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Stanza 9.19.1
यत्सो॑म चि॒त्रमु॒क्थ्यं॑ दि॒व्यं पार्थि॑वं॒ वसु॑ | तन्नः॑ पुना॒न आ भ॑र ||
yát soma citrám ukthyàṁ divyám pā́rthivaṁ vásu tán naḥ punāná ā́ bhara
O Soma, as you are being purified, bring us that wonderful wealth, worthy of praise, which exists in the heavens and on the earth.
The stanza is an invocation to Soma, the deified juice of the Soma plant. The Rishis are asking Soma, as he is being purified, to bring them abundant wealth, which is described as wonderful and existing in both the heavens and the earth. This wealth is also considered worthy of praise.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यत् सोम चि॒त्रमु क्थ्यं yát soma citrám ukthyàm (8 syllables)
- B. दि॒व्यं पार्थि॑वं divyám pā́rthivam vásu (8 syllables)
- C. तन्नः पुना न आ भ tát naḥ punānáḥ ā́ bhara (8 syllables)
यत् (yát)
that
सोम (soma)
O Soma
चि॒त्रमु (citrám)
wonderful
क्थ्यं (ukthyàm)
worthy of praise
दि॒व्यं (divyám)
heavenly
पार्थि॑वं (pā́rthivam)
earthly
(vásu)
तन्नः (tát)
that
पुना (naḥ)
to us
न (punānáḥ)
being purified
आ (ā́)
hither
भ (bhara)
bring
Stanza 9.19.2
यु॒वं हि स्थः स्व॑र्पती॒ इन्द्र॑श्च सोम॒ गोप॑ती | ई॒शा॒ना पि॑प्यतं॒ धियः॑ ||
yuváṁ hí stháḥ svàrpatī índraś ca soma gópatī īśānā́ pipyataṁ dhíyaḥ
For you two, Indra and Soma, are lords of the heavens and lords of the cattle. As rulers, prosper these hymns (of praise).
This verse addresses both Indra and Soma as a pair, highlighting their supreme divine authority. They are described as 'lords of heaven' (svapati) and 'lords of cattle' (gopati), implying dominion over celestial realms and earthly prosperity. The stanza commands them, as powerful rulers, to nurture and fulfill the hymns of praise offered to them.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यु॒वं हि स्थः स्व॑र्पती yuvám hí stháḥ svàrpatī (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रः च सोम गो॒पती índraḥ ca soma gópatī (8 syllables)
- C. ई॒शा॒ना पि॒प्यतं धियः īśānā́ pipyatam dhíyaḥ (8 syllables)
यु॒वं (yuvám)
you two
हि (hí)
indeed
स्थः (stháḥ)
are
स्व॑र्पती (svàrpatī)
lords of heaven
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
च (ca)
and
सोम (soma)
O Soma
गो॒पती (gópatī)
lords of cattle
ई॒शा॒ना (īśānā́)
ruling
पि॒प्यतं (pipyatam)
make fruitful, prosper
धियः (dhíyaḥ)
hymns, thoughts
Stanza 9.19.3
वृषा॑ पुना॒न आ॒युषु॑ स्त॒नय॒न्नधि॑ ब॒र्हिषि॑ | हरिः॒ सन्योनि॒मास॑दत् ||
vŕ̥ṣā punāná āyúṣu stanáyann ádhi barhíṣi háriḥ sán yónim ā́sadat
The purifying Soma, like a strong bull, thundering, has settled in its place upon the sacred grass.
The Soma press is described using the metaphor of a bull. The Soma, purified and 'bellowing' like a bull, is associated with life-force ('ayushi') and settles down on the sacred grass ('barhis') in its designated place ('yonim'). The 'hari' (often referring to Soma's color) is also mentioned as settling in its home.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. वृषा पुना ना vŕ̥ṣā punānáḥ āyúṣu (8 syllables)
- B. आ यु स्त stanáyan ádhi barhíṣi (8 syllables)
- C. नय धि ब र हि háriḥ sán yónim ā́ asadat (8 syllables)
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
strong bull (metaphor for Soma)
पुना (punānáḥ)
purifying
ना (āyúṣu)
in lives, in vital forces
आ (stanáyan)
thundering, roaring
यु (ádhi)
upon
स्त (barhíṣi)
on the sacred grass
नय (háriḥ)
the tawny one (Soma)
धि (sán)
having obtained
ब (yónim)
place, home
र (ā́)
hither
हि (asadat)
sat down, settled
Stanza 9.19.4
अवा॑वशन्त धी॒तयो॑ वृष॒भस्याधि॒ रेत॑सि | सू॒नोर्व॒त्सस्य॑ मा॒तरः॑ ||
ávāvaśanta dhītáyo vr̥ṣabhásyā́dhi rétasi sūnór vatsásya mātáraḥ
The sacred hymns resonated over the generative power of the bull (Soma), like mothers of their beloved son.
The sacred hymns ('dhitayah') are described as resonating ('avavashanta') over the 'productive flow' ('retasi') of the Soma, which is metaphorically referred to as a 'bull' ('vrishabhasya'). These hymns are poetically called the 'mothers' of the 'darling son' (the purified Soma), implying their nurturing role in bringing forth the essence of Soma.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अवा॑वशन्त धी॒तयो ávāvaśanta dhītáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. वृष॒भस्य अधि रेत॑सि vr̥ṣabhásya ádhi rétasi (8 syllables)
- C. सू॒नोः व॒त्सस्य मा॒तरः sūnóḥ vatsásya mātáraḥ (8 syllables)
अवा॑वशन्त (ávāvaśanta)
resounded, sang
धी॒तयो (dhītáyaḥ)
hymns, prayers
वृष॒भस्य (vr̥ṣabhásya)
of the bull (Soma)
अधि (ádhi)
over
रेत॑सि (rétasi)
in the generative fluid, seed
सू॒नोः (sūnóḥ)
of the son
व॒त्सस्य (vatsásya)
of the darling child
मा॒तरः (mātáraḥ)
mothers
Stanza 9.19.5
कु॒विद्वृ॑ष॒ण्यन्ती॑भ्यः पुना॒नो गर्भ॑मा॒दध॑त् | याः शु॒क्रं दु॑ह॒ते पयः॑ ||
kuvíd vr̥ṣaṇyántībhyaḥ punānó gárbham ādádhat yā́ḥ śukráṁ duhaté páyaḥ
Has not the purifying Soma deposited the seed in the cows desiring him, who yield the shining milk?
This verse questions whether the purifying Soma, while impregnating the cows ('vrishanyantibhyah'), has also implanted his essence ('garbham'). The cows that desire union with him ('ya shukram duhate payah') are those that yield the 'shining milk', symbolizing the potent and life-giving essence of Soma.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. कु॒विद्वृ ष॒ण्यन्ती॑भ्यः kuvít vr̥ṣaṇyántībhyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. पुना गर्भ मा॒दध॑त् punānáḥ gárbham ādádhat (8 syllables)
- C. याः शु॒क्रं दु॒ह॒ते पयः yā́ḥ śukrám duhaté páyaḥ (8 syllables)
कु॒विद्वृ (kuvít)
has not (introduces a question)
ष॒ण्यन्ती॑भ्यः (vr̥ṣaṇyántībhyaḥ)
desiring to mate with the bull
पुना (punānáḥ)
purifying
गर्भ (gárbham)
embryo, seed
मा॒दध॑त् (ādádhat)
implanted, deposited
याः (yā́ḥ)
who
शु॒क्रं (śukrám)
shining, white
दु॒ह॒ते (duhaté)
they yield, milk out
पयः (páyaḥ)
milk
Stanza 9.19.6
उप॑ शिक्षापत॒स्थुषो॑ भि॒यस॒मा धे॑हि॒ शत्रु॑षु | पव॑मान वि॒दा र॒यिम् ||
úpa śikṣāpatasthúṣo bhiyásam ā́ dhehi śátruṣu pávamāna vidā́ rayím
O Pavamana (Soma), bring near those who are far, instill fear in the enemies, and find wealth for us.
The Rishis implore Soma, the purifier ('pavamana'), to draw those who are distant ('apatasthushah') closer, to instill fear ('bhiyasam') in their enemies ('shatrusu'), and to find ('vidah') them abundant wealth ('rayim'). This is a plea for divine intervention in bringing allies near, defeating enemies, and securing prosperity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उप शिक्षा पत॒स्थुषो úpa śikṣa apatasthúṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. भि॒यस॒मा आ धे हि bhiyásam ā́ dhehi śátruṣu (9 syllables)
- C. शत्रु प व pávamāna vidā́ḥ rayím (8 syllables)
उप (úpa)
near
शिक्षा (śikṣa)
teach, bring near
पत॒स्थुषो (apatasthúṣaḥ)
those standing away, distant
भि॒यस॒मा (bhiyásam)
fear
आ (ā́)
into
धे (dhehi)
place, instill
हि (śátruṣu)
in enemies
शत्रु (pávamāna)
O Pavamana (purifying Soma)
प (vidā́ḥ)
find
व (rayím)
wealth
Stanza 9.19.7
नि शत्रोः॑ सोम॒ वृष्ण्यं॒ नि शुष्मं॒ नि वय॑स्तिर | दू॒रे वा॑ स॒तो अन्ति॑ वा ||
ní śátroḥ soma vŕ̥ṣṇyaṁ ní śúṣmaṁ ní váyas tira dūré vā sató ánti vā
O Soma, suppress the strength, vigor, and vitality of the enemy, whether he is far or near.
The Rishi directs Soma to suppress ('ni') the strength ('vrishnyam'), vigor ('shushmam'), and vital power ('vayasti') of the enemy ('shatroh'), whether the enemy is far away ('dure') or near ('anti'). This is a request for Soma to diminish the opponent's capabilities and protect the supplicant.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. नि शत्रोः सोम वृष्ण्यं ní śátroḥ soma vŕ̥ṣṇyam (8 syllables)
- B. नि शुष्मं नि वय तिर ní śúṣmam ní váyaḥ tira (8 syllables)
- C. दूरे वा सतो न्ति वा dūré vā satáḥ ánti vā (8 syllables)
नि (ní)
down, away
शत्रोः (śátroḥ)
of the enemy
सोम (soma)
O Soma
वृष्ण्यं (vŕ̥ṣṇyam)
strength, vigor
नि (ní)
down, away
शुष्मं (śúṣmam)
vigor, power
नि (ní)
down, away
वय (váyaḥ)
vitality, life-force
तिर (tira)
spread out, extend (here, suppress)
दूरे (dūré)
far
वा (vā)
or
सतो (satáḥ)
being
न्ति (ánti)
near
वा (vā)
or