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Stanza 6.28.1
आ गावो॑ अग्मन्नु॒त भ॒द्रम॑क्र॒न्त्सीद॑न्तु गो॒ष्ठे र॒णय॑न्त्व॒स्मे | प्र॒जाव॑तीः पुरु॒रूपा॑ इ॒ह स्यु॒रिन्द्रा॑य पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॒ दुहा॑नाः ||
ā́ gā́vo agmann utá bhadrám akran sī́dantu goṣṭhé raṇáyantv asmé prajā́vatīḥ pururū́pā ihá syur índrāya pūrvī́r uṣáso dúhānāḥ
The cows have come and brought good fortune. Let them settle in the cow-pen and be joyful with us. May they remain here, prolific and diverse in form, yielding milk for Indra through many dawns.
This verse welcomes the arrival of cows, signifying prosperity and well-being. It expresses a desire for the cows to settle comfortably in their pens, to be fruitful and multiply, and to provide abundant milk for the deity Indra, highlighting their importance as a source of sustenance and divine favor.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. आ गावो॑ अग्मन् उत भद्रम॑ अक्र॒न्त् ā́ gā́vaḥ agman utá bhadrám akran (11 syllables)
- B. सीदन्तु गो॒ष्ठे र॒णय॑न्त्व अस्मे sī́dantu goṣṭhé raṇáyantu asmé (11 syllables)
- C. प्र॒जाव॑तीः पुरु॒रूपा॑ इ॒ह स्युः prajā́vatīḥ pururū́pāḥ ihá syuḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इन्द्रा॑य पू॒र्वीरुः उ॒षसो दुहा॑नाः índrāya pūrvī́ḥ uṣásaḥ dúhānāḥ (11 syllables)
आ (ā́)
to, towards
गावो॑ (gā́vaḥ)
cows
अग्मन् (agman)
came
उत (utá)
and
भद्रम॑ (bhadrám)
auspicious, good fortune
अक्र॒न्त् (akran)
made, did
सीदन्तु (sī́dantu)
may they sit, may they dwell
गो॒ष्ठे (goṣṭhé)
in the cow-pen
र॒णय॑न्त्व (raṇáyantu)
may they rejoice, may they be glad
अस्मे (asmé)
with us
प्र॒जाव॑तीः (prajā́vatīḥ)
prolific, possessing offspring
पुरु॒रूपा॑ (pururū́pāḥ)
having many forms, diverse
इ॒ह (ihá)
here
स्युः (syuḥ)
may they be
इन्द्रा॑य (índrāya)
for Indra
पू॒र्वीरुः (pūrvī́ḥ)
many, numerous
उ॒षसो (uṣásaḥ)
dawns
दुहा॑नाः (dúhānāḥ)
milking, yielding milk
Stanza 6.28.2
इन्द्रो॒ यज्व॑ने पृण॒ते च॑ शिक्ष॒त्युपेद्द॑दाति॒ न स्वं मु॑षायति | भूयो॑भूयो र॒यिमिद॑स्य व॒र्धय॒न्नभि॑न्ने खि॒ल्ये नि द॑धाति देव॒युम् ||
índro yájvane pr̥ṇaté ca śikṣaty úpéd dadāti ná svám muṣāyati bhū́yo-bhūyo rayím íd asya vardháyann ábhinne khilyé ní dadhāti devayúm
Indra helps the one who sacrifices and gives. He provides and does not take away his own. Constantly increasing his wealth, he establishes the god-worshipper in an unbroken, safe place.
This verse describes Indra's benevolent nature towards those who perform sacrifices and offer gifts. He supports and enriches them, never taking away what is theirs, but instead increasing their wealth and ensuring their secure well-being.
Meter: Jagati
- A. इन्द्रो यज्व॑ने पृ॒णते च शिक्ष॒त्युपे índraḥ yájvane pr̥ṇaté ca śikṣati (12 syllables)
- B. द- - ददाति न स्वं मुषायति úpa ít dadāti ná svám muṣāyati (12 syllables)
- C. भूयो॑भूयो र॒यिमिद॑स्य - - व॒र्धय॒न्नभि bhū́yo-bhūyaḥ rayím ít asya vardháyan (12 syllables)
- D. अभिन्ने खि॒ल्ये नि दधाति देव॒युम् ábhinne khilyé ní dadhāti devayúm (12 syllables)
इन्द्रो (índraḥ)
Indra (the king of gods)
यज्व॑ने (yájvane)
to the sacrificer
पृ॒णते (pr̥ṇaté)
to the one who gives generously
च (ca)
and
शिक्ष॒त्युपे (śikṣati)
he strives for, he aims to help
द- (úpa)
towards, upon
- (ít)
indeed
ददाति (dadāti)
he gives
न (ná)
not
स्वं (svám)
his own
मुषायति (muṣāyati)
steals, takes away
भूयो॑भूयो (bhū́yo-bhūyaḥ)
more and more, increasingly
र॒यिमिद॑स्य (rayím)
wealth
- (ít)
indeed
- (asya)
his
व॒र्धय॒न्नभि (vardháyan)
increasing
अभिन्ने (ábhinne)
unbroken, undivided
खि॒ल्ये (khilyé)
in a protected place, in a pasture
नि (ní)
down, in
दधाति (dadhāti)
he places, he establishes
देव॒युम् (devayúm)
the worshipper of gods
Stanza 6.28.3
न ता न॑शन्ति॒ न द॑भाति॒ तस्क॑रो॒ नासा॑मामि॒त्रो व्यथि॒रा द॑धर्षति | दे॒वाँश्च॒ याभि॒र्यज॑ते॒ ददा॑ति च॒ ज्योगित्ताभिः॑ सचते॒ गोप॑तिः स॒ह ||
ná tā́ naśanti ná dabhāti táskaro nā́sām āmitró vyáthir ā́ dadharṣati devā́ṁś ca yā́bhir yájate dádāti ca jyóg ít tā́bhiḥ sacate gópatiḥ sahá
Those cows do not perish, no thief deceives them, nor does any hostile foe attack them. The master of the cows lives long with them, through whom he worships the gods and makes offerings.
This verse assures the protection of the cows, stating that they cannot be lost, stolen, or harmed by enemies. It emphasizes their safe existence due to their association with a pious owner who worships the gods and offers gifts, ensuring their longevity and security.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ना ता न॑शन्ति ना द॑भाति तस्क॑रो ná tā́ḥ naśanti ná dabhāti táskaraḥ (12 syllables)
- B. ना सामा- अमि॒त्रो व्यथि॒ रा दधर्षति ná āsām āmitráḥ vyáthiḥ ā́ dadharṣati (12 syllables)
- C. दे॒वाँ च या॒भिः ददा॑ति च devā́n ca yā́bhiḥ yájate dádāti ca (12 syllables)
- D. ज्योगि- त्- ता॒भिः सचते गो॒पतिः स॒ह jyók ít tā́bhiḥ sacate gópatiḥ sahá (12 syllables)
ना (ná)
not
ता (tā́ḥ)
they (cows)
न॑शन्ति (naśanti)
perish, are lost
ना (ná)
not
द॑भाति (dabhāti)
deceives, cheats
तस्क॑रो (táskaraḥ)
thief
ना (ná)
not
सामा- (āsām)
of them (cows)
अमि॒त्रो (āmitráḥ)
hostile, inimical
व्यथि॒ (vyáthiḥ)
affliction, trouble
रा (ā́)
towards
दधर्षति (dadharṣati)
assaults, attacks
दे॒वाँ (devā́n)
gods
च (ca)
and
या॒भिः (yā́bhiḥ)
with which (cows)
(yájate)
ददा॑ति (dádāti)
he gives
च (ca)
and
ज्योगि- (jyók)
long (time)
त्- (ít)
indeed
ता॒भिः (tā́bhiḥ)
with them (cows)
सचते (sacate)
associates, stays with
गो॒पतिः (gópatiḥ)
master of the cows
स॒ह (sahá)
together, along
Stanza 6.28.4
न ता अर्वा॑ रे॒णुक॑काटो अश्नुते॒ न सं॑स्कृत॒त्रमुप॑ यन्ति॒ ता अ॒भि | उ॒रु॒गा॒यमभ॑यं॒ तस्य॒ ता अनु॒ गावो॒ मर्त॑स्य॒ वि च॑रन्ति॒ यज्व॑नः ||
ná tā́ árvā reṇúkakāṭo aśnute ná saṁskr̥tatrám úpa yanti tā́ abhí urugāyám ábhayaṁ tásya tā́ ánu gā́vo mártasya ví caranti yájvanaḥ
The charging horse, swift and dust-raising, does not overtake them. They do not go to the place of slaughter. The cows of the pious man roam freely and fearlessly in wide spaces.
This verse emphasizes the invincibility and safe passage of these cows. They are not overtaken by swift, dust-raising horses, nor are they taken to the slaughter. Instead, they roam freely and safely in wide, fear-free pastures under the care of their pious owner.
Meter: Jagati
- A. न ता अर्वा रे॒णुक॑काटो अश्नुते ná tā́ḥ árvā reṇúkakāṭaḥ aśnute (12 syllables)
- B. न सं॒स्कृत॒त्रमुप - यन्ति ता अ॒भि ná saṃskr̥tatrám úpa yanti tā́ḥ abhí (12 syllables)
- C. उरु॒गा॒यमभ॑यं - तस्य ता अनु urugāyám ábhayam tásya tā́ḥ ánu (12 syllables)
- D. गावो मर्त॑स्य वि चरन्ति यज्व॑नः gā́vaḥ mártasya ví caranti yájvanaḥ (12 syllables)
न (ná)
not
ता (tā́ḥ)
they (cows)
अर्वा (árvā)
horse
रे॒णुक॑काटो (reṇúkakāṭaḥ)
raising dust, swift-moving
अश्नुते (aśnute)
reaches, overtakes
न (ná)
not
सं॒स्कृत॒त्रमुप (saṃskr̥tatrám)
slaughter-place, place of sacrifice
- (úpa)
to, towards
यन्ति (yanti)
they go
ता (tā́ḥ)
they (cows)
अ॒भि (abhí)
towards
उरु॒गा॒यमभ॑यं (urugāyám)
wide-ranging, extensive
- (ábhayam)
fearless, secure
तस्य (tásya)
of him (the worshipper)
ता (tā́ḥ)
they (cows)
अनु (ánu)
along, according to
गावो (gā́vaḥ)
cows
मर्त॑स्य (mártasya)
of the mortal, of the man
वि (ví)
apart, widely
चरन्ति (caranti)
they roam, they move
यज्व॑नः (yájvanaḥ)
of the sacrificer
Stanza 6.28.5
गावो॒ भगो॒ गाव॒ इन्द्रो॑ मे अच्छा॒न्गावः॒ सोम॑स्य प्रथ॒मस्य॑ भ॒क्षः | इ॒मा या गावः॒ स ज॑नास॒ इन्द्र॑ इ॒च्छामीद्धृ॒दा मन॑सा चि॒दिन्द्र॑म् ||
gā́vo bhágo gā́va índro me achān gā́vaḥ sómasya prathamásya bhakṣáḥ imā́ yā́ gā́vaḥ sá janāsa índra ichā́mī́d dhr̥dā́ mánasā cid índram
To me, the cows are fortune, the cows are Indra. The cows are the first taste of Soma. These cows, O people, are indeed from Indra. I desire Indra with all my heart and mind.
The speaker expresses a deep reverence for the cows, equating them with divine blessings like Bhaga (fortune) and Indra himself. They are also seen as a valuable portion of the sacred Soma drink. The speaker directly addresses the people, declaring that these cows are indeed from Indra, and expresses a strong desire to connect with Indra through heart and mind.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. गावः भगो गावः इन्द्र मे अच्छा॒न् gā́vaḥ bhágaḥ gā́vaḥ índraḥ me achān (11 syllables)
- B. गावः सोमस्य प्रथ॒मस्य भ॒क्षः gā́vaḥ sómasya prathamásya bhakṣáḥ (11 syllables)
- C. इमा या गावः स ज॒नास इन्द्र imā́ḥ yā́ḥ gā́vaḥ sá janāsaḥ índraḥ (11 syllables)
- D. इच्छामीद्धृ - दा- मन॑सा चि इन्द्रम् ichā́mi ít hr̥dā́ mánasā cit índram (11 syllables)
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
भगो (bhágaḥ)
fortune, prosperity
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
मे (me)
to me
अच्छा॒न् (achān)
appeared, seemed
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
सोमस्य (sómasya)
of Soma (the sacred drink)
प्रथ॒मस्य (prathamásya)
first
भ॒क्षः (bhakṣáḥ)
portion, share, taste
इमा (imā́ḥ)
these
या (yā́ḥ)
which
गावः (gā́vaḥ)
cows
स (sá)
he, that
ज॒नास (janāsaḥ)
O people
इन्द्र (índraḥ)
Indra
इच्छामीद्धृ (ichā́mi)
I desire, I seek
- (ít)
indeed
दा- (hr̥dā́)
with the heart
मन॑सा (mánasā)
with the mind
चि (cit)
indeed, truly
इन्द्रम् (índram)
Indra
Stanza 6.28.6
यू॒यं गा॑वो मेदयथा कृ॒शं चि॑दश्री॒रं चि॑त्कृणुथा सु॒प्रती॑कम् | भ॒द्रं गृ॒हं कृ॑णुथ भद्रवाचो बृ॒हद्वो॒ वय॑ उच्यते स॒भासु॑ ||
yūyáṁ gāvo medayathā kr̥śáṁ cid aśrīráṁ cit kr̥ṇuthā suprátīkam bhadráṁ gr̥háṁ kr̥ṇutha bhadravāco br̥hád vo váya ucyate sabhā́su
O cows, you make the lean person plump and the ugly person beautiful. You make the house prosperous, O you of auspicious words. Your strength is praised in assemblies.
This verse directly addresses the cows, praising their ability to nourish the weak and make the unattractive beautiful. It asks them to bring prosperity to the household and acknowledges that their power and beneficial influence are celebrated in assemblies.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यू॒यं गा मेदयथा चि yūyám gāvaḥ medayatha + kr̥śám cit (11 syllables)
- B. चिदश्री॒रं चि सु॒प्रती॑कम् aśrīrám cit kr̥ṇutha + suprátīkam (11 syllables)
- C. भ॒द्रं गृ॒हं कृणुथ भद्रवाचो bhadrám gr̥hám kr̥ṇutha bhadravācaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. बृ॒हद्वो - वय उच्यते स॒भासु॑ br̥hát vaḥ váyaḥ ucyate sabhā́su (11 syllables)
यू॒यं (yūyám)
you (plural)
गा (gāvaḥ)
cows
(medayatha +)
मेदयथा (kr̥śám)
lean, thin
चि (cit)
even
चिदश्री॒रं (aśrīrám)
unlovely, unattractive
चि (cit)
even
(kr̥ṇutha +)
सु॒प्रती॑कम् (suprátīkam)
beautiful to behold, handsome
भ॒द्रं (bhadrám)
auspicious, good
गृ॒हं (gr̥hám)
house, home
कृणुथ (kr̥ṇutha)
you make
भद्रवाचो (bhadravācaḥ)
of auspicious speech
बृ॒हद्वो (br̥hát)
great, powerful
- (vaḥ)
your
वय (váyaḥ)
strength, power
उच्यते (ucyate)
is spoken, is proclaimed
स॒भासु॑ (sabhā́su)
in assemblies, in gatherings
Stanza 6.28.7
प्र॒जाव॑तीः सू॒यव॑सं रि॒शन्तीः॑ शु॒द्धा अ॒पः सु॑प्रपा॒णे पिब॑न्तीः | मा वः॑ स्ते॒न ई॑शत॒ माघशं॑सः॒ परि॑ वो हे॒ती रु॒द्रस्य॑ वृज्याः ||
prajā́vatīḥ sūyávasaṁ riśántīḥ śuddhā́ apáḥ suprapāṇé píbantīḥ mā́ va stená īśata mā́gháśaṁsaḥ pári vo hetī́ rudrásya vr̥jyāḥ
May you be prolific, eating good grass and drinking pure water at good watering places. May no thief rule over you, nor any evildoer. May Rudra's weapons pass you by.
This verse offers blessings and protection to the cows. It wishes for them to be productive, to eat good grass and drink pure water. It prays that they will not be harmed by thieves or wicked people, and that they will be protected from the destructive forces of Rudra (a fierce deity associated with storms and destruction).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र॒जाव॑तीः सू॒यव॑सं रि॒शन्तीः prajā́vatīḥ sūyávasam riśántīḥ (11 syllables)
- B. शु॒द्धा अ॒पः सु॒प्रपा॒णे पिब॑न्तीः śuddhā́ḥ apáḥ suprapāṇé píbantīḥ (11 syllables)
- C. मा- वः स्ते॒न ई॒शत मा- अघशं॑सः mā́ vaḥ stenáḥ īśata mā́ agháśaṃsaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. परि वः हे॒ती रु॒द्रस्य वृ॒ज्याः pári vaḥ hetíḥ rudrásya vr̥jyāḥ (11 syllables)
प्र॒जाव॑तीः (prajā́vatīḥ)
prolific, with offspring
सू॒यव॑सं (sūyávasam)
good pasture
रि॒शन्तीः (riśántīḥ)
nourishing, consuming
शु॒द्धा (śuddhā́ḥ)
pure
अ॒पः (apáḥ)
waters
सु॒प्रपा॒णे (suprapāṇé)
at a good drinking place
पिब॑न्तीः (píbantīḥ)
drinking
मा- (mā́)
not
वः (vaḥ)
you (plural)
स्ते॒न (stenáḥ)
thief
ई॒शत (īśata)
may rule, may have power
मा- (mā́)
not
अघशं॑सः (agháśaṃsaḥ)
evil-doer, one who intends harm
परि (pári)
around, away from
वः (vaḥ)
you (plural)
हे॒ती (hetíḥ)
weapon, dart
रु॒द्रस्य (rudrásya)
of Rudra
वृ॒ज्याः (vr̥jyāḥ)
may avert, may turn away
Stanza 6.28.8
उपे॒दमु॑प॒पर्च॑नमा॒सु गोषूप॑ पृच्यताम् | उप॑ ऋष॒भस्य॒ रेत॒स्युपे॑न्द्र॒ तव॑ वी॒र्ये॑ ||
úpedám upapárcanam āsú góṣū́pa pr̥cyatām úpa r̥ṣabhásya rétasy úpendra táva vīryè
Let this close mixture be joined with the cows, with the bull's seed, and with your might, Indra.
This verse is a prayer for divine integration. It asks for a beneficial mixture or union ('upaparcana') to be infused into the cows, the bull's vital essence ('retas'), and crucially, into Indra's own might and power. It seeks a merging of divine strength with the earthly and the bovine.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. न्द्र इदमुप- पर्च- úpa idám upapárcanam (8 syllables)
- B. आसु गोषू न्द्र पृच्यताम् āsú góṣu úpa pr̥cyatām (8 syllables)
- C. न्द्र ऋष॒भस्य रे॒तस्युपे úpa r̥ṣabhásya rétasi (8 syllables)
- D. न्द्र - तव वी॒र्ये úpa indra táva vīryè (8 syllables)
न्द्र (úpa)
up, into
इदमुप- (idám)
this
पर्च- (upapárcanam)
close admixture, mingling
आसु (āsú)
in these
गोषू (góṣu)
in the cows
न्द्र (úpa)
up, into
पृच्यताम् (pr̥cyatām)
may be mingled, may be joined
न्द्र (úpa)
up, into
ऋष॒भस्य (r̥ṣabhásya)
of the bull
रे॒तस्युपे (rétasi)
in the seed, in the essence
न्द्र (úpa)
up, into
- (indra)
Indra
तव (táva)
your
वी॒र्ये (vīryè)
in might, in power