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Stanza 7.76.1
उदु॒ ज्योति॑र॒मृतं॑ वि॒श्वज॑न्यं वि॒श्वान॑रः सवि॒ता दे॒वो अ॑श्रेत् | क्रत्वा॑ दे॒वाना॑मजनिष्ट॒ चक्षु॑रा॒विर॑क॒र्भुव॑नं॒ विश्व॑मु॒षाः ||
úd u jyótir amŕ̥taṁ viśvájanyaṁ viśvā́naraḥ savitā́ devó aśret krátvā devā́nām ajaniṣṭa cákṣur āvír akar bhúvanaṁ víśvam uṣā́ḥ
The all-pervading Sun God, Savitr, has sent forth his immortal light, meant for all people. As the eye of the gods, this light was created. The dawn then makes the entire world visible.
The Sun God Savitr, who encompasses all humanity, has sent forth his immortal light for all beings. This divine light, like an eye, was created through the power of the gods. The dawn (Ushas) then makes the entire world visible and apparent.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उ उ ज्योतिः अमृतं विश्वजन्यं út u jyótiḥ amŕ̥tam viśvájanyam (11 syllables)
- B. विश्वा°नरः सविता देवः अश्रेत् viśvā́naraḥ savitā́ deváḥ aśret (11 syllables)
- C. क्रत्वा देवानां अजनिष्ट चक्षुः krátvā devā́nām ajaniṣṭa cákṣuḥ (11 syllables)
- D. आविः अक भुवनं विश्वं उषः āvís akar bhúvanam víśvam uṣā́ḥ (11 syllables)
उ (út)
upward
उ (u)
upward
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light
अमृतं (amŕ̥tam)
immortal
विश्वजन्यं (viśvájanyam)
for all people
विश्वा°नरः (viśvā́naraḥ)
all-pervading
सविता (savitā́)
Savitr (Sun God)
देवः (deváḥ)
god
अश्रेत् (aśret)
has reached, has attained
क्रत्वा (krátvā)
by power, by might
देवानां (devā́nām)
of the gods
अजनिष्ट (ajaniṣṭa)
was born, was created
चक्षुः (cákṣuḥ)
eye
आविः (āvís)
manifest, apparent
अक (akar)
made
भुवनं (bhúvanam)
world, universe
विश्वं (víśvam)
all
उषः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
Stanza 7.76.2
प्र मे॒ पन्था॑ देव॒याना॑ अदृश्र॒न्नम॑र्धन्तो॒ वसु॑भि॒रिष्कृ॑तासः | अभू॑दु के॒तुरु॒षसः॑ पु॒रस्ता॑त्प्रती॒च्यागा॒दधि॑ ह॒र्म्येभ्यः॑ ||
prá me pánthā devayā́nā adr̥śrann ámardhanto vásubhir íṣkr̥tāsaḥ ábhūd u ketúr uṣásaḥ purástāt pratīcy ā́gād ádhi harmyébhyaḥ
I see the paths of the gods, which are safe and prepared with treasures. The flag of the Dawn has risen in the east, and she has arrived above the houses.
The speaker perceives the paths traveled by the gods, which are safe and prepared by the Vasus (a class of deities). The banner of the dawn has been raised in the east, and she has arrived over the rooftops of houses.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र मे पन्थाः देवया°नाः अदृश्र° prá me pánthāḥ devayā́nāḥ adr̥śran (11 syllables)
- B. अ°धन्तः वसुभिः इष्कृ°तासः ámardhantaḥ vásubhiḥ íṣkr̥tāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अभूत् उ केतुः उषसः पुरस्तात् ábhūt u ketúḥ uṣásaḥ purástāt (11 syllables)
- D. प्रतीची° आ अगात् अधि हर्म्येभ्यः pratīcī́ ā́ agāt ádhi harmyébhyaḥ (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward, forth
मे (me)
to me
पन्थाः (pánthāḥ)
paths
देवया°नाः (devayā́nāḥ)
traveled by gods
अदृश्र° (adr̥śran)
were seen
अ°धन्तः (ámardhantaḥ)
unharmed, unimpeded
वसुभिः (vásubhiḥ)
by the Vasus (deities)
इष्कृ°तासः (íṣkr̥tāsaḥ)
prepared, made
अभूत् (ábhūt)
became
उ (u)
indeed, surely
केतुः (ketúḥ)
banner, flag, sign
उषसः (uṣásaḥ)
of the dawn
पुरस्तात् (purástāt)
in front, eastward
प्रतीची° (pratīcī́)
facing west, but here eastward
आ (ā́)
towards, to
अगात् (agāt)
has come
अधि (ádhi)
over, above
हर्म्येभ्यः (harmyébhyaḥ)
from the houses, over the houses
Stanza 7.76.3
तानीदहा॑नि बहु॒लान्या॑स॒न्या प्रा॒चीन॒मुदि॑ता॒ सूर्य॑स्य | यतः॒ परि॑ जा॒र इ॑वा॒चर॒न्त्युषो॑ ददृ॒क्षे न पुन॑र्य॒तीव॑ ||
tā́nī́d áhāni bahulā́ny āsan yā́ prācī́nam úditā sū́ryasya yátaḥ pári jārá ivācáranty úṣo dadr̥kṣé ná púnar yatī́va
Indeed, many dawns have existed before the sun rose. When the Dawn moves forth like a lover, she is seen and does not leave, just as if she were returning.
Many dawns have existed before the rising of the sun. The Dawn (Ushas) is described as moving around like a lover, and once she is seen, she does not depart, implying a perpetual cycle or relationship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तानि इत् अहानि बहु° आसन् tā́ni ít áhāni bahulā́ni āsan (11 syllables)
- B. या प्राचीनं उदिता सूर्यस्य yā́ prācī́nam úditā sū́ryasya (11 syllables)
- C. यतः परि जारः इव आचर° yátas pári jāráḥ iva ācárantī (11 syllables)
- D. उषः ददृक्षे न पुनः यती इव úṣaḥ dadr̥kṣé ná púnar yatī́ iva (11 syllables)
तानि (tā́ni)
those
इत् (ít)
indeed
अहानि (áhāni)
days
बहु° (bahulā́ni)
many, numerous
आसन् (āsan)
were
या (yā́)
which
प्राचीनं (prācī́nam)
eastern, preceding
उदिता (úditā)
at the rising
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the sun
यतः (yátas)
from which, since
परि (pári)
around
जारः (jāráḥ)
lover
इव (iva)
like, as
आचर° (ācárantī)
moving, proceeding
उषः (úṣaḥ)
O Dawn
ददृक्षे (dadr̥kṣé)
you were seen
न (ná)
not
पुनः (púnar)
again
यती (yatī́)
going
इव (iva)
like, as
Stanza 7.76.4
त इद्दे॒वानां॑ सध॒माद॑ आसन्नृ॒तावा॑नः क॒वयः॑ पू॒र्व्यासः॑ | गू॒ळ्हं ज्योतिः॑ पि॒तरो॒ अन्व॑विन्दन्त्स॒त्यम॑न्त्रा अजनयन्नु॒षास॑म् ||
tá íd devā́nāṁ sadhamā́da āsann r̥tā́vānaḥ kaváyaḥ pūrvyā́saḥ gūḷháṁ jyótiḥ pitáro ánv avindan satyámantrā ajanayann uṣā́sam
Those wise, ancient ones, who followed the cosmic order, were companions at the gods' feasts. The ancestors found the hidden light and, with true chants, created the Dawn.
These ancient sages, who upheld cosmic order (Rta) and were wise, were companions of the gods in their feasts. They discovered the hidden light and, through their effective words (hymns), brought forth the dawn.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ते इत् देवानां सध°दः आसन् té ít devā́nām sadhamā́daḥ āsan (11 syllables)
- B. ऋ°वानः कवयः पूर्व्या°सः r̥tā́vānaḥ kaváyaḥ pūrvyā́saḥ (11 syllables)
- C. गूढं ज्योतिः पितरः अनु अवि° gūḷhám jyótiḥ pitáraḥ ánu avindan (11 syllables)
- D. सत्य°त्राः अजनयन् उषसं satyámantrāḥ ajanayan uṣā́sam (11 syllables)
ते (té)
they
इत् (ít)
indeed
देवानां (devā́nām)
of the gods
सध°दः (sadhamā́daḥ)
feasting together
आसन् (āsan)
were
ऋ°वानः (r̥tā́vānaḥ)
observing cosmic order
कवयः (kaváyaḥ)
wise ones, poets
पूर्व्या°सः (pūrvyā́saḥ)
ancient, former
गूढं (gūḷhám)
hidden, concealed
ज्योतिः (jyótiḥ)
light
पितरः (pitáraḥ)
fathers, ancestors
अनु (ánu)
after, along
अवि° (avindan)
found, discovered
सत्य°त्राः (satyámantrāḥ)
whose prayers are true, with true chants
अजनयन् (ajanayan)
caused to be born, produced
उषसं (uṣā́sam)
the Dawn
Stanza 7.76.5
स॒मा॒न ऊ॒र्वे अधि॒ संग॑तासः॒ सं जा॑नते॒ न य॑तन्ते मि॒थस्ते | ते दे॒वानां॒ न मि॑नन्ति व्र॒तान्यम॑र्धन्तो॒ वसु॑भि॒र्याद॑मानाः ||
samāná ūrvé ádhi sáṁgatāsaḥ sáṁ jānate ná yatante mithás té té devā́nāṁ ná minanti vratā́ny ámardhanto vásubhir yā́damānāḥ
Gathered together in the same place, they are in agreement and do not strive against each other. They do not break the gods' vows and, with the Vasus, are never harmed.
These divine beings, gathered together in the same sacred space, are united in purpose and do not strive against each other. They never break the eternal laws of the gods and, inspired by the Vasus, do not cause harm.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स°ने ऊर्वे अधि संग°तासः samāné ūrvé ádhi sáṃgatāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- B. सं जानते न यतन्ते मिथः ते sám jānate ná yatante mithás té (11 syllables)
- C. ते देवानां न मिनन्ति व्र°तानि té devā́nām ná minanti vratā́ni (11 syllables)
- D. अ°धन्तः वसुभिः याद°मानाः ámardhantaḥ vásubhiḥ yā́damānāḥ (11 syllables)
स°ने (samāné)
in the same
ऊर्वे (ūrvé)
in the enclosure, space
अधि (ádhi)
in
संग°तासः (sáṃgatāsaḥ)
gathered together
सं (sám)
together
जानते (jānate)
they know, they understand
न (ná)
not
यतन्ते (yatante)
strive, endeavor
मिथः (mithás)
mutually, with each other
ते (té)
they
ते (té)
they
देवानां (devā́nām)
of the gods
न (ná)
not
मिनन्ति (minanti)
break, violate
व्र°तानि (vratā́ni)
vows, ordinances
अ°धन्तः (ámardhantaḥ)
unharmed, uninjured
वसुभिः (vásubhiḥ)
by the Vasus
याद°मानाः (yā́damānāḥ)
striving, contending
Stanza 7.76.6
प्रति॑ त्वा॒ स्तोमै॑रीळते॒ वसि॑ष्ठा उष॒र्बुधः॑ सुभगे तुष्टु॒वांसः॑ | गवां॑ ने॒त्री वाज॑पत्नी न उ॒च्छोषः॑ सुजाते प्रथ॒मा ज॑रस्व ||
práti tvā stómair īḷate vásiṣṭhā uṣarbúdhaḥ subhage tuṣṭuvā́ṁsaḥ gávāṁ netrī́ vā́japatnī na uchóṣaḥ sujāte prathamā́ jarasva
The Vasishṭhas, awake early, praise you, O blessed Dawn. Leader of cows and mistress of nourishment, shine brightly for us, O well-born one, appearing first.
The Vasishṭha sages, awakened early, praise and invoke the Dawn, the blessed goddess. They call her the leader of cows (wealth) and the mistress of nourishment, urging her to shine brightly and be the first to appear for them.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्रति त्वा स्तोमैः ईळते वसिष्ठाः práti tvā stómaiḥ īḷate vásiṣṭhāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. उषर्बुधः सुभगे तुष्टु°साः uṣarbúdhaḥ subhage tuṣṭuvā́ṃsaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. गवां नेत्री वाज°पत्नी नः उच्छ gávām netrī́ vā́japatnī naḥ ucha (11 syllables)
- D. उषः सुजाते प्रथ° जरस्व úṣaḥ sujāte prathamā́ jarasva (11 syllables)
प्रति (práti)
towards
त्वा (tvā)
you
स्तोमैः (stómaiḥ)
with praises
ईळते (īḷate)
praise, invoke
वसिष्ठाः (vásiṣṭhāḥ)
Vasishṭhas (a priestly family)
उषर्बुधः (uṣarbúdhaḥ)
awakened by dawn
सुभगे (subhage)
O blessed one
तुष्टु°साः (tuṣṭuvā́ṃsaḥ)
having praised
गवां (gávām)
of cows
नेत्री (netrī́)
leader
वाज°पत्नी (vā́japatnī)
mistress of nourishment
नः (naḥ)
to us
उच्छ (ucha)
shine
उषः (úṣaḥ)
O Dawn
सुजाते (sujāte)
O well-born one
प्रथ° (prathamā́)
first
जरस्व (jarasva)
shine, grow bright
Stanza 7.76.7
ए॒षा ने॒त्री राध॑सः सू॒नृता॑नामु॒षा उ॒च्छन्ती॑ रिभ्यते॒ वसि॑ष्ठैः | दी॒र्घ॒श्रुतं॑ र॒यिम॒स्मे दधा॑ना यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ||
eṣā́ netrī́ rā́dhasaḥ sūnŕ̥tānām uṣā́ uchántī ribhyate vásiṣṭhaiḥ dīrghaśrútaṁ rayím asmé dádhānā yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ
This Dawn, leading abundance and sweet songs, rises and is praised by the Vasishṭhas. Bestowing great wealth upon us, may you gods protect us always with blessings.
The Dawn, who leads forth abundance and pleasant sounds, is praised by the Vasishṭhas as she rises. She bestows upon us enduring wealth and fame. The poet then implores the gods to protect them always with blessings.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. एषा नेत्री राधसः सू°तानां eṣā́ netrī́ rā́dhasaḥ sūnŕ̥tānām (11 syllables)
- B. उषः उच्छ° रिभ्यते वसिष्ठैः uṣā́ḥ uchántī ribhyate vásiṣṭhaiḥ (11 syllables)
- C. दीर्घ°तं रयिं अस्मे दधाना dīrghaśrútam rayím asmé dádhānā (11 syllables)
- D. यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः yūyám pāta svastíbhiḥ sádā naḥ (11 syllables)
एषा (eṣā́)
this
नेत्री (netrī́)
leader
राधसः (rā́dhasaḥ)
of abundance, of wealth
सू°तानां (sūnŕ̥tānām)
of pleasant songs/speech
उषः (uṣā́ḥ)
Dawn
उच्छ° (uchántī)
rising, shining
रिभ्यते (ribhyate)
is praised
वसिष्ठैः (vásiṣṭhaiḥ)
by the Vasishṭhas
दीर्घ°तं (dīrghaśrútam)
famous for long hearing, enduring fame
रयिं (rayím)
wealth
अस्मे (asmé)
to us
दधाना (dádhānā)
placing, bestowing
यूयं (yūyám)
you (plural)
पात (pāta)
protect
स्वस्तिभिः (svastíbhiḥ)
with blessings, with well-being
सदा (sádā)
always
नः (naḥ)
us