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Stanza 7.10.1
उ॒षो न जा॒रः पृ॒थु पाजो॑ अश्रे॒द्दवि॑द्युत॒द्दीद्य॒च्छोशु॑चानः | वृषा॒ हरिः॒ शुचि॒रा भा॑ति भा॒सा धियो॑ हिन्वा॒न उ॑श॒तीर॑जीगः ||
uṣó ná jāráḥ pr̥thú pā́jo aśred dávidyutad dī́dyac chóśucānaḥ vŕ̥ṣā háriḥ śúcir ā́ bhāti bhāsā́ dhíyo hinvāná uśatī́r ajīgaḥ
Like the dawn's lover, it spread its vast brilliance, flashing and shining with intense light. The strong, pure, golden one shines brightly with its radiance, having stirred our eager thoughts.
This verse describes the dawn, personified as a radiant being, like a lover of the dawn itself (which is unusual, implying its own radiant nature). It spreads its vast light, shining brilliantly and purely. This radiant force awakens and inspires our thoughts, making them long for its arrival.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. उषः न जारः पृणु पाजः अश्रेत् uṣáḥ ná jāráḥ pr̥thú pā́jaḥ aśret (11 syllables)
- B. दिवद्युत दीद्यत् शोशुचानः dávidyutat dī́dyat śóśucānaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. वृषा हरिः शुचिः आ भाति भासा vŕ̥ṣā háriḥ śúciḥ ā́ bhāti bhāsā́ (11 syllables)
- D. धियो हिन्वानः उशतीः अजीगः dhíyaḥ hinvānáḥ uśatī́ḥ ajīgar (11 syllables)
उषः (uṣáḥ)
of the dawn
न (ná)
like
जारः (jāráḥ)
lover, paramour
पृणु (pr̥thú)
vast, wide
पाजः (pā́jaḥ)
strength, brilliance, power
अश्रेत् (aśret)
spread out, extended
दिवद्युत (dávidyutat)
shining brightly, flashing
दीद्यत् (dī́dyat)
shining, gleaming
शोशुचानः (śóśucānaḥ)
shining intensely, burning brightly
वृषा (vŕ̥ṣā)
strong, potent, vigorous
हरिः (háriḥ)
golden, tawny
शुचिः (śúciḥ)
pure, bright, clean
आ (ā́)
towards, unto
भाति (bhāti)
shines, appears
भासा (bhāsā́)
with radiance, with light
धियो (dhíyaḥ)
thoughts, minds
हिन्वानः (hinvānáḥ)
driving, impelling, urging
उशतीः (uśatī́ḥ)
desiring, eager, wishing
अजीगः (ajīgar)
aroused, awakened
Stanza 7.10.2
स्व१॒॑र्ण वस्तो॑रु॒षसा॑मरोचि य॒ज्ञं त॑न्वा॒ना उ॒शिजो॒ न मन्म॑ | अ॒ग्निर्जन्मा॑नि दे॒व आ वि वि॒द्वान्द्र॒वद्दू॒तो दे॑व॒यावा॒ वनि॑ष्ठः ||
svàr ṇá vástor uṣásām aroci yajñáṁ tanvānā́ uśíjo ná mánma agnír jánmāni devá ā́ ví vidvā́n dravád dūtó devayā́vā vániṣṭhaḥ
Shining like gold, Agni shone as the dawn broke. Eager ones, weaving the sacrifice, praised him like their own thoughts. Agni, the god, knowing all births, moves swiftly as the divine, most bounteous messenger.
As the dawn breaks, the divine Agni shines with golden light, much like the sun. He is praised by those performing the sacrifice, who weave their offerings and hymns. Agni, the divine knower of all births, acts as a swift and generous messenger, traversing between the gods and humans.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स्वर्ण न वस्तोः उषसाम अरोचि svàr ná vástoḥ uṣásām aroci (11 syllables)
- B. यज्ञं तन्वानाः उशिजः न मन्म yajñám tanvānā́ḥ uśíjaḥ ná mánma (11 syllables)
- C. अग्निः जन्मानि देवः आ वि विद्वान् agníḥ jánmāni deváḥ ā́ ví vidvā́n (11 syllables)
- D. द्रवत् दूतः देवयावा वनिष्ठः dravát dūtáḥ devayā́vā vániṣṭhaḥ (11 syllables)
स्वर्ण (svàr)
golden, of gold
न (ná)
like
वस्तोः (vástoḥ)
of the dawn, of the morning
उषसाम (uṣásām)
of the dawns
अरोचि (aroci)
shone, illuminated
यज्ञं (yajñám)
sacrifice
तन्वानाः (tanvānā́ḥ)
weaving, performing, extending
उशिजः (uśíjaḥ)
desiring ones, eager ones
न (ná)
like
मन्म (mánma)
thoughts, hymns, praises
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
जन्मानि (jánmāni)
births, origins
देवः (deváḥ)
god
आ (ā́)
up, towards
वि (ví)
apart, asunder, widely
विद्वान् (vidvā́n)
knowing, wise
द्रवत् (dravát)
swiftly, quickly
दूतः (dūtáḥ)
messenger
देवयावा (devayā́vā)
going to the gods, divine
वनिष्ठः (vániṣṭhaḥ)
most liberal, most bounteous
Stanza 7.10.3
अच्छा॒ गिरो॑ म॒तयो॑ देव॒यन्ती॑र॒ग्निं य॑न्ति॒ द्रवि॑णं॒ भिक्ष॑माणाः | सु॒सं॒दृशं॑ सु॒प्रती॑कं॒ स्वञ्चं॑ हव्य॒वाह॑मर॒तिं मानु॑षाणाम् ||
áchā gíro matáyo devayántīr agníṁ yanti dráviṇam bhíkṣamāṇāḥ susaṁdŕ̥śaṁ suprátīkaṁ sváñcaṁ havyavā́ham aratím mā́nuṣāṇām
Our songs and thoughts, eager for the god, go towards Agni, seeking wealth. They praise him who is beautiful to see, well-formed, swift, the carrier of offerings for men to the gods.
Hymns and thoughtful praises, eager for the divine, are directed towards Agni. They seek him out in the sacrifice, begging for wealth and blessings. Agni is described as being beautiful to behold, with a pleasing form, quick, and carrying oblations to the gods on behalf of humans.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अच्छा गिरः मतयो देवयन्तीः ácha + gíraḥ matáyaḥ devayántīḥ (11 syllables)
- B. अग्निं यन्ति द्रविणं भिक्षमाणाः agním yanti dráviṇam bhíkṣamāṇāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. सुसंशृशं सुप्रतीकं स्वञ्चं susaṃdŕ̥śam suprátīkam sváñcam (11 syllables)
- D. हव्यवाहं अतिं मानुषाणां havyavā́ham aratím mā́nuṣāṇām (11 syllables)
अच्छा (ácha +)
towards, to
गिरः (gíraḥ)
songs, hymns, praises
मतयो (matáyaḥ)
thoughts, minds, praises
देवयन्तीः (devayántīḥ)
going to the gods, seeking the divine
अग्निं (agním)
Agni (the fire god)
यन्ति (yanti)
go, move
द्रविणं (dráviṇam)
wealth, riches, prosperity
भिक्षमाणाः (bhíkṣamāṇāḥ)
begging, seeking, asking
सुसंशृशं (susaṃdŕ̥śam)
beautiful to see, well-seen
सुप्रतीकं (suprátīkam)
having a good appearance, handsome
स्वञ्चं (sváñcam)
swift, quick, moving well
हव्यवाहं (havyavā́ham)
carrying oblations
अतिं (aratím)
messenger, envoy
मानुषाणां (mā́nuṣāṇām)
of men, of humans
Stanza 7.10.4
इन्द्रं॑ नो अग्ने॒ वसु॑भिः स॒जोषा॑ रु॒द्रं रु॒द्रेभि॒रा व॑हा बृ॒हन्त॑म् | आ॒दि॒त्येभि॒रदि॑तिं वि॒श्वज॑न्यां॒ बृह॒स्पति॒मृक्व॑भिर्वि॒श्ववा॑रम् ||
índraṁ no agne vásubhiḥ sajóṣā rudráṁ rudrébhir ā́ vahā br̥hántam ādityébhir áditiṁ viśvájanyām bŕ̥haspátim ŕ̥kvabhir viśvávāram
Agni, in agreement with the Vasus, bring Indra to us! Bring mighty Rudra with the Rudras! Bring Aditi, mother of all, with the Adityas! Bring Brihaspati, with the hymn-singers!
The verse is a prayer invoking Agni to bring forth various deities. Agni is asked to bring Indra, together with the Vasus (a class of gods); Rudra, along with the Rudras; Aditi, who nurtures all beings, accompanied by the Adityas; and Brihaspati, the lord of wisdom, along with the singers of hymns.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इन्द्रं नः अग्ने वसुभिः सजोषाः índram naḥ agne vásubhiḥ sajóṣāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. रुद्रं रुद्रेभिः आ वः बृ्हन्तं rudrám rudrébhiḥ ā́ vaha + br̥hántam (11 syllables)
- C. आदित्येभिः अदिति विश्वजन्यां ādityébhiḥ áditim viśvájanyām (11 syllables)
- D. बृहस्पतिं ऋक्भिः विश्ववारं bŕ̥haspátim ŕ̥kvabhiḥ viśvávāram (11 syllables)
इन्द्रं (índram)
Indra (king of the gods)
नः (naḥ)
us
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
वसुभिः (vásubhiḥ)
with the Vasus (a class of deities)
सजोषाः (sajóṣāḥ)
in agreement, in unison, dwelling together
रुद्रं (rudrám)
Rudra (a fierce deity)
रुद्रेभिः (rudrébhiḥ)
with the Rudras (followers of Rudra)
आ (ā́)
hither, towards
वः (vaha +)
bring
बृ्हन्तं (br̥hántam)
great, mighty, large
आदित्येभिः (ādityébhiḥ)
with the Adityas (a group of solar deities)
अदिति (áditim)
Aditi (goddess of the boundless sky, mother of gods)
विश्वजन्यां (viśvájanyām)
mother of all, encompassing all
बृहस्पतिं (bŕ̥haspátim)
Brihaspati (lord of prayer, god of wisdom)
ऋक्भिः (ŕ̥kvabhiḥ)
with the hymn-singers, with the priests
विश्ववारं (viśvávāram)
all-bounteous, bestowing all
Stanza 7.10.5
म॒न्द्रं होता॑रमु॒शिजो॒ यवि॑ष्ठम॒ग्निं विश॑ ईळते अध्व॒रेषु॑ | स हि क्षपा॑वाँ॒ अभ॑वद्रयी॒णामत॑न्द्रो दू॒तो य॒जथा॑य दे॒वान् ||
mandráṁ hótāram uśíjo yáviṣṭham agníṁ víśa īḷate adhvaréṣu sá hí kṣápāvām̐ ábhavad rayīṇā́m átandro dūtó yajáthāya devā́n
Men eagerly praise joyful Agni, the youngest priest, in their sacrifices. For he has become the lord of riches, an untiring messenger for the worship of the gods.
People earnestly call upon Agni, the joyous priest of the sacrifice, who is eternally youthful. He is praised as the lord and protector of riches. Because he is diligent and never tires, he serves as a tireless messenger for the gods, ensuring the proper performance of worship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मन्द्रं होतारं उशिजः यविष्ठं mandrám hótāram uśíjaḥ yáviṣṭham (11 syllables)
- B. अग्निं विशः ईळते अध्वरेषु agním víśaḥ īḷate adhvaréṣu (11 syllables)
- C. स हि क्षपावान अभवत् रयीणां sá hí kṣápāvān ábhavat rayīṇā́m (11 syllables)
- D. अतन्द्रः दूतः यजथाय देवान् átandraḥ dūtáḥ yajáthāya devā́n (11 syllables)
मन्द्रं (mandrám)
joyful, glad, cheering
होतारं (hótāram)
priest, offerer
उशिजः (uśíjaḥ)
eager ones, those who desire
यविष्ठं (yáviṣṭham)
youngest, most youthful
अग्निं (agním)
Agni (the fire god)
विशः (víśaḥ)
people, communities
ईळते (īḷate)
praise, worship, invoke
अध्वरेषु (adhvaréṣu)
in sacrifices, in religious rites
स (sá)
he
हि (hí)
indeed, truly
क्षपावान (kṣápāvān)
lord of the night, master of dominion, powerful
अभवत् (ábhavat)
became, was
रयीणां (rayīṇā́m)
of riches, of wealth
अतन्द्रः (átandraḥ)
untiring, diligent, not drowsy
दूतः (dūtáḥ)
messenger, envoy
यजथाय (yajáthāya)
for worship, for sacrifice
देवान् (devā́n)
to the gods