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Stanza 5.74.1
कूष्ठो॑ देवावश्विना॒द्या दि॒वो म॑नावसू | तच्छ्र॑वथो वृषण्वसू॒ अत्रि॑र्वा॒मा वि॑वासति ||
kū́ṣṭho devāv aśvinādyā́ divó manāvasū tác chravatho vr̥ṣaṇvasū átrir vām ā́ vivāsati
Where are you two today in the sky, O Gods, O Ashvins, who possess constancy? Hear this, O strong ones, for Atri invites you.
The sage Atri, a devotee, calls out to the divine twin Ashwin brothers, addressed as "O Gods" and "O Ashvins," asking where they are today in the heavens. He implores them, using terms like "rich in constancy" and "excellent as steers," to hear his call and come to him, indicating his desire for their presence and favor.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. कू स्थः देवाव अश्विना kū́ sthaḥ devau aśvinā (8 syllables)
- B. द्या दिवो मनावसू adyá + diváḥ manāvasū (8 syllables)
- C. तच्छ्र अवथो वृषण्वसू tát śravathaḥ vr̥ṣaṇvasū (8 syllables)
- D. अत्रिः वामा विवासति व átriḥ vām ā́ vivāsati (8 syllables)
कू (kū́)
where
स्थः (sthaḥ)
you two are
देवाव (devau)
O gods
अश्विना (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
द्या (adyá +)
today
दिवो (diváḥ)
of the sky
मनावसू (manāvasū)
possessing constancy/riches
तच्छ्र (tát)
that
अवथो (śravathaḥ)
may you two hear
वृषण्वसू (vr̥ṣaṇvasū)
strong and rich ones
अत्रिः (átriḥ)
Atri
वामा (vām)
you two
विवासति (ā́)
here
व (vivāsati)
invites/dwells with
Stanza 5.74.2
कुह॒ त्या कुह॒ नु श्रु॒ता दि॒वि दे॒वा नास॑त्या | कस्मि॒न्ना य॑तथो॒ जने॒ को वां॑ न॒दीनां॒ सचा॑ ||
kúha tyā́ kúha nú śrutā́ diví devā́ nā́satyā kásminn ā́ yatatho jáne kó vāṁ nadī́nāṁ sácā
Where are they now? Where are they heard of in the sky, O divine Nasatyas? To which people do you two travel? Who among men is with you?
The poet continues to question the whereabouts of the divine twins, the Ashvins (also called Nasatyas). He asks where they are now, where they are heard of in the sky, and to which human being or community they are directing their attention or journey. He seeks to know who among the people is in their company or favor.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. कुह त्या कुह नु श्रुता kúha tyā́ kúha nú śrutā́ (8 syllables)
- B. दिवि देवा नासत्या diví devā́ nā́satyā (8 syllables)
- C. कस्मिन्ना य तथो जने kásmin ā́ yatathaḥ jáne (8 syllables)
- D. को वां नदीनां सचा káḥ vām nadī́nām sácā (8 syllables)
कुह (kúha)
where
त्या (tyā́)
they
कुह (kúha)
where
नु (nú)
now
श्रुता (śrutā́)
heard of
दिवि (diví)
in the sky
देवा (devā́)
O gods
नासत्या (nā́satyā)
O Nasatyas (Ashvins)
कस्मिन्ना (kásmin)
in which
य (ā́)
to
तथो (yatathaḥ)
you two travel/go
जने (jáne)
among people/men
को (káḥ)
who
वां (vām)
of you two
नदीनां (nadī́nām)
among men/people (lit. among streams)
सचा (sácā)
together/with
Stanza 5.74.3
कं या॑थः॒ कं ह॑ गच्छथः॒ कमच्छा॑ युञ्जाथे॒ रथ॑म् | कस्य॒ ब्रह्मा॑णि रण्यथो व॒यं वा॑मुश्मसी॒ष्टये॑ ||
káṁ yāthaḥ káṁ ha gachathaḥ kám áchā yuñjāthe rátham kásya bráhmāṇi raṇyatho vayáṁ vām uśmasīṣṭáye
Whom do you two visit? Whom do you approach? Towards whom do you direct your harnessed chariot? Whose praises do you enjoy? We desire you for our benefit.
The poet continues his inquiry, asking the Ashvins who they are going to visit or approach. He asks which person they are directing their harnessed chariot towards and whose prayers or hymns they are pleased with. The poet expresses his own desire, stating that "we" (referring to himself and perhaps his community) long for them to come and provide support or favor for their endeavors.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. कमच्छा याथः कमच्छा ह गच्छथः kám yāthaḥ kám ha gachathaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. कमच्छा यु ञ्जाथे रThm kám ácha + yuñjāthe rátham (8 syllables)
- C. कस्य ब्रह्माणि रण्यथो kásya bráhmāṇi raṇyathaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. वयं वां उश्मसी इष्टये vayám vām uśmasi iṣṭáye (8 syllables)
कमच्छा (kám)
whom
याथः (yāthaḥ)
you two go
कमच्छा (kám)
whom
ह (ha)
indeed
गच्छथः (gachathaḥ)
you two go/approach
कमच्छा (kám)
whom
यु (ácha +)
towards
ञ्जाथे (yuñjāthe)
you two harness/yoke
रThm (rátham)
chariot
कस्य (kásya)
of whom
ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi)
praises/prayers
रण्यथो (raṇyathaḥ)
you two enjoy/are pleased with
वयं (vayám)
we
वां (vām)
you two
उश्मसी (uśmasi)
we desire/wish for
इष्टये (iṣṭáye)
for benefit/desire
Stanza 5.74.4
पौ॒रं चि॒द्ध्यु॑द॒प्रुतं॒ पौर॑ पौ॒राय॒ जिन्व॑थः | यदीं॑ गृभी॒तता॑तये सिं॒हमि॑व द्रु॒हस्प॒दे ||
pauráṁ cid dhy ùdaprútam paúra paurā́ya jínvathaḥ yád īṁ gr̥bhītátātaye siṁhám iva druhás padé
O Strengtheners, you stir the moving water for Paura and Pauraya. As a lion moves into an ambush, you advance to be seized or to seize.
The hymn addresses the Ashvins as "strengtheners" and describes their action of stirring or moving something like a boat in water, referred to as "udaprutam." They are urged to move for "Paura" and "Pauraya," perhaps indicating people or places. The verse then uses a simile, comparing their action to a lion moving towards a trap or ambush, implying a decisive and possibly predatory movement for some purpose, possibly related to aiding someone or capturing something.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. पौ चिद् ध्यु दप्रुतं paurám cit hí udaprútam (8 syllables)
- B. पौर पौराय जिन्वथः paúrā =! paurā́ya jínvathaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. यदीं गृ भी yát īm gr̥bhītátātaye (8 syllables)
- D. सिं हमि व द siṃhám iva druháḥ padé (8 syllables)
पौ (paurám)
for Paura
चिद् (cit)
indeed
ध्यु (hí)
indeed
दप्रुतं (udaprútam)
moving in water, a boat
पौर (paúrā =!)
O Paura (addressed)
पौराय (paurā́ya)
for Pauraya
जिन्वथः (jínvathaḥ)
you two move/animate
यदीं (yát)
that which
गृ (īm)
him/it
भी (gr̥bhītátātaye)
for the purpose of being seized/captured
सिं (siṃhám)
lion
हमि (iva)
like
व (druháḥ)
of the ambush/trap
द (padé)
in the place
Stanza 5.74.5
प्र च्यवा॑नाज्जुजु॒रुषो॑ व॒व्रिमत्कं॒ न मु॑ञ्चथः | युवा॒ यदी॑ कृ॒थः पुन॒रा काम॑मृण्वे व॒ध्वः॑ ||
prá cyávānāj jujurúṣo vavrím átkaṁ ná muñcathaḥ yúvā yádī kr̥tháḥ púnar ā́ kā́mam r̥ṇve vadhvàḥ
You remove from the aged Chyavana his worn-out skin, like a garment. When you made him young again, he stirred the desire of a bride.
The hymn describes the Ashvins' power to rejuvenate. It states that they removed the aged skin from Chyavana, who was worn out by age, just as one removes an outer garment. This act made him young again, causing him to inspire desire, perhaps in a woman ('vadhvah'). This illustrates the Ashvins' ability to restore youth and vitality.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. प्र च्यवा नाज्जु prá cyávānāt jujurúṣaḥ (8 syllables)
- B. जु रुषो व व्रिमत्कं vavrím átkam ná muñcathaḥ (8 syllables)
- C. न मुञ्चथः युवा यदि yúvā yádi + kr̥tháḥ púnar (8 syllables)
- D. कृथः पुन आ काम ā́ kā́mam r̥ṇve vadhvàḥ (8 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forth
च्यवा (cyávānāt)
from Chyavana
नाज्जु (jujurúṣaḥ)
worn out by age
जु (vavrím)
skin
रुषो (átkam)
garment
व (ná)
like
व्रिमत्कं (muñcathaḥ)
you two release/remove
न (yúvā)
you two
मुञ्चथः (yádi +)
when
युवा (kr̥tháḥ)
you two made/did
यदि (púnar)
again
कृथः (ā́)
towards
पुन (kā́mam)
desire
आ (r̥ṇve)
stirred/moved
काम (vadhvàḥ)
of the bride
Stanza 5.74.6
अस्ति॒ हि वा॑मि॒ह स्तो॒ता स्मसि॑ वां सं॒दृशि॑ श्रि॒ये | नू श्रु॒तं म॒ आ ग॑त॒मवो॑भिर्वाजिनीवसू ||
ásti hí vām ihá stotā́ smási vāṁ saṁdŕ̥śi śriyé nū́ śrutám ma ā́ gatam ávobhir vājinīvasū
Indeed, there is a singer of yours here. We are here to behold your glory. Come to me quickly with your help, O Ashvins, rich in wealth and power.
The poet declares that there is a singer or praiser of the Ashvins present, indicating his own role. He states that they are here to witness the glory ('śriye') of the divine twins. He then directly implores the Ashvins to come to him quickly, bringing their helpful powers ('avobhiḥ'), addressing them as 'vājinīvasū' (rich in wealth and power), signifying their abundance and capability to assist.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. अस्ति हि स्मसि मि ह ásti hí vām ihá stotā́ (8 syllables)
- B. स्तोता स्मसि वा सं smási vām saṃdŕ̥śi śriyé (8 syllables)
- C. दृशि श्रिये नू श्रुतं मे nú + śrutám me ā́ gatam (8 syllables)
- D. आ ग ávobhiḥ vājinīvasū (8 syllables)
अस्ति (ásti)
is
हि (hí)
indeed
स्मसि (vām)
of you two
मि (ihá)
here
ह (stotā́)
singer/praiser
स्तोता (smási)
we are
स्मसि (vām)
of you two
वा (saṃdŕ̥śi)
in sight/vision
सं (śriyé)
for glory/splendor
दृशि (nú +)
now
श्रिये (śrutám)
listen/hear (imperative)
नू (me)
to me
श्रुतं (ā́)
come
मे (gatam)
come (imperative)
आ (ávobhiḥ)
with help/aid
ग (vājinīvasū)
O Ashvins rich in wealth and power
Stanza 5.74.7
को वा॑म॒द्य पु॑रू॒णामा व॑व्ने॒ मर्त्या॑नाम् | को विप्रो॑ विप्रवाहसा॒ को य॒ज्ञैर्वा॑जिनीवसू ||
kó vām adyá purūṇā́m ā́ vavne mártyānām kó vípro vipravāhasā kó yajñaír vājinīvasū
Who among many men has won you today? Who is the poet who pleases you? Who, O Ashvins, with sacrifices?
The poet poses a series of questions to the Ashvins, asking who among many mortals has won their favor today. He inquires what poet or bard ('viprah') has gained their attention, and who, through sacrifices ('yajñaiḥ'), has attracted them. This emphasizes the desire of humans to gain the favor and assistance of the divine Ashvins through devotion and offerings.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. को वा अद्य पु káḥ vām adyá purūṇā́m (8 syllables)
- B. रू णामा व ā́ vavne mártyānām (8 syllables)
- C. को मर्त्या ना káḥ vípraḥ vipravāhasā (8 syllables)
- D. को विप्र प्र káḥ yajñaíḥ vājinīvasū (8 syllables)
को (káḥ)
who
वा (vām)
you two
अद्य (adyá)
today
पु (purūṇā́m)
of many
रू (ā́)
to
णामा (vavne)
has won
व (mártyānām)
of mortal men
को (káḥ)
who
मर्त्या (vípraḥ)
poet/bard
ना (vipravāhasā)
O bearers of the poet's praise (addressed to Ashvins)
को (káḥ)
who
विप्र (yajñaíḥ)
with sacrifices
प्र (vājinīvasū)
O Ashvins rich in wealth and power
Stanza 5.74.8
आ वां॒ रथो॒ रथा॑नां॒ येष्ठो॑ यात्वश्विना | पु॒रू चि॑दस्म॒युस्ति॒र आ॑ङ्गू॒षो मर्त्ये॒ष्वा ||
ā́ vāṁ rátho ráthānāṁ yéṣṭho yātv aśvinā purū́ cid asmayús tirá āṅgūṣó mártyeṣv ā́
O Ashvins, may your best chariot approach us. May our praise, pleasing to many, spread through many regions among mortals.
The poet invokes the Ashvins, asking for their best chariot ('yeṣṭho rathaḥ') to approach. This chariot is described as the most excellent among chariots, implying speed and power. He desires that their praise ('aṅgūṣaḥ'), which is attractive to mortals ('asmāyuḥ' - not averse to us), may extend through many regions ('purū') among people. This expresses a wish for the Ashvins' divine influence and blessings to reach widely.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. चि वां रथः रथा ā́ vām ráthaḥ ráthānām (8 syllables)
- B. ना येष्ठो या yéṣṭhaḥ yātu aśvinā (8 syllables)
- C. त्व अ ना purú + cit asmayúḥ tirás (8 syllables)
- D. पु रू चि āṅgūṣáḥ mártyeṣu ā́ (8 syllables)
चि (ā́)
here/to
वां (vām)
your
रथः (ráthaḥ)
chariot
रथा (ráthānām)
of chariots
ना (yéṣṭhaḥ)
best/most excellent
येष्ठो (yātu)
may it come
या (aśvinā)
O Ashvins
त्व (purú +)
many
अ (cit)
indeed
(asmayúḥ)
ना (tirás)
through/across
पु (āṅgūṣáḥ)
praise/song
रू (mártyeṣu)
among mortals
चि (ā́)
here/to
Stanza 5.74.9
शमू॒ षु वां॑ मधूयुवा॒स्माक॑मस्तु चर्कृ॒तिः | अ॒र्वा॒ची॒ना वि॑चेतसा॒ विभिः॑ श्ये॒नेव॑ दीयतम् ||
śám ū ṣú vām madhūyuvāsmā́kam astu carkr̥tíḥ arvācīnā́ vicetasā víbhiḥ śyenéva dīyatam
May our praise, O lovers of sweetness, be pleasant to you. Come swiftly, O wise ones, like falcons with your steeds.
The poet wishes that their praise ('carkṛtiḥ'), offered to the Ashvins who are lovers of sweetness ('madhūyuvā'), may be agreeable to them. He then urges the Ashvins, described as wise ('vicetasā'), to come swiftly ('dīyatam') like falcons ('śyenā iva') with their swift steeds ('vibhiḥ'). This is a plea for the Ashvins' swift arrival and their positive reception of the hymns of praise.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. शमू ष सु वा मधू śám u + sú vām madhūyuvā (8 syllables)
- B. युवा स्मा क asmā́kam astu carkr̥tíḥ (8 syllables)
- C. म स्तु arvācīnā́ vicetasā (8 syllables)
- D. च र्कृ तिः अ víbhiḥ śyenā́ iva dīyatam (8 syllables)
शमू (śám)
pleasant/auspicious
ष (u +)
and
सु (sú)
well
वा (vām)
to you two
मधू (madhūyuvā)
O lovers of sweetness
युवा (asmā́kam)
our
स्मा (astu)
may it be
क (carkr̥tíḥ)
praise/exaltation
म (arvācīnā́)
coming hither
स्तु (vicetasā)
O wise ones
च (víbhiḥ)
with steeds/wings
र्कृ (śyenā́)
like falcons
तिः (iva)
like
अ (dīyatam)
come swiftly
Stanza 5.74.10
अश्वि॑ना॒ यद्ध॒ कर्हि॑ चिच्छुश्रू॒यात॑मि॒मं हव॑म् | वस्वी॑रू॒ षु वां॒ भुजः॑ पृ॒ञ्चन्ति॒ सु वां॒ पृचः॑ ||
áśvinā yád dha kárhi cic chuśrūyā́tam imáṁ hávam vásvīr ū ṣú vām bhújaḥ pr̥ñcánti sú vām pŕ̥caḥ
O Ashvins, whenever you listen to this call of mine, excellent foods are prepared for you; your powers mix nourishment for you.
The poet asks the Ashvins if they will ever listen to his call. He states that for them ('vām'), delightful foods ('vāsīr') are prepared, and their powers ('bhujah') mix or offer nourishing substances ('prichanti'). This suggests that the Ashvins are honored with offerings and that their own nature is to provide sustenance and blessings in return.
Meter: Anushtubh
- A. अश्वि ना य द्ध कर्हि áśvinā yát ha kárhi cit (8 syllables)
- B. चि शुश्रू या śuśrūyā́tam imám hávam (8 syllables)
- C. तम इ रू ष व vásvīḥ u + sú vām bhújaḥ (8 syllables)
- D. स्वी रू ष ु pr̥ñcánti sú vām pŕ̥caḥ (8 syllables)
अश्वि (áśvinā)
O Ashvins
ना (yát)
when
य (ha)
indeed
द्ध (kárhi)
ever
कर्हि (cit)
indeed
चि (śuśrūyā́tam)
you two listen
शुश्रू (imám)
this
या (hávam)
call/invocation
तम (vásvīḥ)
excellent/wealthy
इ (u +)
and
रू (sú)
well
ष (vām)
for you two
व (bhújaḥ)
powers/limbs
स्वी (pr̥ñcánti)
they mix/distribute
रू (sú)
well
ष (vām)
for you two
ु (pŕ̥caḥ)
nourishing mixtures