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Stanza 6.31.1
अभू॒रेको॑ रयिपते रयी॒णामा हस्त॑योरधिथा इन्द्र कृ॒ष्टीः | वि तो॒के अ॒प्सु तन॑ये च॒ सूरेऽवो॑चन्त चर्ष॒णयो॒ विवा॑चः ||
ábhūr éko rayipate rayīṇā́m ā́ hástayor adhithā indra kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ ví toké apsú tánaye ca sū́ré 'vocanta carṣaṇáyo vívācaḥ
You are the sole lord of riches, O Lord of wealth. Indra, you have held the people in your hands. For offspring and sustenance, and for sunlight, people have invoked you with varied calls.
This verse addresses Indra, the powerful deity, acknowledging his sole dominion over immense wealth. It states that Indra has personally held and controlled the human populations within his hands. The stanza further describes how people, across different domains of life and existence, invoke Indra with diverse prayers and intentions, seeking his favor for progeny, sustenance (waters), and prosperity (sunlight).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अभू एको रयि पते रयीणाम् ábhūḥ ékaḥ rayipate rayīṇā́m (11 syllables)
- B. आ हस्तयोः अधिथाः इन्द्र कृष्टीः ā́ hástayoḥ adhithāḥ indra kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ (11 syllables)
- C. वि तोके अप् सु तनये च सूरे ví toké apsú tánaye ca sū́re (11 syllables)
- D. अव ओचन्त चर्ष णयः विव आचः ávocanta carṣaṇáyaḥ vívācaḥ (11 syllables)
अभू (ábhūḥ)
you have become
एको (ékaḥ)
sole, one
रयि पते (rayipate)
O lord of wealth
रयीणाम् (rayīṇā́m)
of riches
आ (ā́)
indeed, emphasis
हस्तयोः (hástayoḥ)
in the hands
अधिथाः (adhithāḥ)
you have placed
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
कृष्टीः (kr̥ṣṭī́ḥ)
people, human beings
वि (ví)
apart, away
तोके (toké)
for offspring, for children
अप् सु (apsú)
in waters, for sustenance
तनये (tánaye)
for progeny, for descendants
च (ca)
and
सूरे (sū́re)
in sunlight, for sunlight
अव ओचन्त (ávocanta)
they spoke, they called
चर्ष णयः (carṣaṇáyaḥ)
people, mankind
विव आचः (vívācaḥ)
with varied speech, with calls
Stanza 6.31.2
त्वद्भि॒येन्द्र॒ पार्थि॑वानि॒ विश्वाच्यु॑ता चिच्च्यावयन्ते॒ रजां॑सि | द्यावा॒क्षामा॒ पर्व॑तासो॒ वना॑नि॒ विश्वं॑ दृ॒ळ्हं भ॑यते॒ अज्म॒न्ना ते॑ ||
tvád bhiyéndra pā́rthivāni víśvā́cyutā cic cyāvayante rájāṁsi dyā́vākṣā́mā párvatāso vánāni víśvaṁ dr̥ḷhám bhayate ájmann ā́ te
Because of fear of you, Indra, all the earthly realms, though they do not move, are shaken. The sky and earth, mountains and forests, everything firm, fears your movement.
This stanza describes the immense power and awe-inspiring presence of Indra. It states that all earthly regions tremble and move due to fear of him, even if they are typically unshakeable. The verse emphasizes that every solid and stable element in the universe, including the sky, earth, mountains, and forests, is filled with apprehension and fear at Indra's approach or manifestation.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वद् भि या इन्द्र पार्थिवानि विश्वा tvát bhiyā́ indra pā́rthivāni víśvā (11 syllables)
- B. अ च्युता चिद् च्यावयन्ते रजां सि ácyutā cit cyāvayante rájāṃsi (11 syllables)
- C. द्यावा क्षामा पर्व तासः वनानि dyā́vākṣā́mā párvatāsaḥ vánāni (11 syllables)
- D. विश्वं दृळ्हम् भयते अस्मन् आ ते víśvam dr̥ḷhám bhayate ájman ā́ te (12 syllables)
त्वद् (tvát)
from you
भि या (bhiyā́)
by fear
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
पार्थिवानि (pā́rthivāni)
earthly realms
विश्वा (víśvā)
all
अ च्युता (ácyutā)
unshaken, unmoving
चिद् (cit)
even, indeed
च्यावयन्ते (cyāvayante)
they are moved, they shake
रजां सि (rájāṃsi)
regions, expanses
द्यावा क्षामा (dyā́vākṣā́mā)
sky and earth
पर्व तासः (párvatāsaḥ)
mountains
वनानि (vánāni)
forests, woods
विश्वं (víśvam)
all
दृळ्हम् (dr̥ḷhám)
firm, strong
भयते (bhayate)
it fears
अस्मन् (ájman)
in motion, on the path
आ (ā́)
towards, near
ते (te)
your
Stanza 6.31.3
त्वं कुत्से॑ना॒भि शुष्ण॑मिन्द्रा॒शुषं॑ युध्य॒ कुय॑वं॒ गवि॑ष्टौ | दश॑ प्रपि॒त्वे अध॒ सूर्य॑स्य मुषा॒यश्च॒क्रमवि॑वे॒ रपां॑सि ||
tváṁ kútsenābhí śúṣṇam indrāśúṣaṁ yudhya kúyavaṁ gáviṣṭau dáśa prapitvé ádha sū́ryasya muṣāyáś cakrám ávive rápāṁsi
Indra, you fought with Kutsa against the greedy Śuṣṇa in the pursuit of wealth. You defeated him and in the intense struggle, you stole the Sun's wheel and drove away misfortunes.
This verse recounts one of Indra's significant victories. It tells how Indra, aided by the sage Kutsa, fought and defeated the malevolent demon named Śuṣṇa, who was characterized as greedy and a destroyer of prosperity. The battle occurred during a contest for resources ('gaviṣṭi', often implying wealth or cattle). In the intense fight, Indra is described as having subdued Śuṣṇa, and subsequently, he is said to have recovered the Sun's chariot wheel and averted misfortunes.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वं कुत् सेन अभि शुष्णम् इन्द्र tvám kútsena abhí śúṣṇam indra (11 syllables)
- B. अ शुषम् युध्य कु यवम् गवि ष्टौ aśúṣam yudhya kúyavam gáviṣṭau (11 syllables)
- C. दश प्रपित्वे अध सूर्यस्य dáśa prapitvé ádha sū́ryasya (11 syllables)
- D. मुषायः चक्रम आ अ वि वेः अपं सि muṣāyáḥ cakrám áviveḥ ápāṃsi (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
कुत् सेन (kútsena)
with Kutsa
अभि (abhí)
against
शुष्णम् (śúṣṇam)
Śuṣṇa (a demon)
इन्द्र (indra)
O Indra
अ शुषम् (aśúṣam)
voracious, destructive
युध्य (yudhya)
fight!
कु यवम् (kúyavam)
destroyer of crops, bane
गवि ष्टौ (gáviṣṭau)
in the search for cows/wealth
दश (dáśa)
pierce, wound
प्रपित्वे (prapitvé)
in close combat, in distress
अध (ádha)
then
सूर्यस्य (sū́ryasya)
of the Sun
मुषायः (muṣāyáḥ)
you stole
चक्रम (cakrám)
wheel
आ अ वि वेः (áviveḥ)
you drove away
अपं सि (ápāṃsi)
misfortunes, afflictions
Stanza 6.31.4
त्वं श॒तान्यव॒ शम्ब॑रस्य॒ पुरो॑ जघन्थाप्र॒तीनि॒ दस्योः॑ | अशि॑क्षो॒ यत्र॒ शच्या॑ शचीवो॒ दिवो॑दासाय सुन्व॒ते सु॑तक्रे भ॒रद्वा॑जाय गृण॒ते वसू॑नि ||
tváṁ śatā́ny áva śámbarasya púro jaghanthāpratī́ni dásyoḥ áśikṣo yátra śácyā śacīvo dívodāsāya sunvaté sutakre bharádvājāya gr̥ṇaté vásūni
You destroyed the hundred impregnable forts of Śambara, the enemy. O powerful one, with might you helped Divodāsa who offered sacrifices, and gave riches to Bharadvāja who praised you.
This verse celebrates Indra's military prowess, specifically his destruction of the hundred fortresses belonging to the Dasa (an enemy) named Śambara. These forts are described as being impenetrable. The hymn highlights Indra's mighty actions, stating that he empowered the warrior king Divodāsa and gifted him riches. It also mentions that Indra helped the performer of sacrifices (Bharadvāja) who praised him, implying a reciprocal relationship between divine power and human devotion.
Meter: Pankti
- A. त्वं शतानि अव शम्बरस्य tvám śatā́ni áva śámbarasya (11 syllables)
- B. पुरः जघन् थ अ प्रतीनि दस्योः púraḥ jaghantha apratī́ni dásyoḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अ शिक् षः यत्र शच्या शची वः áśikṣaḥ yátra śácyā śacīvaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. दिवो दासाय सुन् वते सु त क्रे dívodāsāya sunvaté sutakre (11 syllables)
- E. भरद् वाजाय गृण ते वसू नि bharádvājāya gr̥ṇaté vásūni (11 syllables)
त्वं (tvám)
you
शतानि (śatā́ni)
a hundred
अव (áva)
down
शम्बरस्य (śámbarasya)
of Śambara
पुरः (púraḥ)
forts, cities
जघन् थ (jaghantha)
you struck down, destroyed
अ प्रतीनि (apratī́ni)
impenetrable, unconquered
दस्योः (dásyoḥ)
of the Dasa (enemy)
अ शिक् षः (áśikṣaḥ)
you caused to fail, you overpowered
यत्र (yátra)
when, where
शच्या (śácyā)
with might, with power
शची वः (śacīvaḥ)
O mighty one
दिवो दासाय (dívodāsāya)
for Divodāsa
सुन् वते (sunvaté)
who pours libations
सु त क्रे (sutakre)
O doer of Soma-pressing
भरद् वाजाय (bharádvājāya)
for Bharadvāja
गृण ते (gr̥ṇaté)
who praises
वसू नि (vásūni)
riches, treasures
Stanza 6.31.5
स स॑त्यसत्वन्मह॒ते रणा॑य॒ रथ॒मा ति॑ष्ठ तुविनृम्ण भी॒मम् | या॒हि प्र॑पथि॒न्नव॒सोप॑ म॒द्रिक्प्र च॑ श्रुत श्रावय चर्ष॒णिभ्यः॑ ||
sá satyasatvan mahaté ráṇāya rátham ā́ tiṣṭha tuvinr̥mṇa bhīmám yāhí prapathinn ávasópa madrík prá ca śruta śrāvaya carṣaṇíbhyaḥ
As such, O true hero, mount your terrifying chariot for the great battle, O strong one! Come with your help to me, O distant one! And, O glorious one, spread my fame to the people.
This verse is a direct invocation to Indra, urging him to participate in a significant battle. The speaker addresses Indra as a true hero and a powerful being, instructing him to mount his terrifying chariot for the great conflict. The hymn requests Indra's swift arrival with his help, describing him as one who roams from afar. Finally, the speaker asks the glorious Indra to spread their own fame and glory among all people.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. स सत्य सत्वन् मह ते रणाय sá satyasatvan mahaté ráṇāya (11 syllables)
- B. रथं आ तिष्ठ तुवि नृम्ण भीमम् rátham ā́ tiṣṭha tuvinr̥mṇa bhīmám (11 syllables)
- C. याहि प्र पथिन् अव सा उप मद्रिक् yāhí prapathin ávasā úpa madrík (11 syllables)
- D. प्र च श्रुत श्रा वय चर्ष णि भ्यः prá ca śruta śrāvaya carṣaṇíbhyaḥ (11 syllables)
स (sá)
he, that
सत्य सत्वन् (satyasatvan)
O possessor of true strength
मह ते (mahaté)
for the great
रणाय (ráṇāya)
for battle, for joy
रथं (rátham)
chariot
आ (ā́)
upon
तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha)
stand, mount
तुवि नृम्ण (tuvinr̥mṇa)
O mighty one
भीमम् (bhīmám)
terrible, fearsome
याहि (yāhí)
come!
प्र पथिन् (prapathin)
O traveler of the distant path
अव सा (ávasā)
with help
उप (úpa)
near, to
मद्रिक् (madrík)
making glad, delightful
प्र (prá)
forth
च (ca)
and
श्रुत (śruta)
O glorious one
श्रा वय (śrāvaya)
make heard, proclaim
चर्ष णि भ्यः (carṣaṇíbhyaḥ)
to the people, to mankind