्मः (śúṣmaḥ)
power, strength
भवतु (bhavatu)
may it be
प्रियः (priyáḥ)
beloved, dear
मदः (mádaḥ)
intoxication, joy