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Stanza 8.25.1
ता वां॒ विश्व॑स्य गो॒पा दे॒वा दे॒वेषु॑ य॒ज्ञिया॑ | ऋ॒तावा॑ना यजसे पू॒तद॑क्षसा ||
tā́ vāṁ víśvasya gopā́ devā́ devéṣu yajñíyā r̥tā́vānā yajase pūtádakṣasā
We worship you, O divine twins, guardians of all, O Gods, most sacred among the gods, O keepers of Rta, with pure power.
The poet addresses the divine twins, Mitra and Varuna, recognizing them as guardians of the entire universe. He acknowledges their divine status among gods, their adherence to cosmic order (Rta), and their pure, powerful nature, stating that he worships them.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ता वां विश्वस्य गोपा tā́ vām víśvasya gopā́ (8 syllables)
- B. देवा देवेषु यज्ञिया devā́ devéṣu yajñíyā (8 syllables)
- C. ऋतावाना यजसे पूतादक्षसा r̥tā́vānā yajase pūtádakṣasā (12 syllables)
ता (tā́)
those (dual)
वां (vām)
your (dual)
विश्वस्य (víśvasya)
of the all, of the universe
गोपा (gopā́)
guardians, protectors (dual)
देवा (devā́)
gods (dual)
देवेषु (devéṣu)
among the gods
यज्ञिया (yajñíyā)
worthy of worship, venerable (dual)
ऋतावाना (r̥tā́vānā)
keepers of cosmic order (dual)
यजसे (yajase)
I worship, I sacrifice
पूतादक्षसा (pūtádakṣasā)
with pure power (dual)
Stanza 8.25.2
मि॒त्रा तना॒ न र॒थ्या॒३॒॑ वरु॑णो॒ यश्च॑ सु॒क्रतुः॑ | स॒नात्सु॑जा॒ता तन॑या धृ॒तव्र॑ता ||
mitrā́ tánā ná rathyāā̀ váruṇo yáś ca sukrátuḥ sanā́t sujātā́ tánayā dhr̥távratā
Like charioteers, O Mitra and Varuna, you are, O wise one, and you, who are ancient and well-born, with firm vows.
The poet compares Mitra and Varuna to skilled chariot drivers, highlighting their wisdom and noble birth. They are described as sons of an ancient lineage, maintaining steadfast vows and cosmic laws.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. मित्रा तना न रथ्या mitrā́ tánā ná rathyā̀ (8 syllables)
- B. वरुणो यश्च च सुक्रतुः váruṇaḥ yáḥ ca sukrátuḥ (8 syllables)
- C. सनात् सुजाता तनया धृतव्रता sanā́t sujātā́ tánayā dhr̥távratā (12 syllables)
मित्रा (mitrā́)
Mitra (one of the divine twins)
तना (tánā)
along with, by means of
न (ná)
like, as
रथ्या (rathyā̀)
charioteers (dual)
वरुणो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna (one of the divine twins)
यश्च (yáḥ)
who
च (ca)
and
सुक्रतुः (sukrátuḥ)
wise, intelligent, of good counsel
सनात् (sanā́t)
from of old, ancient
सुजाता (sujātā́)
well-born (dual)
तनया (tánayā)
sons, offspring (dual)
धृतव्रता (dhr̥távratā)
holders of firm vows (dual)
Stanza 8.25.3
ता मा॒ता वि॒श्ववे॑दसासु॒र्या॑य॒ प्रम॑हसा | म॒ही ज॑जा॒नादि॑तिर्ऋ॒ताव॑री ||
tā́ mātā́ viśvávedasāsuryāā̀ya prámahasā mahī́ jajānā́ditir r̥tā́varī
These two, possessors of all knowledge, the great mother gave birth for supreme authority, Aditi, the great, upholding Rta.
The poet refers to these twin deities as the powerful, all-knowing 'mother' (possibly referring to Aditi or a primal cosmic force) who, in her greatness, gave birth to them for the purpose of establishing supreme authority.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ता माता विश्ववेदासा tā́ mātā́ viśvávedasā (8 syllables)
- B. असुर्याय प्रमहसा asuryā̀ya prámahasā (8 syllables)
- C. मही जजाना आदितिः ऋतावरी mahī́ jajāna áditiḥ r̥tā́varī (12 syllables)
ता (tā́)
those (dual)
माता (mātā́)
mother
विश्ववेदासा (viśvávedasā)
possessors of all knowledge (dual)
असुर्याय (asuryā̀ya)
for dominion, for power
प्रमहसा (prámahasā)
with great power (dual)
मही (mahī́)
great
जजाना (jajāna)
she bore, she gave birth
आदितिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (the infinite mother goddess)
ऋतावरी (r̥tā́varī)
upholder of Rta, true to cosmic order
Stanza 8.25.4
म॒हान्ता॑ मि॒त्रावरु॑णा स॒म्राजा॑ दे॒वावसु॑रा | ऋ॒तावा॑नावृ॒तमा घो॑षतो बृ॒हत् ||
mahā́ntā mitrā́váruṇā samrā́jā devā́v ásurā r̥tā́vānāv r̥tám ā́ ghoṣato br̥hát
Great Mitra and Varuna, the sovereign Gods, Asuras, keepers of Rta, joyfully proclaim the great truth.
The divine twins, Mitra and Varuna, are hailed as great rulers and powerful beings (Asuras), who are steadfast in cosmic law. They joyfully proclaim truth and greatness, likely through their divine pronouncements or actions.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. महान्ता मित्रावरुणा mahā́ntā mitrā́váruṇā (8 syllables)
- B. सम्राजा देवा असुरा samrā́jā devaú ásurā (8 syllables)
- C. ऋतावानावृ ऋतं आ घोषतो बृ॒हत् r̥tā́vānau r̥tám ā́ ghoṣataḥ br̥hát (12 syllables)
महान्ता (mahā́ntā)
great (dual)
मित्रावरुणा (mitrā́váruṇā)
Mitra and Varuna
सम्राजा (samrā́jā)
sovereign rulers (dual)
देवा (devaú)
gods (dual)
असुरा (ásurā)
Asuras (powerful beings)
ऋतावानावृ (r̥tā́vānau)
keepers of cosmic order (dual)
ऋतं (r̥tám)
truth, cosmic order
आ (ā́)
indeed, certainly
घोषतो (ghoṣataḥ)
they proclaim, they announce
बृ॒हत् (br̥hát)
great, vast
Stanza 8.25.5
नपा॑ता॒ शव॑सो म॒हः सू॒नू दक्ष॑स्य सु॒क्रतू॑ | सृ॒प्रदा॑नू इ॒षो वास्त्वधि॑ क्षितः ||
nápātā śávaso maháḥ sūnū́ dákṣasya sukrátū sr̥prádānū iṣó vā́stv ádhi kṣitaḥ
The two offspring of great power, sons of Daksha, skilled, generous givers, reside in the place of sustenance.
The two offspring of great strength are described as sons of Daksha, possessing excellent abilities. They are skillful, generous givers, and they reside in the domain of sustenance, overseeing nourishment.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. नपाता शवसो महः nápātā śávasaḥ maháḥ (8 syllables)
- B. सूनू दक्षस्य सुक्रतू sūnū́ dákṣasya sukrátū (8 syllables)
- C. सृप्रदाणू इषः वास्तु अधि क्षितः sr̥prádānū iṣáḥ vā́stu ádhi kṣitaḥ (12 syllables)
नपाता (nápātā)
offspring, descendants (dual)
शवसो (śávasaḥ)
of strength, of power
महः (maháḥ)
of the great
सूनू (sūnū́)
sons (dual)
दक्षस्य (dákṣasya)
of Daksha (a progenitor deity)
सुक्रतू (sukrátū)
skilled, capable (dual)
सृप्रदाणू (sr̥prádānū)
generous givers (dual)
इषः (iṣáḥ)
of food, of sustenance
वास्तु (vā́stu)
dwelling, abode, place
अधि (ádhi)
upon, in
क्षितः (kṣitaḥ)
they dwell, they inhabit
Stanza 8.25.6
सं या दानू॑नि ये॒मथु॑र्दि॒व्याः पार्थि॑वी॒रिषः॑ | नभ॑स्वती॒रा वां॑ चरन्तु वृ॒ष्टयः॑ ||
sáṁ yā́ dā́nūni yemáthur divyā́ḥ pā́rthivīr íṣaḥ nábhasvatīr ā́ vāṁ carantu vr̥ṣṭáyaḥ
You who have gathered the gifts, celestial and earthly, may your abundant rains come to us.
The poet asks Mitra and Varuna, who have gathered celestial and earthly gifts, to send down their rains, which are abundant and filled with moisture, towards them.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. सं या दानुनि येमथुः sám yā́ dā́nūni yemáthuḥ (8 syllables)
- B. दिव्याः पार्थिवीः ईषः divyā́ḥ pā́rthivīḥ íṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. नभस्वतीः आ वां चरन्तु वृष्टयः nábhasvatīḥ ā́ vām carantu vr̥ṣṭáyaḥ (12 syllables)
सं (sám)
together, completely
या (yā́)
you two
दानुनि (dā́nūni)
gifts, bestowals (plural)
येमथुः (yemáthuḥ)
you two have gathered, you two have controlled
दिव्याः (divyā́ḥ)
celestial, heavenly
पार्थिवीः (pā́rthivīḥ)
earthly, terrestrial
ईषः (íṣaḥ)
food, nourishment (plural)
नभस्वतीः (nábhasvatīḥ)
cloud-bearing, full of moisture (plural)
आ (ā́)
towards
वां (vām)
your (dual)
चरन्तु (carantu)
may they flow, may they move
वृष्टयः (vr̥ṣṭáyaḥ)
rains, showers (plural)
Stanza 8.25.7
अधि॒ या बृ॑ह॒तो दि॒वो॒३॒॑ऽभि यू॒थेव॒ पश्य॑तः | ऋ॒तावा॑ना स॒म्राजा॒ नम॑से हि॒ता ||
ádhi yā́ br̥ható divò 'bhí yūthéva páśyataḥ r̥tā́vānā samrā́jā námase hitā́
You two, great ones from the sky, seem to watch over herds, sovereign keepers of Rta, established for reverence.
The poet describes Mitra and Varuna as great, sovereign beings who observe from the heavens as if watching over herds. They are divine, upholders of cosmic order, and have been established to be revered through devotion.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. अधि या बृहतो दिवो ádhi yā́ br̥hatáḥ diváḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अभि यूथेव इव पश्यतः abhí yūthā́ iva páśyataḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ऋतावाना सम्राजा नमसे हिता r̥tā́vānā samrā́jā námase hitā́ (12 syllables)
अधि (ádhi)
above, in
या (yā́)
you two
बृहतो (br̥hatáḥ)
great, lofty
दिवो (diváḥ)
from the sky
अभि (abhí)
towards, over
यूथेव (yūthā́)
herds, flocks (plural)
इव (iva)
like, as
पश्यतः (páśyataḥ)
you two see, you two observe
ऋतावाना (r̥tā́vānā)
keepers of cosmic order (dual)
सम्राजा (samrā́jā)
sovereign rulers (dual)
नमसे (námase)
for worship, for adoration
हिता (hitā́)
established, placed
Stanza 8.25.8
ऋ॒तावा॑ना॒ नि षे॑दतुः॒ साम्रा॑ज्याय सु॒क्रतू॑ | धृ॒तव्र॑ता क्ष॒त्रिया॑ क्ष॒त्रमा॑शतुः ||
r̥tā́vānā ní ṣedatuḥ sā́mrājyāya sukrátū dhr̥távratā kṣatríyā kṣatrám āśatuḥ
You two, keepers of Rta, wise ones, have taken your seats for supreme rule; princes with firm vows, you have obtained dominion.
Mitra and Varuna, who uphold cosmic order and are wise, have taken their seats for supreme rulership. They are princes who are strong in their vows and have attained their sovereign power.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ऋतावाना नि षेदतुः r̥tā́vānā ní sedatuḥ (8 syllables)
- B. साम्राज्याय सुक्रतू sā́mrājyāya sukrátū (8 syllables)
- C. धृतव्रता क्षत्रिया क्षत्रम आशतुः dhr̥távratā kṣatríyā kṣatrám āśatuḥ (12 syllables)
ऋतावाना (r̥tā́vānā)
keepers of cosmic order (dual)
नि (ní)
down, in
षेदतुः (sedatuḥ)
you two have sat down
साम्राज्याय (sā́mrājyāya)
for supreme rule, for sovereignty
सुक्रतू (sukrátū)
skilled, wise (dual)
धृतव्रता (dhr̥távratā)
holders of firm vows (dual)
क्षत्रिया (kṣatríyā)
princes, rulers (dual)
क्षत्रम (kṣatrám)
power, dominion, rule
आशतुः (āśatuḥ)
you two have obtained, you two have attained
Stanza 8.25.9
अ॒क्ष्णश्चि॑द्गातु॒वित्त॑रानुल्ब॒णेन॒ चक्ष॑सा | नि चि॑न्मि॒षन्ता॑ निचि॒रा नि चि॑क्यतुः ||
akṣṇáś cid gātuvíttarānulbaṇéna cákṣasā ní cin miṣántā nicirā́ ní cikyatuḥ
Better pathfinders than the eye, with unobstructed vision, they perceive, even when closing their lids.
These divine beings are superior to the eye in finding paths. With clear and unobstructed vision, they perceive everything, even when they seemingly close their eyes, demonstrating their profound awareness.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. अक्ष्णश्चिद् चि गातुवित्तरा akṣṇáḥ cit gātuvíttarā (8 syllables)
- B. अ.ल्बणेन चक्षसा anulbaṇéna cákṣasā (8 syllables)
- C. नि चि मिषन्ता निचिरा नि चिक्यतुः ní cit miṣántā nicirā́ ní cikyatuḥ (12 syllables)
अक्ष्णश्चिद् (akṣṇáḥ)
than the eye
चि (cit)
indeed, even
गातुवित्तरा (gātuvíttarā)
better finders of paths (dual)
अ.ल्बणेन (anulbaṇéna)
unobstructed, clear
चक्षसा (cákṣasā)
with sight, with vision
नि (ní)
down, indeed
चि (cit)
indeed, even
मिषन्ता (miṣántā)
closing the eyelids (dual)
निचिरा (nicirā́)
observant, perceiving (dual)
नि (ní)
down, indeed
चिक्यतुः (cikyatuḥ)
they perceived, they understood (dual)
Stanza 8.25.10
उ॒त नो॑ दे॒व्यदि॑तिरुरु॒ष्यतां॒ नास॑त्या | उ॒रु॒ष्यन्तु॑ म॒रुतो॑ वृ॒द्धश॑वसः ||
utá no devy áditir uruṣyátāṁ nā́satyā uruṣyántu marúto vr̥ddháśavasaḥ
May the goddess Aditi protect us, and may the Nasatyas protect us, and may the strong Maruts protect us.
The poet invokes the goddess Aditi and the divine pair, the Nasatyas, to protect them. He also calls upon the Maruts, who possess great strength, to safeguard them.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. उत नः देवी आदितिः utá naḥ devī́ áditiḥ (8 syllables)
- B. उरुष्यताम् नासत्या uruṣyátām nā́satyā (8 syllables)
- C. उरुष्यन्तु मरुतः वृद्धशवसः uruṣyántu marútaḥ vr̥ddháśavasaḥ (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and
नः (naḥ)
us
देवी (devī́)
goddess
आदितिः (áditiḥ)
Aditi (the infinite mother goddess)
उरुष्यताम् (uruṣyátām)
may she protect (dual, but here referring to Aditi and potentially others)
नासत्या (nā́satyā)
Nasatyas (the divine twin physicians, Ashvins)
उरुष्यन्तु (uruṣyántu)
may they protect (plural)
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm gods)
वृद्धशवसः (vr̥ddháśavasaḥ)
of great strength
Stanza 8.25.11
ते नो॑ ना॒वमु॑रुष्यत॒ दिवा॒ नक्तं॑ सुदानवः | अरि॑ष्यन्तो॒ नि पा॒युभिः॑ सचेमहि ||
té no nāvám uruṣyata dívā náktaṁ sudānavaḥ áriṣyanto ní pāyúbhiḥ sacemahi
O generous ones, protect our dwelling day and night; may we, unharmed, associate with your protectors.
The poet implores the divine beings, addressed as generous ones, to protect their dwelling place day and night. He wishes to be unharmed and to associate with their divine protection.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ते नः नावम् उरुष्यत té naḥ nāvám uruṣyata (8 syllables)
- B. दिवा नक्तं सुदानवः dívā náktam sudānavaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अरिश्वन्तः नि पायुभिः सचेमहि áriṣyantaḥ ní pāyúbhiḥ sacemahi (12 syllables)
ते (té)
they, those (plural)
नः (naḥ)
our
नावम् (nāvám)
dwelling, abode
उरुष्यत (uruṣyata)
protect!
दिवा (dívā)
by day
नक्तं (náktam)
by night
सुदानवः (sudānavaḥ)
O generous ones (vocative plural)
अरिश्वन्तः (áriṣyantaḥ)
unharmed, uninjured
नि (ní)
with
पायुभिः (pāyúbhiḥ)
with protectors, with guardians
सचेमहि (sacemahi)
may we associate, may we be together
Stanza 8.25.12
अघ्न॑ते॒ विष्ण॑वे व॒यमरि॑ष्यन्तः सु॒दान॑वे | श्रु॒धि स्व॑यावन्त्सिन्धो पू॒र्वचि॑त्तये ||
ághnate víṣṇave vayám áriṣyantaḥ sudā́nave śrudhí svayāvan sindho pūrvácittaye
May we serve the harmless Vishnu, the generous one, unharmed. Hear us, O Sindhu, with your ancient wisdom.
The poet expresses a desire to serve the harmless Vishnu and the generous Vishnu, free from harm themselves. He calls upon the flowing Sindhu (river/ocean) to listen, invoking its ancient wisdom and promptness to act.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. अघ्नते विष्णवे वयम ághnate víṣṇave vayám (8 syllables)
- B. अरिश्वन्तः सुदाने áriṣyantaḥ sudā́nave (8 syllables)
- C. श्रुधि स्वयावन्त् सिन्धो पूर्वचित्तये śrudhí svayāvan sindho pūrvácittaye (12 syllables)
अघ्नते (ághnate)
to the harmless, to the unhurt
विष्णवे (víṣṇave)
to Vishnu
वयम (vayám)
we
अरिश्वन्तः (áriṣyantaḥ)
unharmed, uninjured
सुदाने (sudā́nave)
to the generous one
श्रुधि (śrudhí)
hear!
स्वयावन्त् (svayāvan)
self-moving, spontaneous (vocative)
सिन्धो (sindho)
O Sindhu (river/ocean)
पूर्वचित्तये (pūrvácittaye)
for ancient wisdom, for prior knowledge
Stanza 8.25.13
तद्वार्यं॑ वृणीमहे॒ वरि॑ष्ठं गोप॒यत्य॑म् | मि॒त्रो यत्पान्ति॒ वरु॑णो॒ यद॑र्य॒मा ||
tád vā́ryaṁ vr̥ṇīmahe váriṣṭhaṁ gopayátyam mitró yát pā́nti váruṇo yád aryamā́
We choose that most desirable protection, which Mitra, Varuna, and Aryaman protect.
The poet chooses this divine protection, described as the most desirable and encompassing. He states that Mitra, Varuna, and Aryaman are the ones who provide this protection.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तद् वार्यं वृणीमहे tát vā́ryam vr̥ṇīmahe (8 syllables)
- B. वरिष्ठं गोपयत्यं váriṣṭham gopayátyam (8 syllables)
- C. मित्रो यद पान्ति वरुणो यद }$.Aryamā mitráḥ yát pā́nti váruṇaḥ yát aryamā́ (12 syllables)
तद् (tát)
that
वार्यं (vā́ryam)
desirable, to be chosen
वृणीमहे (vr̥ṇīmahe)
we choose, we select
वरिष्ठं (váriṣṭham)
most desirable, best
गोपयत्यं (gopayátyam)
protecting, guarding
मित्रो (mitráḥ)
Mitra
यद (yát)
which
पान्ति (pā́nti)
they protect, they guard
वरुणो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
यद (yát)
which
}$.Aryamā (aryamā́)
Aryaman (a solar deity)
Stanza 8.25.14
उ॒त नः॒ सिन्धु॑र॒पां तन्म॒रुत॒स्तद॒श्विना॑ | इन्द्रो॒ विष्णु॑र्मी॒ढ्वांसः॑ स॒जोष॑सः ||
utá naḥ síndhur apā́ṁ tán marútas tád aśvínā índro víṣṇur mīḍhvā́ṁsaḥ sajóṣasaḥ
May the Sindhu of waters, the Maruts, the Ashvins, Indra, and Vishnu, the powerful ones, be well-disposed towards us.
The poet prays that the Sindhu (river/ocean), the Maruts, the Ashvins, Indra, and Vishnu, all powerful and benevolent beings, may act in unison and favor them.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. उत नः सिन्धुर अपां utá naḥ síndhuḥ apā́m (8 syllables)
- B. तद् मरुतः तद् अश्विना tát marútaḥ tát aśvínā (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रो विष्णुः मीढ्वांसः सजो Dieses índraḥ víṣṇuḥ mīḍhvā́ṃsaḥ sajóṣasaḥ (12 syllables)
उत (utá)
and
नः (naḥ)
towards us
सिन्धुर (síndhuḥ)
Sindhu (river/ocean)
अपां (apā́m)
of waters
तद् (tát)
that, therefore
मरुतः (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm gods)
तद् (tát)
that, therefore
अश्विना (aśvínā)
Ashvins (divine twins)
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra (king of gods)
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
Vishnu (a solar deity)
मीढ्वांसः (mīḍhvā́ṃsaḥ)
bestowers of benefits, powerful (plural)
सजो Dieses (sajóṣasaḥ)
acting in unison, of the same will (plural)
Stanza 8.25.15
ते हि ष्मा॑ व॒नुषो॒ नरो॒ऽभिमा॑तिं॒ कय॑स्य चित् | ति॒ग्मं न क्षोदः॑ प्रति॒घ्नन्ति॒ भूर्ण॑यः ||
té hí ṣmā vanúṣo náro 'bhímātiṁ káyasya cit tigmáṁ ná kṣódaḥ pratighnánti bhū́rṇayaḥ
Because these heroes repel hostility, like a fierce flood repels destruction.
These divine heroes, like a fierce water flood, effectively repel the hostility of any enemy or foe. They are described as strong and powerful warriors who stand against aggression.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ते हि वनुषो नरो té hí sma + vanúṣaḥ náraḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अभिमातिं कयस्य चिद् abhímātim káyasya cit (8 syllables)
- C. तिग्मं न क्षोदः प्रतिघ्नन्ति भूर्णयः tigmám ná kṣódaḥ pratighnánti bhū́rṇayaḥ (12 syllables)
ते (té)
they
हि (hí)
indeed, certainly
(sma +)
वनुषो (vanúṣaḥ)
of the enemy, of hostility
नरो (náraḥ)
heroes, men (plural)
अभिमातिं (abhímātim)
enmity, hostility
कयस्य (káyasya)
of anyone, of whatsoever
चिद् (cit)
indeed, even
तिग्मं (tigmám)
fierce, sharp
न (ná)
like, as
क्षोदः (kṣódaḥ)
flood, torrent
प्रतिघ्नन्ति (pratighnánti)
they strike down, they repel
भूर्णयः (bhū́rṇayaḥ)
fierce ones, rapid ones (plural)
Stanza 8.25.16
अ॒यमेक॑ इ॒त्था पु॒रूरु च॑ष्टे॒ वि वि॒श्पतिः॑ | तस्य॑ व्र॒तान्यनु॑ वश्चरामसि ||
ayám éka itthā́ purū́rú caṣṭe ví viśpátiḥ tásya vratā́ny ánu vaś carāmasi
This one being, the lord of men, looks widely. We follow his laws for our benefit.
The poet observes this single, supreme being who is the lord of people, looking out widely. He states that he follows the divine laws and ordinances of this being, for his own benefit.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. अयम् एक इत्था पुरू ayám ékaḥ itthā́ purú (8 syllables)
- B. उरू चष्टे वि विश्वपतिः urú caṣṭe ví viśpátiḥ (8 syllables)
- C. तस्य व्रतान्य अनु वा चरामसि tásya vratā́ni ánu vaḥ carāmasi (12 syllables)
अयम् (ayám)
this
एक (ékaḥ)
one, single
इत्था (itthā́)
thus, in this way
पुरू (purú)
much, greatly
उरू (urú)
widely, far
चष्टे (caṣṭe)
he looks, he beholds
वि (ví)
apart, widely
विश्वपतिः (viśpátiḥ)
lord of the people
तस्य (tásya)
his
व्रतान्य (vratā́ni)
laws, ordinances, vows (plural)
अनु (ánu)
following, according to
वा (vaḥ)
for you (plural)
चरामसि (carāmasi)
we follow, we go along
Stanza 8.25.17
अनु॒ पूर्वा॑ण्यो॒क्या॑ साम्रा॒ज्यस्य॑ सश्चिम | मि॒त्रस्य॑ व्र॒ता वरु॑णस्य दीर्घ॒श्रुत् ||
ánu pū́rvāṇy okyāā̀ sāmrājyásya saścima mitrásya vratā́ váruṇasya dīrghaśrút
We follow the ancient laws, the dominion, the long-known vows of Mitra and Varuna.
The poet declares that he adheres to the ancient, established laws and the supreme dominion, specifically following the well-known vows of Mitra and Varuna.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. अनु पूर्वाण्यो क्या ánu pū́rvāṇi okyā̀ (8 syllables)
- B. साम्राज्यस्य सश्चिम sāmrājyásya saścima (8 syllables)
- C. मित्रस्य व्रता वरुणस्य दीर्घश्रुत् mitrásya vratā́ váruṇasya dīrghaśrút (12 syllables)
अनु (ánu)
following, according to
पूर्वाण्यो (pū́rvāṇi)
ancient, former (plural)
क्या (okyā̀)
laws, customs (plural)
साम्राज्यस्य (sāmrājyásya)
of supreme rule, of sovereignty
सश्चिम (saścima)
we have followed, we have attained
मित्रस्य (mitrásya)
of Mitra
व्रता (vratā́)
vows, laws (plural)
वरुणस्य (váruṇasya)
of Varuna
दीर्घश्रुत् (dīrghaśrút)
long-heard, well-known
Stanza 8.25.18
परि॒ यो र॒श्मिना॑ दि॒वोऽन्ता॑न्म॒मे पृ॑थि॒व्याः | उ॒भे आ प॑प्रौ॒ रोद॑सी महि॒त्वा ||
pári yó raśmínā divó 'ntān mamé pr̥thivyā́ḥ ubhé ā́ paprau ródasī mahitvā́
He who measured the ends of heaven and earth with his ray, and filled the two worlds with his greatness.
This powerful being, using his radiant ray, has measured the boundaries of both heaven and earth. With his immense greatness, he has pervaded and filled both realms.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. परि यो रश्मिना दिवो pári yáḥ raśmínā diváḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अन्तान् ममे पृथिव्याः ántān mamé pr̥thivyā́ḥ (8 syllables)
- C. उभे आ पप्रौ रोदसी महित्वा ubhé ā́ paprau ródasī mahitvā́ (11 syllables)
परि (pári)
around, completely
यो (yáḥ)
who
रश्मिना (raśmínā)
with a ray, with a beam
दिवो (diváḥ)
of the sky, of heaven
अन्तान् (ántān)
ends, boundaries (plural)
ममे (mamé)
he measured
पृथिव्याः (pr̥thivyā́ḥ)
of the earth
उभे (ubhé)
both
आ (ā́)
completely, all around
पप्रौ (paprau)
he filled
रोदसी (ródasī)
two worlds (heaven and earth)
महित्वा (mahitvā́)
with greatness, with majesty
Stanza 8.25.19
उदु॒ ष्य श॑र॒णे दि॒वो ज्योति॑रयंस्त॒ सूर्यः॑ | अ॒ग्निर्न शु॒क्रः स॑मिधा॒न आहु॑तः ||
úd u ṣyá śaraṇé divó jyótir ayaṁsta sū́ryaḥ agnír ná śukráḥ samidhāná ā́hutaḥ
The sun has spread its light in the sky, like Agni, bright and offered.
The sun (Surya) has spread its light throughout the sky, similar to how Agni (fire) shines brilliantly when offerings are made to him, symbolizing divine radiance and presence.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. उदु उ ष्य शरणे दिवो út u syá śaraṇé diváḥ (8 syllables)
- B. ज्योतिः अयंगस्त सूर्यः jyótiḥ ayaṃsta sū́ryaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. अग्निर्न न शुक्रः समिधान आहुतः agníḥ ná śukráḥ samidhānáḥ ā́hutaḥ (12 syllables)
उदु (út)
up
उ (u)
and
ष्य (syá)
this
शरणे (śaraṇé)
in the protection, in the expanse
दिवो (diváḥ)
of the sky
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light
अयंगस्त (ayaṃsta)
he spread out, he extended
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
the sun
अग्निर्न (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
न (ná)
like, as
शुक्रः (śukráḥ)
bright, luminous
समिधान (samidhānáḥ)
kindled, set alight
आहुतः (ā́hutaḥ)
offered, invoked
Stanza 8.25.20
वचो॑ दी॒र्घप्र॑सद्म॒नीशे॒ वाज॑स्य॒ गोम॑तः | ईशे॒ हि पि॒त्वो॑ऽवि॒षस्य॑ दा॒वने॑ ||
váco dīrgháprasadmanī́śe vā́jasya gómataḥ ī́śe hí pitvò 'viṣásya dāváne
The word, from a distant seat, governs the food from cattle; he controls the gift of pure sustenance.
The poet speaks of a being whose word, even from a distant place, governs abundant food derived from cattle. This being controls the gift of pure, uncorrupted sustenance.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. वचो दीर्घप्रसद्मनीशे vácaḥ dīrgháprasadmani (8 syllables)
- B. ईशे वाजस्य गोमतः ī́śe vā́jasya gómataḥ (8 syllables)
- C. ईशे हि पित्वो अविषस्य दावने ī́śe hí pitváḥ aviṣásya dāváne (12 syllables)
वचो (vácaḥ)
word, speech
दीर्घप्रसद्मनीशे (dīrgháprasadmani)
in a distant seat, in a far-reaching abode
ईशे (ī́śe)
he rules, he governs
वाजस्य (vā́jasya)
of food, of sustenance
गोमतः (gómataḥ)
of cattle, related to cows
ईशे (ī́śe)
he rules, he governs
हि (hí)
indeed, certainly
पित्वो (pitváḥ)
of nourishment, of food
अविषस्य (aviṣásya)
of the unpoisoned, of the pure
दावने (dāváne)
for giving, for the gift
Stanza 8.25.21
तत्सूर्यं॒ रोद॑सी उ॒भे दो॒षा वस्तो॒रुप॑ ब्रुवे | भो॒जेष्व॒स्माँ अ॒भ्युच्च॑रा॒ सदा॑ ||
tát sū́ryaṁ ródasī ubhé doṣā́ vástor úpa bruve bhojéṣv asmā́m̐ abhy úc carā sádā
To that sun, heaven, and earth, at dawn and dusk, I speak: Rise up for us with enjoyments.
The poet addresses the sun, heaven, and earth, speaking to them at dawn and dusk. He asks them to rise up and bring blessings and enjoyments to the worshippers.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तद् सूर्य रोदसी उभे tát sū́ryam ródasī ubhé (8 syllables)
- B. दोषा वस्तोः उप ब्रुवे doṣā́ vástoḥ úpa bruve (8 syllables)
- C. भोजेष्व अस्मान अभ्यु उ सदा bhojéṣu asmā́n abhí út cara + sádā (12 syllables)
तद् (tát)
that, to that
सूर्य (sū́ryam)
to the sun
रोदसी (ródasī)
heaven and earth
उभे (ubhé)
both
दोषा (doṣā́)
at dusk, in the evening
वस्तोः (vástoḥ)
at dawn, in the morning
उप (úpa)
towards
ब्रुवे (bruve)
I speak
भोजेष्व (bhojéṣu)
in enjoyments, in blessings (plural)
अस्मान (asmā́n)
us
अभ्यु (abhí)
towards
उ (út)
up
(cara +)
सदा (sádā)
always
Stanza 8.25.22
ऋ॒ज्रमु॑क्ष॒ण्याय॑ने रज॒तं हर॑याणे | रथं॑ यु॒क्तम॑सनाम सु॒षाम॑णि ||
r̥jrám ukṣaṇyā́yane rajatáṁ hárayāṇe ráthaṁ yuktám asanāma suṣā́maṇi
From Ukshaṇyâyana a bay horse, from Harayâṇa a white horse, and from Sushâman a harnessed chariot we obtained.
The poet speaks of acquiring horses of different colors and qualities from specific regions or individuals: a bay horse from Ukshaṇyâyana, a white horse from Harayâṇa, and a harnessed chariot from Sushâman.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ऋज्रमु उक्षण्यायने r̥jrám ukṣaṇyā́yane (8 syllables)
- B. रजतं हरयाणे rajatám hárayāṇe (7 syllables)
- C. रथं युक्तम असनामो सुषामणि rátham yuktám asanāma suṣā́maṇi (12 syllables)
ऋज्रमु (r̥jrám)
bay-colored
उक्षण्यायने (ukṣaṇyā́yane)
from Ukshaṇyâyana (a person or place)
रजतं (rajatám)
white, silver-colored
हरयाणे (hárayāṇe)
from Harayâṇa (a person or place)
रथं (rátham)
chariot
युक्तम (yuktám)
harnessed, yoked
असनामो (asanāma)
we obtained, we acquired
सुषामणि (suṣā́maṇi)
from Sushâman (a person or place)
Stanza 8.25.23
ता मे॒ अश्व्या॑नां॒ हरी॑णां नि॒तोश॑ना | उ॒तो नु कृत्व्या॑नां नृ॒वाह॑सा ||
tā́ me áśvyānāṁ hárīṇāṁ nitóśanā utó nú kŕ̥tvyānāṁ nr̥vā́hasā
May these two bring me further gain of horses, and may they carry warriors with great power.
The poet states that these two divine beings will bring him further benefits. They will transport him with horses, and he will associate with them, carrying warriors and possessing great power.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. ता मे अश्व्यानां tā́ me áśvyānām (7 syllables)
- B. हरीणां नितोशना hárīṇām nitóśanā (8 syllables)
- C. उतो उ नु कृत्व्यानां नृवाहसा utá u nú kŕ̥tvyānām nr̥vā́hasā (12 syllables)
ता (tā́)
those two
मे (me)
for me
अश्व्यानां (áśvyānām)
of horses
हरीणां (hárīṇām)
of the tawny horses (dual)
नितोशना (nitóśanā)
bringing further gain, transport
उतो (utá)
and
उ (u)
and
नु (nú)
now
कृत्व्यानां (kŕ̥tvyānām)
of the active ones, of the doers
नृवाहसा (nr̥vā́hasā)
carriers of men, supporting warriors (dual)
Stanza 8.25.24
स्मद॑भीशू॒ कशा॑वन्ता॒ विप्रा॒ नवि॑ष्ठया म॒ती | म॒हो वा॒जिना॒वर्व॑न्ता॒ सचा॑सनम् ||
smádabhīśū káśāvantā víprā náviṣṭhayā matī́ mahó vājínāv árvantā sácāsanam
O sages, we have obtained the two who hold the reins and whip, and the two great strong steeds, with our newest thoughts.
The poet addresses the divine sages (Vipras), stating that he has gained two beings who hold the reins and whip, and two strong steeds. He has obtained them through his newest thoughts and songs.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. स्मदभीशू कशावन्ता smádabhīśū káśāvantā (8 syllables)
- B. विप्रा नविष्ठया मती víprāḥ náviṣṭhayā matī́ (8 syllables)
- C. महो वाजिनाव अर्वन्ता सचा maháḥ vājínau árvantā sácā asanam (12 syllables)
स्मदभीशू (smádabhīśū)
those who hold the reins (dual)
कशावन्ता (káśāvantā)
wielding the whip (dual)
विप्रा (víprāḥ)
O wise ones, O sages (vocative plural)
नविष्ठया (náviṣṭhayā)
with the newest, with the most recent
मती (matī́)
with thoughts, with songs
महो (maháḥ)
great
वाजिनाव (vājínau)
powerful ones, strong ones (dual)
अर्वन्ता (árvantā)
steeds, coursers (dual)
सचा (sácā)
together, along with
(asanam)