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Stanza 7.31.1
प्र व॒ इन्द्रा॑य॒ माद॑नं॒ हर्य॑श्वाय गायत | सखा॑यः सोम॒पाव्ने॑ ||
prá va índrāya mā́danaṁ háryaśvāya gāyata sákhāyaḥ somapā́vne
O friends, sing a joyous song for Indra, the lord of swift horses, the drinker of Soma, your companion.
The rishis (sages) are instructed to sing a joyous song to Indra, the powerful god with swift horses, who is a great drinker of Soma, their friend. This song is meant to please him.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. प्र वः इन्द्रा॑य माद॑नं prá vaḥ índrāya mā́danam (8 syllables)
- B. हर्य॑श्वाय गायत háryaśvāya gāyata (8 syllables)
- C. सखा॑यः सोम॒पाव्ने॑ sákhāyaḥ somapā́vne (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
वः (vaḥ)
to you
इन्द्रा॑य (índrāya)
to Indra
माद॑नं (mā́danam)
gladdening, joy
हर्य॑श्वाय (háryaśvāya)
to him of the tawny horses
गायत (gāyata)
sing
सखा॑यः (sákhāyaḥ)
O friends
सोम॒पाव्ने॑ (somapā́vne)
to the Soma-drinker
Stanza 7.31.2
शंसेदु॒क्थं सु॒दान॑व उ॒त द्यु॒क्षं यथा॒ नरः॑ | च॒कृ॒मा स॒त्यरा॑धसे ||
śáṁséd uktháṁ sudā́nava utá dyukṣáṁ yáthā náraḥ cakr̥mā́ satyárādhase
Recite the hymn and glorify the bounteous giver of true gifts, as men do.
The rishis are urged to recite the laudatory hymn and glorify Indra, the generous giver of true riches, just as men are capable of doing, so that he may be pleased.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. शंसे दु क्थं सु॒दा॑नव śáṃsa ít ukthám sudā́nave (8 syllables)
- B. उ॒त द्यु॒क्षं यथा नरः॑ utá dyukṣám yáthā náraḥ (8 syllables)
- C. स॒त्यरा॑धसे cakr̥má + satyárādhase (8 syllables)
शंसे (śáṃsa)
recite, proclaim
दु (ít)
indeed
क्थं (ukthám)
the hymn, the speech
सु॒दा॑नव (sudā́nave)
to the very generous one
उ॒त (utá)
and also
द्यु॒क्षं (dyukṣám)
splendid, glorious
यथा (yáthā)
as
नरः॑ (náraḥ)
men
(cakr̥má +)
स॒त्यरा॑धसे (satyárādhase)
to the giver of true gifts
Stanza 7.31.3
त्वं न॑ इन्द्र वाज॒युस्त्वं ग॒व्युः श॑तक्रतो | त्वं हि॑रण्य॒युर्व॑सो ||
tváṁ na indra vājayús tváṁ gavyúḥ śatakrato tváṁ hiraṇyayúr vaso
Indra, you are for us the seeker of food, you are the seeker of cattle, O hundred-powered one, you indeed are the seeker of gold, O Vaso.
Indra is addressed directly, being praised for his ability to procure wealth for the devotees. He is described as one who obtains sustenance (food), cattle, and gold for them, indicating his role as a protector and provider.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वं नः इन्द्र वाज॒युः tvám naḥ indra vājayúḥ (8 syllables)
- B. त्वं ग॒व्युः श॑तक्रतो tvám gavyúḥ śatakrato (8 syllables)
- C. त्वं हिरण्य॒युः वसो tvám hiraṇyayúḥ vaso (8 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
नः (naḥ)
for us
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
वाज॒युः (vājayúḥ)
seeker of sustenance/food
त्वं (tvám)
you
ग॒व्युः (gavyúḥ)
seeker of cows
श॑तक्रतो (śatakrato)
O hundred-powered one
त्वं (tvám)
you
हिरण्य॒युः (hiraṇyayúḥ)
seeker of gold
वसो (vaso)
O Vaso (possessor of wealth)
Stanza 7.31.4
व॒यमि॑न्द्र त्वा॒यवो॒ऽभि प्र णो॑नुमो वृषन् | वि॒द्धी त्व१॒॑स्य नो॑ वसो ||
vayám indra tvāyávo 'bhí prá ṇonumo vr̥ṣan viddhī́ tv àsyá no vaso
O Indra, we who are eager for you, loudly praise you, O powerful one; understand, O Vaso, this of ours.
The rishis express their devotion to Indra, stating they are eager to follow him and are singing praises. They ask Indra to understand and acknowledge their sincere worship and effort.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. व॒यमि॑ इन्द्र त्वा॒यवोः vayám indra tvāyávaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. अभि प्र णो॑नुमो वृषन् abhí prá nonumaḥ vr̥ṣan (8 syllables)
- C. त्व१॒ स्य नोः वसो viddhí + tú asyá naḥ vaso (8 syllables)
व॒यमि॑ (vayám)
we
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
त्वा॒यवोः (tvāyávaḥ)
eager for you
अभि (abhí)
towards
प्र (prá)
forward
णो॑नुमो (nonumaḥ)
we praise
वृषन् (vr̥ṣan)
O strong one
(viddhí +)
त्व१॒ (tú)
indeed
स्य (asyá)
of this
नोः (naḥ)
of us
वसो (vaso)
O Vaso (possessor of wealth)
Stanza 7.31.5
मा नो॑ नि॒दे च॒ वक्त॑वे॒ऽर्यो र॑न्धी॒ररा॑व्णे | त्वे अपि॒ क्रतु॒र्मम॑ ||
mā́ no nidé ca váktave 'ryó randhīr árāvṇe tvé ápi krátur máma
Do not let us be subject to reproach or to the enemy's harmful words, O Vaso; in you alone is our strength.
The rishis implore Indra not to abandon them to be spoken against by 'aryas' (possibly meaning non-Aryans or those who are not pious) or to be harmed by enemies. They affirm that their strength and refuge lie solely in him.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. मा नः नि॒दे च वक्त॑वे mā́ naḥ nidé ca váktave (8 syllables)
- B. अर्योः रन्धीः रा॑व्णे aryáḥ randhīḥ árāvṇe (8 syllables)
- C. त्वे अपि क्रतुः मम॑ tvé ápi krátuḥ máma (8 syllables)
मा (mā́)
do not
नः (naḥ)
us
नि॒दे (nidé)
to reproach
च (ca)
and
वक्त॑वे (váktave)
to speak
अर्योः (aryáḥ)
of the non-pious/enemy
रन्धीः (randhīḥ)
may submit, may yield
रा॑व्णे (árāvṇe)
to the hostile
त्वे (tvé)
in you
अपि (ápi)
indeed
क्रतुः (krátuḥ)
strength, power
मम॑ (máma)
my, mine
Stanza 7.31.6
त्वं वर्मा॑सि स॒प्रथः॑ पुरोयो॒धश्च॑ वृत्रहन् | त्वया॒ प्रति॑ ब्रुवे यु॒जा ||
tváṁ vármāsi sapráthaḥ puroyodháś ca vr̥trahan tváyā práti bruve yujā́
You are our armor, O Vr̥tra-slayer, and the foremost warrior; with you as ally, we speak and advance.
Indra is depicted as a divine protector, acting as armor and a forward-leading warrior for his devotees. The rishis express their intent to speak and act in conjunction with him, relying on his support in battles.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. त्वं वर्मा सि स॒प्रथः॑ tvám várma asi sapráthaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. पुरोयो॒धः च वृत्रहन् puroyodháḥ ca vr̥trahan (8 syllables)
- C. त्वया प्रति ब्रुवे यु॒जा tváyā práti bruve yujā́ (8 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
वर्मा (várma)
armor
सि (asi)
are
स॒प्रथः॑ (sapráthaḥ)
extensive, ample
पुरोयो॒धः (puroyodháḥ)
forward-leading warrior
च (ca)
and
वृत्रहन् (vr̥trahan)
O killer of Vr̥tra
त्वया (tváyā)
by you, with you
प्रति (práti)
forward, against
ब्रुवे (bruve)
I speak
यु॒जा (yujā́)
with the ally
Stanza 7.31.7
म॒हाँ उ॒तासि॒ यस्य॒ तेऽनु॑ स्व॒धाव॑री॒ सहः॑ | म॒म्नाते॑ इन्द्र॒ रोद॑सी ||
mahā́m̐ utā́si yásya té 'nu svadhā́varī sáhaḥ mamnā́te indra ródasī
You are indeed great, whose strength is celebrated; both the heaven and the earth bow down to your command, O Indra.
Indra's greatness is proclaimed. His immense power and glory are acknowledged, with the understanding that both the heavens and the earth, represented as powerful entities, are subject to his might and are influenced by his actions.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. म॒हाँ उ॒ता सि यस्य ते mahā́n utá asi yásya te (8 syllables)
- B. अनु स्व॒धाव॑री सहः ánu svadhā́varī sáhaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. म॒म्नाते॑ इन्द्र रोद॑सी mamnā́te indra ródasī (8 syllables)
म॒हाँ (mahā́n)
great
उ॒ता (utá)
and
सि (asi)
are
यस्य (yásya)
whose
ते (te)
to you
अनु (ánu)
according to
स्व॒धाव॑री (svadhā́varī)
powerful, self-sustaining (dual)
सहः (sáhaḥ)
strength, power
म॒म्नाते॑ (mamnā́te)
they recognize, they are impressed
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
रोद॑सी (ródasī)
heaven and earth (dual)
Stanza 7.31.8
तं त्वा॑ म॒रुत्व॑ती॒ परि॒ भुव॒द्वाणी॑ स॒याव॑री | नक्ष॑माणा स॒ह द्युभिः॑ ||
táṁ tvā marútvatī pári bhúvad vā́ṇī sayā́varī nákṣamāṇā sahá dyúbhiḥ
Let the hymn, attended by the Maruts and progressing with the light-rays, surround you, O Indra.
The rishis describe how their hymn of praise, characterized as 'Marut-like' (associated with the Maruts, storm deities), surrounds Indra. This hymn is presented as something that reaches Indra along with the light rays, implying a divine connection and recognition.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. तं त्वा म॒रुत्व॑ती परि tám tvā marútvatī pári (8 syllables)
- B. भुव॒द् वाणी स॒याव॑री bhúvat vā́ṇī sayā́varī (8 syllables)
- C. नक्ष॑माणा स॒ह द्युभिः॑ nákṣamāṇā sahá dyúbhiḥ (8 syllables)
तं (tám)
that
त्वा (tvā)
you
म॒रुत्व॑ती (marútvatī)
accompanied by the Maruts
परि (pári)
around
भुव॒द् (bhúvat)
let it be, become
वाणी (vā́ṇī)
the voice, the hymn
स॒याव॑री (sayā́varī)
going along with
नक्ष॑माणा (nákṣamāṇā)
reaching, attaining
स॒ह (sahá)
together with
द्युभिः॑ (dyúbhiḥ)
with the light rays
Stanza 7.31.9
ऊ॒र्ध्वास॒स्त्वान्विन्द॑वो॒ भुव॑न्द॒स्ममुप॒ द्यवि॑ | सं ते॑ नमन्त कृ॒ष्टयः॑ ||
ūrdhvā́sas tvā́nv índavo bhúvan dasmám úpa dyávi sáṁ te namanta kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ
Let the rising Soma drops reach you, O wonderful one, in the sky; may all people bow down to you.
The rishis pray that the intoxicating drops of Soma, rising upwards, reach the divine and wondrous Indra in the sky. They also express the hope that all people will bow down to him, acknowledging his supreme power.
Meter: Gayatri
- A. ऊ॒र्ध्वासः त्वा अनु इन्द॑वो ūrdhvā́saḥ tvā ánu índavaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. भुव॑न् द॒स्ममुप द्यवि सं bhúvan dasmám úpa dyávi (8 syllables)
- C. ते नमन्त कृ॒ष्टयः॑ प्र sám te namanta kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ (8 syllables)
ऊ॒र्ध्वासः (ūrdhvā́saḥ)
rising upwards
त्वा (tvā)
you
अनु (ánu)
towards
इन्द॑वो (índavaḥ)
Soma drops
भुव॑न् (bhúvan)
let them reach, let them go
द॒स्ममुप (dasmám)
wondrous, marvelous
द्यवि (úpa)
towards
सं (dyávi)
in the sky
ते (sám)
together
नमन्त (te)
to you
कृ॒ष्टयः॑ (namanta)
they bow
प्र (kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ)
people, mankind
Stanza 7.31.10
प्र वो॑ म॒हे म॑हि॒वृधे॑ भरध्वं॒ प्रचे॑तसे॒ प्र सु॑म॒तिं कृ॑णुध्वम् | विशः॑ पू॒र्वीः प्र च॑रा चर्षणि॒प्राः ||
prá vo mahé mahivŕ̥dhe bharadhvam prácetase prá sumatíṁ kr̥ṇudhvam víśaḥ pūrvī́ḥ prá carā carṣaṇiprā́ḥ
Bring your offerings to the great, growing, wise Indra; make ready your devotion and go forth to many peoples.
The rishis are instructed to bring their offerings to Indra, who is great, growing in greatness, and wise. They are also told to prepare their devotion and to proceed to serve many ancient tribes, suggesting Indra's widespread influence and dominion.
Meter:
- A. प्र वो म॒हे महि॒वृधे॑ भरध्वं prá vaḥ mahé mahivŕ̥dhe bharadhvam (11 syllables)
- B. प्रचे॑तसे प्र सु॒म॒तिं कृ॑णुध्वम् prácetase prá sumatím kr̥ṇudhvam (11 syllables)
- C. विशः॑ पू॒र्वीः प्र चर्षणि॒प्राः víśaḥ pūrvī́ḥ prá cara + carṣaṇiprā́ḥ (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward
वो (vaḥ)
to you
म॒हे (mahé)
to the great one
महि॒वृधे॑ (mahivŕ̥dhe)
to the great grower
भरध्वं (bharadhvam)
bring (ye)
प्रचे॑तसे (prácetase)
to the wise one
प्र (prá)
forward
सु॒म॒तिं (sumatím)
good-mindedness, devotion
कृ॑णुध्वम् (kr̥ṇudhvam)
make (ye)
विशः॑ (víśaḥ)
peoples, tribes
पू॒र्वीः (pūrvī́ḥ)
many, ancient
प्र (prá)
forward
(cara +)
चर्षणि॒प्राः (carṣaṇiprā́ḥ)
controller of men, everywhere
Stanza 7.31.11
उ॒रु॒व्यच॑से म॒हिने॑ सुवृ॒क्तिमिन्द्रा॑य॒ ब्रह्म॑ जनयन्त॒ विप्राः॑ | तस्य॑ व्र॒तानि॒ न मि॑नन्ति॒ धीराः॑ ||
uruvyácase mahíne suvr̥ktím índrāya bráhma janayanta víprāḥ tásya vratā́ni ná minanti dhī́rāḥ
For the widely-extended, great Indra, the singers generate hymns; the wise ones do not break his ordinances.
The wise poets (vipras) have created praises and hymns for Indra, who is vast in scope and great in majesty. They are committed to upholding his laws and statutes, showing their deep respect and adherence to his divine order.
Meter:
- A. उ॒रु॒व्यच॑से म॒हिने॑ सुवृ॒क्तिमि uruvyácase mahíne suvr̥ktím (11 syllables)
- B. इन्द्रा॑य ब्र॒ह्म जनयन्त विप्राः॑ índrāya bráhma janayanta víprāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. तस्य॑ व्र॒तानिः न मि॒नन्ति धीराः॑ tásya vratā́ni ná minanti dhī́rāḥ (11 syllables)
उ॒रु॒व्यच॑से (uruvyácase)
to the wide-extending
म॒हिने॑ (mahíne)
to the great one
सुवृ॒क्तिमि (suvr̥ktím)
well-formed praise, hymn
इन्द्रा॑य (índrāya)
for Indra
ब्र॒ह्म (bráhma)
hymn, prayer
जनयन्त (janayanta)
they produce, generate
विप्राः॑ (víprāḥ)
poets, singers
तस्य॑ (tásya)
his
व्र॒तानिः (vratā́ni)
ordinances, vows
न (ná)
not
मि॒नन्ति (minanti)
they break, transgress
धीराः॑ (dhī́rāḥ)
wise, steadfast
Stanza 7.31.12
इन्द्रं॒ वाणी॒रनु॑त्तमन्युमे॒व स॒त्रा राजा॑नं दधिरे॒ सह॑ध्यै | हर्य॑श्वाय बर्हया॒ समा॒पीन् ||
índraṁ vā́ṇīr ánuttamanyum evá satrā́ rā́jānaṁ dadhire sáhadhyai háryaśvāya barhayā sám āpī́n
The hymns have established Indra as the king, ever victorious, never to be overcome; and for the lord of the bays, they have strengthened those dear to him.
The hymns and praises (vani) have established Indra as the eternal king, whose anger is never overcome, for the purpose of victory. They have also strengthened his beloved companions, especially for the one who rides the tawny horses (Indra).
Meter:
- A. इन्द्रं वाणीः अनुत्तमन्युम एव índram vā́ṇīḥ ánuttamanyum evá (11 syllables)
- B. स॒त्रा राजा॑नं दधिरे सह॑ध्यै satrā́ rā́jānam dadhire sáhadhyai (11 syllables)
- C. हर्य॑श्वाय ब॒र्हया स॒ मा॒पीन् háryaśvāya barhayā sám āpī́n (11 syllables)
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra
वाणीः (vā́ṇīḥ)
hymns, voices
अनुत्तमन्युम (ánuttamanyum)
whose anger is not overcome
एव (evá)
indeed
स॒त्रा (satrā́)
constantly, perpetually
राजा॑नं (rā́jānam)
king
दधिरे (dadhire)
they have placed, established
सह॑ध्यै (sáhadhyai)
for victory, for overcoming
हर्य॑श्वाय (háryaśvāya)
for him of the tawny horses
ब॒र्हया (barhayā)
strengthened, made great
स॒ (sám)
together
मा॒पीन् (āpī́n)
beloved companions