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Stanza 8.81.1
आ तू न॑ इन्द्र क्षु॒मन्तं॑ चि॒त्रं ग्रा॒भं सं गृ॑भाय | म॒हा॒ह॒स्ती दक्षि॑णेन ||
ā́ tū́ na indra kṣumántaṁ citráṁ grābháṁ sáṁ gr̥bhāya mahāhastī́ dákṣiṇena
O Indra, come and with your strong right hand, grasp for us the rich and varied spoils!
This verse is a direct address to Indra, the king of gods, requesting him to seize and collect valuable spoils. The imagery is of Indra, with his powerful right hand, gathering a rich and diverse bounty for the supplicants. It emphasizes Indra's strength and his role as a bestower of wealth.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ तु नः इन्द्र क्षुमन्तं ā́ tú + naḥ indra kṣumántam (8 syllables)
- B. चित्रं ग्राभं सं गृभाय citrám grābhám sám gr̥bhāya (8 syllables)
- C. महाहस्ती दक्षिणेन mahāhastī́ dákṣiṇena (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
an intensifier or particle of emphasis
तु (tú +)
an emphatic particle
नः (naḥ)
for us
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra (king of the gods, god of thunder and war)
क्षुमन्तं (kṣumántam)
nourishing, rich, fertile
चित्रं (citrám)
manifold, wonderful, diverse
ग्राभं (grābhám)
a grasp, seizure, spoil
सं (sám)
together, completely
गृभाय (gr̥bhāya)
grasp, seize, take hold of
महाहस्ती (mahāhastī́)
great-handed (referring to Indra's powerful hand)
दक्षिणेन (dákṣiṇena)
with the right (hand)
Stanza 8.81.2
वि॒द्मा हि त्वा॑ तुविकू॒र्मिं तु॒विदे॑ष्णं तु॒वीम॑घम् | तु॒वि॒मा॒त्रमवो॑भिः ||
vidmā́ hí tvā tuvikūrmíṁ tuvídeṣṇaṁ tuvī́magham tuvimātrám ávobhiḥ
Indeed, we know you, O Indra, as powerful in deeds, abundant in resources, wealthy, and immense in measure, and always ready with aid.
This verse praises Indra by enumerating his great qualities. The reciter states that they know Indra to be powerful in his actions ('kūrmi'), abundant in his gifts ('eṣṇa'), possessing great wealth ('magha'), and vast in his measure or capacity ('mātra'). These epithets highlight Indra's might and generosity.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. विद्मा हि त्वा तुविकूर्मिं vidmá + hí tvā tuvikūrmím (8 syllables)
- B. तुविदेष्णं तुवीमघं tuvídeṣṇam tuvī́magham (8 syllables)
- C. तुविमात्रं अवोभिः tuvimātrám ávobhiḥ (7 syllables)
विद्मा (vidmá +)
we know
हि (hí)
indeed, certainly
त्वा (tvā)
you
तुविकूर्मिं (tuvikūrmím)
powerful in actions or work
तुविदेष्णं (tuvídeṣṇam)
of abundant wealth or bounty
तुवीमघं (tuvī́magham)
possessing great wealth
तुविमात्रं (tuvimātrám)
of great measure or extent
अवोभिः (ávobhiḥ)
with aid, help, protection
Stanza 8.81.3
न॒हि त्वा॑ शूर दे॒वा न मर्ता॑सो॒ दित्स॑न्तम् | भी॒मं न गां वा॒रय॑न्ते ||
nahí tvā śūra devā́ ná mártāso dítsantam bhīmáṁ ná gā́ṁ vāráyante
O hero, neither gods nor mortals can restrain you when you are intent on giving, just as a mighty bull cannot be held back.
This verse asserts Indra's unstoppable nature, especially when he is inclined to give. It declares that neither gods nor humans can restrain him when he intends to bestow gifts, comparing his forceful advance to a powerful bull that cannot be held back.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. नहि त्वा शूर देवाः nahí tvā śūra devā́ḥ (7 syllables)
- B. न मर्तासः दित्सन्तं ná mártāsaḥ dítsantam (7 syllables)
- C. भीमं न गां वारयन्ते bhīmám ná gā́m vāráyante (8 syllables)
नहि (nahí)
not
त्वा (tvā)
you
शूर (śūra)
hero, brave one
देवाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
न (ná)
like
मर्तासः (mártāsaḥ)
mortals, men
दित्सन्तं (dítsantam)
desiring to give
भीमं (bhīmám)
terrible, formidable, dreadful
न (ná)
like
गां (gā́m)
bull (metaphor for strength)
वारयन्ते (vāráyante)
they restrain, hinder, prevent
Stanza 8.81.4
एतो॒ न्विन्द्रं॒ स्तवा॒मेशा॑नं॒ वस्वः॑ स्व॒राज॑म् | न राध॑सा मर्धिषन्नः ||
éto nv índraṁ stávāméśānaṁ vásvaḥ svarā́jam ná rā́dhasā mardhiṣan naḥ
Come, let us praise Indra, the ruler of wealth, the self-governing king. May he not harm us with his bounty!
This verse is an exhortation to praise Indra. The reciters invite each other to sing praises to Indra, acknowledging him as the supreme ruler of wealth and self-governing. They express a desire for Indra's benevolence, wishing that he does not harm them with his gifts or actions.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ एत उ नु इन्द्रं स्तवाम ā́ ita u nú índram stávāma (8 syllables)
- B. ईशाणं वस्वः स्वराजं ī́śānam vásvaḥ svarā́jam (8 syllables)
- C. न राधसा मर्धिषत् नः ná rā́dhasā mardhiṣat naḥ (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
an intensifier or particle of emphasis
एत (ita)
come (imperative)
उ (u)
and, also (particle)
नु (nú)
now, indeed (particle)
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
स्तवाम (stávāma)
let us praise
ईशाणं (ī́śānam)
ruling, governing, master
वस्वः (vásvaḥ)
of wealth, of riches
स्वराजं (svarā́jam)
self-ruling, sovereign
न (ná)
not
राधसा (rā́dhasā)
with bounty, with liberality
मर्धिषत् (mardhiṣat)
may he not injure, may he not harm
नः (naḥ)
us
Stanza 8.81.5
प्र स्तो॑ष॒दुप॑ गासिष॒च्छ्रव॒त्साम॑ गी॒यमा॑नम् | अ॒भि राध॑सा जुगुरत् ||
prá stoṣad úpa gāsiṣac chrávat sā́ma gīyámānam abhí rā́dhasā jugurat
May the prelude sound, may the song arise, may he hear the Sama hymn being sung, and may he quickly respond with bounty!
This verse describes the proper way to approach Indra with praise. It suggests starting with a preliminary sound or call ('stoṣat'), followed by singing ('gāsiṣat'), and then listening attentively ('śravat'). The aim is for Indra to hear the Sama hymn being sung and to respond generously with his bounty.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र स्तोषत् उप गासिषत् prá stoṣat úpa gāsiṣat (8 syllables)
- B. श्रवत् साम गीयमानं śrávat sā́ma gīyámānam (8 syllables)
- C. अभि राधसा जुगुरत् abhí rā́dhasā jugurat (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth, forward (prefix)
स्तोषत् (stoṣat)
may he praise or cause to praise
उप (úpa)
down, near (prefix)
गासिषत् (gāsiṣat)
may he sing or reach by singing
श्रवत् (śrávat)
may he hear
साम (sā́ma)
the Sama hymn or melody
गीयमानं (gīyámānam)
being sung
अभि (abhí)
towards, upon (prefix)
राधसा (rā́dhasā)
with bounty, with liberality
जुगुरत् (jugurat)
may he move quickly, may he be agile
Stanza 8.81.6
आ नो॑ भर॒ दक्षि॑णेना॒भि स॒व्येन॒ प्र मृ॑श | इन्द्र॒ मा नो॒ वसो॒र्निर्भा॑क् ||
ā́ no bhara dákṣiṇenābhí savyéna prá mr̥śa índra mā́ no vásor nír bhāk
Bring to us, O Indra, with your right hand, and touch us with your left. May we not be deprived of your wealth!
This verse is a plea to Indra to bring prosperity and blessings from both his right ('dakṣiṇa') and left ('savya') sides. The reciters ask him to touch or bestow favour upon them, and crucially, they wish to retain their share of his wealth and not be deprived of it.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ नः भर दक्षिणेन ā́ naḥ bhara dákṣiṇena (8 syllables)
- B. अभि सव्येन प्र मृश abhí savyéna prá mr̥śa (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्र मा नः वसोः निस् भाक् índra mā́ naḥ vásoḥ nís bhāk (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
an intensifier or particle of emphasis
नः (naḥ)
us
भर (bhara)
bring
दक्षिणेन (dákṣiṇena)
with the right (hand)
अभि (abhí)
towards, upon (prefix)
सव्येन (savyéna)
with the left (hand)
प्र (prá)
forth, forward (prefix)
मृश (mr̥śa)
touch, approach
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
मा (mā́)
not
नः (naḥ)
us
वसोः (vásoḥ)
of wealth, of riches
निस् (nís)
out, away (prefix)
भाक् (bhāk)
may you divide, may you share (here used with 'nis' to mean 'deprive')
Stanza 8.81.7
उप॑ क्रम॒स्वा भ॑र धृष॒ता धृ॑ष्णो॒ जना॑नाम् | अदा॑शूष्टरस्य॒ वेदः॑ ||
úpa kramasvā́ bhara dhr̥ṣatā́ dhr̥ṣṇo jánānām ádāśūṣṭarasya védaḥ
Come forth, bold Indra, and bring riches boldly, surpassing the stingiest of people!
This verse urges Indra, the 'bold one', to approach and bring forth riches. It contrasts Indra's boldness with the parsimony of stingy people ('adāśūṣṭara'), implying that Indra should favour those who are generous or those who praise him, rather than the ungenerous.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. उप क्रमस्व आ भर úpa kramasva ā́ bhara (8 syllables)
- B. धृषता धृष्णो जनानां dhr̥ṣatā́ dhr̥ṣṇo jánānām (8 syllables)
- C. अदाशूष्टरस्य वेदः ádāśūṣṭarasya védaḥ (8 syllables)
उप (úpa)
down, near (prefix)
क्रमस्व (kramasva)
step forward, approach
आ (ā́)
an intensifier or particle of emphasis
भर (bhara)
bring
धृषता (dhr̥ṣatā́)
boldly, courageously (adverbial participle)
धृष्णो (dhr̥ṣṇo)
O bold one, O courageous one (vocative)
जनानां (jánānām)
of people, of men
अदाशूष्टरस्य (ádāśūṣṭarasya)
of the one who gives least, of the most ungenerous
वेदः (védaḥ)
wealth, possession, dominion
Stanza 8.81.8
इन्द्र॒ य उ॒ नु ते॒ अस्ति॒ वाजो॒ विप्रे॑भिः॒ सनि॑त्वः | अ॒स्माभिः॒ सु तं स॑नुहि ||
índra yá u nú te ásti vā́jo víprebhiḥ sánitvaḥ asmā́bhiḥ sú táṁ sanuhi
Indra, what is that wealth which you have with the singers? Win that wealth for us too!
This verse asks Indra about the 'booty' or wealth ('vāja') that he possesses, especially that which he might obtain with the help of the 'vipra' (singers or priests). The reciters then request Indra to grant them this wealth, urging him to win it together with them, thereby emphasizing their partnership in acquiring divine favour and riches.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. इन्द्र यः उ नु ते अस्ति índra yáḥ u nú te ásti (8 syllables)
- B. वाजः विप्रेभिः सनिस्वः vā́jaḥ víprebhiḥ sánitvaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अस्माभिः सु तं सनुहि asmā́bhiḥ sú tám sanuhi (8 syllables)
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
यः (yáḥ)
which, who
उ (u)
and, also (particle)
नु (nú)
now, indeed (particle)
ते (te)
your
अस्ति (ásti)
is, exists
वाजः (vā́jaḥ)
booty, wealth, sustenance
विप्रेभिः (víprebhiḥ)
with the singers, with the priests
सनिस्वः (sánitvaḥ)
to be won, obtainable
अस्माभिः (asmā́bhiḥ)
with us
सु (sú)
well, easily (intensifier)
तं (tám)
that
सनुहि (sanuhi)
win, gain
Stanza 8.81.9
स॒द्यो॒जुव॑स्ते॒ वाजा॑ अ॒स्मभ्यं॑ वि॒श्वश्च॑न्द्राः | वशै॑श्च म॒क्षू ज॑रन्ते ||
sadyojúvas te vā́jā asmábhyaṁ viśváścandrāḥ váśaiś ca makṣū́ jarante
Your swiftly-coming boons, Indra, which delight everyone, quickly bring joy to us with our desires!
This verse describes Indra's wealth ('vāja') as arriving swiftly ('sadyojuvan') and being universally delightful ('viśvaścandra'). It states that these riches, accompanied by their own desires ('vaśaiḥ'), quickly bring joy or satisfaction ('jarante') to the reciters, fulfilling their hopes.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. सद्योजुवः ते वाजाः sadyojúvaḥ te vā́jāḥ (7 syllables)
- B. अस्मभ्यं विश्वश्चन्द्राः asmábhyam viśváścandrāḥ (7 syllables)
- C. वशैश च मक्षू जरन्ते váśaiḥ ca makṣú + jarante (8 syllables)
सद्योजुवः (sadyojúvaḥ)
swiftly moving, quickly coming
ते (te)
your
वाजाः (vā́jāḥ)
boons, wealth, riches
अस्मभ्यं (asmábhyam)
for us
विश्वश्चन्द्राः (viśváścandrāḥ)
delighting all, universally pleasing
वशैश (váśaiḥ)
with desires, according to will
च (ca)
and
मक्षू (makṣú +)
quickly, swiftly
जरन्ते (jarante)
they rejoice, they are delighted