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Stanza 8.15.1
तम्व॒भि प्र गा॑यत पुरुहू॒तं पु॑रुष्टु॒तम् | इन्द्रं॑ गी॒र्भिस्त॑वि॒षमा वि॑वासत ||
tám v abhí prá gāyata puruhūtám puruṣṭutám índraṁ gīrbhís taviṣám ā́ vivāsata
Sing forth to him who is called by many, praised by many! Invite with your songs the powerful Indra.
This verse is an invocation to Indra, the king of the gods. The singer calls upon the listeners to sing and offer praises to Indra, highlighting his immense popularity and the power of his presence. The invitation to 'sing forth' emphasizes the devotional and celebratory nature of the hymn.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तम उ अभि प्र गायत tám u abhí prá gāyata (8 syllables)
- B. पुरुहूतं पुरुष्टुतं puruhūtám puruṣṭutám (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रं गीर्भिः तविषं आ विविषत índram gīrbhíḥ taviṣám ā́ vivāsata (12 syllables)
तम (tám)
him
उ (u)
indeed
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्र (prá)
forth
गायत (gāyata)
sing
पुरुहूतं (puruhūtám)
called by many
पुरुष्टुतं (puruṣṭutám)
praised by many
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
गीर्भिः (gīrbhíḥ)
with songs
तविषं (taviṣám)
powerful
आ (ā́)
up
विविषत (vivāsata)
invite
Stanza 8.15.2
यस्य॑ द्वि॒बर्ह॑सो बृ॒हत्सहो॑ दा॒धार॒ रोद॑सी | गि॒रीँरज्राँ॑ अ॒पः स्व॑र्वृषत्व॒ना ||
yásya dvibárhaso br̥hát sáho dādhā́ra ródasī girī́m̐r ájrām̐ apáḥ svàr vr̥ṣatvanā́
Whose great strength, doubly powerful, has upheld the sky and earth, mountains and plains, waters and the sun-world with manly vigor.
This stanza describes Indra's immense power and cosmic significance. It states that his great strength, which is doubly potent, supports the heavens, the earth, the mountains, the plains, the waters, and the light of the sun. This portrays Indra as the sustainer of the entire universe.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. यस्य द्विर्बर्हसः बृहत yásya dvibárhasaḥ br̥hát (8 syllables)
- B. सहः दधार रोदसी sáhaḥ dādhā́ra ródasī (8 syllables)
- C. गिरीँ अज्राँ अपः स्वर् वृषत्वना girī́n ájrān apáḥ svàr vr̥ṣatvanā́ (12 syllables)
यस्य (yásya)
whose
द्विर्बर्हसः (dvibárhasaḥ)
doubly powerful
बृहत (br̥hát)
great
सहः (sáhaḥ)
strength
दधार (dādhā́ra)
has upheld
रोदसी (ródasī)
sky and earth
गिरीँ (girī́n)
mountains
अज्राँ (ájrān)
plains
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
स्वर् (svàr)
sun-world
वृषत्वना (vr̥ṣatvanā́)
with manly vigor
Stanza 8.15.3
स रा॑जसि पुरुष्टुतँ॒ एको॑ वृ॒त्राणि॑ जिघ्नसे | इन्द्र॒ जैत्रा॑ श्रव॒स्या॑ च॒ यन्त॑वे ||
sá rājasi puruṣṭutam̐ éko vr̥trā́ṇi jighnase índra jaítrā śravasyāā̀ ca yántave
You reign supreme, highly praised one, you alone slay the Vritras! Indra, for victory and fame, you go forth.
This verse addresses Indra directly, praising his unique and solitary rule. It asserts that he alone is king and that he alone slays the Vritras (demons of drought and obstruction). The verse emphasizes that Indra's actions are for the purpose of acquiring victories and renown, highlighting his role as a triumphant warrior.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. स राजसि पुरुष्टुत sá rājasi puruṣṭuta (8 syllables)
- B. एकः वृत्राणि जिघ्नसे ékaḥ vr̥trā́ṇi jighnase (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्र जैत्रा श्रवस्या च यन्तवे índra jaítrā śravasyā̀ ca yántave (12 syllables)
स (sá)
you
राजसि (rājasi)
reign
पुरुष्टुत (puruṣṭuta)
highly praised one
एकः (ékaḥ)
alone
वृत्राणि (vr̥trā́ṇi)
Vritras
जिघ्नसे (jighnase)
slay
इन्द्र (índra)
Indra
जैत्रा (jaítrā)
for victory
श्रवस्या (śravasyā̀)
for fame
च (ca)
and
यन्तवे (yántave)
to go forth
Stanza 8.15.4
तं ते॒ मदं॑ गृणीमसि॒ वृष॑णं पृ॒त्सु सा॑स॒हिम् | उ॒ लो॒क॒कृ॒त्नुम॑द्रिवो हरि॒श्रिय॑म् ||
táṁ te mádaṁ gr̥ṇīmasi vŕ̥ṣaṇam pr̥tsú sāsahím ulokakr̥tnúm adrivo hariśríyam
We sing for you this Soma-joy, O thunderer, the victorious and conquering one in battles, the one who creates space and shines like gold.
The poet acknowledges Indra's exhilarating power, particularly his Soma-induced exhilaration that helps him conquer in battles. The verse also highlights Indra's ability to create space and his shining, golden splendor, emphasizing his divine radiance and capacity to grant prosperity.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तं ते मदं गृणीमसि tám te mádam gr̥ṇīmasi (8 syllables)
- B. वृषणं पृत्सु सासह vŕ̥ṣaṇam pr̥tsú sāsahím (8 syllables)
- C. उलोककृत्नुं अद्रिवः हरिश्रियं ulokakr̥tnúm adrivaḥ hariśríyam (12 syllables)
तं (tám)
this
ते (te)
your
मदं (mádam)
Soma-joy
गृणीमसि (gr̥ṇīmasi)
we sing
वृषणं (vŕ̥ṣaṇam)
vigorous
पृत्सु (pr̥tsú)
in battles
सासह (sāsahím)
conquering
उलोककृत्नुं (ulokakr̥tnúm)
creating space
अद्रिवः (adrivaḥ)
O thunderer
हरिश्रियं (hariśríyam)
shining like gold
Stanza 8.15.5
येन॒ ज्योतीं॑ष्या॒यवे॒ मन॑वे च वि॒वेदि॑थ | म॒न्दा॒नो अ॒स्य ब॒र्हिषो॒ वि रा॑जसि ||
yéna jyótīṁṣy āyáve mánave ca vivéditha mandānó asyá barhíṣo ví rājasi
By which, as you rejoice, you discovered lights for Ayus and for Manu; you reign over this sacred grass.
The poet acknowledges Indra's divine insight and power, referring to the time he discovered celestial lights for the benefit of humanity (Ayus and Manu). The verse concludes by stating that Indra, in his joy, now reigns supreme over the sacred altar (barhis), implying his continued divine presence and dominion.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. येन ज्योतींषि आयवे yéna jyótīṃṣi āyáve (8 syllables)
- B. मनवे च विवेदिथ mánave ca vivéditha (8 syllables)
- C. मन्दानाः अस्य बर्हिषः वि राजसि mandānáḥ asyá barhíṣaḥ ví rājasi (12 syllables)
येन (yéna)
by which
ज्योतींषि (jyótīṃṣi)
lights
आयवे (āyáve)
for Ayus
मनवे (mánave)
for Manu
च (ca)
and
विवेदिथ (vivéditha)
you discovered
मन्दानाः (mandānáḥ)
rejoicing
अस्य (asyá)
this
बर्हिषः (barhíṣaḥ)
sacred grass
वि (ví)
apart
राजसि (rājasi)
you reign
Stanza 8.15.6
तद॒द्या चि॑त्त उ॒क्थिनोऽनु॑ ष्टुवन्ति पू॒र्वथा॑ | वृष॑पत्नीर॒पो ज॑या दि॒वेदि॑वे ||
tád adyā́ cit ta ukthínó 'nu ṣṭuvanti pūrváthā vŕ̥ṣapatnīr apó jayā divé-dive
Even today, the hymn-singers praise your power as before; O Indra, conquer the waters day by day.
This verse states that even today, the hymn-singers praise Indra's power in the traditional way. It is a call to action for Indra to conquer the waters (symbolizing obstacles or drought) and to achieve success daily. The mention of 'Vrishapatni' (mistresses of the strong) might refer to the waters themselves or to female deities associated with them.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तत् चिद ते उक्थिनः tát adyá + cit te ukthínaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अनु स्टुवन्ति पूर्वथा ánu stuvanti pūrváthā (8 syllables)
- C. वृषपत्नीः अपः जय दिवे-दिवे vŕ̥ṣapatnīḥ apáḥ jaya + divé-dive (12 syllables)
तत् (tát)
that
(adyá +)
चिद (cit)
indeed
ते (te)
your
उक्थिनः (ukthínaḥ)
hymn-singers
अनु (ánu)
according to
स्टुवन्ति (stuvanti)
praise
पूर्वथा (pūrváthā)
as before
वृषपत्नीः (vŕ̥ṣapatnīḥ)
mistresses of the strong
अपः (apáḥ)
waters
जय (jaya +)
conquer
दिवे-दिवे (divé-dive)
day by day
Stanza 8.15.7
तव॒ त्यदि॑न्द्रि॒यं बृ॒हत्तव॒ शुष्म॑मु॒त क्रतु॑म् | वज्रं॑ शिशाति धि॒षणा॒ वरे॑ण्यम् ||
táva tyád indriyám br̥hát táva śúṣmam utá krátum vájraṁ śiśāti dhiṣáṇā váreṇyam
Your vast divine power, your strength and your intellect, O Indra, the wisdom sharpens your desired thunderbolt.
This stanza extols Indra's divine attributes: his strength ('Indriyám'), his power ('śuṣmam'), and his intellect ('kratum'). It highlights his thunderbolt ('vajram') as something desired and sharpened by wisdom ('dhiṣaṇā'). This portrays Indra as a complete deity with formidable physical and mental prowess.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तव त्यत इन्द्रियं बृहत táva tyát indriyám br̥hát (8 syllables)
- B. तव शुष्मं उत क्रतुं táva śúṣmam utá krátum (8 syllables)
- C. वज्रं शिशाति धिषणा वरेण्यं vájram śiśāti dhiṣáṇā váreṇyam (12 syllables)
तव (táva)
your
त्यत (tyát)
that
इन्द्रियं (indriyám)
divine power
बृहत (br̥hát)
vast
तव (táva)
your
शुष्मं (śúṣmam)
strength
उत (utá)
and
क्रतुं (krátum)
intellect
वज्रं (vájram)
thunderbolt
शिशाति (śiśāti)
sharpens
धिषणा (dhiṣáṇā)
wisdom
वरेण्यं (váreṇyam)
desired
Stanza 8.15.8
तव॒ द्यौरि॑न्द्र॒ पौंस्यं॑ पृथि॒वी व॑र्धति॒ श्रवः॑ | त्वामापः॒ पर्व॑तासश्च हिन्विरे ||
táva dyaúr indra paúṁsyam pr̥thivī́ vardhati śrávaḥ tvā́m ā́paḥ párvatāsaś ca hinvire
Your manly power and fame grow, O Indra; the waters and the mountains urge you on.
This verse highlights Indra's supreme status as the cosmic ruler. It states that Heaven and Earth increase his manly power and fame. Furthermore, the waters and mountains are described as stimulating or urging him on, indicating that even the natural elements acknowledge and support Indra's might and authority.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. तव द्यौः इन्द्र पौंस्यं táva dyaúḥ indra paúṃsyam (8 syllables)
- B. पृथ्वी वर्धति श्रवः pr̥thivī́ vardhati śrávaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. त्वाम आपः पर्वतासः च हिन्विरे tvā́m ā́paḥ párvatāsaḥ ca hinvire (12 syllables)
तव (táva)
your
द्यौः (dyaúḥ)
heaven
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
पौंस्यं (paúṃsyam)
manly power
पृथ्वी (pr̥thivī́)
earth
वर्धति (vardhati)
grows
श्रवः (śrávaḥ)
fame
त्वाम (tvā́m)
you
आपः (ā́paḥ)
waters
पर्वतासः (párvatāsaḥ)
mountains
च (ca)
and
हिन्विरे (hinvire)
urge on
Stanza 8.15.9
त्वां विष्णु॑र्बृ॒हन्क्षयो॑ मि॒त्रो गृ॑णाति॒ वरु॑णः | त्वां शर्धो॑ मद॒त्यनु॒ मारु॑तम् ||
tvā́ṁ víṣṇur br̥hán kṣáyo mitró gr̥ṇāti váruṇaḥ tvā́ṁ śárdho madaty ánu mā́rutam
Vishnu, Mitra, and Varuna praise you, O Indra; the Marut company rejoices in you.
This verse emphasizes Indra's supreme importance by listing other prominent deities who praise him. Vishnu, Mitra, and Varuna are mentioned as singers of Indra's glory. Additionally, the powerful Maruts (storm gods) are said to rejoice in Indra, signifying his central and dominant role among the gods.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. त्वां विष्णुः बृहन् क्षयः tvā́m víṣṇuḥ br̥hán kṣáyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. मित्रः गृणाति वरुणः mitráḥ gr̥ṇāti váruṇaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. त्वां शर्धः मदति अनु मारुतं tvā́m śárdhaḥ madati ánu mā́rutam (12 syllables)
त्वां (tvā́m)
you
विष्णुः (víṣṇuḥ)
Vishnu
बृहन् (br̥hán)
great
क्षयः (kṣáyaḥ)
ruler
मित्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra
गृणाति (gr̥ṇāti)
praises
वरुणः (váruṇaḥ)
Varuna
त्वां (tvā́m)
you
शर्धः (śárdhaḥ)
company
मदति (madati)
rejoices
अनु (ánu)
along with
मारुतं (mā́rutam)
Maruts
Stanza 8.15.10
त्वं वृषा॒ जना॑नां॒ मंहि॑ष्ठ इन्द्र जज्ञिषे | स॒त्रा विश्वा॑ स्वप॒त्यानि॑ दधिषे ||
tváṁ vŕ̥ṣā jánānām máṁhiṣṭha indra jajñiṣe satrā́ víśvā svapatyā́ni dadhiṣe
You were born the most liberal ruler of men, Indra; you possess all good deeds.
This verse extols Indra as the most generous and powerful being among men, who was born to be their protector and provider. It highlights his continuous actions of bestowing prosperity and success ('svapatyani') upon them. This emphasizes Indra's role as a benevolent king and giver.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. त्वं वृषा जनानां tvám vŕ̥ṣā jánānām (8 syllables)
- B. मंहिष्ठः इन्द्र जज्ञिषे máṃhiṣṭhaḥ indra jajñiṣe (8 syllables)
- C. सत्रा विश्वा स्वपत्यानि दधिषे satrā́ víśvā svapatyā́ni dadhiṣe (12 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
ruler
जनानां (jánānām)
of men
मंहिष्ठः (máṃhiṣṭhaḥ)
most liberal
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
जज्ञिषे (jajñiṣe)
were born
सत्रा (satrā́)
always
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
स्वपत्यानि (svapatyā́ni)
good deeds
दधिषे (dadhiṣe)
possess
Stanza 8.15.11
स॒त्रा त्वं पु॑रुष्टुतँ॒ एको॑ वृ॒त्राणि॑ तोशसे | नान्य इन्द्रा॒त्कर॑णं॒ भूय॑ इन्वति ||
satrā́ tvám puruṣṭutam̐ éko vr̥trā́ṇi tośase nā́nyá índrāt káraṇam bhū́ya invati
You alone, highly praised one, continually subdue the Vritras; no one else but Indra achieves greater deeds.
This verse reiterates Indra's unique power and prowess. It states that he alone, the highly praised one, continually conquers the Vritras. The verse explicitly denies that any other being, besides Indra, can accomplish such mighty deeds, reinforcing his unparalleled position as a warrior god.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. सत्रा त्वं पुरुष्टुत satrā́ tvám puruṣṭuta (8 syllables)
- B. एकः वृत्राणि तोशसे ékaḥ vr̥trā́ṇi tośase (8 syllables)
- C. न अन्यः इन्द्रात करणं भूयः इन्वति ná anyáḥ índrāt káraṇam bhū́yaḥ invati (12 syllables)
सत्रा (satrā́)
continually
त्वं (tvám)
you
पुरुष्टुत (puruṣṭuta)
highly praised one
एकः (ékaḥ)
alone
वृत्राणि (vr̥trā́ṇi)
Vritras
तोशसे (tośase)
subdue
न (ná)
not
अन्यः (anyáḥ)
another
इन्द्रात (índrāt)
than Indra
करणं (káraṇam)
deed
भूयः (bhū́yaḥ)
greater
इन्वति (invati)
achieves
Stanza 8.15.12
यदि॑न्द्र मन्म॒शस्त्वा॒ नाना॒ हव॑न्त ऊ॒तये॑ | अ॒स्माके॑भि॒र्नृभि॒रत्रा॒ स्व॑र्जय ||
yád indra manmaśás tvā nā́nā hávanta ūtáye asmā́kebhir nŕ̥bhir átrā svàr jaya
Though men call upon you, Indra, in various hymns for help, still, with our heroes, win the heavenly light.
This verse addresses Indra, acknowledging that people invoke him for help in various ways and with different praises. Despite this diverse invocation, the poet urges Indra to fight alongside their heroes and win the heavenly light. This shows Indra as a divine ally in human endeavors for prosperity and spiritual illumination.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. यदि इन्द्र मन्मशस त्वा yát indra manmaśás tvā (8 syllables)
- B. नाना हवन्ते ऊतये nā́nā hávante ūtáye (8 syllables)
- C. अस्माकेभिः नृभिः स्वर् जय asmā́kebhiḥ nŕ̥bhiḥ átra + svàr jaya (12 syllables)
यदि (yát)
though
इन्द्र (indra)
Indra
मन्मशस (manmaśás)
praises
त्वा (tvā)
you
नाना (nā́nā)
various
हवन्ते (hávante)
call upon
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for help
अस्माकेभिः (asmā́kebhiḥ)
our
नृभिः (nŕ̥bhiḥ)
heroes
(átra +)
स्वर् (svàr)
heavenly light
जय (jaya)
win
Stanza 8.15.13
अरं॒ क्षया॑य नो म॒हे विश्वा॑ रू॒पाण्या॑वि॒शन् | इन्द्रं॒ जैत्रा॑य हर्षया॒ शची॒पति॑म् ||
áraṁ kṣáyāya no mahé víśvā rūpā́ṇy āviśán índraṁ jaítrāya harṣayā śácīpátim
Already your forms have entered our dwelling for great prosperity; invigorate Indra, the Lord of Might, for victory.
The verse expresses that Indra's presence has already entered the homes of the worshippers, signifying divine favor and a desire for his continued companionship. It is a plea for Indra, the Lord of Might, to be invigorated for victory and to bring prosperity, highlighting his role as a leader and bestower of success.
Meter: Ushnih
- A. अरं क्षयाय नः महे áram kṣáyāya naḥ mahé (8 syllables)
- B. विश्वा रूपाणि आविशन् víśvā rūpā́ṇi āviśán (8 syllables)
- C. इन्द्रं जैत्रा हर्षय शचीपतिं índram jaítrāya harṣaya + śácīpátim (12 syllables)
अरं (áram)
already
क्षयाय (kṣáyāya)
for prosperity
नः (naḥ)
our
महे (mahé)
great
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
रूपाणि (rūpā́ṇi)
forms
आविशन् (āviśán)
entered
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
जैत्रा (jaítrāya)
for victory
हर्षय (harṣaya +)
invigorate
शचीपतिं (śácīpátim)
Lord of Might