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Stanza 9.78.1
प्र राजा॒ वाचं॑ ज॒नय॑न्नसिष्यदद॒पो वसा॑नो अ॒भि गा इ॑यक्षति | गृ॒भ्णाति॑ रि॒प्रमवि॑रस्य॒ तान्वा॑ शु॒द्धो दे॒वाना॒मुप॑ याति निष्कृ॒तम् ||
prá rā́jā vā́caṁ janáyann asiṣyadad apó vásāno abhí gā́ iyakṣati gr̥bhṇā́ti riprám ávir asya tā́nvā śuddhó devā́nām úpa yāti niṣkr̥tám
The King, generating speech, began to flow, clothed in waters, he endeavors to reach the cows. He grasps the impurity; his pure essence, cleansed, goes to the designated place of the gods.
This verse describes the King (likely referring to Soma in his effervescent form) as he begins his flow, imbued with the waters. He is depicted as seeking to attain the cows, symbolizing wealth or sustenance. His essential nature, though seemingly impure like a fleece, is ultimately purified and ready to ascend to the divine realm and its appointed places.
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र राजा वाचं जनयन्न असिष्यद prá rā́jā vā́cam janáyan asiṣyadat (12 syllables)
- B. अपो अभि गा इयक्षति apáḥ vásānaḥ abhí gā́ḥ iyakṣati (12 syllables)
- C. गृभ्णाति रिप्रं अविः अस्य तान्वा gr̥bhṇā́ti riprám áviḥ asya tā́nvā (12 syllables)
- D. शुद्धो देवानां उप याति निष्कृतं śuddháḥ devā́nām úpa yāti niṣkr̥tám (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
राजा (rā́jā)
king
वाचं (vā́cam)
speech, voice
जनयन्न (janáyan)
generating, producing
असिष्यद (asiṣyadat)
flowed, streamed
अपो (apáḥ)
waters
(vásānaḥ)
अभि (abhí)
towards
गा (gā́ḥ)
cows
इयक्षति (iyakṣati)
desires, strives for
गृभ्णाति (gr̥bhṇā́ti)
grasps, seizes
रिप्रं (riprám)
impurity, spot
अविः (áviḥ)
ram's wool, fleece
अस्य (asya)
his
तान्वा (tā́nvā)
body, substance
शुद्धो (śuddháḥ)
pure, cleansed
देवानां (devā́nām)
of the gods
उप (úpa)
towards, near
याति (yāti)
goes, approaches
निष्कृतं (niṣkr̥tám)
appointed place, designated realm
Stanza 9.78.2
इन्द्रा॑य सोम॒ परि॑ षिच्यसे॒ नृभि॑र्नृ॒चक्षा॑ ऊ॒र्मिः क॒विर॑ज्यसे॒ वने॑ | पू॒र्वीर्हि ते॑ स्रु॒तयः॒ सन्ति॒ यात॑वे स॒हस्र॒मश्वा॒ हर॑यश्चमू॒षदः॑ ||
índrāya soma pári ṣicyase nŕ̥bhir nr̥cákṣā ūrmíḥ kavír ajyase váne pūrvī́r hí te srutáyaḥ sánti yā́tave sahásram áśvā hárayaś camūṣádaḥ
O Soma, you are poured for Indra by men. As a wave, a seer of men, and a sage, you are prepared in the forest. Indeed, you have many streams for flowing; a thousand bay and red horses accompany you, seated in the chariot bowls.
Soma is addressed directly, being poured out for Indra by men. His effervescent nature is described as a wave, a seer of men, and a sage, manifesting in the forest. The verse highlights that Soma has numerous paths and journeys, accompanied by a thousand bay and red horses, symbolizing its potent and pervasive essence.
Meter: Jagati
- A. इन्द्राय सोम परि षिच्यसे नृभिः índrāya soma pári sicyase nŕ̥bhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. नृचक्षा ऊर्मिः कविः ज्यसे वने nr̥cákṣāḥ ūrmíḥ kavíḥ ajyase váne (12 syllables)
- C. पूर्वीं हि ते सृतयः सन्ति यातावे pūrvī́ḥ hí te srutáyaḥ sánti yā́tave (12 syllables)
- D. सहस्रं अश्वा हरयश्च चमूषदः sahásram áśvāḥ hárayaḥ camūṣádaḥ (12 syllables)
इन्द्राय (índrāya)
for Indra
सोम (soma)
Soma (the divine juice)
परि (pári)
around, completely
षिच्यसे (sicyase)
you are poured
नृभिः (nŕ̥bhiḥ)
by men
नृचक्षा (nr̥cákṣāḥ)
seer of men
ऊर्मिः (ūrmíḥ)
wave, surge
कविः (kavíḥ)
sage, poet
ज्यसे (ajyase)
you are anointed, prepared
वने (váne)
in the forest
पूर्वीं (pūrvī́ḥ)
many, numerous
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
ते (te)
your
सृतयः (srutáyaḥ)
streams, courses
सन्ति (sánti)
are
यातावे (yā́tave)
for going, to flow
सहस्रं (sahásram)
a thousand
अश्वा (áśvāḥ)
horses
हरयश्च (hárayaḥ)
bay-colored, red
चमूषदः (camūṣádaḥ)
seated in the chariot bowls
Stanza 9.78.3
स॒मु॒द्रिया॑ अप्स॒रसो॑ मनी॒षिण॒मासी॑ना अ॒न्तर॒भि सोम॑मक्षरन् | ता ईं॑ हिन्वन्ति ह॒र्म्यस्य॑ स॒क्षणिं॒ याच॑न्ते सु॒म्नं पव॑मान॒मक्षि॑तम् ||
samudríyā apsaráso manīṣíṇam ā́sīnā antár abhí sómam akṣaran tā́ īṁ hinvanti harmyásya sakṣáṇiṁ yā́cante sumnám pávamānam ákṣitam
The Apsarasas, dwellers of the sea, sitting within, flowed towards the intelligent Soma. They urge it on, the sustainer of the house, and they seek unending favor from the purifying Soma.
Celestial beings, identified as Apsarasas dwelling in watery realms, are described as sitting together and flowing towards Soma with intelligent intent. They are said to propel Soma, the essence of the house or dwelling, and to supplicate it for enduring bliss.
Meter: Jagati
- A. समुद्रिया अप्सरस मनीषिणं samudríyāḥ apsarásaḥ manīṣíṇam (12 syllables)
- B. आसीना अन्तर अभि सोमं अक्षरन् ā́sīnāḥ antár abhí sómam akṣaran (12 syllables)
- C. ता ईं हिन्वन्ति हर्म्यस्य सक्षणिं tā́ḥ īm hinvanti harmyásya sakṣáṇim (12 syllables)
- D. याचन्ते सुम्नं पवमानं अक्षितं yā́cante sumnám pávamānam ákṣitam (12 syllables)
समुद्रिया (samudríyāḥ)
dwelling in the sea
अप्सरस (apsarásaḥ)
Apsarasas (celestial nymphs)
मनीषिणं (manīṣíṇam)
intelligent, wise
आसीना (ā́sīnāḥ)
sitting
अन्तर (antár)
within
अभि (abhí)
towards
सोमं (sómam)
Soma
अक्षरन् (akṣaran)
flowed
ता (tā́ḥ)
they (feminine)
ईं (īm)
him, it
हिन्वन्ति (hinvanti)
they urge on, impel
हर्म्यस्य (harmyásya)
of the house, dwelling
सक्षणिं (sakṣáṇim)
sustainer, supporter
याचन्ते (yā́cante)
they seek, ask for
सुम्नं (sumnám)
favor, bliss
पवमानं (pávamānam)
purifying, flowing
अक्षितं (ákṣitam)
unending, imperishable
Stanza 9.78.4
गो॒जिन्नः॒ सोमो॑ रथ॒जिद्धि॑रण्य॒जित्स्व॒र्जिद॒ब्जित्प॑वते सहस्र॒जित् | यं दे॒वास॑श्चक्रि॒रे पी॒तये॒ मदं॒ स्वादि॑ष्ठं द्र॒प्सम॑रु॒णं म॑यो॒भुव॑म् ||
gojín naḥ sómo rathajíd dhiraṇyajít svarjíd abjít pavate sahasrajít yáṁ devā́saś cakriré pītáye mádaṁ svā́diṣṭhaṁ drapsám aruṇám mayobhúvam
Soma flows for us as the winner of cows, chariots, gold, heaven, and water, and winner of thousands. It is the intoxicating essence that the gods made for their enjoyment, the sweetest, reddest, and welfare-bringing drop.
Soma, as it flows, is celebrated for bestowing numerous victories and boons: winning cows, chariots, gold, heaven, and water. It is described as a joyful and intoxicating drink, made by the gods for themselves, being a most delicious, red, and welfare-bringing drop.
Meter: Jagati
- A. गोजिन्न नः सोमो रथजिद हिरण्य gojít naḥ sómaḥ rathajít hiraṇyajít (12 syllables)
- B. स्वर्जिद अब्जित पवते सहस्रजि svarjít abjít pavate sahasrajít (12 syllables)
- C. यं देवा चक्रिरे पीतये मदं yám devā́saḥ cakriré pītáye mádam (12 syllables)
- D. स्वादिष्ठं द्रप्सम अरुणं मयोभुवं svā́diṣṭham drapsám aruṇám mayobhúvam (12 syllables)
गोजिन्न (gojít)
winner of cows
नः (naḥ)
for us
सोमो (sómaḥ)
Soma
रथजिद (rathajít)
winner of chariots
हिरण्य (hiraṇyajít)
winner of gold
स्वर्जिद (svarjít)
winner of heaven
अब्जित (abjít)
winner of water
पवते (pavate)
it flows
सहस्रजि (sahasrajít)
winner of thousands
यं (yám)
which
देवा (devā́saḥ)
the gods
चक्रिरे (cakriré)
they made
पीतये (pītáye)
for drinking, for enjoyment
मदं (mádam)
intoxicating essence, joy
स्वादिष्ठं (svā́diṣṭham)
most sweet
द्रप्सम (drapsám)
drop
अरुणं (aruṇám)
red
मयोभुवं (mayobhúvam)
bringing welfare, beneficial
Stanza 9.78.5
ए॒तानि॑ सोम॒ पव॑मानो अस्म॒युः स॒त्यानि॑ कृ॒ण्वन्द्रवि॑णान्यर्षसि | ज॒हि शत्रु॑मन्ति॒के दू॑र॒के च॒ य उ॒र्वीं गव्यू॑ति॒मभ॑यं च नस्कृधि ||
etā́ni soma pávamāno asmayúḥ satyā́ni kr̥ṇván dráviṇāny arṣasi jahí śátrum antiké dūraké ca yá urvī́ṁ gávyūtim ábhayaṁ ca nas kr̥dhi
O Soma, flowing one, you are our faithful friend, bringing true wealth as you flow. Strike down the enemy, both near and far. Make for us broad open spaces and safety.
Soma, in its flowing aspect (Pavamana), is addressed as a faithful friend who bestows real riches as he flows. He is implored to vanquish enemies, both near and far, and to grant protection and abundant, open spaces (like pastures).
Meter: Jagati
- A. एतानि सोम पवमानो अस्मयुः etā́ni soma pávamānaḥ asmayúḥ (12 syllables)
- B. सत्यानि कृण्वन् द्रविणान्य अर्षसि satyā́ni kr̥ṇván dráviṇāni arṣasi (12 syllables)
- C. जहि शत्रुं निके दूरे च य jahí śátrum antiké dūraké ca yáḥ (12 syllables)
- D. उर्वी गव्यूतिम अभयं च नः कृधि urvī́m gávyūtim ábhayam ca naḥ kr̥dhi (12 syllables)
एतानि (etā́ni)
these
सोम (soma)
Soma
पवमानो (pávamānaḥ)
flowing one
अस्मयुः (asmayúḥ)
dear to us, friendly
सत्यानि (satyā́ni)
true, real
कृण्वन् (kr̥ṇván)
making, creating
द्रविणान्य (dráviṇāni)
riches, wealth
अर्षसि (arṣasi)
you flow
जहि (jahí)
strike down, kill
शत्रुं (śátrum)
enemy
निके (antiké)
nearby
दूरे (dūraké)
far away
च (ca)
and
य (yáḥ)
who
उर्वी (urvī́m)
wide, broad
गव्यूतिम (gávyūtim)
expanse, pasture
अभयं (ábhayam)
safety, fearlessness
च (ca)
and
नः (naḥ)
for us
कृधि (kr̥dhi)
make, create