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Stanza 8.3.1
पिबा॑ सु॒तस्य॑ र॒सिनो॒ मत्स्वा॑ न इन्द्र॒ गोम॑तः | आ॒पिर्नो॑ बोधि सध॒माद्यो॑ वृ॒धे॒३॒॑ऽस्माँ अ॑वन्तु ते॒ धियः॑ ||
píbā sutásya rasíno mátsvā na indra gómataḥ āpír no bodhi sadhamā́dyo vr̥dhè 'smā́m̐ avantu te dhíyaḥ
Drink, Indra, of the potent Soma juice; rejoice with our offering of milk. Be our companion in feasting, O friend; may your wisdom protect us.
The devotee implores Indra to drink the offered Soma juice, highlighting its potency and the milky essence. They ask Indra to be their companion in feasting and to protect their thoughts and endeavors, seeking his favor and presence.
Meter: Brhati
- A. पिबा सुतस्य रसिनो píba + sutásya rasínaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मत्स्वा नः इन्द्र गोमतः mátsva + naḥ indra gómataḥ (8 syllables)
- C. आपिः नः बोधि सधमाद्यो वृधे āpíḥ naḥ bodhi sadhamā́dyaḥ vr̥dhé (12 syllables)
- D. अस्माँ अवन्तु ते धियः asmā́n avantu te dhíyaḥ (8 syllables)
पिबा (píba +)
Drink
सुतस्य (sutásya)
of the pressed (Soma juice)
रसिनो (rasínaḥ)
of the potent/strong
मत्स्वा (mátsva +)
rejoice/be gladdened
नः (naḥ)
us
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
गोमतः (gómataḥ)
of the milky/rich
आपिः (āpíḥ)
friend/companion
नः (naḥ)
us
बोधि (bodhi)
be aware/understand
सधमाद्यो (sadhamā́dyaḥ)
companion in feasting
वृधे (vr̥dhé)
for increase/growth
अस्माँ (asmā́n)
us
अवन्तु (avantu)
may protect/help
ते (te)
your
धियः (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts/prayers/wisdom
Stanza 8.3.2
भू॒याम॑ ते सुम॒तौ वा॒जिनो॑ व॒यं मा नः॑ स्तर॒भिमा॑तये | अ॒स्माञ्चि॒त्राभि॑रवताद॒भिष्टि॑भि॒रा नः॑ सु॒म्नेषु॑ यामय ||
bhūyā́ma te sumataú vājíno vayám mā́ na star abhímātaye asmā́ñ citrā́bhir avatād abhíṣṭibhir ā́ naḥ sumnéṣu yāmaya
May we continue in your favor and strength, O Indra; do not expose us to attacks from enemies. May you protect us with your manifold assistance, and lead us into well-being.
The worshipper expresses a desire to remain in Indra's favor and strength, not wanting to be exposed to enemies. They request Indra's help and protection, wishing to be led into happiness and prosperity.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. भूयाम ते सुमतौ वाजिनो वयं bhūyā́ma te sumataú vājínaḥ vayám (12 syllables)
- B. मा नः स्तर् अभिमातये mā́ naḥ star abhímātaye (8 syllables)
- C. अस्माञ्चि चित्राभिः अवतात् अभिष्टिभिः asmā́n citrā́bhiḥ avatāt abhíṣṭibhiḥ (12 syllables)
- D. आ नः सुम्नेषु यामय ā́ naḥ sumnéṣu yāmaya (8 syllables)
भूयाम (bhūyā́ma)
may we be
ते (te)
your
सुमतौ (sumataú)
in good favor/benevolence
वाजिनो (vājínaḥ)
of strength/powerful
वयं (vayám)
we
मा (mā́)
not
नः (naḥ)
us
स्तर् (star)
expose/uncover
अभिमातये (abhímātaye)
to attack/enemy
अस्माञ्चि (asmā́n)
us
चित्राभिः (citrā́bhiḥ)
with varied/manifold
अवतात् (avatāt)
may protect/help
अभिष्टिभिः (abhíṣṭibhiḥ)
with assistance/support
आ (ā́)
towards/to
नः (naḥ)
us
सुम्नेषु (sumnéṣu)
in happiness/well-being
यामय (yāmaya)
may lead/guide
Stanza 8.3.3
इ॒मा उ॑ त्वा पुरूवसो॒ गिरो॑ वर्धन्तु॒ या मम॑ | पा॒व॒कव॑र्णाः॒ शुच॑यो विप॒श्चितो॒ऽभि स्तोमै॑रनूषत ||
imā́ u tvā purūvaso gíro vardhantu yā́ máma pāvakávarṇāḥ śúcayo vipaścíto 'bhí stómair anūṣata
May these praises of mine, O Indra of abundant wealth, exalt you. Pure and wise ones, shining like fire, have sung them with hymns.
The poet offers these hymns and praises to Indra, acknowledging his immense wealth and power. These prayers, described as pure and radiant like fire, are sung by wise and insightful individuals to exalt Indra.
Meter: Brhati
- A. इमा उ त्वा पुरुवसो imā́ḥ u tvā purūvaso (8 syllables)
- B. गिरो वर्धन्तु या मम gíraḥ vardhantu yā́ḥ máma (8 syllables)
- C. पावकवर्णाः शुचयो विपश्चितो pāvakávarṇāḥ śúcayaḥ vipaścítaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अभि स्तोम अनूषत abhí stómaiḥ anūṣata (8 syllables)
इमा (imā́ḥ)
these
उ (u)
indeed/also
त्वा (tvā)
you
पुरुवसो (purūvaso)
O possessor of abundant wealth
गिरो (gíraḥ)
praises/songs
वर्धन्तु (vardhantu)
may they increase/exalt
या (yā́ḥ)
which
मम (máma)
my
पावकवर्णाः (pāvakávarṇāḥ)
having the color of purity/fire
शुचयो (śúcayaḥ)
pure/radiant
विपश्चितो (vipaścítaḥ)
wise/insightful
अभि (abhí)
towards/upon
स्तोम (stómaiḥ)
with hymns/praises
अनूषत (anūṣata)
they sang/resounded
Stanza 8.3.4
अ॒यं स॒हस्र॒मृषि॑भिः॒ सह॑स्कृतः समु॒द्र इ॑व पप्रथे | स॒त्यः सो अ॑स्य महि॒मा गृ॑णे॒ शवो॑ य॒ज्ञेषु॑ विप्र॒राज्ये॑ ||
ayáṁ sahásram ŕ̥ṣibhiḥ sáhaskr̥taḥ samudrá iva paprathe satyáḥ só asya mahimā́ gr̥ṇe śávo yajñéṣu viprarā́jye
This Indra, empowered by a thousand sages, has spread out like an ocean. His true majesty is praised, his power is recognized in sacrifices and in the rule of the wise.
Indra's greatness is described as having expanded like an ocean, empowered by numerous sages. His true majesty and power are celebrated in rituals and in the domain of enlightened leaders.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. अयं सहस्रम् ऋषिभिः सहस्कृतः ayám sahásram ŕ̥ṣibhiḥ sáhaskr̥taḥ (12 syllables)
- B. समुद्र इव प्रप्रथे samudráḥ iva paprathe (8 syllables)
- C. सत्यः सो अस्य महिमा गृणे शवो satyáḥ sáḥ asya mahimā́ gr̥ṇe śávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. यज्ञेषु विप्रराज्ये yajñéṣu viprarā́jye (8 syllables)
अयं (ayám)
this
सहस्रम् (sahásram)
thousand
ऋषिभिः (ŕ̥ṣibhiḥ)
by the sages
सहस्कृतः (sáhaskr̥taḥ)
empowered/strengthened
समुद्र (samudráḥ)
ocean
इव (iva)
like
प्रप्रथे (paprathe)
has spread
सत्यः (satyáḥ)
true
सो (sáḥ)
his
अस्य (asya)
his
महिमा (mahimā́)
majesty/greatness
गृणे (gr̥ṇe)
is praised/sung
शवो (śávaḥ)
power/strength
यज्ञेषु (yajñéṣu)
in sacrifices
विप्रराज्ये (viprarā́jye)
in the dominion of the wise/singers
Stanza 8.3.5
इन्द्र॒मिद्दे॒वता॑तय॒ इन्द्रं॑ प्रय॒त्य॑ध्व॒रे | इन्द्रं॑ समी॒के व॒निनो॑ हवामह॒ इन्द्रं॒ धन॑स्य सा॒तये॑ ||
índram íd devátātaya índram prayaty àdhvaré índraṁ samīké vaníno havāmaha índraṁ dhánasya sātáye
We call upon Indra for the worship of the gods, Indra when the sacrifice proceeds, Indra in battle. We call upon Indra for the attainment of wealth.
Indra is invoked repeatedly for various sacred occasions: for the worship of the gods, during the performance of sacrifices, and in moments of conflict or battle. The purpose of calling him is to achieve victory and gain possessions.
Meter: Brhati
- A. इन्द्रम् इद् देवतातातये índram ít devátātaye (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रम् प्रयति अध्वरे índram prayatí adhvaré (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रम् समीके वनिनो हवामहे índram samīké vanínaḥ havāmahe (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रम् धनस्य सातये índram dhánasya sātáye (8 syllables)
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
इद् (ít)
indeed
देवतातातये (devátātaye)
for the worship of the gods
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
प्रयति (prayatí)
proceeding/advancing
अध्वरे (adhvaré)
in the sacrifice
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
समीके (samīké)
in battle/conflict
वनिनो (vanínaḥ)
worshippers/invokers
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
धनस्य (dhánasya)
of wealth/riches
सातये (sātáye)
for attainment/gaining
Stanza 8.3.6
इन्द्रो॑ म॒ह्ना रोद॑सी पप्रथ॒च्छव॒ इन्द्रः॒ सूर्य॑मरोचयत् | इन्द्रे॑ ह॒ विश्वा॒ भुव॑नानि येमिर॒ इन्द्रे॑ सुवा॒नास॒ इन्द॑वः ||
índro mahnā́ ródasī paprathac cháva índraḥ sū́ryam arocayat índre ha víśvā bhúvanāni yemira índre suvānā́sa índavaḥ
Indra, with his might, spread out the two worlds (heaven and earth); Indra made the sun shine. In Indra are all worlds held; in him the Soma drops converge.
Indra's immense power is highlighted as he expanded the heavens and the earth, and made the sun shine. All beings are sustained by him, and the Soma drops converge within him, signifying his cosmic significance.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. इन्द्रः मह्ना रोदसी प्रप्रथत् शव índraḥ mahnā́ ródasī paprathat śávaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रः सूर्यम् अरोचयत् índraḥ sū́ryam arocayat (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रे ह विश्वा भुवनानि येमिरे índre ha víśvā bhúvanāni yemire (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रे सुवानासः इन्दवः índre suvānā́saḥ índavaḥ (8 syllables)
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
मह्ना (mahnā́)
by might/greatness
रोदसी (ródasī)
the two worlds (heaven and earth)
प्रप्रथत् (paprathat)
he spread
शव (śávaḥ)
power/strength
इन्द्रः (índraḥ)
Indra
सूर्यम् (sū́ryam)
the sun
अरोचयत् (arocayat)
he made shine/illuminated
इन्द्रे (índre)
in Indra
ह (ha)
indeed
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
भुवनानि (bhúvanāni)
worlds/beings
येमिरे (yemire)
are held/restrained
इन्द्रे (índre)
in Indra
सुवानासः (suvānā́saḥ)
pressed/distilled (Soma drops)
इन्दवः (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
Stanza 8.3.7
अ॒भि त्वा॑ पू॒र्वपी॑तय॒ इन्द्र॒ स्तोमे॑भिरा॒यवः॑ | स॒मी॒ची॒नास॑ ऋ॒भवः॒ सम॑स्वरन्रु॒द्रा गृ॑णन्त॒ पूर्व्य॑म् ||
abhí tvā pūrvápītaya índra stómebhir āyávaḥ samīcīnā́sa r̥bhávaḥ sám asvaran rudrā́ gr̥ṇanta pū́rvyam
O Indra, may these hymns of ours urge you to drink the Soma first. The united Ribhus have sung; the Rudras, praising the ancient one, have sung.
The worshippers, like the Ribhus and Rudras, are calling out to Indra with their praises. They are eager for him to drink the Soma first, indicating their devotion and the importance they place on his participation.
Meter: Brhati
- A. अभि त्वा पूर्तपीतय abhí tvā pūrvápītaye (8 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र स्तोमेभिः आयवः índra stómebhiḥ āyávaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. समीचीनासः ऋभवः सम् अस्वरन् samīcīnā́saḥ r̥bhávaḥ sám asvaran (12 syllables)
- D. रुद्राः गृणन्त पूर्वयम् rudrā́ḥ gr̥ṇanta pū́rvyam (8 syllables)
अभि (abhí)
towards/to
त्वा (tvā)
you
पूर्तपीतय (pūrvápītaye)
for the first drinking
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
स्तोमेभिः (stómebhiḥ)
with hymns/praises
आयवः (āyávaḥ)
living beings/men
समीचीनासः (samīcīnā́saḥ)
united/together
ऋभवः (r̥bhávaḥ)
Ribhus (divine artisans)
सम् (sám)
together
अस्वरन् (asvaran)
they sang/resounded
रुद्राः (rudrā́ḥ)
Rudras (a class of deities)
गृणन्त (gr̥ṇanta)
praising/singing
पूर्वयम् (pū́rvyam)
the ancient one
Stanza 8.3.8
अ॒स्येदिन्द्रो॑ वावृधे॒ वृष्ण्यं॒ शवो॒ मदे॑ सु॒तस्य॒ विष्ण॑वि | अ॒द्या तम॑स्य महि॒मान॑मा॒यवोऽनु॑ ष्टुवन्ति पू॒र्वथा॑ ||
asyéd índro vāvr̥dhe vŕ̥ṣṇyaṁ śávo máde sutásya víṣṇavi adyā́ tám asya mahimā́nam āyávó 'nu ṣṭuvanti pūrváthā
Indra's manly strength grew in the Soma ritual, in the enjoyment of the pressed juice. His majesty is today, as of old, unsurpassed; men praise his power.
Indra's strength grew during the Soma ritual and in the ecstatic enjoyment of the juice. His power and majesty are so immense that they remain unapproachable and are praised by men, just as they were in the past.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. अस्ये दि इन्द्रो वावृधे वृण्यम् शवो asyá ít índraḥ vāvr̥dhe vŕ̥ṣṇyam śávaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. मदे सुतस्य विष्णवि máde sutásya víṣṇavi (8 syllables)
- C. अद्य तम अस्य महिमाम् आयवः adyá + tám asya mahimā́nam āyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. अनु स्तुवन्ति पूर्वथा ánu stuvanti pūrváthā (8 syllables)
अस्ये (asyá)
his
दि (ít)
indeed
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
वावृधे (vāvr̥dhe)
he grew/increased
वृण्यम् (vŕ̥ṣṇyam)
manly/potent
शवो (śávaḥ)
strength/power
मदे (máde)
in the enjoyment/intoxication
सुतस्य (sutásya)
of the pressed (Soma juice)
विष्णवि (víṣṇavi)
in the sacrifice/ritual
अद्य (adyá +)
today
तम (tám)
him/that
अस्य (asya)
his
महिमाम् (mahimā́nam)
majesty/greatness
आयवः (āyávaḥ)
men/living beings
अनु (ánu)
according to/after
स्तुवन्ति (stuvanti)
they praise/sing
पूर्वथा (pūrváthā)
as before/in former times
Stanza 8.3.9
तत्त्वा॑ यामि सु॒वीर्यं॒ तद्ब्रह्म॑ पू॒र्वचि॑त्तये | येना॒ यति॑भ्यो॒ भृग॑वे॒ धने॑ हि॒ते येन॒ प्रस्क॑ण्व॒मावि॑थ ||
tát tvā yāmi suvī́ryaṁ tád bráhma pūrvácittaye yénā yátibhyo bhŕ̥gave dháne hité yéna práskaṇvam ā́vitha
I seek from you that heroic strength, that attention to my prayer, with which you helped the Yatis and Bhrigu, and Praskaṇva, when wealth was contested.
The devotee seeks Indra's powerful protection and favor, requesting his attention to their prayers. They recall Indra's past assistance to sages like Bhrigu and the Yatis, and to Praskaṇva during a time of conflict over wealth.
Meter: Brhati
- A. तद् त्वा यामि सुवीर्यम् tát tvā yāmi suvī́ryam (8 syllables)
- B. तद् ब्रह्म पूर्वचित्तये tát bráhma pūrvácittaye (8 syllables)
- C. येना यतिभ्यो भृगवे धने हिते yéna + yátibhyaḥ bhŕ̥gave dháne hité (12 syllables)
- D. येन प्रस्कण्वम् आविथ yéna práskaṇvam ā́vitha (8 syllables)
तद् (tát)
that
त्वा (tvā)
you
यामि (yāmi)
I seek/go to
सुवीर्यम् (suvī́ryam)
heroic strength
तद् (tát)
that
ब्रह्म (bráhma)
prayer/hymn
पूर्वचित्तये (pūrvácittaye)
for prior attention/understanding
येना (yéna +)
by which
यतिभ्यो (yátibhyaḥ)
to the Yatis (a group of sages)
भृगवे (bhŕ̥gave)
to Bhrigu (a sage)
धने (dháne)
in wealth/riches
हिते (hité)
placed/staked
येन (yéna)
by which
प्रस्कण्वम् (práskaṇvam)
Praskaṇva (a sage)
आविथ (ā́vitha)
you helped/protected
Stanza 8.3.10
येना॑ समु॒द्रमसृ॑जो म॒हीर॒पस्तदि॑न्द्र॒ वृष्णि॑ ते॒ शवः॑ | स॒द्यः सो अ॑स्य महि॒मा न सं॒नशे॒ यं क्षो॒णीर॑नुचक्र॒दे ||
yénā samudrám ásr̥jo mahī́r apás tád indra vŕ̥ṣṇi te śávaḥ sadyáḥ só asya mahimā́ ná saṁnáśe yáṁ kṣoṇī́r anucakradé
By which you released great waters into the ocean, that, Indra, is your potent strength. His greatness is never diminished, to whom the earth has cried out.
The hymn recalls Indra's act of creating vast waters and directing them to the sea, attributing this to his formidable strength. His power is described as ever-present and unassailable, acknowledged by the entire world.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. येना समुद्रम् असृजो महीर अपः yéna + samudrám ásr̥jaḥ mahī́ḥ apáḥ (12 syllables)
- B. तद् इन्द्र वृष्णि ते शवः tát indra vŕ̥ṣṇi te śávaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. सद्यः सो अस्य महिमा न संनशे sadyás sáḥ asya mahimā́ ná saṃnáśe (12 syllables)
- D. यं क्षोणीर अनुचक्रदे yám kṣoṇī́ḥ anucakradé (8 syllables)
येना (yéna +)
by which
समुद्रम् (samudrám)
the sea
असृजो (ásr̥jaḥ)
you released/created
महीर (mahī́ḥ)
great/mighty
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
तद् (tát)
that
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
वृष्णि (vŕ̥ṣṇi)
potent/strong
ते (te)
your
शवः (śávaḥ)
strength/power
सद्यः (sadyás)
immediately/at once
सो (sáḥ)
his
अस्य (asya)
his
महिमा (mahimā́)
majesty/greatness
न (ná)
not
संनशे (saṃnáśe)
diminished/lost
यं (yám)
whom
क्षोणीर (kṣoṇī́ḥ)
earth/worlds
अनुचक्रदे (anucakradé)
cried out/invoked
Stanza 8.3.11
श॒ग्धी न॑ इन्द्र॒ यत्त्वा॑ र॒यिं यामि॑ सु॒वीर्य॑म् | श॒ग्धि वाजा॑य प्रथ॒मं सिषा॑सते श॒ग्धि स्तोमा॑य पूर्व्य ||
śagdhī́ na indra yát tvā rayíṁ yā́mi suvī́ryam śagdhí vā́jāya prathamáṁ síṣāsate śagdhí stómāya pūrvya
Help us, Indra, when I seek wealth with heroic strength. Help for strength, first, for one who strives to win. Help our praise, O ancient one.
The devotee earnestly requests Indra's assistance in gaining wealth and strength. They specifically ask for his help in the initial stages of striving for success and in the act of praise, addressing him as the ancient, powerful deity.
Meter: Brhati
- A. शग्धी न इन्द्र यत् त्वा śagdhí + naḥ indra yát tvā (8 syllables)
- B. रयिं यामि सुवीर्यम् rayím yā́mi suvī́ryam (8 syllables)
- C. शग्धि वाजा प्रथमम् सिषासते śagdhí vā́jāya prathamám síṣāsate (12 syllables)
- D. शग्धि स्तोम पूर्व śagdhí stómāya pūrvya (8 syllables)
शग्धी (śagdhí +)
help/assist
न (naḥ)
us
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
यत् (yát)
when/what
त्वा (tvā)
you
रयिं (rayím)
wealth
यामि (yā́mi)
I seek/go to
सुवीर्यम् (suvī́ryam)
heroic strength
शग्धि (śagdhí)
help/assist
वाजा (vā́jāya)
for strength/vigor
प्रथमम् (prathamám)
first
सिषासते (síṣāsate)
for one who desires to win/achieve
शग्धि (śagdhí)
help/assist
स्तोम (stómāya)
for praise/hymn
पूर्व (pūrvya)
O ancient one
Stanza 8.3.12
श॒ग्धी नो॑ अ॒स्य यद्ध॑ पौ॒रमावि॑थ॒ धिय॑ इन्द्र॒ सिषा॑सतः | श॒ग्धि यथा॒ रुश॑मं॒ श्याव॑कं॒ कृप॒मिन्द्र॒ प्रावः॒ स्व॑र्णरम् ||
śagdhī́ no asyá yád dha paurám ā́vitha dhíya indra síṣāsataḥ śagdhí yáthā rúśamaṁ śyā́vakaṁ kŕ̥pam índra prā́vaḥ svàrṇaram
Help us, Indra, as you helped Paura with these thoughts. Help the one striving for gain. Help, as you aided Rusama, Syavaka, Krpa, and Svarnara.
The devotee asks Indra for help, recalling his past assistance to Paura and others who sought success. They also remind Indra of his aid to individuals like Rusama, Syavaka, Krpa, and Svarnara, seeking similar protection.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. शग्धी नः अस्य यद् ह पौरम् आविथ śagdhí + naḥ asyá yát ha paurám ā́vitha (12 syllables)
- B. धिय इन्द्र सिषासतः dhíyaḥ indra síṣāsataḥ (8 syllables)
- C. शग्धि यथा रुशमम् श्यावकम् कृपम् śagdhí yáthā rúśamam śyā́vakam kŕ̥pam (12 syllables)
- D. इन्द्र प्र आवः स्वर्णरम् índra prá ā́vaḥ svàrṇaram (8 syllables)
शग्धी (śagdhí +)
help/assist
नः (naḥ)
us
अस्य (asyá)
this
यद् (yát)
when/that
ह (ha)
indeed
पौरम् (paurám)
Paura (a person)
आविथ (ā́vitha)
you helped/protected
धिय (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts/prayers
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
सिषासतः (síṣāsataḥ)
striving to gain/win
शग्धि (śagdhí)
help/assist
यथा (yáthā)
as
रुशमम् (rúśamam)
Rusama (a person)
श्यावकम् (śyā́vakam)
Syavaka (a person)
कृपम् (kŕ̥pam)
Krpa (a person)
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
प्र (prá)
forth
आवः (ā́vaḥ)
you helped/aided
स्वर्णरम् (svàrṇaram)
Svarnara (a person)
Stanza 8.3.13
कन्नव्यो॑ अत॒सीनां॑ तु॒रो गृ॑णीत॒ मर्त्यः॑ | न॒ही न्व॑स्य महि॒मान॑मिन्द्रि॒यं स्व॑र्गृ॒णन्त॑ आन॒शुः ||
kán návyo atasī́nāṁ turó gr̥ṇīta mártyaḥ nahī́ nv àsya mahimā́nam indriyáṁ svàr gr̥ṇánta ānaśúḥ
What new praise shall the eager mortal offer to the greatest? Have not those who praise his majesty and Indra-power attained heaven's light?
The speaker questions what new praises can be sung to Indra, the powerful one, surpassing all others. They wonder if those who have not praised his might and divine power have truly achieved heavenly light.
Meter: Brhati
- A. कत् नव्यो अतसीनाम् kát návyaḥ atasī́nām (8 syllables)
- B. तुरो गृणीत मर्त्यः turáḥ gr̥ṇīta mártyaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. नही न्व अस्य महिमानम् इन्द्रियम् nahí + nú asya mahimā́nam indriyám (12 syllables)
- D. स्वर् गृणन्त आनशुः svàr gr̥ṇántaḥ ānaśúḥ (8 syllables)
कत् (kát)
what
नव्यो (návyaḥ)
newest/most recent
अतसीनाम् (atasī́nām)
of prayers/invocations
तुरो (turáḥ)
eager/zealous
गृणीत (gr̥ṇīta)
shall sing/praise
मर्त्यः (mártyaḥ)
mortal
नही (nahí +)
not
न्व (nú)
indeed/now
अस्य (asya)
his
महिमानम् (mahimā́nam)
majesty/greatness
इन्द्रियम् (indriyám)
Indra-power/strength
स्वर् (svàr)
heaven/sky
गृणन्त (gr̥ṇántaḥ)
praising/singing
आनशुः (ānaśúḥ)
they have obtained/achieved
Stanza 8.3.14
कदु॑ स्तु॒वन्त॑ ऋतयन्त दे॒वत॒ ऋषिः॒ को विप्र॑ ओहते | क॒दा हवं॑ मघवन्निन्द्र सुन्व॒तः कदु॑ स्तुव॒त आ ग॑मः ||
kád u stuvánta r̥tayanta deváta ŕ̥ṣiḥ kó vípra ohate kadā́ hávam maghavann indra sunvatáḥ kád u stuvatá ā́ gamaḥ
When shall the worshipper honor him among the gods? Who considers him a seer? When will you, O Indra, giver of wealth, come to the call of the Soma-presser or the praiser?
The hymn questions when the wise will properly honor Indra and when a seer will recognize him. It asks when Indra, the bestow of wealth, will come to the call of those who press Soma and those who praise him.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. कदु उ स्तुवन्त ऋतयन्त देवता kát u stuvántaḥ r̥tayanta devátā (12 syllables)
- B. ऋषिः क विप्र ओहते ŕ̥ṣiḥ káḥ vípraḥ ohate (8 syllables)
- C. कदा हवं मघवन् इन्द्र सुन्वतो kadā́ hávam maghavan indra sunvatáḥ (12 syllables)
- D. कदु उ स्तुवत आ गमः kát u stuvatáḥ ā́ gamaḥ (8 syllables)
कदु (kát)
when
उ (u)
indeed
स्तुवन्त (stuvántaḥ)
praising
ऋतयन्त (r̥tayanta)
honoring the cosmic order
देवता (devátā)
the divinity/gods
ऋषिः (ŕ̥ṣiḥ)
seer/sage
क (káḥ)
who
विप्र (vípraḥ)
wise one/singer
ओहते (ohate)
he offers/considers
कदा (kadā́)
when
हवं (hávam)
call/invitation
मघवन् (maghavan)
O bestower of wealth
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
सुन्वतो (sunvatáḥ)
of the Soma-presser
कदु (kát)
when
उ (u)
indeed
स्तुवत (stuvatáḥ)
of the praiser
आ (ā́)
towards
गमः (gamaḥ)
may you come
Stanza 8.3.15
उदु॒ त्ये मधु॑मत्तमा॒ गिरः॒ स्तोमा॑स ईरते | स॒त्रा॒जितो॑ धन॒सा अक्षि॑तोतयो वाज॒यन्तो॒ रथा॑ इव ||
úd u tyé mádhumattamā gíra stómāsa īrate satrājíto dhanasā́ ákṣitotayo vājayánto ráthā iva
These very sweet songs and hymns ascend. Like chariots that win, gain wealth, and provide unfailing support, they move.
The hymns and praises, described as extremely sweet, ascend to Indra. They are compared to victorious chariots that display strength, win wealth, and provide unfailing support.
Meter: Brhati
- A. उद् उ त्ये मधुमततमा út u tyé mádhumattamāḥ (8 syllables)
- B. गिरः स्तोमास ईरते gíraḥ stómāsaḥ īrate (8 syllables)
- C. सत्राजितो धनसा अक्षितोतयो satrājítaḥ dhanasā́ḥ ákṣitotayaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वाजायन्तो रथा इव vājayántaḥ ráthāḥ iva (8 syllables)
उद् (út)
upwards
उ (u)
indeed
त्ये (tyé)
these
मधुमततमा (mádhumattamāḥ)
most sweet
गिरः (gíraḥ)
praises/songs
स्तोमास (stómāsaḥ)
hymns
ईरते (īrate)
ascend/move
सत्राजितो (satrājítaḥ)
ever-victorious
धनसा (dhanasā́ḥ)
wealth-winning
अक्षितोतयो (ákṣitotayaḥ)
providing unfailing aid
वाजायन्तो (vājayántaḥ)
showing strength/vigor
रथा (ráthāḥ)
chariots
इव (iva)
like
Stanza 8.3.16
कण्वा॑ इव॒ भृग॑वः॒ सूर्या॑ इव॒ विश्व॒मिद्धी॒तमा॑नशुः | इन्द्रं॒ स्तोमे॑भिर्म॒हय॑न्त आ॒यवः॑ प्रि॒यमे॑धासो अस्वरन् ||
káṇvā iva bhŕ̥gavaḥ sū́ryā iva víśvam íd dhītám ānaśuḥ índraṁ stómebhir maháyanta āyávaḥ priyámedhāso asvaran
Like Kanvas, like Bhrigus, like the suns, they have attained all that their thoughts desired. The men of Priyamedha, glorifying Indra with hymns, sang.
The hymn compares the devotion of the sages (Kanvas, Bhrigus) to the brilliance of the sun, stating they have achieved their desires. The worshippers of Priyamedha have magnified Indra through their praises, achieving harmony.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. कण्वा इव भृगवः सूर्या इव káṇvāḥ iva bhŕ̥gavaḥ sū́ryāḥ iva (12 syllables)
- B. विश्वम् इद् धीतमा आनशुः víśvam ít dhītám ānaśuḥ (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रम् स्तोमभिः महयन्त आयवः índram stómebhiḥ maháyantaḥ āyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. प्रियमेधासो अस्वरन् priyámedhāsaḥ asvaran (8 syllables)
कण्वा (káṇvāḥ)
Kanvas (a sage-clan)
इव (iva)
like
भृगवः (bhŕ̥gavaḥ)
Bhrigus (a sage-clan)
सूर्या (sū́ryāḥ)
suns
इव (iva)
like
विश्वम् (víśvam)
all
इद् (ít)
indeed
धीतमा (dhītám)
achieved/obtained
आनशुः (ānaśuḥ)
they have obtained/achieved
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
स्तोमभिः (stómebhiḥ)
with hymns/praises
महयन्त (maháyantaḥ)
glorifying/magnifying
आयवः (āyávaḥ)
living beings/men
प्रियमेधासो (priyámedhāsaḥ)
Priyamedhas (a sage-clan)
अस्वरन् (asvaran)
they sang/resounded
Stanza 8.3.17
यु॒क्ष्वा हि वृ॑त्रहन्तम॒ हरी॑ इन्द्र परा॒वतः॑ | अ॒र्वा॒ची॒नो म॑घव॒न्त्सोम॑पीतय उ॒ग्र ऋ॒ष्वेभि॒रा ग॑हि ||
yukṣvā́ hí vr̥trahantama hárī indra parāvátaḥ arvācīnó maghavan sómapītaya ugrá r̥ṣvébhir ā́ gahi
Yoke your bay horses, O slayer of Vritra, Indra, from the distant regions. Come, O Maghavan, mighty one, to us with the noble ones, to drink the Soma.
The devotee urges Indra, the slayer of Vritra, to yoke his bay horses and come from afar. They call upon him, the bestower of wealth, to come down with the high deities to partake in the Soma ritual.
Meter: Brhati
- A. युक्ष्वा हि वृत्रहन्तम yukṣvá + hí vr̥trahantama (8 syllables)
- B. हरी इन्द्र परावतः hárī indra parāvátaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अर्वाचीनो मघवन् सोमपीतये arvācīnáḥ maghavan sómapītaye (12 syllables)
- D. उग्रः ऋष्वेभिः आ गहि ugráḥ r̥ṣvébhiḥ ā́ gahi (8 syllables)
युक्ष्वा (yukṣvá +)
yoke
हि (hí)
indeed
वृत्रहन्तम (vr̥trahantama)
O slayer of Vritra
हरी (hárī)
bay horses
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
परावतः (parāvátaḥ)
from the distant regions
अर्वाचीनो (arvācīnáḥ)
coming hither
मघवन् (maghavan)
O bestower of wealth
सोमपीतये (sómapītaye)
for drinking Soma
उग्रः (ugráḥ)
mighty/terrible
ऋष्वेभिः (r̥ṣvébhiḥ)
with the high/noble ones
आ (ā́)
towards
गहि (gahi)
come
Stanza 8.3.18
इ॒मे हि ते॑ का॒रवो॑ वाव॒शुर्धि॒या विप्रा॑सो मे॒धसा॑तये | स त्वं नो॑ मघवन्निन्द्र गिर्वणो वे॒नो न शृ॑णुधी॒ हव॑म् ||
imé hí te kārávo vāvaśúr dhiyā́ víprāso medhásātaye sá tváṁ no maghavann indra girvaṇo venó ná śr̥ṇudhī hávam
Indeed, these singers, with their thoughts, have cried out to you. Therefore, O Maghavan, Indra, who loves song, listen to our call like a lover.
The worshippers declare that their hymns and prayers have reached Indra, the one who loves praise. They ask him, as the giver of wealth, to listen to their call, just as a lover would heed their beloved.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. इमे हि ते कारवो वावशुः धिया imé hí te kārávaḥ vāvaśúḥ dhiyā́ (12 syllables)
- B. विप्रास मेधसा víprāsaḥ medhásātaye (8 syllables)
- C. स त्वं नः मघवन् इन्द्र गिर्वणो sá tvám naḥ maghavan indra girvaṇaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. वेनो न शृणुधी हवम् venáḥ ná śr̥ṇudhi + hávam (8 syllables)
इमे (imé)
these
हि (hí)
indeed
ते (te)
your
कारवो (kārávaḥ)
singers/makers
वावशुः (vāvaśúḥ)
have cried out/called
धिया (dhiyā́)
with thought/prayer
विप्रास (víprāsaḥ)
singers/wise ones
मेधसा (medhásātaye)
for gaining understanding/sacrifice
स (sá)
therefore
त्वं (tvám)
you
नः (naḥ)
our
मघवन् (maghavan)
O bestower of wealth
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
गिर्वणो (girvaṇaḥ)
O lover of song
वेनो (venáḥ)
lover
न (ná)
like
शृणुधी (śr̥ṇudhi +)
listen
हवम् (hávam)
call/invitation
Stanza 8.3.19
निरि॑न्द्र बृह॒तीभ्यो॑ वृ॒त्रं धनु॑भ्यो अस्फुरः | निरर्बु॑दस्य॒ मृग॑यस्य मा॒यिनो॒ निः पर्व॑तस्य॒ गा आ॑जः ||
nír indra br̥hatī́bhyo vr̥tráṁ dhánubhyo asphuraḥ nír árbudasya mŕ̥gayasya māyíno níḥ párvatasya gā́ ājaḥ
You drove away Vritra from the heights. You drove away the cattle of the illusory Mrigaya and Arbuda from the mountain.
The hymn recounts Indra's powerful actions in defeating the demon Vritra from the higher realms and driving away cattle captured by the illusory demons Mrigaya and Arbuda from the mountains.
Meter: Brhati
- A. निः इन्द्र बृहतीभ्यो nís indra br̥hatī́bhyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. वृत्रम् धनुभ्यो अस्फुरः vr̥trám dhánubhyaḥ asphuraḥ (8 syllables)
- C. निः दस्य मृगयस्य मािनो nís árbudasya mŕ̥gayasya māyínaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. निः पर्वतस्य गा आजः nís párvatasya gā́ḥ ājaḥ (8 syllables)
निः (nís)
away/out
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
बृहतीभ्यो (br̥hatī́bhyaḥ)
from the high regions
वृत्रम् (vr̥trám)
Vritra (a demon)
धनुभ्यो (dhánubhyaḥ)
from the plains/mountains
अस्फुरः (asphuraḥ)
you hurled/drove
निः (nís)
away/out
दस्य (árbudasya)
of Arbuda (a demon)
मृगयस्य (mŕ̥gayasya)
of Mrigaya (a demon)
मािनो (māyínaḥ)
of the illusory
निः (nís)
away/out
पर्वतस्य (párvatasya)
of the mountain
गा (gā́ḥ)
cattle
आजः (ājaḥ)
you drove
Stanza 8.3.20
निर॒ग्नयो॑ रुरुचु॒र्निरु॒ सूर्यो॒ निः सोम॑ इन्द्रि॒यो रसः॑ | निर॒न्तरि॑क्षादधमो म॒हामहिं॑ कृ॒षे तदि॑न्द्र॒ पौंस्य॑म् ||
nír agnáyo rurucur nír u sū́ryo níḥ sóma indriyó rásaḥ nír antárikṣād adhamo mahā́m áhiṁ kr̥ṣé tád indra paúṁsyam
The fires shone, the sun shone, Indra's Soma juice shone. You drove the great serpent from the atmosphere. That is your valor, Indra.
This verse praises Indra for making the elements shine: the fires, the sun, and the Soma juice. It highlights his power in driving away the great serpent (symbolizing evil or chaos) from the atmosphere, emphasizing this as his valorous act.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. निर अग्नयो रुरुचुः निर उ सूर्यो nís agnáyaḥ rurucuḥ nís u sū́ryaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. निर सोम इन्द्रियो रसः nís sómaḥ indriyáḥ rásaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. निर अन्तरिक्षात् अधम महाम् अहिम् nís antárikṣāt adhamaḥ mahā́m áhim (12 syllables)
- D. कृषे तद् इन्द्र पौंस्यम् kr̥ṣé tát indra paúṃsyam (8 syllables)
निर (nís)
away/out
अग्नयो (agnáyaḥ)
fires
रुरुचुः (rurucuḥ)
they shone/glittered
निर (nís)
away/out
उ (u)
indeed
सूर्यो (sū́ryaḥ)
sun
निर (nís)
away/out
सोम (sómaḥ)
Soma
इन्द्रियो (indriyáḥ)
belonging to Indra
रसः (rásaḥ)
juice/essence
निर (nís)
away/out
अन्तरिक्षात् (antárikṣāt)
from the atmosphere/sky
अधम (adhamaḥ)
you drove/blew
महाम् (mahā́m)
great
अहिम् (áhim)
serpent (dragon)
कृषे (kr̥ṣé)
you made/did
तद् (tát)
that
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
पौंस्यम् (paúṃsyam)
valor/manliness
Stanza 8.3.21
यं मे॒ दुरिन्द्रो॑ म॒रुतः॒ पाक॑स्थामा॒ कौर॑याणः | विश्वे॑षां॒ त्मना॒ शोभि॑ष्ठ॒मुपे॑व दि॒वि धाव॑मानम् ||
yám me dúr índro marútaḥ pā́kasthāmā kaúrayāṇaḥ víśveṣāṁ tmánā śóbhiṣṭham úpeva diví dhā́vamānam
Which Indra, Maruts, Pakasthaman, and Kaurayana gave to me, the fairest and fastest, running like towards heaven.
The hymn describes a magnificent, radiant horse, possibly a divine gift from Indra, the Maruts, Pakasthaman, and Kaurayana. This horse is depicted as running with great speed towards heaven, excelling all others.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. यम् मे दुः इन्द्रो मरुतः yám me dúḥ índraḥ marútaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. पाकस्थामा कौरयाणः pā́kasthāmā kaúrayāṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. विश्वेषाम् त्मना शोभिष्ठम् víśveṣām tmánā śóbhiṣṭham (8 syllables)
- D. उप इव दिवि धावमानम् úpa iva diví dhā́vamānam (9 syllables)
यम् (yám)
which
मे (me)
to me
दुः (dúḥ)
they gave
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm deities)
पाकस्थामा (pā́kasthāmā)
Pakasthama (a person)
कौरयाणः (kaúrayāṇaḥ)
Kaurayana (a person)
विश्वेषाम् (víśveṣām)
of all
त्मना (tmánā)
by itself/by nature
शोभिष्ठम् (śóbhiṣṭham)
most beautiful/excellent
उप (úpa)
towards
इव (iva)
like
दिवि (diví)
in heaven
धावमानम् (dhā́vamānam)
running
Stanza 8.3.22
रोहि॑तं मे॒ पाक॑स्थामा सु॒धुरं॑ कक्ष्य॒प्राम् | अदा॑द्रा॒यो वि॒बोध॑नम् ||
róhitam me pā́kasthāmā sudhúraṁ kakṣyaprā́m ádād rāyó vibódhanam
Pakasthaman gave to me a red horse, good for the yoke, with a wide girth, and inspiring wealth.
Pakasthaman has given a fine red horse to the speaker. This horse is described as being good for drawing a yoke, having a wide girth, and being inspiring, signifying wealth and speed.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. रोहितम् मे पाकस्थामा róhitam me pā́kasthāmā (8 syllables)
- B. सुधुरम् कक्ष्यप्राम् sudhúram kakṣyaprā́m (8 syllables)
- C. अदाद् रायः विबोधनम् ádāt rāyáḥ vibódhanam (8 syllables)
रोहितम् (róhitam)
red/ruddy
मे (me)
to me
पाकस्थामा (pā́kasthāmā)
Pakasthama (a person)
सुधुरम् (sudhúram)
good for the yoke/drawing
कक्ष्यप्राम् (kakṣyaprā́m)
wide-girthed
अदाद् (ádāt)
he gave
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of wealth
विबोधनम् (vibódhanam)
inspiring/awakening
Stanza 8.3.23
यस्मा॑ अ॒न्ये दश॒ प्रति॒ धुरं॒ वह॑न्ति॒ वह्न॑यः | अस्तं॒ वयो॒ न तुग्र्य॑म् ||
yásmā anyé dáśa práti dhúraṁ váhanti váhnayaḥ ástaṁ váyo ná túgryam
Compared to whom, ten other horses do not bear the yoke. Like the bird Vaya, or Tugrya.
The hymn asserts that this horse is superior to ten other strong horses harnessed to the yoke. It is compared to the bird Vaya or the exceptional Tugrya, emphasizing its unmatched speed and strength.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. यस्मा अये दश प्रति yásmai anyé dáśa práti (8 syllables)
- B. धुरम् वहन्ति वह्नयः dhúram váhanti váhnayaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अस्तम् वय न तुग्र्यम् ástam váyaḥ ná túgryam (8 syllables)
यस्मा (yásmai)
to whom
अये (anyé)
others
दश (dáśa)
ten
प्रति (práti)
against/compared to
धुरम् (dhúram)
yoke
वहन्ति (váhanti)
they bear/carry
वह्नयः (váhnayaḥ)
carriers/horses
अस्तम् (ástam)
to the dwelling/home
वय (váyaḥ)
bird (Vaya)
न (ná)
not
तुग्र्यम् (túgryam)
Tugrya (a swift horse or person)
Stanza 8.3.24
आ॒त्मा पि॒तुस्त॒नूर्वास॑ ओजो॒दा अ॒भ्यञ्ज॑नम् | तु॒रीय॒मिद्रोहि॑तस्य॒ पाक॑स्थामानं भो॒जं दा॒तार॑मब्रवम् ||
ātmā́ pitús tanū́r vā́sa ojodā́ abhyáñjanam turī́yam íd róhitasya pā́kasthāmānam bhojáṁ dātā́ram abravam
The soul is the body, food is raiment, ointment is strength-giving. As the fourth, I have named Pakasthaman, the giver, the lord of the red horse.
The speaker proclaims that the body is like the soul, food is like raiment, and healing balm provides strength. They identify Pakasthaman, the giver of wealth and the red horse Rohita, as the fourth recipient of praise.
Meter: Brhati
- A. आत्मा पितुः तनुर् वास ātmā́ pitúḥ tanū́ḥ vā́saḥ (8 syllables)
- B. ओजोदा अभ्यञ्जनम् ojodā́ḥ abhyáñjanam (8 syllables)
- C. तुरीयम् इद् रोहितस्य पाकस्थामानं turī́yam ít róhitasya pā́kasthāmānam (13 syllables)
- D. भोजं दातारम् अब्रवम् bhojám dātā́ram abravam (8 syllables)
आत्मा (ātmā́)
soul/self
पितुः (pitúḥ)
food
तनुर् (tanū́ḥ)
body/form
वास (vā́saḥ)
clothing/raiment
ओजोदा (ojodā́ḥ)
giving strength
अभ्यञ्जनम् (abhyáñjanam)
anointing oil/balm
तुरीयम् (turī́yam)
the fourth
इद् (ít)
indeed
रोहितस्य (róhitasya)
of Rohita (the red one)
पाकस्थामानं (pā́kasthāmānam)
Pakasthama (a person)
भोजं (bhojám)
lord/master/enjoyer
दातारम् (dātā́ram)
giver
अब्रवम् (abravam)
I spoke/named