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Stanza 8.11.1
त्वम॑ग्ने व्रत॒पा अ॑सि दे॒व आ मर्त्ये॒ष्वा | त्वं य॒ज्ञेष्वीड्यः॑ ||
tvám agne vratapā́ asi devá ā́ mártyeṣv ā́ tváṁ yajñéṣv ī́ḍyaḥ
You, O Agni, are the guardian of vows, a god among mortals. You are to be adored in sacrifices.
This verse addresses Agni, highlighting his divine nature and his role as the protector of sacred vows and rituals. It emphasizes that Agni, though a god, is present among mortals and is worthy of worship in all sacrifices. The stanza establishes Agni's importance and his connection to human devotion.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वम् अग्ने व्रतपाः असि tvám agne vratapā́ḥ asi (8 syllables)
- B. देवः आ मर्त्येषु आ deváḥ ā́ mártyeṣu ā́ (8 syllables)
- C. त्वम् यज्ञेषु ईड्यः tvám yajñéṣu ī́ḍyaḥ (8 syllables)
त्वम् (tvám)
you
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
व्रतपाः (vratapā́ḥ)
guardian of vows
असि (asi)
are
देवः (deváḥ)
god
आ (ā́)
in
मर्त्येषु (mártyeṣu)
mortals
आ (ā́)
in
त्वम् (tvám)
you
यज्ञेषु (yajñéṣu)
sacrifices
ईड्यः (ī́ḍyaḥ)
worthy of adoration
Stanza 8.11.2
त्वम॑सि प्र॒शस्यो॑ वि॒दथे॑षु सहन्त्य | अग्ने॑ र॒थीर॑ध्व॒राणा॑म् ||
tvám asi praśásyo vidátheṣu sahantya ágne rathī́r adhvarā́ṇām
You, O mighty Agni, are worthy of praise in assemblies. You are the leader of the sacrifices.
This verse continues to praise Agni, calling him 'Sahantya' (the mighty or victorious one). It states that Agni is to be celebrated in gatherings and is the chariot-rider of the sacrifices, implying he leads and directs the ritualistic proceedings and carries offerings to the gods.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वम् असि प्रशस्यो tvám asi praśásyaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. विदथे सहन्त्य vidátheṣu sahantya (8 syllables)
- C. अग्ने रथीः अध्वराणाम् ágne rathī́ḥ adhvarā́ṇām (8 syllables)
त्वम् (tvám)
you
असि (asi)
are
प्रशस्यो (praśásyaḥ)
worthy of praise
विदथे (vidátheṣu)
assemblies
सहन्त्य (sahantya)
O mighty one
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
रथीः (rathī́ḥ)
chariot-rider/leader
अध्वराणाम् (adhvarā́ṇām)
of the sacrifices
Stanza 8.11.3
स त्वम॒स्मदप॒ द्विषो॑ युयो॒धि जा॑तवेदः | अदे॑वीरग्ने॒ अरा॑तीः ||
sá tvám asmád ápa dvíṣo yuyodhí jātavedaḥ ádevīr agne árātīḥ
O Jatavedas Agni, you, with us, drive away the hateful ones and the ungenerous ones far from us.
Here, the worshipper directly addresses Agni, identified as 'Jatavedas' (one who knows all that is born). The verse is a plea for Agni to repel enemies and adverse forces ('Aratis' - non-giving or ill-disposed ones). It asks Agni to remove these hostile elements far from the devotees.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. स त्वम् अस्मत् अप द्विषः sá tvám asmát ápa dvíṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. युयोधि जातवेदः yuyodhí jātavedaḥ (7 syllables)
- C. अदेवीः अग्ने अरातीः ádevīḥ agne árātīḥ (8 syllables)
स (sá)
that
त्वम् (tvám)
you
अस्मत् (asmát)
from us
अप (ápa)
away
द्विषः (dvíṣaḥ)
hateful ones/foes
युयोधि (yuyodhí)
drive away
जातवेदः (jātavedaḥ)
O Jatavedas
अदेवीः (ádevīḥ)
ungenerous/hostile ones
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
अरातीः (árātīḥ)
non-givers/hostile ones
Stanza 8.11.4
अन्ति॑ चि॒त्सन्त॒मह॑ य॒ज्ञं मर्त॑स्य रि॒पोः | नोप॑ वेषि जातवेदः ||
ánti cit sántam áha yajñám mártasya ripóḥ nópa veṣi jātavedaḥ
O Jatavedas, you do not approach the worship of a man, even if he is near, if he is hostile.
This verse continues the address to Jatavedas Agni. It states that Agni does not seek out or approach the sacrificial worship of a hostile man, even if that man's offering is nearby. This emphasizes Agni's discerning nature and his preference for sincere devotion over forced or reluctant offerings.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. अन्ति चि सन्तम् अह ánti cit sántam áha (7 syllables)
- B. यज्ञं मर्तस्य रिपोः yajñám mártasya ripóḥ (7 syllables)
- C. नोप उप वेषि जातवेदः ná úpa veṣi jātavedaḥ (8 syllables)
अन्ति (ánti)
near
चि (cit)
even
सन्तम् (sántam)
being
अह (áha)
indeed
यज्ञं (yajñám)
worship/sacrifice
मर्तस्य (mártasya)
of a man
रिपोः (ripóḥ)
hostile
नोप (ná)
not
उप (úpa)
near/to
वेषि (veṣi)
you seek/approach
जातवेदः (jātavedaḥ)
O Jatavedas
Stanza 8.11.5
मर्ता॒ अम॑र्त्यस्य ते॒ भूरि॒ नाम॑ मनामहे | विप्रा॑सो जा॒तवे॑दसः ||
mártā ámartyasya te bhū́ri nā́ma manāmahe víprāso jātávedasaḥ
We mortals, sages, understand the many names of the immortal Jatavedas.
The sages, acknowledging their mortal nature, declare that they understand and honor the many names and the powerful presence of the immortal Agni, known as Jatavedas. They recognize his divine essence and the significance of his name.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. मर्ता अमर्त्यस्य ते mártāḥ ámartyasya te (8 syllables)
- B. भूरि नाम मनामहे bhū́ri nā́ma manāmahe (8 syllables)
- C. विप्रासो जातवेदसः víprāsaḥ jātávedasaḥ (8 syllables)
मर्ता (mártāḥ)
mortals
अमर्त्यस्य (ámartyasya)
of the immortal
ते (te)
your
भूरि (bhū́ri)
many
नाम (nā́ma)
name
मनामहे (manāmahe)
we understand/ponder
विप्रासो (víprāsaḥ)
sages/seers
जातवेदसः (jātávedasaḥ)
of Jatavedas
Stanza 8.11.6
विप्रं॒ विप्रा॒सोऽव॑से दे॒वं मर्ता॑स ऊ॒तये॑ | अ॒ग्निं गी॒र्भिर्ह॑वामहे ||
vípraṁ víprāsó 'vase devám mártāsa ūtáye agníṁ gīrbhír havāmahe
We sages call the wise one for help; we mortals call the god for aid. We call Agni with our hymns.
The hymn invokes Agni, described as a wise one ('Vipra') and a god. Mortals call upon him for aid ('avas') and protection ('utaye'). They invoke Agni, the radiant one with rich gifts, through their hymns ('girbhih').
Meter: Gayatri
- A. विप्रं विप्रासः अवसे vípram víprāsaḥ ávase (8 syllables)
- B. देवं मर्तासः ऊतये devám mártāsaḥ ūtáye (8 syllables)
- C. अग्निम् गीर्भिः हवामहे agním gīrbhíḥ havāmahe (8 syllables)
विप्रं (vípram)
the wise one
विप्रासः (víprāsaḥ)
sages
अवसे (ávase)
for help/protection
देवं (devám)
the god
मर्तासः (mártāsaḥ)
mortals
ऊतये (ūtáye)
for aid
अग्निम् (agním)
Agni
गीर्भिः (gīrbhíḥ)
with hymns/songs
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call
Stanza 8.11.7
आ ते॑ व॒त्सो मनो॑ यमत्पर॒माच्चि॑त्स॒धस्था॑त् | अग्ने॒ त्वांका॑मया गि॒रा ||
ā́ te vatsó máno yamat paramā́c cit sadhásthāt ágne tvā́ṁkāmayā girā́
O Agni, may Vatsa draw your mind, even from your highest abode, with songs desiring you.
In this verse, the poet expresses a desire for Agni's attention to be drawn, even from his highest dwelling place, by the devotion of 'Vatsa' (a child or calf, often representing the worshipper). The hymn is offered with longing and yearning for Agni, with the intention of drawing him near.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. आ ते वत्सो मनो यमत् ā́ te vatsáḥ mánaḥ yamat (8 syllables)
- B. परमाच्चि च्चि सधस्थात् paramā́t cit sadhásthāt (8 syllables)
- C. अग्ने त्वांकामया गिरा ágne tvā́ṃkāmayā girā́ (8 syllables)
आ (ā́)
to
ते (te)
your
वत्सो (vatsáḥ)
Vatsa (the worshipper)
मनो (mánaḥ)
mind
यमत् (yamat)
may draw
परमाच्चि (paramā́t)
from the highest
च्चि (cit)
even
सधस्थात् (sadhásthāt)
from the abode
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
त्वांकामया (tvā́ṃkāmayā)
desiring you
गिरा (girā́)
with song
Stanza 8.11.8
पु॒रु॒त्रा हि स॒दृङ्ङसि॒ विशो॒ विश्वा॒ अनु॑ प्र॒भुः | स॒मत्सु॑ त्वा हवामहे ||
purutrā́ hí sadŕ̥ṅṅ ási víśo víśvā ánu prabhúḥ samátsu tvā havāmahe
You are the same in many places, the lord over all peoples. We call you in battles.
This verse describes Agni's omnipresence and his position as the lord of all peoples ('visah'). It states that Agni is the same in many places and is the sovereign power over all communities. In battles ('samatsu'), he is invoked for assistance.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. पुरुत्रा हि सदृङ् असि purutrā́ hí sadŕ̥ṅ ási (8 syllables)
- B. विशो विश्वा अनु प्रभुः víśaḥ víśvāḥ ánu prabhúḥ (8 syllables)
- C. समत्सु त्वा हवामहे samátsu tvā havāmahe (8 syllables)
पुरुत्रा (purutrā́)
in many places
हि (hí)
indeed
सदृङ् (sadŕ̥ṅ)
the same
असि (ási)
you are
विशो (víśaḥ)
peoples
विश्वा (víśvāḥ)
all
अनु (ánu)
over/following
प्रभुः (prabhúḥ)
lord/master
समत्सु (samátsu)
in battles
त्वा (tvā)
you
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call
Stanza 8.11.9
स॒मत्स्व॒ग्निमव॑से वाज॒यन्तो॑ हवामहे | वाजे॑षु चि॒त्ररा॑धसम् ||
samátsv agním ávase vājayánto havāmahe vā́jeṣu citrárādhasam
Seeking strength, we call Agni for help in battles, the one with wonderful wealth.
This verse describes the invocation of Agni during times of conflict and need. Those seeking strength ('vajayantah') call upon Agni in battles ('samatsu') for his help ('avase'). They invoke him as the bestower of abundant wealth and gifts, especially in times of struggle.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. समत्सु अग्निम् अवसे samátsu agním ávase (8 syllables)
- B. वाज extending हवामहे vājayántaḥ havāmahe (8 syllables)
- C. वाजेषु चित्ररा धसम् vā́jeṣu citrárādhasam (8 syllables)
समत्सु (samátsu)
in battles
अग्निम् (agním)
Agni
अवसे (ávase)
for help/protection
वाज extending (vājayántaḥ)
seeking strength/food
हवामहे (havāmahe)
we call
वाजेषु (vā́jeṣu)
in abundances/battles
चित्ररा धसम् (citrárādhasam)
possessing wonderful wealth
Stanza 8.11.10
प्र॒त्नो हि क॒मीड्यो॑ अध्व॒रेषु॑ स॒नाच्च॒ होता॒ नव्य॑श्च॒ सत्सि॑ | स्वां चा॑ग्ने त॒न्वं॑ पि॒प्रय॑स्वा॒स्मभ्यं॑ च॒ सौभ॑ग॒मा य॑जस्व ||
pratnó hí kam ī́ḍyo adhvaréṣu sanā́c ca hótā návyaś ca sátsi svā́ṁ cāgne tanvàm pipráyasvāsmábhyaṁ ca saúbhagam ā́ yajasva
O Agni, ancient and worthy of praise in rituals, eternal priest, you sit. Fill your own form, and by sacrifice, grant us prosperity.
The final verse addresses Agni as an ancient, praiseworthy, and eternal priest (Hota). He is invited to sit and is urged to fill and satisfy his own being, and then to bestow prosperity upon the worshippers. The verse concludes with a request for Agni to perform the sacrifice that brings good fortune.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्रत्नः हि क ईड्यः अध्वरेषु pratnáḥ hí kam ī́ḍyaḥ adhvaréṣu (11 syllables)
- B. सनाच्च च होता नव्यश्च च सत्सि sanā́t ca hótā návyaḥ ca sátsi (11 syllables)
- C. स्वां च अग्ने तन्वं पिप्रयस्वा svā́m ca agne tanvàm pipráyasva (11 syllables)
- D. अस्मभ्यं च सौभगम् आ यजस्व asmábhyam ca saúbhagam ā́ yajasva (11 syllables)
प्रत्नः (pratnáḥ)
ancient
हि (hí)
indeed
क (kam)
desirable
ईड्यः (ī́ḍyaḥ)
worthy of praise
अध्वरेषु (adhvaréṣu)
in sacrifices
सनाच्च (sanā́t)
from of old
च (ca)
and
होता (hótā)
priest
नव्यश्च (návyaḥ)
new/worthy of praise
च (ca)
and
सत्सि (sátsi)
you sit
स्वां (svā́m)
your own
च (ca)
and
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
तन्वं (tanvàm)
body/form
पिप्रयस्वा (pipráyasva)
fill/satisfy
अस्मभ्यं (asmábhyam)
to us
च (ca)
and
सौभगम् (saúbhagam)
prosperity/good fortune
आ (ā́)
towards
यजस्व (yajasva)
sacrifice/bestow