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Stanza 8.21.1
व॒यमु॒ त्वाम॑पूर्व्य स्थू॒रं न कच्चि॒द्भर॑न्तोऽव॒स्यवः॑ | वाजे॑ चि॒त्रं ह॑वामहे ||
vayám u tvā́m apūrvya sthūráṁ ná kác cid bháranto 'vasyávaḥ vā́je citráṁ havāmahe
We call upon you, O unequaled one, seeking help, as we ourselves possess nothing firm. We invoke you, wonderful in battle.
The speaker, identifying themselves as 'we' (representing a group or community), addresses Indra, the king of the gods. They call upon him, recognizing his unique and supreme nature, acknowledging their own need for help and their lack of inherent strength. They invoke him, highlighting his wondrous presence in battles.
Meter:
- A. व॒यम् उ त्वाम् अ॒पूर्व्य vayám u tvā́m apūrvya (8 syllables)
- B. स्थू॒रम् न कच्चिद् चि भरन्तः अव॒स्यवः sthūrám ná kát cit bhárantaḥ avasyávaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. वाजे चित्रं हवामहे vā́je citrám havāmahe (8 syllables)
व॒यम् (vayám)
we
उ (u)
indeed
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
अ॒पूर्व्य (apūrvya)
unequaled, unique
स्थू॒रम् (sthūrám)
firm, strong
न (ná)
not
कच्चिद् (kát)
anything
चि (cit)
even
भरन्तः (bhárantaḥ)
holding, possessing
अव॒स्यवः (avasyávaḥ)
seeking help, seeking protection
वाजे (vā́je)
in battle, in conflict
चित्रं (citrám)
wonderful, marvelous
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call upon, we invoke
Stanza 8.21.2
उप॑ त्वा॒ कर्म॑न्नू॒तये॒ स नो॒ युवो॒ग्रश्च॑क्राम॒ यो धृ॒षत् | त्वामिद्ध्य॑वि॒तारं॑ ववृ॒महे॒ सखा॑य इन्द्र सान॒सिम् ||
úpa tvā kármann ūtáye sá no yúvográś cakrāma yó dhr̥ṣát tvā́m íd dhy àvitā́raṁ vavr̥máhe sákhāya indra sānasím
Come to our ritual for aid! This strong and courageous youth of ours has come forth. We choose you, our friend Indra, as our protector and provider of abundance.
The speaker invokes Indra, asking him to come to their ritual (karma) for help (utaye). They describe Indra as youthful, strong, and courageous, stating that he has come forth for them. They have chosen him as their friend, protector (avitāram), and provider of abundance (sānasim).
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. उप त्वा कर्मन्न ऊ॒तये स नः यु॒ úpa tvā kárman ūtáye sá naḥ yúvā (12 syllables)
- B. उ॒ग्रश्च चक्र | म यः धृ॒षत् ugráḥ cakrāma yáḥ dhr̥ṣát (8 syllables)
- C. त्वाम् इद् हि अ॒वि॒तारं ववृ॒महे tvā́m ít hí avitā́ram vavr̥máhe (12 syllables)
- D. स॒खा | यः इन्द्र सान॒सिम् sákhāyaḥ indra sānasím (8 syllables)
उप (úpa)
near, to
त्वा (tvā)
you
कर्मन्न (kárman)
in the ritual, in the work
ऊ॒तये (ūtáye)
for aid, for help
स (sá)
he
नः (naḥ)
our
यु॒ (yúvā)
youthful, young
उ॒ग्रश्च (ugráḥ)
strong, mighty
चक्र | म (cakrāma)
has come forth, has emerged
यः (yáḥ)
who
धृ॒षत् (dhr̥ṣát)
bold, courageous
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
इद् (ít)
indeed
हि (hí)
indeed
अ॒वि॒तारं (avitā́ram)
protector, helper
ववृ॒महे (vavr̥máhe)
we choose, we select
स॒खा | यः (sákhāyaḥ)
friends
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
सान॒सिम् (sānasím)
provider of abundance, bestower
Stanza 8.21.3
आ या॑ही॒म इन्द॒वोऽश्व॑पते॒ गोप॑त॒ उर्व॑रापते | सोमं॑ सोमपते पिब ||
ā́ yāhīmá índavó 'śvapate gópata úrvarāpate sómaṁ somapate piba
Come! The Soma drops are here. O Lord of horses, Lord of cattle, Lord of fertile lands, O Lord of Soma, drink the Soma!
The speaker invites Indra to come, recognizing the presence of the Soma drops ('indavaḥ') prepared for him. They address Indra by his epithets as the lord of horses, cattle, and fertile lands, and as the lord of Soma itself, urging him to drink the Soma.
Meter:
- A. आ याही इमे इन्दवो ā́ yāhi imé índavaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अश्व॑पते गोप॑ उर्व॑रापते áśvapate gópate úrvarāpate (12 syllables)
- C. सोम सोमपते पिब sómam somapate piba (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
come
याही (yāhi)
come!
इमे (imé)
these
इन्दवो (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
अश्व॑पते (áśvapate)
O Lord of horses
गोप॑ (gópate)
O Lord of cattle
उर्व॑रापते (úrvarāpate)
O Lord of fertile lands
सोम (sómam)
Soma
सोमपते (somapate)
O Lord of Soma
पिब (piba)
drink
Stanza 8.21.4
व॒यं हि त्वा॒ बन्धु॑मन्तमब॒न्धवो॒ विप्रा॑स इन्द्र येमि॒म | या ते॒ धामा॑नि वृषभ॒ तेभि॒रा ग॑हि॒ विश्वे॑भिः॒ सोम॑पीतये ||
vayáṁ hí tvā bándhumantam abandhávo víprāsa indra yemimá yā́ te dhā́māni vr̥ṣabha tébhir ā́ gahi víśvebhiḥ sómapītaye
For we, the inspired poets without kin, have invoked you, O Indra, who have many relatives. O bull-like one, come with all your forms for the drinking of Soma.
The speaker explains that although they lack close relatives or support (abandhavah), they, as inspired poets (vipras), have invoked Indra, who is well-connected (bandhumantam). They implore Indra, the 'bull-like' one, to come with all his divine powers and forms to partake in the Soma.
Meter:
- A. व॒यम् हि त्वा बन्धु॑मन्तम् अ॒बन्धवो vayám hí tvā bándhumantam abandhávaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. विप्रा॑सः इन्द्र येमि॒म víprāsaḥ indra yemimá (8 syllables)
- C. या ते धामा॑नि वृषभ तेभिः आ गहि yā́ te dhā́māni vr̥ṣabha tébhiḥ ā́ gahi (13 syllables)
- D. विश्वे॑भिः सोम॑पीतये víśvebhiḥ sómapītaye (8 syllables)
व॒यम् (vayám)
we
हि (hí)
indeed
त्वा (tvā)
you
बन्धु॑मन्तम् (bándhumantam)
having many relatives, well-connected
अ॒बन्धवो (abandhávaḥ)
without relatives, without support
विप्रा॑सः (víprāsaḥ)
inspired poets, wise ones
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
येमि॒म (yemimá)
we have invoked, we have called
या (yā́)
which, that
ते (te)
your
धामा॑नि (dhā́māni)
powers, forms, abodes
वृषभ (vr̥ṣabha)
O bull-like one
तेभिः (tébhiḥ)
with them
आ (ā́)
towards, hither
गहि (gahi)
come
विश्वे॑भिः (víśvebhiḥ)
with all
सोम॑पीतये (sómapītaye)
for drinking Soma
Stanza 8.21.5
सीद॑न्तस्ते॒ वयो॑ यथा॒ गोश्री॑ते॒ मधौ॑ मदि॒रे वि॒वक्ष॑णे | अ॒भि त्वामि॑न्द्र नोनुमः ||
sī́dantas te váyo yathā góśrīte mádhau madiré vivákṣaṇe abhí tvā́m indra nonumaḥ
Sitting with you, like birds, in the sweet mixture with milk, which gladdens and exhilarates, O Indra, we sing aloud to you.
The speakers describe themselves as sitting like birds, enjoying a sweet mixture (madhu) made with milk (gośrīte), which pleases and exhilarates Indra. They sing praises to Indra, who is associated with exhilaration and abundance.
Meter:
- A. सीद॑न्तः ते वयः यथा sī́dantaḥ te váyaḥ yathā (8 syllables)
- B. गोश्री॑ते मधौ मदि॒रे विवक्ष॑णे góśrīte mádhau madiré vivákṣaṇe (12 syllables)
- C. अभि त्वाम् इन्द्र नोनुमः abhí tvā́m indra nonumaḥ (8 syllables)
सीद॑न्तः (sī́dantaḥ)
sitting
ते (te)
your
वयः (váyaḥ)
birds
यथा (yathā)
like
गोश्री॑ते (góśrīte)
mixed with milk
मधौ (mádhau)
in the sweet drink, in the mead
मदि॒रे (madiré)
exhilarating, intoxicating
विवक्ष॑णे (vivákṣaṇe)
exalting, inspiring
अभि (abhí)
towards
त्वाम् (tvā́m)
you
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
नोनुमः (nonumaḥ)
we praise, we sing
Stanza 8.21.6
अच्छा॑ च त्वै॒ना नम॑सा॒ वदा॑मसि॒ किं मुहु॑श्चि॒द्वि दी॑धयः | सन्ति॒ कामा॑सो हरिवो द॒दिष्ट्वं स्मो व॒यं सन्ति॑ नो॒ धियः॑ ||
áchā ca tvainā́ námasā vádāmasi kím múhuś cid ví dīdhayaḥ sánti kā́māso harivo dadíṣ ṭváṁ smó vayáṁ sánti no dhíyaḥ
And with reverence, we speak to you. Why are you still considering? O Indra, lord of horses, our desires are here; we and our thoughts are present.
The speakers address Indra, stating they offer him praise with reverence. They question why he seems to be considering something further, assuring him that their desires (kāmāsaḥ) are present. They identify Indra as liberal and possessing horses, and themselves as present with their thoughts and prayers.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. अच्छा च त्वै ए॒ना नम॑सा वदा॑मसि ácha + ca tvā enā́ námasā vádāmasi (12 syllables)
- B. किं मुहुः चि वि दीधयः kím múhur cit ví dīdhayaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. सन्ति कामा॑सः हरि॑वः ददिः त्वं sánti kā́māsaḥ harivaḥ dadíḥ tvám (12 syllables)
- D. स्मः व॒यम् सन्ति नः धियः smáḥ vayám sánti naḥ dhíyaḥ (8 syllables)
अच्छा (ácha +)
straight, directly
च (ca)
and
त्वै (tvā)
you
ए॒ना (enā́)
with this
नम॑सा (námasā)
with reverence, with devotion
वदा॑मसि (vádāmasi)
we speak
किं (kím)
why
मुहुः (múhur)
repeatedly
चि (cit)
even
वि (ví)
away, apart
दीधयः (dīdhayaḥ)
do you consider, do you ponder
सन्ति (sánti)
are
कामा॑सः (kā́māsaḥ)
desires, wishes
हरि॑वः (harivaḥ)
O possessor of horses, O lord of horses
ददिः (dadíḥ)
bestower
त्वं (tvám)
you
स्मः (smáḥ)
we are
व॒यम् (vayám)
we
सन्ति (sánti)
are
नः (naḥ)
our
धियः (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, intentions
Stanza 8.21.7
नूत्ना॒ इदि॑न्द्र ते व॒यमू॒ती अ॑भूम न॒हि नू ते॑ अद्रिवः | वि॒द्मा पु॒रा परी॑णसः ||
nū́tnā íd indra te vayám ūtī́ abhūma nahí nū́ te adrivaḥ vidmā́ purā́ párīṇasaḥ
Indeed, Indra, we have obtained your help not only recently; from of old, Thunderer, we knew your abundant wealth.
The speakers state that their experience of Indra's help (ūtī) is not just recent, but that they have known his abundant wealth (parīṇasaḥ) from ancient times. They address Indra, the thunderer, acknowledging their enduring connection and reliance on him.
Meter:
- A. नूत्ना इदि इन्द्र ते व॒यम् nū́tnāḥ ít indra te vayám (8 syllables)
- B. ऊ॒ती अ॒भू | म नहि नू ते अद्रिवः ūtī́ abhūma nahí nú + te adrivaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. विद्मा पु॒रा परी॑णसः vidmá + purā́ párīṇasaḥ (8 syllables)
नूत्ना (nū́tnāḥ)
new, recent
इदि (ít)
indeed
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
ते (te)
your
व॒यम् (vayám)
we
ऊ॒ती (ūtī́)
with help, with aid
अ॒भू | म (abhūma)
we obtained, we became
नहि (nahí)
not
नू (nú +)
now
ते (te)
your
अद्रिवः (adrivaḥ)
O thunderer, O wielder of the thunderbolt
विद्मा (vidmá +)
we know
पु॒रा (purā́)
from of old, formerly
परी॑णसः (párīṇasaḥ)
abundant wealth, full stores
Stanza 8.21.8
वि॒द्मा स॑खि॒त्वमु॒त शू॑र भो॒ज्य१॒॑मा ते॒ ता व॑ज्रिन्नीमहे | उ॒तो स॑मस्मि॒न्ना शि॑शीहि नो वसो॒ वाजे॑ सुशिप्र॒ गोम॑ति ||
vidmā́ sakhitvám utá śūra bhojyàm ā́ te tā́ vajrinn īmahe utó samasminn ā́ śiśīhi no vaso vā́je suśipra gómati
Hero, we know your friendship and your generous gifts. We desire them, O Thunderer. O Vasu, in the context of wealth from cattle, sharpen us, O fair-faced one.
The speakers acknowledge Indra's friendship and his generous gifts. They express their desire for these things, addressing Indra as the thunderer (vajrin) and as a benevolent being (vasu). They ask him to sharpen their abilities, especially in the context of wealth derived from cattle, and in the arena of battle.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. वि॒द्मा सखि॒त्वमु उतो शू॒र भो॒ज्य१ vidmá + sakhitvám utá śūra bhojyàm (12 syllables)
- B. आ ते ता व॒ज्रि नीमहे ā́ te tā́ vajrin īmahe (8 syllables)
- C. उतो उ समस्मिन् आ शि॒शीहि नः वसो utá u samasmin ā́ śiśīhi naḥ vaso (12 syllables)
- D. वाजे सु॒शि॒प्र गोम॑ति vā́je suśipra gómati (8 syllables)
वि॒द्मा (vidmá +)
we know
सखि॒त्वमु (sakhitvám)
friendship
उतो (utá)
and
शू॒र (śūra)
O hero
भो॒ज्य१ (bhojyàm)
worthy of being enjoyed, wealth
आ (ā́)
towards
ते (te)
your
ता (tā́)
those
व॒ज्रि (vajrin)
O wielder of the thunderbolt
नीमहे (īmahe)
we desire, we seek
उतो (utá)
and
उ (u)
indeed
समस्मिन् (samasmin)
in all, in entirety
आ (ā́)
towards
शि॒शीहि (śiśīhi)
sharpen, make keen
नः (naḥ)
us
वसो (vaso)
O benevolent one, O rich one
वाजे (vā́je)
in battle, in contest
सु॒शि॒प्र (suśipra)
O fair-faced one
गोम॑ति (gómati)
in wealth from cattle, abundant in cows
Stanza 8.21.9
यो न॑ इ॒दमि॑दं पु॒रा प्र वस्य॑ आनि॒नाय॒ तमु॑ वः स्तुषे | सखा॑य॒ इन्द्र॑मू॒तये॑ ||
yó na idám-idam purā́ prá vásya āninā́ya tám u va stuṣe sákhāya índram ūtáye
We praise you, our friend Indra, who from of old has brought us this and that benefit, for help.
The speaker praises Indra, acknowledging him as the one who, from ancient times, has brought them this or that valuable thing. They offer this praise to him as a friend and invoke him for help.
Meter:
- A. यः नः इ॒दमि॑दं पु॒रा yáḥ naḥ idám-idam purā́ (8 syllables)
- B. प्र वस्य आनि॒नाय तमु उ वः स्तुषे prá vásyaḥ āninā́ya tám u vaḥ stuṣe (12 syllables)
- C. सखा | य इन्द्रम् ऊ॒तये sákhāyaḥ índram ūtáye (8 syllables)
यः (yáḥ)
who
नः (naḥ)
to us
इ॒दमि॑दं (idám-idam)
this and that
पु॒रा (purā́)
formerly, from of old
प्र (prá)
forth
वस्य (vásyaḥ)
wealth, benefit
आनि॒नाय (āninā́ya)
has brought
तमु (tám)
him
उ (u)
indeed
वः (vaḥ)
for you
स्तुषे (stuṣe)
I praise
सखा | य (sákhāyaḥ)
O friends
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
ऊ॒तये (ūtáye)
for help, for aid
Stanza 8.21.10
हर्य॑श्वं॒ सत्प॑तिं चर्षणी॒सहं॒ स हि ष्मा॒ यो अम॑न्दत | आ तु नः॒ स व॑यति॒ गव्य॒मश्व्यं॑ स्तो॒तृभ्यो॑ म॒घवा॑ श॒तम् ||
háryaśvaṁ sátpatiṁ carṣaṇīsáhaṁ sá hí ṣmā yó ámandata ā́ tú naḥ sá vayati gávyam áśvyaṁ stotŕ̥bhyo maghávā śatám
He who is borne by bay horses, lord of beings, conqueror of people, indeed, he delights. May generous Indra come to us and grant hundreds of cattle and horses to us, the singers.
The speaker describes Indra as powerful, the lord of beings (satpati) and conqueror of people (charshaniṣaha), borne by his bay horses (haryashva). They note that he is the one who enjoys or takes delight. They pray that this Indra, the generous one (maghavā), will grant them hundreds of cattle and horses.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. हर्य॑श्वं सत्प॑तिं चर्षणी॒सहं háryaśvam sátpatim carṣaṇīsáham (12 syllables)
- B. स हि ष्मा यः अ॒मन्दत sá hí sma + yáḥ ámandata (8 syllables)
- C. आ तु नः स व॒यति ग॒व्यं अश्व्यं ā́ tú naḥ sá vayati gávyam áśvyam (12 syllables)
- D. स्तो॒तृभ्यो म॒घवा शतम् stotŕ̥bhyaḥ maghávā śatám (8 syllables)
हर्य॑श्वं (háryaśvam)
borne by bay horses
सत्प॑तिं (sátpatim)
lord of beings, lord of men
चर्षणी॒सहं (carṣaṇīsáham)
conquering people, ruling men
स (sá)
he
हि (hí)
indeed
ष्मा (sma +)
indeed
यः (yáḥ)
who
अ॒मन्दत (ámandata)
delighted, rejoiced
आ (ā́)
hither
तु (tú)
indeed
नः (naḥ)
to us
स (sá)
he
व॒यति (vayati)
may grant, may bestow
ग॒व्यं (gávyam)
cattle wealth
अश्व्यं (áśvyam)
horse wealth
स्तो॒तृभ्यो (stotŕ̥bhyaḥ)
to the singers, to the praisers
म॒घवा (maghávā)
the generous one, the bountiful
शतम् (śatám)
hundred
Stanza 8.21.11
त्वया॑ ह स्विद्यु॒जा व॒यं प्रति॑ श्व॒सन्तं॑ वृषभ ब्रुवीमहि | सं॒स्थे जन॑स्य॒ गोम॑तः ||
tváyā ha svid yujā́ vayám práti śvasántaṁ vr̥ṣabha bruvīmahi saṁsthé jánasya gómataḥ
May we, with you as companion, O bull-like Indra, withstand those who breathe heavily against us, in the contest of the cattle-owning people.
The speakers express a desire, with Indra as their companion (yujā), to withstand those who oppose them in conflict. They address Indra as the 'bull-like' one (vr̥ṣabha) and wish to be able to speak against them, especially in a context of conflict involving those with cattle wealth.
Meter:
- A. त्वया ह स्वि यु॒जा व॒यम् tváyā ha svit yujā́ vayám (8 syllables)
- B. प्रति श्व॒सन्तं वृ॒ष॒भ ब्रु॒वी॒म॒हि práti śvasántam vr̥ṣabha bruvīmahi (12 syllables)
- C. सं॒स्थे जन॑स्य गोम॑तः saṃsthé jánasya gómataḥ (8 syllables)
त्वया (tváyā)
with you
ह (ha)
indeed
स्वि (svit)
indeed
यु॒जा (yujā́)
as companion, as ally
व॒यम् (vayám)
we
प्रति (práti)
against
श्व॒सन्तं (śvasántam)
who is panting, who is breathing heavily (in opposition)
वृ॒ष॒भ (vr̥ṣabha)
O bull-like one
ब्रु॒वी॒म॒हि (bruvīmahi)
may we speak
सं॒स्थे (saṃsthé)
in the contest, in the battle
जन॑स्य (jánasya)
of the people, of mankind
गोम॑तः (gómataḥ)
of the cattle-owner, rich in cattle
Stanza 8.21.12
जये॑म का॒रे पु॑रुहूत का॒रिणो॒ऽभि ति॑ष्ठेम दू॒ढ्यः॑ | नृभि॑र्वृ॒त्रं ह॒न्याम॑ शूशु॒याम॒ चावे॑रिन्द्र॒ प्र णो॒ धियः॑ ||
jáyema kāré puruhūta kāríṇo 'bhí tiṣṭhema dūḍhyàḥ nŕ̥bhir vr̥tráṁ hanyā́ma śūśuyā́ma cā́ver indra prá ṇo dhíyaḥ
May we be victorious in the poetic contests, may we overcome the wicked with heroes. May we destroy Vritra and display our strength. O Indra, may you further our intentions.
The speakers express their desire to be victorious in the metaphorical 'battles' of poetry and invocation ('kāre'). They wish to overcome the wicked ('dūḍhyaḥ') with heroes, and to show their strength ('śūśuyāma'). They implore Indra to further their thoughts and intentions.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. जये॑म का॒रे पु॒रु॒हू॒त का॒रिणो jáyema kāré puruhūta kāríṇaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. अभि ति॒ष्ठेम दू॒ढ्यः abhí tiṣṭhema dūḍhyàḥ (8 syllables)
- C. नृभिः वृ॒त्रं ह॒न्याम शू॒शु॒या॒म चा nŕ̥bhiḥ vr̥trám hanyā́ma śūśuyā́ma ca (12 syllables)
- D. अ॒वे इन्द्र प्र नः धियः áveḥ indra prá naḥ dhíyaḥ (8 syllables)
जये॑म (jáyema)
may we be victorious
का॒रे (kāré)
in the poetic contest, in the song
पु॒रु॒हू॒त (puruhūta)
O much-invoked one
का॒रिणो (kāríṇaḥ)
doers, actors (here, wicked ones)
अभि (abhí)
against, upon
ति॒ष्ठेम (tiṣṭhema)
may we stand, may we overcome
दू॒ढ्यः (dūḍhyàḥ)
wicked ones, difficult adversaries
नृभिः (nŕ̥bhiḥ)
with heroes, with men
वृ॒त्रं (vr̥trám)
Vritra, the obstacle
ह॒न्याम (hanyā́ma)
may we strike, may we kill
शू॒शु॒या॒म (śūśuyā́ma)
may we display strength, may we be strong
चा (ca)
and
अ॒वे (áveḥ)
may you protect, may you favor
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
प्र (prá)
forth, onward
नः (naḥ)
our
धियः (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, intentions, prayers
Stanza 8.21.13
अ॒भ्रा॒तृ॒व्यो अ॒ना त्वमना॑पिरिन्द्र ज॒नुषा॑ स॒नाद॑सि | यु॒धेदा॑पि॒त्वमि॑च्छसे ||
abhrātr̥vyó anā́ tvám ánāpir indra janúṣā sanā́d asi yudhéd āpitvám ichase
Indra, you are without rivals and without companions from birth, from eternity. You seek friendship in battle.
Indra is described as being without rivals or companions from birth, existing eternally. The speaker states that Indra seeks companionship, specifically in times of conflict or war (yudhā).
Meter:
- A. अ॒भ्रा॒तृ॒व्यो अना त्वम abhrātr̥vyáḥ anā́ tvám (8 syllables)
- B. अना॑पिः इन्द्र ज॒नुषा स॒नाद॑सि असि ánāpiḥ indra janúṣā sanā́t asi (12 syllables)
- C. यु॒धेदा पि आ॒पि॒त्वम् इच्छसे yudhā́ ít āpitvám ichase (8 syllables)
अ॒भ्रा॒तृ॒व्यो (abhrātr̥vyáḥ)
without rivals, without brothers
अना (anā́)
without end, eternal
त्वम (tvám)
you
अना॑पिः (ánāpiḥ)
without companion, alone
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
ज॒नुषा (janúṣā)
by birth, from birth
स॒नाद॑सि (sanā́t)
from eternity, from of old
असि (asi)
you are
यु॒धेदा (yudhā́)
in battle, in war
पि (ít)
indeed
आ॒पि॒त्वम् (āpitvám)
companionship, alliance
इच्छसे (ichase)
you seek
Stanza 8.21.14
नकी॑ रे॒वन्तं॑ स॒ख्याय॑ विन्दसे॒ पीय॑न्ति ते सुरा॒श्वः॑ | य॒दा कृ॒णोषि॑ नद॒नुं समू॑ह॒स्यादित्पि॒तेव॑ हूयसे ||
nákī revántaṁ sakhyā́ya vindase pī́yanti te surāśvàḥ yadā́ kr̥ṇóṣi nadanúṁ sám ūhasy ā́d ít pitéva hūyase
You do not find the wealthy man for friendship. Those who drink deeply scorn you. When you thunder and gather, O Indra, you are invoked like a father.
The speaker points out that Indra does not find wealthy people who seek friendship with him. Those who are intoxicated (surāśvaḥ) by strong drink scorn him. They observe that when Indra thunders and gathers (samūhasaḥ), he is invoked like a father.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. नकी रे॒वन्तं स॒ख्याय विन्द॑से nákiḥ revántam sakhyā́ya vindase (12 syllables)
- B. पी॒यन्ति ते सु॒राश्वः pī́yanti te surāśvàḥ (8 syllables)
- C. यदा कृ॒णोषि नद॒नुं सम् मू॒ह॒सि yadā́ kr̥ṇóṣi nadanúm sám ūhasi (12 syllables)
- D. आत् इत् पि॒तेव इव हूयसे ā́t ít pitā́ iva hūyase (8 syllables)
नकी (nákiḥ)
not any
रे॒वन्तं (revántam)
wealthy, rich
स॒ख्याय (sakhyā́ya)
for friendship
विन्द॑से (vindase)
you find
पी॒यन्ति (pī́yanti)
they drink, they are drunk
ते (te)
they
सु॒राश्वः (surāśvàḥ)
intoxicated ones, drinkers of strong drink
यदा (yadā́)
when
कृ॒णोषि (kr̥ṇóṣi)
you do, you make
नद॒नुं (nadanúm)
thundering sound
सम् (sám)
together
मू॒ह॒सि (ūhasi)
you gather, you collect
आत् (ā́t)
then
इत् (ít)
indeed
पि॒तेव (pitā́)
father
इव (iva)
like
हूयसे (hūyase)
you are invoked
Stanza 8.21.15
मा ते॑ अमा॒जुरो॑ यथा मू॒रास॑ इन्द्र स॒ख्ये त्वाव॑तः | नि ष॑दाम॒ सचा॑ सु॒ते ||
mā́ te amājúro yathā mūrā́sa indra sakhyé tvā́vataḥ ní ṣadāma sácā suté
O Indra, may we not sit idly with you, like fools at home. With your companionship, may we be with you near the Soma.
The speaker implores Indra not to let them sit idle ('ni ṣadāma') near the Soma ('suté') like fools ('mūrāsaḥ') who waste their lives at home ('amājurāḥ'). They wish for true companionship ('sakhyé') with Indra, who is greatly endowed ('tvāavataḥ').
Meter:
- A. मा ते अ॒मा॒जु॒रो यथा mā́ te amājúraḥ yathā (8 syllables)
- B. मू॒रासः इन्द्र स॒ख्ये त्वाव॑तः mūrā́saḥ indra sakhyé tvā́vataḥ (12 syllables)
- C. नि षदा॑म सचा सु॒ते ní sadāma sácā suté (8 syllables)
मा (mā́)
do not
ते (te)
your
अ॒मा॒जु॒रो (amājúraḥ)
those who are idle at home
यथा (yathā)
like
मू॒रासः (mūrā́saḥ)
fools
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
स॒ख्ये (sakhyé)
in friendship
त्वाव॑तः (tvā́vataḥ)
endowed with you, possessing you
नि (ní)
down
षदा॑म (sadāma)
may we sit
सचा (sácā)
together
सु॒ते (suté)
in the Soma (juice)
Stanza 8.21.16
मा ते॑ गोदत्र॒ निर॑राम॒ राध॑स॒ इन्द्र॒ मा ते॑ गृहामहि | दृ॒ळ्हा चि॑द॒र्यः प्र मृ॑शा॒भ्या भ॑र॒ न ते॑ दा॒मान॑ आ॒दभे॑ ||
mā́ te godatra nír arāma rā́dhasa índra mā́ te gr̥hāmahi dr̥ḷhā́ cid aryáḥ prá mr̥śābhy ā́ bhara ná te dāmā́na ādábhe
O Giver of cows, may we not miss your gifts, O Indra. May we not seize your own. Attack and take the strongholds of the enemy; your gifts will not be in vain.
Addressing Indra as 'Giver of cows', the speaker pleads not to miss his generous gifts ('rādhase'). They also pray not to seize Indra's own possessions. They urge Indra to attack and seize the strongholds of enemies ('aryah dr̥ḷhā'), promising that his gifts ('dāmānah') will not be in vain.
Meter:
- A. मा ते गोदत्र निः अ॒रा॒म राध॑सः mā́ te godatra nís arāma rā́dhasaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. इन्द्र मा ते गृ॒हा॒म॒हि índra mā́ te gr̥hāmahi (8 syllables)
- C. दृ॒ळ्हा चि अर्यः प्र मृ॒श अभि आ भ॒र dr̥ḷhā́ cit aryáḥ prá mr̥śa abhí ā́ bhara (13 syllables)
- D. न ते दामा॑नः आ॒द॒भे ná te dāmā́naḥ ādábhe (8 syllables)
मा (mā́)
do not
ते (te)
your
गोदत्र (godatra)
O giver of cows
निः (nís)
away, from
अ॒रा॒म (arāma)
may we not cease, may we not miss
राध॑सः (rā́dhasaḥ)
from the gifts, from the bounty
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
मा (mā́)
do not
ते (te)
your
गृ॒हा॒म॒हि (gr̥hāmahi)
may we seize, may we grasp
दृ॒ळ्हा (dr̥ḷhā́)
strong, firm
चि (cit)
even
अर्यः (aryáḥ)
of the enemy
प्र (prá)
forward
मृ॒श (mr̥śa)
strike, attack
अभि (abhí)
upon
आ (ā́)
hither
भ॒र (bhara)
bring, carry
न (ná)
not
ते (te)
your
दामा॑नः (dāmā́naḥ)
gifts, bounties
आ॒द॒भे (ādábhe)
in being deceived, in being made vain
Stanza 8.21.17
इन्द्रो॑ वा॒ घेदिय॑न्म॒घं सर॑स्वती वा सु॒भगा॑ द॒दिर्वसु॑ | त्वं वा॑ चित्र दा॒शुषे॑ ||
índro vā ghéd íyan magháṁ sárasvatī vā subhágā dadír vásu tváṁ vā citra dāśúṣe
Indra, or Sarasvati, or Vasu, or you, O bright Chitra, is the giver of this great wealth to the worshipper.
The speaker posits that either Indra, or Sarasvati (who is 'subhaga' - fortunate/beautiful), or Vasu, or the bright one 'Chitra' is the ultimate bestower of great wealth ('magham'). They address Chitra, suggesting he is the one who gives gifts to the worshipper.
Meter:
- A. इन्द्रो वा घे दि इयन् म॒घं índraḥ vā gha ít íyat maghám (8 syllables)
- B. सर॑स्वती वा सु॒भगा ददिः वसु sárasvatī vā subhágā dadíḥ vásu (12 syllables)
- C. त्वं वा चित्र दा॒शुषे tvám vā citra dāśúṣe (8 syllables)
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra
वा (vā)
or
घे (gha)
indeed
दि (ít)
indeed
इयन् (íyat)
this much, so great
म॒घं (maghám)
wealth, gift
सर॑स्वती (sárasvatī)
Sarasvati
वा (vā)
or
सु॒भगा (subhágā)
fortunate, beautiful, glorious
ददिः (dadíḥ)
giver
वसु (vásu)
wealth, treasure (also a name)
त्वं (tvám)
you
वा (vā)
or
चित्र (citra)
O bright one, O Chitra
दा॒शुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the worshipper, to the offerer
Stanza 8.21.18
चित्र॒ इद्राजा॑ राज॒का इद॑न्य॒के य॒के सर॑स्वती॒मनु॑ | प॒र्जन्य॑ इव त॒तन॒द्धि वृ॒ष्ट्या स॒हस्र॑म॒युता॒ दद॑त् ||
cítra íd rā́jā rājakā́ íd anyaké yaké sárasvatīm ánu parjánya iva tatánad dhí vr̥ṣṭyā́ sahásram ayútā dádat
Chitra is the king, others are merely kinglings. They are associated with Sarasvati. Like Parjanya with rain, he has spread himself, giving thousands and myriad gifts.
The speaker declares Chitra to be the true king, while others are mere 'kinglings'. They associate these lesser figures with the river Sarasvati. Chitra, however, is compared to the rain-god Parjanya, for he has spread himself widely, bestowing thousands and myriad gifts.
Meter: Satobrhati
- A. चित्र इद् राजा राज॒का इद् अ॒न्य॒के cítraḥ ít rā́jā rājakā́ḥ ít anyaké (12 syllables)
- B. य॒के सर॑स्वतीम् अनु yaké sárasvatīm ánu (8 syllables)
- C. पर्जन्यः इव त॒तन॒द्धि हि वृ॒ष्ट्या parjányaḥ iva tatánat hí vr̥ṣṭyā́ (12 syllables)
- D. स॒हस्रं अ॒यु॒ता ददत् sahásram ayútā dádat (8 syllables)
चित्र (cítraḥ)
bright, Chitra
इद् (ít)
indeed
राजा (rā́jā)
king
राज॒का (rājakā́ḥ)
kinglings, minor kings
इद् (ít)
indeed
अ॒न्य॒के (anyaké)
others
य॒के (yaké)
those who
सर॑स्वतीम् (sárasvatīm)
Sarasvati
अनु (ánu)
along, beside
पर्जन्यः (parjányaḥ)
Parjanya, the rain-god
इव (iva)
like
त॒तन॒द्धि (tatánat)
has spread out, has extended
हि (hí)
indeed
वृ॒ष्ट्या (vr̥ṣṭyā́)
with rain
स॒हस्रं (sahásram)
thousand
अ॒यु॒ता (ayútā)
myriads
ददत् (dádat)
giving