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Stanza 5.44.1
तं प्र॒त्नथा॑ पू॒र्वथा॑ वि॒श्वथे॒मथा॑ ज्ये॒ष्ठता॑तिं बर्हि॒षदं॑ स्व॒र्विद॑म् | प्र॒ती॒ची॒नं वृ॒जनं॑ दोहसे गि॒राशुं जय॑न्त॒मनु॒ यासु॒ वर्ध॑से ||
tám pratnáthā pūrváthā viśváthemáthā jyeṣṭhátātim barhiṣádaṁ svarvídam pratīcīnáṁ vr̥jánaṁ dohase girā́śúṁ jáyantam ánu yā́su várdhase
To you, anciently, in the old way, universally, and now, with praise, you draw forth the greatest glory, the dweller on the sacred grass, the finder of light. Swiftly conquering, you grow strong in the plants that sustain you.
This verse addresses a divine being, likely the god Indra or Agni, who is invoked as being ancient, powerful, and the source of prosperity. The prayer asks for this deity's favor, recognizing their role in upholding cosmic order and bestowing blessings. The deity is described as being seated on sacred grass, finding light, and growing strong, implying their connection to ritual and divine power.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तं प्र॒त्नथा॑ पू॒र्वथा॑ वि॒श्वथा॑ इ॒मथा॑ tám pratnáthā pūrváthā viśváthā imáthā (12 syllables)
- B. ज्ये॒ष्ठता॑तिं बर्हि॒षदं॑ स्व॒र्विद॑म् jyeṣṭḥátātim barhiṣádam svarvídam (12 syllables)
- C. प्र॒ती॒ची॒नं वृ॒जनं॑ दो॒हसे गि॒राशुं pratīcīnám vr̥jánam dohase girā́ (12 syllables)
- D. जयन्त॒मनु यासु वर्धसे āśúm jáyantam ánu yā́su várdhase (12 syllables)
तं (tám)
him, that one
प्र॒त्नथा॑ (pratnáthā)
in the ancient way
पू॒र्वथा॑ (pūrváthā)
in the former way
वि॒श्वथा॑ (viśváthā)
universally, in all ways
इ॒मथा॑ (imáthā)
in this way, now
ज्ये॒ष्ठता॑तिं (jyeṣṭḥátātim)
the greatest glory, pre-eminence
बर्हि॒षदं॑ (barhiṣádam)
dweller on the sacred grass
स्व॒र्विद॑म् (svarvídam)
finder of light, establisher of heaven
प्र॒ती॒ची॒नं (pratīcīnám)
turned towards, facing
वृ॒जनं॑ (vr̥jánam)
strength, power
दो॒हसे (dohase)
you draw forth, milk out
गि॒राशुं (girā́)
with song, with praise
जयन्त॒मनु (āśúm)
swift
यासु (jáyantam)
conquering
वर्धसे (ánu)
following, according to
(yā́su)
in which
(várdhase)
you grow, you increase
Stanza 5.44.2
श्रि॒ये सु॒दृशी॒रुप॑रस्य॒ याः स्व॑र्वि॒रोच॑मानः क॒कुभा॑मचो॒दते॑ | सु॒गो॒पा अ॑सि॒ न दभा॑य सुक्रतो प॒रो मा॒याभि॑र्ऋ॒त आ॑स॒ नाम॑ ते ||
śriyé sudŕ̥śīr úparasya yā́ḥ svàr virócamānaḥ kakúbhām acodáte sugopā́ asi ná dábhāya sukrato paró māyā́bhir r̥tá āsa nā́ma te
For beauty, you appear with the best visions, shining with the heavens, you are the peak of glory. You are a good guardian, not to be deceived, O wise one! Your name resides beyond illusions, established in the cosmic order.
This verse describes a radiant divine entity, possibly Surya (the sun god) or a similar luminous deity, as a protective guardian. It speaks of the deity's brilliant appearance and its presence in the celestial and earthly realms. The prayer acknowledges the deity's wisdom and their inherent truthfulness, stating that their name is established in cosmic order (Rta) and is beyond deception.
Meter: Jagati
- A. श्रि॒ये सु॒दृशी॒रुप॑ रस्य याः स्व॒र् śriyé sudŕ̥śīḥ úparasya yā́ḥ svàr (12 syllables)
- B. वि॒रोच॑मानः क॒कुभा॑म अचो॒ते virócamānaḥ kakúbhām acodáte (12 syllables)
- C. सु॒गो॒पा असि न दभा॑य सुक्रतो sugopā́ḥ asi ná dábhāya sukrato (12 syllables)
- D. प॒रो माया॑भिर् ऋ॒ते आ॑स ना॒म ते parás māyā́bhiḥ r̥té āsa nā́ma te (12 syllables)
श्रि॒ये (śriyé)
for beauty, for splendor
सु॒दृशी॒रुप॑ (sudŕ̥śīḥ)
good to see, beautiful visions
रस्य (úparasya)
of the upper, of the sky
याः (yā́ḥ)
which, these
स्व॒र् (svàr)
heaven, light
वि॒रोच॑मानः (virócamānaḥ)
shining brightly
क॒कुभा॑म (kakúbhām)
of the peaks, of the glories
अचो॒ते (acodáte)
associated with, belonging to
सु॒गो॒पा (sugopā́ḥ)
good guardian
असि (asi)
you are
न (ná)
not
दभा॑य (dábhāya)
for deception
सुक्रतो (sukrato)
O wise one, O skillful one
प॒रो (parás)
beyond, far
माया॑भिर् (māyā́bhiḥ)
by illusions, by magic
ऋ॒ते (r̥té)
in the cosmic order, in truth
आ॑स (āsa)
it existed, it resided
ना॒म (nā́ma)
name
ते (te)
your
Stanza 5.44.3
अत्यं॑ ह॒विः स॑चते॒ सच्च॒ धातु॒ चारि॑ष्टगातुः॒ स होता॑ सहो॒भरिः॑ | प्र॒सर्स्रा॑णो॒ अनु॑ ब॒र्हिर्वृषा॒ शिशु॒र्मध्ये॒ युवा॒जरो॑ वि॒स्रुहा॑ हि॒तः ||
átyaṁ havíḥ sacate sác ca dhā́tu cā́riṣṭagātuḥ sá hótā sahobháriḥ prasársrāṇo ánu barhír vŕ̥ṣā śíśur mádhye yúvājáro visrúhā hitáḥ
The offering, present and future, is followed by the 'hotar' (priest) who carries strength. Moving freely, he is like a bull, a child, a youth, eternally young. He is placed among the divine grass.
This verse describes a powerful, active entity, likely a divine priest or a force of nature, that is always present and moving. It is described as the 'hotar' (offering priest) and a 'sahobhari' (one who carries strength), who moves effortlessly and powerfully like a bull, like a youth, and yet is eternally youthful. This entity is associated with sacred offerings and moving along the sacred grass.
Meter: Jagati
- A. अत्यं ह॒विः स॑चते स॒त् च धा॒तु च átyam havíḥ sacate sát ca dhā́tu ca (12 syllables)
- B. चारि॑ष्टगातुः स होता सहो॒भरिः áriṣṭagātuḥ sá hótā sahobháriḥ (12 syllables)
- C. प्र॒सर्स्रा॑णो अनु ब॒र्हि वृ॒षा शिशुः prasársrāṇaḥ ánu barhíḥ vŕ̥ṣā śíśuḥ (12 syllables)
- D. म॒ध्ये यु॒वा अ॒जरो वि॒स्रुहा॑ हि॒तः mádhye yúvā ajáraḥ visrúhā hitáḥ (12 syllables)
अत्यं (átyam)
the offering, the sacrifice
ह॒विः (havíḥ)
oblation, offering
स॑चते (sacate)
it follows
स॒त् (sát)
present, existing
च (ca)
and
धा॒तु (dhā́tu)
future, that which is established
च (ca)
and
चारि॑ष्टगातुः (áriṣṭagātuḥ)
one whose path is unimpeded, moving freely
स (sá)
he, that one
होता (hótā)
offering priest
सहो॒भरिः (sahobháriḥ)
one who carries strength together, strong supporter
प्र॒सर्स्रा॑णो (prasársrāṇaḥ)
flowing forth, moving swiftly
अनु (ánu)
along, following
ब॒र्हि (barhíḥ)
sacred grass
वृ॒षा (vŕ̥ṣā)
bull, strong one
शिशुः (śíśuḥ)
child
म॒ध्ये (mádhye)
in the midst of
यु॒वा (yúvā)
youth
अ॒जरो (ajáraḥ)
unaging, eternal
वि॒स्रुहा॑ (visrúhā)
with strong flowing, through diffusion
हि॒तः (hitáḥ)
placed, established
Stanza 5.44.4
प्र व॑ ए॒ते सु॒युजो॒ याम॑न्नि॒ष्टये॒ नीची॑र॒मुष्मै॑ य॒म्य॑ ऋता॒वृधः॑ | सु॒यन्तु॑भिः सर्वशा॒सैर॒भीशु॑भिः॒ क्रिवि॒र्नामा॑नि प्रव॒णे मु॑षायति ||
prá va eté suyújo yā́mann iṣṭáye nī́cīr amúṣmai yamyà r̥tāvŕ̥dhaḥ suyántubhiḥ sarvaśāsaír abhī́śubhiḥ krívir nā́māni pravaṇé muṣāyati
These, well-yoked, come to you for the ritual. Downward-moving powers, strengthening the cosmic order, come for him. With easily guided and all-commanding reins, the 'Krivi' (a being or force) steals names in the descent.
This verse invokes divine forces or beings that are well-yoked and moving towards a specific goal, 'ishtaye' (for the offering or desire). These forces are described as bringing down or guiding the 'nicira' (downward-moving) aspects of the 'Rta' (cosmic order) for a particular recipient. They are guided by reins ('abhishu') and possess all-controlling powers ('sarvashasai'), ultimately affecting or concealing something ('mushayati') in a place of descent ('pravane').
Meter: Jagati
- A. प्र व ए॒ते सु॒युजो यामन्नि ष्ट॒ये prá vaḥ eté suyújaḥ yā́man iṣṭáye (12 syllables)
- B. नीची॑ अ॒मुष्मै॑ यम्य॑ ऋता॒वृधः॑ nī́cīḥ amúṣmai yamyàḥ r̥tāvŕ̥dhaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. सु॒यन्तु॑भिः सर्वशा॒सै र॒भीशु॑भिः suyántubhiḥ sarvaśāsaíḥ abhī́śubhiḥ (12 syllables)
- D. क्रिविः ना॒मानि प्रव॒णे मु॒षायति kríviḥ nā́māni pravaṇé muṣāyati (12 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward, forth
व (vaḥ)
for you (plural)
ए॒ते (eté)
these
सु॒युजो (suyújaḥ)
well-yoked
यामन्नि (yā́man)
in the course, in the movement
ष्ट॒ये (iṣṭáye)
for the offering, for the desire
नीची॑ (nī́cīḥ)
downward-moving
अ॒मुष्मै॑ (amúṣmai)
for him, for that one
यम्य॑ (yamyàḥ)
binding, controlling
ऋता॒वृधः॑ (r̥tāvŕ̥dhaḥ)
strengthening the cosmic order
सु॒यन्तु॑भिः (suyántubhiḥ)
with good guides, easily guided
सर्वशा॒सै (sarvaśāsaíḥ)
with all-commanding, controlling all
र॒भीशु॑भिः (abhī́śubhiḥ)
with reins, with guiding ropes
क्रिविः (kríviḥ)
a swift mover, a being (often hostile or swift)
ना॒मानि (nā́māni)
names
प्रव॒णे (pravaṇé)
in the descent, in the downward flow
मु॒षायति (muṣāyati)
steals, conceals
Stanza 5.44.5
सं॒जर्भु॑राण॒स्तरु॑भिः सुते॒गृभं॑ वया॒किनं॑ चि॒त्तग॑र्भासु सु॒स्वरुः॑ | धा॒र॒वा॒केष्वृ॑जुगाथ शोभसे॒ वर्ध॑स्व॒ पत्नी॑र॒भि जी॒वो अ॑ध्व॒रे ||
saṁjárbhurāṇas tárubhiḥ sutegŕ̥bhaṁ vayākínaṁ cittágarbhāsu susváruḥ dhāravākéṣv r̥jugātha śobhase várdhasva pátnīr abhí jīvó adhvaré
O beautiful singer, moving with strength among the manifest, you grasp the Soma plant. You shine straight, O singer! Grow and increase, O life-force, towards the consorts in the sacrifice.
This verse describes a vibrant and active divine entity, a 'susvaruḥ' (beautiful singer), who shines brightly amidst 'cittagarbhasu' (visibly pregnant or manifest beings). It moves with 'tarubhih' (strength) and grasps the 'sutegrbham' (plant of Soma juice), being 'vayakinam' (adorned or energetic). The prayer addresses this entity as 'Rjugatha' (straight-moving singer) and asks it to increase and grow, especially in relation to the 'patniḥ' (consorts) and 'jivah' (life-force) in the sacrifice ('adhvare').
Meter: Jagati
- A. सं॒जर्भु॑राणः त॒रु॒भिः सुते॒गृभं॑ saṃjárbhurāṇaḥ tárubhiḥ sutegŕ̥bham (12 syllables)
- B. वया॒किनं चि॒त्तग॑र्भासु सु॒स्वरुः॑ vayākínam cittágarbhāsu susváruḥ (12 syllables)
- C. धा॒र॒वा॒केष्वृ॑ जु॒गाथ शो॒भसे dhāravākéṣu r̥jugātha śobhase (12 syllables)
- D. वर्ध॑स्व प॒त्नी अ॒भि जी॒वो अ॒ध्व॒रे várdhasva pátnīḥ abhí jīváḥ adhvaré (12 syllables)
सं॒जर्भु॑राणः (saṃjárbhurāṇaḥ)
grasping together, embracing
त॒रु॒भिः (tárubhiḥ)
with strength, with plants
सुते॒गृभं॑ (sutegŕ̥bham)
the Soma plant, the plant that grasps the juice
वया॒किनं (vayākínam)
adorned, energetic, 'branching'
चि॒त्तग॑र्भासु (cittágarbhāsu)
in those with visible wombs, in the manifest
सु॒स्वरुः॑ (susváruḥ)
beautiful singer, well-sounding
धा॒र॒वा॒केष्वृ॑ (dhāravākéṣu)
in streams, in flows (of Soma)
जु॒गाथ (r̥jugātha)
O straight-moving singer
शो॒भसे (śobhase)
you shine, you adorn
वर्ध॑स्व (várdhasva)
grow, increase
प॒त्नी (pátnīḥ)
consorts, ladies
अ॒भि (abhí)
towards, upon
जी॒वो (jīváḥ)
life, living being
अ॒ध्व॒रे (adhvaré)
in the sacrifice, in the ritual
Stanza 5.44.6
या॒दृगे॒व ददृ॑शे ता॒दृगु॑च्यते॒ सं छा॒यया॑ दधिरे सि॒ध्रया॒प्स्वा | म॒हीम॒स्मभ्य॑मुरु॒षामु॒रु ज्रयो॑ बृ॒हत्सु॒वीर॒मन॑पच्युतं॒ सहः॑ ||
yādŕ̥g evá dádr̥śe tādŕ̥g ucyate sáṁ chāyáyā dadhire sidhráyāpsv ā́ mahī́m asmábhyam uruṣā́m urú jráyo br̥hát suvī́ram ánapacyutaṁ sáhaḥ
As it is seen, so it is said to be. With radiant power, it was established in the waters. Grant us, O great one, ample and invincible strength and prosperity, with abundant heroes.
This verse reflects on the nature of a divine being, stating that it is exactly as it appears. This being has been established in the waters with powerful radiance. The prayer asks for this being to bestow upon the worshippers broad, expansive, and invincible strength and prosperity, along with many heroic offspring. The emphasis is on the unchangeable and potent nature of the deity's presence and gifts.
Meter: Jagati
- A. या॒दृगे ॒व ददृ॑शे ता॒दृगु॑ च्यते yādŕ̥k evá dádr̥śe tādŕ̥k ucyate (12 syllables)
- B. सं छा॒यया॑ दधिरे सि॒ध्रया प्स्वा आ sám chāyáyā dadhire sidhráyā apsú ā́ (12 syllables)
- C. म॒हीम स्मभ्य॑म रु॒षामु रु ज्रयो mahī́m asmábhyam uruṣā́m urú jráyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. बृ॒हत् सु॒वीर॒मन॑ पच्युतं सहः br̥hát suvī́ram ánapacyutam sáhaḥ (12 syllables)
या॒दृगे (yādŕ̥k)
as, like
॒व (evá)
indeed, so
ददृ॑शे (dádr̥śe)
it was seen, it appeared
ता॒दृगु॑ (tādŕ̥k)
so, like that
च्यते (ucyate)
it is said
सं (sám)
together, with
छा॒यया॑ (chāyáyā)
with radiance, with splendor
दधिरे (dadhire)
they placed, they established
सि॒ध्रया (sidhráyā)
effectively, successfully
प्स्वा (apsú)
in the waters
आ (ā́)
on, upon
म॒हीम (mahī́m)
great, vast
स्मभ्य॑म (asmábhyam)
for us
रु॒षामु (uruṣā́m)
wide, ample
रु (urú)
wide, spacious
ज्रयो (jráyaḥ)
expanse, extent
बृ॒हत् (br̥hát)
great, large
सु॒वीर॒मन॑ (suvī́ram)
with many heroes, heroic
पच्युतं (ánapacyutam)
unfailing, invincible
सहः (sáhaḥ)
strength, power
Stanza 5.44.7
वेत्यग्रु॒र्जनि॑वा॒न्वा अति॒ स्पृधः॑ समर्य॒ता मन॑सा॒ सूर्यः॑ क॒विः | घ्रं॒सं रक्ष॑न्तं॒ परि॑ वि॒श्वतो॒ गय॑म॒स्माकं॒ शर्म॑ वनव॒त्स्वाव॑सुः ||
véty ágrur jánivān vā́ áti spŕ̥dhaḥ samaryatā́ mánasā sū́ryaḥ kavíḥ ghraṁsáṁ rákṣantam pári viśváto gáyam asmā́kaṁ śárma vanavat svā́vasuḥ
The wise Sun moves like a hawk, overcoming adversaries. With a focused mind, he moves beyond foes, protecting the wicked. May he grant us shelter and a home, protecting us from all sides.
This verse describes Surya (the Sun) as a wise sage who moves like a hawk, overcoming obstacles and opponents ('spṛdhaḥ'). He moves with a focused mind ('manasa') and actively opposes those who try to deceive or harm ('ghransam rakshantam'). The prayer is for Surya to grant protection ('sharma') and a secure home ('gayam') to the worshippers, keeping away any harm.
Meter: Jagati
- A. वेत्य अ॒ग्रुः जनि॑वान् वाइ अ॒ति स्पृधः॑ véti ágruḥ jánivān vaí áti spŕ̥dhaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. समर्य॒ता मन॑सा सूर्यः क॒विः samaryatā́ mánasā sū́ryaḥ kavíḥ (12 syllables)
- C. घ्रं॒सं रक्ष॑न्तं परि वि॒श्वतो गय॑म ghraṃsám rákṣantam pári viśvátas gáyam (12 syllables)
- D. अ॒स्माकं शर्म वन॒वत् स्वावसुः asmā́kam śárma vanavat svā́vasuḥ (12 syllables)
वेत्य (véti)
he moves, he goes
अ॒ग्रुः (ágruḥ)
the foremost, the leader
जनि॑वान् (jánivān)
having a spouse, united
वाइ (vaí)
indeed, verily
अ॒ति (áti)
beyond, over
स्पृधः॑ (spŕ̥dhaḥ)
adversaries, rivals
समर्य॒ता (samaryatā́)
with a battle-ready mind, with focused effort
मन॑सा (mánasā)
with the mind
सूर्यः (sū́ryaḥ)
the Sun
क॒विः (kavíḥ)
sage, seer
घ्रं॒सं (ghraṃsám)
deception, wickedness
रक्ष॑न्तं (rákṣantam)
protecting, guarding (here, opposing evil)
परि (pári)
around, on all sides
वि॒श्वतो (viśvátas)
from all sides, everywhere
गय॑म (gáyam)
home, dwelling
अ॒स्माकं (asmā́kam)
for us, our
शर्म (śárma)
shelter, protection
वन॒वत् (vanavat)
may grant, may bestow
स्वावसुः (svā́vasuḥ)
self-resplendent, possessing its own wealth
Stanza 5.44.8
ज्यायां॑सम॒स्य य॒तुन॑स्य के॒तुन॑ ऋषिस्व॒रं च॑रति॒ यासु॒ नाम॑ ते | या॒दृश्मि॒न्धायि॒ तम॑प॒स्यया॑ विद॒द्य उ॑ स्व॒यं वह॑ते॒ सो अरं॑ करत् ||
jyā́yāṁsam asyá yatúnasya ketúna r̥ṣisvaráṁ carati yā́su nā́ma te yādŕ̥śmin dhā́yi tám apasyáyā vidad yá u svayáṁ váhate só áraṁ karat
Your name is sung by the sages with their melodies, in that place where it is established for the superior mover. The one who works diligently attains it; the one who strives, he carries it forward.
This verse speaks of a hidden or divine name ('nama') that resides in a certain place ('yadrismin dhayi'). This name is sought after by the Risis (sages) with their Risisvaram (melodies) and is associated with the 'yatunasya' (mover's) superior power ('jyayamsam'). The verse also states that the one who works diligently ('apasyaya') will achieve it, and the one who strives ('yah svayam') will carry it forward.
Meter: Jagati
- A. ज्यायां॑सम अस्य य॒तुन॑स्य के॒तुन॑ jyā́yāṃsam asyá yatúnasya ketúnā (12 syllables)
- B. ऋषिस्व॒रं च॒रति या॒सु ना॒म ते r̥ṣisvarám carati yā́su nā́ma te (12 syllables)
- C. या॒दृश्मि॒न्धायि तम अ॒प॒स्यया वि॒द द्य yādŕ̥śmin dhā́yi tám apasyáyā vidat (12 syllables)
- D. उ अरं व॒हते सो उ अरं करत् yáḥ u svayám váhate sá u áram karat (12 syllables)
ज्यायां॑सम (jyā́yāṃsam)
greater, superior
अस्य (asyá)
of this
य॒तुन॑स्य (yatúnasya)
of the mover, of the swift one
के॒तुन॑ (ketúnā)
with a banner, with a sign
ऋषिस्व॒रं (r̥ṣisvarám)
sage-melody, hymn
च॒रति (carati)
he moves, he goes
या॒सु (yā́su)
in which (plural feminine)
ना॒म (nā́ma)
name
ते (te)
your
या॒दृश्मि॒न्धायि (yādŕ̥śmin)
in which, in what kind of
तम (dhā́yi)
was placed, was established
अ॒प॒स्यया (tám)
that, him
वि॒द (apasyáyā)
by work, by action
द्य (vidat)
he finds, he obtains
उ (yáḥ)
he who
अरं (u)
indeed, also
व॒हते (svayám)
himself, by oneself
सो (váhate)
he carries, he bears
उ (sá)
he, that one
अरं (u)
indeed, also
करत् (áram)
sufficient, fit, effective
(karat)
he makes, he does
Stanza 5.44.9
स॒मु॒द्रमा॑सा॒मव॑ तस्थे अग्रि॒मा न रि॑ष्यति॒ सव॑नं॒ यस्मि॒न्नाय॑ता | अत्रा॒ न हार्दि॑ क्रव॒णस्य॑ रेजते॒ यत्रा॑ म॒तिर्वि॒द्यते॑ पूत॒बन्ध॑नी ||
samudrám āsām áva tasthe agrimā́ ná riṣyati sávanaṁ yásminn ā́yatā átrā ná hā́rdi kravaṇásya rejate yátrā matír vidyáte pūtabándhanī
The foremost one resides in the vastness, and the offering does not fail. In that which is sustained, the heart does not tremble. Where pure devotion is found, it is bound.
This verse describes a powerful, protective entity that resides within the 'samudram' (ocean or vastness). This 'agrimā' (foremost one) is unwavering and ensures that the 'savanam' (offering or libation) does not fail. Even in the midst of intense activity or support ('yamin'), the heart ('hardi') of the praise-singer does not tremble ('na rejate') where true devotion ('matih') is found, bound by purity ('putabandhani').
Meter: Jagati
- A. स॒मु॒द्रमा॑ सा॒मव तस्थे अ॒ग्रिमा न samudrám āsām áva tasthe agrimā́ (12 syllables)
- B. हार्दि सव॑नं यस्मि॒न्नाय॑ ता अत्रा ná riṣyati sávanam yásmin ā́yatā (12 syllables)
- C. न हार्दि क्रव॒णस्य रेजते átra + ná hā́rdi kravaṇásya rejate (12 syllables)
- D. यत्रा म॒तिर् वि॒द्यते पूत॒बन्ध॑नी yátra + matíḥ vidyáte pūtabándhanī (12 syllables)
स॒मु॒द्रमा॑ (samudrám)
in the ocean, in the vastness
सा॒मव (āsām)
of these
तस्थे (áva)
down, away
अ॒ग्रिमा (tasthe)
he stands, he abides
न (agrimā́)
the foremost, the first
हार्दि (ná)
not
सव॑नं (riṣyati)
it perishes, it fails
यस्मि॒न्नाय॑ (sávanam)
offering, libation, pressing
ता (yásmin)
in which
अत्रा (ā́yatā)
stretched out, sustained
न (átra +)
here, in this place
हार्दि (ná)
not
क्रव॒णस्य (hā́rdi)
in the heart
रेजते (kravaṇásya)
of the sound, of the praise
(rejate)
यत्रा (yátra +)
where
म॒तिर् (matíḥ)
thought, devotion, praise
वि॒द्यते (vidyáte)
is found, is perceived
पूत॒बन्ध॑नी (pūtabándhanī)
bound by purity, pure bond
Stanza 5.44.10
स हि क्ष॒त्रस्य॑ मन॒सस्य॒ चित्ति॑भिरेवाव॒दस्य॑ यज॒तस्य॒ सध्रेः॑ | अ॒व॒त्सा॒रस्य॑ स्पृणवाम॒ रण्व॑भिः॒ शवि॑ष्ठं॒ वाजं॑ वि॒दुषा॑ चि॒दर्ध्य॑म् ||
sá hí kṣatrásya manasásya cíttibhir evāvadásya yajatásya sádhreḥ avatsārásya spr̥ṇavāma ráṇvabhiḥ śáviṣṭhaṁ vā́jaṁ vidúṣā cid árdhyam
For he is indeed the one of power, mind, knowledge, eloquence, worship, and companionship. With the sweet songs of Avatsara, let us strive to gain the greatest strength and abundance, which even the wise should achieve.
This verse identifies a divine entity as the essence of power ('Kshatra'), mind ('Manasa'), knowledge ('Chitti'), eloquence ('Evavad'), worshipfulness ('Yajata'), and companionship ('Sadhre'). The worshippers invoke this entity using the beautiful songs ('ranvabhih') of 'Avatsara' and aspire to gain the greatest ('shavishtham') strength and abundance ('vaja'), which is even sought by the wise.
Meter: Jagati
- A. स हि क्ष॒त्रस्य मन॒सस्य चि॒त्तिभि॑ sá hí kṣatrásya manasásya cíttibhiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. ए॒वाव॒दस्य य॒जतस्य स॒ध्रेः evāvadásya yajatásya sádhreḥ (11 syllables)
- C. अ॒व॒त्सा॒रस्य स्पृ॒णवाम रण्व॑भिः avatsārásya spr̥ṇavāma ráṇvabhiḥ (12 syllables)
- D. श॒विष्ठं वाजं वि॒दुषा चि॒दर्ध्य॑म् śáviṣṭham vā́jam vidúṣā cit árdhyam (12 syllables)
स (sá)
he, that one
हि (hí)
indeed, for
क्ष॒त्रस्य (kṣatrásya)
of power, of dominion
मन॒सस्य (manasásya)
of the mind
चि॒त्तिभि॑ (cíttibhiḥ)
by knowledge, by thoughts
ए॒वाव॒दस्य (evāvadásya)
of eloquent speech
य॒जतस्य (yajatásya)
of the worshipful
स॒ध्रेः (sádhreḥ)
of companionship
अ॒व॒त्सा॒रस्य (avatsārásya)
of Avatsara (a sage or name)
स्पृ॒णवाम (spr̥ṇavāma)
let us strive, let us attain
रण्व॑भिः (ráṇvabhiḥ)
with sweet songs, with joyful sounds
श॒विष्ठं (śáviṣṭham)
mightiest, most powerful
वाजं (vā́jam)
strength, abundance, food
वि॒दुषा (vidúṣā)
by one who knows, by the wise
चि॒दर्ध्य॑म् (cit)
even, indeed
(árdhyam)
to be attained, to be prospered
Stanza 5.44.11
श्ये॒न आ॑सा॒मदि॑तिः क॒क्ष्यो॒३॒॑ मदो॑ वि॒श्ववा॑रस्य यज॒तस्य॑ मा॒यिनः॑ | सम॒न्यम॑न्यमर्थय॒न्त्येत॑वे वि॒दुर्वि॒षाणं॑ परि॒पान॒मन्ति॒ ते ||
śyená āsām áditiḥ kakṣyò mádo viśvávārasya yajatásya māyínaḥ sám anyám-anyam arthayanty étave vidúr viṣā́ṇam paripā́nam ánti té
Like a hawk, it is their source, the intoxicating drink of Vishvavara, the magical and worshipful. They seek it again and again to reach it, understanding its protective essence.
This verse describes a divine entity, possibly Agni or Soma, as a potent force, like a hawk ('shyenaḥ'). It is the source ('Aditi') and intoxicating drink ('madaḥ') of the powerful and magical ('Mayinaḥ') and worshipful ('Yajata') figures like Vishvavara. The worshippers seek this divine essence repeatedly ('anyam-anyam') to reach it ('etave') and understand its benefits ('vishanam') and protective qualities ('paripanam').
Meter: Jagati
- A. श्ये॒न आ॒सा अदि॑तिः क॒क्ष्यो मदो śyenáḥ āsām áditiḥ kakṣyàḥ mádaḥ (12 syllables)
- B. वि॒श्ववा॑रस्य य॒जतस्य मा॒यिनः॑ viśvávārasya yajatásya māyínaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. स॒म न्यम॑न्यम अर्थय॒न्त्येत॑वे वि॒दुः sám anyám-anyam arthayanti étave (12 syllables)
- D. वि॒षाणं परि॒पान॒मन्ति ते vidúḥ viṣā́ṇam paripā́nam ánti té (12 syllables)
श्ये॒न (śyenáḥ)
hawk
आ॒सा (āsām)
of these
अदि॑तिः (áditiḥ)
boundlessness, inexhaustible source
क॒क्ष्यो (kakṣyàḥ)
girth, belt, encircling
मदो (mádaḥ)
intoxication, joy, exhilaration
वि॒श्ववा॑रस्य (viśvávārasya)
of the one who protects all
य॒जतस्य (yajatásya)
of the worshipful
मा॒यिनः॑ (māyínaḥ)
of the magical, the weaver of illusions
स॒म (sám)
together, fully
न्यम॑न्यम (anyám-anyam)
one after another, repeatedly
अर्थय॒न्त्येत॑वे (arthayanti)
they seek, they desire
वि॒दुः (étave)
to go, to reach
वि॒षाणं (vidúḥ)
they know
परि॒पान॒मन्ति (viṣā́ṇam)
protection, essence, antidote
ते (paripā́nam)
that which protects all around, complete protection
(ánti)
near, approaching
(té)
they
Stanza 5.44.12
स॒दा॒पृ॒णो य॑ज॒तो वि द्विषो॑ वधीद्बाहुवृ॒क्तः श्रु॑त॒वित्तर्यो॑ वः॒ सचा॑ | उ॒भा स वरा॒ प्रत्ये॑ति॒ भाति॑ च॒ यदीं॑ ग॒णं भज॑ते सुप्र॒याव॑भिः ||
sadāpr̥ṇó yajató ví dvíṣo vadhīd bāhuvr̥ktáḥ śrutavít táryo vaḥ sácā ubhā́ sá várā práty eti bhā́ti ca yád īṁ gaṇám bhájate suprayā́vabhiḥ
Sadāprina, the worshipful, Tarya, Shruta-vita, and Bahuvrikta, together with you, have slain the enemies. Both achieve their desires, shine brightly, and attain the group when they engage with good steeds.
This verse praises several divine beings or heroic figures: Sadāprina (ever-filling), Yajata (worshipful), Bahuvrikta (one who tears with arms), Shruta-vita (experienced in hearing), and Tarya. It states that they, along with the worshippers ('vah sachā'), have defeated their enemies ('dviṣaḥ'). These beings ('ubhā sah varā') achieve their desires in both worlds and shine brightly, especially when they connect with a divine 'gana' (group or host) through well-moving steeds.
Meter: Jagati
- A. स॒दा॒पृ॒णः य॒जतो वि द्विषो॑ वधीद्बाहुवृ sadāpr̥ṇáḥ yajatáḥ ví dvíṣaḥ vadhīt (12 syllables)
- B. क्तः श्रु॒त॒वित्तर्यो वः सचा उ॒भा bāhuvr̥ktáḥ śrutavít táryaḥ vaḥ sácā (12 syllables)
- C. स व॒रा प्र॒त्येति भाति च यदीं ग॒णं ubhā́ sá várā práti eti bhā́ti ca (12 syllables)
- D. भज॑ते सुप्र॒याव॑भिः yát īm gaṇám bhájate suprayā́vabhiḥ (12 syllables)
स॒दा॒पृ॒णः (sadāpr̥ṇáḥ)
ever-filling, always satisfying
य॒जतो (yajatáḥ)
worshipful, venerable
वि (ví)
apart, away
द्विषो॑ (dvíṣaḥ)
enemies, foes
वधीद्बाहुवृ (vadhīt)
he killed, he struck down
क्तः (bāhuvr̥ktáḥ)
one who tears with arms
श्रु॒त॒वित्तर्यो (śrutavít)
one who knows by hearing, wise
वः (táryaḥ)
Tarya (a name/epithet)
सचा (vaḥ)
you (plural)
उ॒भा (sácā)
together, along with
स (ubhā́)
both
व॒रा (sá)
he, that one
प्र॒त्येति (várā)
worlds, choices
भाति (práti)
towards, meeting
च (eti)
he goes, he comes
यदीं (bhā́ti)
he shines
ग॒णं (ca)
and
भज॑ते (yát)
which, what
सुप्र॒याव॑भिः (īm)
him, them (emphatic particle)
(gaṇám)
group, host, multitude
(bhájate)
he shares, he joins
(suprayā́vabhiḥ)
with well-moving steeds
Stanza 5.44.13
सु॒त॒म्भ॒रो यज॑मानस्य॒ सत्प॑ति॒र्विश्वा॑सा॒मूधः॒ स धि॒यामु॒दञ्च॑नः | भर॑द्धे॒नू रस॑वच्छिश्रिये॒ पयो॑ऽनुब्रुवा॒णो अध्ये॑ति॒ न स्व॒पन् ||
sutambharó yájamānasya sátpatir víśvāsām ū́dhaḥ sá dhiyā́m udáñcanaḥ bhárad dhenū́ rásavac chiśriye páyo 'nubruvāṇó ádhy eti ná svapán
Sutambhara, the protector of the worshipper, supports all thoughts. Like a mother cow, he draws near with sweet milk. He who understands and follows the teaching approaches him, not the one who sleeps.
This verse extols Sutambhara as the protector of the worshipper and the source of all blessings ('ūdhah'). He upholds thoughts ('dhiyām udanchanah') and nourishes like a cow ('dhenūḥ'). The verse states that this being, 'shishriye', is sweet and has drawn near, offering milk ('payah'). Those who follow the teachings ('anubruvanahah') understand and approach this divine presence, unlike those who are asleep or unaware.
Meter: Jagati
- A. सु॒त॒म्भ॒रो यज॑मानस्य स॒त्प॑ति sutambharáḥ yájamānasya sátpatiḥ (12 syllables)
- B. विश्वा॑सा ॒मूधः स धि॒यामु दञ्च॑नः víśvāsām ū́dhar sá dhiyā́m udáñcanaḥ (12 syllables)
- C. भर द्धे॒नू रस॒वच्छि श्रिये पयो bhárat dhenúḥ rásavat śiśriye páyaḥ (12 syllables)
- D. ऽनुब्रुवा॒णो अ॒ध्ये ति न स्व॒पन् anubruvāṇáḥ ádhi eti ná svapán (12 syllables)
सु॒त॒म्भ॒रो (sutambharáḥ)
Sutambhara (he who holds the best)
यज॑मानस्य (yájamānasya)
of the worshipper, of the one performing the sacrifice
स॒त्प॑ति (sátpatiḥ)
lord of truth, good lord
विश्वा॑सा (víśvāsām)
of all
॒मूधः (ū́dhar)
udder, source of nourishment
स (sá)
he, that one
धि॒यामु (dhiyā́m)
of thoughts, of devotions
दञ्च॑नः (udáñcanaḥ)
uplifter, inspirer
भर (bhárat)
he brings, he carries
द्धे॒नू (dhenúḥ)
cow (symbol of nourishment)
रस॒वच्छि (rásavat)
with juice, sweet
श्रिये (śiśriye)
he has approached, he adheres
पयो (páyaḥ)
milk, fluid
ऽनुब्रुवा॒णो (anubruvāṇáḥ)
one who follows the teaching, one who repeats
अ॒ध्ये (ádhi)
upon, towards
ति (eti)
he goes, he approaches
न (ná)
not
स्व॒पन् (svapán)
sleeping
Stanza 5.44.14
यो जा॒गार॒ तमृचः॑ कामयन्ते॒ यो जा॒गार॒ तमु॒ सामा॑नि यन्ति | यो जा॒गार॒ तम॒यं सोम॑ आह॒ तवा॒हम॑स्मि स॒ख्ये न्यो॑काः ||
yó jāgā́ra tám ŕ̥caḥ kāmayante yó jāgā́ra tám u sā́māni yanti yó jāgā́ra tám ayáṁ sóma āha távāhám asmi sakhyé nyòkāḥ
The Rk hymns desire him who is awake; the Sama verses go to him who is awake. Soma says to him who is awake: 'I am yours in friendship, your dwelling mate.'
This verse highlights the value of wakefulness and attentiveness in spiritual pursuit. It states that the Rk verses (hymns) desire the one who is awake ('jagāra'). Similarly, the Sama verses approach him. Soma, the sacred drink, also declares its belonging to the one who is vigilant and awake, finding its dwelling place in their friendship.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तम ॒यं सोम कामयन्ते यो yáḥ jāgā́ra tám ŕ̥caḥ kāmayante (11 syllables)
- B. तम ॒यं सोम यन्ति यो जा॒गार yáḥ jāgā́ra tám u sā́māni yanti (11 syllables)
- C. तम ॒यं सोम आ॒ ह तवा yáḥ jāgā́ra tám ayám sómaḥ āha (11 syllables)
- D. ॒हम॑स्मि स॒ख्ये न्यो॑काः táva ahám asmi sakhyé nyòkāḥ (11 syllables)
तम (yáḥ)
he who
॒यं (jāgā́ra)
is awake, is watchful
सोम (tám)
him
कामयन्ते (ŕ̥caḥ)
Rk verses, hymns
यो (kāmayante)
they desire, they long for
तम (yáḥ)
he who
॒यं (jāgā́ra)
is awake, is watchful
सोम (tám)
him
यन्ति (u)
indeed, also
यो (sā́māni)
Sama verses
जा॒गार (yanti)
they go, they come
तम (yáḥ)
he who
॒यं (jāgā́ra)
is awake, is watchful
सोम (tám)
him
आ॒ (ayám)
this
ह (sómaḥ)
Soma (the divine drink or deity)
तवा (āha)
he says
॒हम॑स्मि (táva)
yours
स॒ख्ये (ahám)
I
न्यो॑काः (asmi)
I am
(sakhyé)
in friendship
(nyòkāḥ)
dwelling mate, companion
Stanza 5.44.15
अ॒ग्निर्जा॑गार॒ तमृचः॑ कामयन्ते॒ऽग्निर्जा॑गार॒ तमु॒ सामा॑नि यन्ति | अ॒ग्निर्जा॑गार॒ तम॒यं सोम॑ आह॒ तवा॒हम॑स्मि स॒ख्ये न्यो॑काः ||
agnír jāgāra tám ŕ̥caḥ kāmayante 'gnír jāgāra tám u sā́māni yanti agnír jāgāra tám ayáṁ sóma āha távāhám asmi sakhyé nyòkāḥ
Agni is awake; the Rk hymns desire him. Agni is awake; the Sama verses go to him. Agni is awake; Soma says to him: 'I am yours in friendship, your dwelling mate.'
This verse reiterates the theme of wakefulness, specifically attributing it to Agni, the fire god. Agni is described as ever-watchful, attracting the Rk and Sama hymns, and being in a close, friendly relationship with Soma. Soma declares its presence and belonging within Agni's friendship, highlighting Agni's role as a steadfast companion and abode.
Meter: Jagati
- A. तम ॒यं सोम कामयन्ते ऽग्निर्जा agníḥ jāgāra tám ŕ̥caḥ kāmayante (12 syllables)
- B. तम ॒यं सोम यन्ति अ॒ग्निर्जा गार agníḥ jāgāra tám u sā́māni yanti (12 syllables)
- C. तम ॒यं सोम आ॒ ह तवा agníḥ jāgāra tám ayám sómaḥ āha (12 syllables)
- D. ॒हम॑स्मि स॒ख्ये न्यो॑काः táva ahám asmi sakhyé nyòkāḥ (11 syllables)
तम (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
॒यं (jāgāra)
is awake, is watchful
सोम (tám)
him
कामयन्ते (ŕ̥caḥ)
Rk verses, hymns
ऽग्निर्जा (kāmayante)
they desire, they long for
तम (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
॒यं (jāgāra)
is awake, is watchful
सोम (tám)
him
यन्ति (u)
indeed, also
अ॒ग्निर्जा (sā́māni)
Sama verses
गार (yanti)
they go, they come
तम (agníḥ)
Agni (fire god)
॒यं (jāgāra)
is awake, is watchful
सोम (tám)
him
आ॒ (ayám)
this
ह (sómaḥ)
Soma (the divine drink or deity)
तवा (āha)
he says
॒हम॑स्मि (táva)
yours
स॒ख्ये (ahám)
I
न्यो॑काः (asmi)
I am
(sakhyé)
in friendship
(nyòkāḥ)
dwelling mate, companion