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Stanza 5.3.1
त्वम॑ग्ने॒ वरु॑णो॒ जाय॑से॒ यत्त्वं मि॒त्रो भ॑वसि॒ यत्समि॑द्धः | त्वे विश्वे॑ सहसस्पुत्र दे॒वास्त्वमिन्द्रो॑ दा॒शुषे॒ मर्त्या॑य ||
tvám agne váruṇo jā́yase yát tvám mitró bhavasi yát sámiddhaḥ tvé víśve sahasas putra devā́s tvám índro dāśúṣe mártyāya
You, O Agni, are born as Varuṇa; when you are kindled, you become Mitra. O Son of Strength, all the gods are within you. For the mortal who offers, you are Indra.
This stanza addresses Agni, highlighting his multifaceted divine nature by equating him with other major deities. When Agni is born, he embodies Varuṇa, the upholder of cosmic order. When kindled, he becomes Mitra, the god of friendship and contracts. In essence, all the gods reside within Agni, and to a worshipper making an offering, he acts as Indra, the king of the gods and bestower of power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वम॑ ग्ने वरु॑णो जाय॑से यत् tvám agne váruṇaḥ jā́yase yát (11 syllables)
- B. त्वम॑ मि॒त्रः भ॑वसि यत् समि॑द्धः tvám mitráḥ bhavasi yát sámiddhaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. त्वे विश्वे॑ सहसः पुत्र दे॒वाः tvé víśve sahasaḥ putra devā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- D. त्वम॑ इन्द्रो॑ दा॒शुषे मर्त्या॑य tvám índraḥ dāśúṣe mártyāya (11 syllables)
त्वम॑ (tvám)
you
ग्ने (agne)
O Agni
वरु॑णो (váruṇaḥ)
Varuṇa (a cosmic deity)
जाय॑से (jā́yase)
you are born
यत् (yát)
when
त्वम॑ (tvám)
you
मि॒त्रः (mitráḥ)
Mitra (a deity of friendship)
भ॑वसि (bhavasi)
you become
यत् (yát)
when
समि॑द्धः (sámiddhaḥ)
fully kindled
त्वे (tvé)
in you
विश्वे॑ (víśve)
all
सहसः (sahasaḥ)
of strength
पुत्र (putra)
O son
दे॒वाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
त्वम॑ (tvám)
you
इन्द्रो॑ (índraḥ)
Indra (king of gods)
दा॒शुषे (dāśúṣe)
to the one who offers
मर्त्या॑य (mártyāya)
to the mortal
Stanza 5.3.2
त्वम॑र्य॒मा भ॑वसि॒ यत्क॒नीनां॒ नाम॑ स्वधाव॒न्गुह्यं॑ बिभर्षि | अ॒ञ्जन्ति॑ मि॒त्रं सुधि॑तं॒ न गोभि॒र्यद्दम्प॑ती॒ सम॑नसा कृ॒णोषि॑ ||
tvám aryamā́ bhavasi yát kanī́nāṁ nā́ma svadhāvan gúhyam bibharṣi añjánti mitráṁ súdhitaṁ ná góbhir yád dámpatī sámanasā kr̥ṇóṣi
You become Aryaman when you bear the secret name of the maidens, O self-reliant one. They anoint you like the well-established Mitra with (offerings symbolized by) cows. You unite husband and wife when they are of one mind.
This verse continues to describe Agni's transformations, stating he embodies Aryaman, the protector of the worthy and controller of unions, particularly concerning young women and their hidden names or destinies. As the 'self-dependent one', Agni carries this secret name. It is also mentioned that he is anointed, akin to Mitra, and plays a crucial role in uniting a husband and wife in harmonious accord.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वम॑ र्य॒मा भ॑वसि यत् क॒नीनां tvám aryamā́ bhavasi yát kanī́nām (11 syllables)
- B. नाम॑ स्वधावः गुह्यं॑ बिभर्षि nā́ma svadhāvan gúhyam bibharṣi (11 syllables)
- C. अञ्जन्ति॑ मि॒त्रं सुधि॑तं न गोभिः añjánti mitrám súdhitam ná góbhiḥ (11 syllables)
- D. यत् दम्प॑ती सम॑नसा कृणोषि॑ yát dámpatī sámanasā kr̥ṇóṣi (11 syllables)
त्वम॑ (tvám)
you
र्य॒मा (aryamā́)
Aryaman (a solar deity, patron of marriage)
भ॑वसि (bhavasi)
you become
यत् (yát)
when
क॒नीनां (kanī́nām)
of young women
नाम॑ (nā́ma)
name
स्वधावः (svadhāvan)
O self-reliant one
गुह्यं॑ (gúhyam)
secret
बिभर्षि (bibharṣi)
you bear
अञ्जन्ति॑ (añjánti)
they anoint
मि॒त्रं (mitrám)
Mitra
सुधि॑तं (súdhitam)
well-established
न (ná)
like
गोभिः (góbhiḥ)
with cows (symbolic)
यत् (yát)
when
दम्प॑ती (dámpatī)
husband and wife
सम॑नसा (sámanasā)
of one mind
कृणोषि॑ (kr̥ṇóṣi)
you make
Stanza 5.3.3
तव॑ श्रि॒ये म॒रुतो॑ मर्जयन्त॒ रुद्र॒ यत्ते॒ जनि॑म॒ चारु॑ चि॒त्रम् | प॒दं यद्विष्णो॑रुप॒मं नि॒धायि॒ तेन॑ पासि॒ गुह्यं॒ नाम॒ गोना॑म् ||
táva śriyé marúto marjayanta rúdra yát te jánima cā́ru citrám padáṁ yád víṣṇor upamáṁ nidhā́yi téna pāsi gúhyaṁ nā́ma gónām
For your glory, O Rudra, the Maruts adorn themselves, because your birth is beautiful and striking. That highest footprint of Vishnu which was established: by that, you protect the secret name of the cows.
This stanza addresses Rudra (often associated with Agni), stating that the Maruts, the storm deities, adorn themselves for his glory and brilliance, recognizing his fair and striking birth. It then links this to Vishnu's supreme, established footprint, implying that Agni, by embodying Vishnu's highest presence, protects the hidden name and essence of the cows, symbolizing abundance and sustenance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तव॑ श्रि॒ये म॒रुतो॑ मृजयन्त táva śriyé marútaḥ marjayanta (11 syllables)
- B. रुद्र यत् ते जनि॑म चारु॑ चित्रं॑ rúdra yát te jánima cā́ru citrám (11 syllables)
- C. पदं॑ यत् विष्णोः उप॒मं नि॒धायि padám yát víṣṇoḥ upamám nidhā́yi (11 syllables)
- D. तेन॑ पासि गुह्यं॑ नाम॑ गोना॑म् téna pāsi gúhyam nā́ma gónām (11 syllables)
तव॑ (táva)
your
श्रि॒ये (śriyé)
for glory
म॒रुतो॑ (marútaḥ)
Maruts (storm deities)
मृजयन्त (marjayanta)
they cleanse/adorn
रुद्र (rúdra)
O Rudra
यत् (yát)
which
ते (te)
your
जनि॑म (jánima)
birth
चारु॑ (cā́ru)
beautiful
चित्रं॑ (citrám)
striking/varied
पदं॑ (padám)
footprint
यत् (yát)
which
विष्णोः (víṣṇoḥ)
of Vishnu
उप॒मं (upamám)
highest/supreme
नि॒धायि (nidhā́yi)
was placed/established
तेन॑ (téna)
by that
पासि (pāsi)
you protect
गुह्यं॑ (gúhyam)
secret
नाम॑ (nā́ma)
name
गोना॑म् (gónām)
of the cows
Stanza 5.3.4
तव॑ श्रि॒या सु॒दृशो॑ देव दे॒वाः पु॒रू दधा॑ना अ॒मृतं॑ सपन्त | होता॑रम॒ग्निं मनु॑षो॒ नि षे॑दुर्दश॒स्यन्त॑ उ॒शिजः॒ शंस॑मा॒योः ||
táva śriyā́ sudŕ̥śo deva devā́ḥ purū́ dádhānā amŕ̥taṁ sapanta hótāram agním mánuṣo ní ṣedur daśasyánta uśíjaḥ śáṁsam āyóḥ
By your beauty, O God, the gods are beautiful to behold. Assuming many (powers or gifts), they serve (you) for immortality. Men have established Agni as their priest; the sages, honoring (him), seek the praise of him who sustains life.
This verse praises the 'beautiful to behold' god (likely Agni), attributing the gods' own beauty to his radiance. It states that by holding many powers or gifts, the gods attain immortality by serving him. Humans have established Agni as their chief priest (Hotar) and, along with the sages (Ushijas), serve him with devotion, seeking his praise which benefits life (Ayu).
Meter: Tristubh
- A. तव॑ श्रि॒या सु॒दृशः॑ देव दे॒वाः táva śriyā́ sudŕ̥śaḥ deva devā́ḥ (11 syllables)
- B. दधा॑ना अ॒मृतं॑ सप॑न्त purú + dádhānāḥ amŕ̥tam sapanta (11 syllables)
- C. होता॑र अ॒ग्निं मनुषोः निः षेडुः hótāram agním mánuṣaḥ ní seduḥ (11 syllables)
- D. दशस्यन्त उशिजः शंस॑ आयोः daśasyántaḥ uśíjaḥ śáṃsam āyóḥ (11 syllables)
तव॑ (táva)
your
श्रि॒या (śriyā́)
by radiance/beauty
सु॒दृशः॑ (sudŕ̥śaḥ)
beautiful to behold
देव (deva)
O God
दे॒वाः (devā́ḥ)
gods
(purú +)
दधा॑ना (dádhānāḥ)
holding/bearing
अ॒मृतं॑ (amŕ̥tam)
immortality
सप॑न्त (sapanta)
they serve/worship
होता॑र (hótāram)
as priest
अ॒ग्निं (agním)
Agni
मनुषोः (mánuṣaḥ)
of men
निः (ní)
down/as
षेडुः (seduḥ)
they established/sat
दशस्यन्त (daśasyántaḥ)
serving/honoring
उशिजः (uśíjaḥ)
sages
शंस॑ (śáṃsam)
praise
आयोः (āyóḥ)
of life
Stanza 5.3.5
न त्वद्धोता॒ पूर्वो॑ अग्ने॒ यजी॑या॒न्न काव्यैः॑ प॒रो अ॑स्ति स्वधावः | वि॒शश्च॒ यस्या॒ अति॑थि॒र्भवा॑सि॒ स य॒ज्ञेन॑ वनवद्देव॒ मर्ता॑न् ||
ná tvád dhótā pū́rvo agne yájīyān ná kā́vyaiḥ paró asti svadhāvaḥ viśáś ca yásyā átithir bhávāsi sá yajñéna vanavad deva mártān
O Agni, there is no priest before you who is a better sacrificer, nor is anyone wiser than you, O Self-sustainer. Whosoever has you as a guest in his house, O God, he will conquer mortals through sacrifice.
This stanza extols Agni as the preeminent priest (Hotar) and sacrificer, surpassing all in wisdom. It proclaims that a person whose house Agni chooses to be a guest in will, through sacrifice, gain victory over mortals. Agni, addressed as 'Self-sustainer', is the divine host whose presence bestows success.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. न त्वद्धोता॑ होता पूर्वो॑ अग्ने यजी॑या ná tvát hótā pū́rvaḥ agne yájīyān (11 syllables)
- B. न काव्यैः परो अस्ति स्वधावः ná kā́vyaiḥ parás asti svadhāvaḥ (11 syllables)
- C. विशः च यस्याः अति॑थिः भवा॑सि viśáḥ ca yásyāḥ átithiḥ bhávāsi (11 syllables)
- D. स य॒ज्ञेन॑ वनवद् देव मर्ता sá yajñéna vanavat deva mártān (11 syllables)
न (ná)
not
त्वद्धोता॑ (tvát)
than you
होता (hótā)
priest
पूर्वो॑ (pū́rvaḥ)
before
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
यजी॑या (yájīyān)
better sacrificer
न (ná)
not
काव्यैः (kā́vyaiḥ)
by wisdom
परो (parás)
surpassing
अस्ति (asti)
is
स्वधावः (svadhāvaḥ)
O Self-sustainer
विशः (viśáḥ)
house/home
च (ca)
and
यस्याः (yásyāḥ)
whose
अति॑थिः (átithiḥ)
guest
भवा॑सि (bhávāsi)
you are
स (sá)
he
य॒ज्ञेन॑ (yajñéna)
by sacrifice
वनवद् (vanavat)
will conquer
देव (deva)
O God
मर्ता (mártān)
mortals
Stanza 5.3.6
व॒यम॑ग्ने वनुयाम॒ त्वोता॑ वसू॒यवो॑ ह॒विषा॒ बुध्य॑मानाः | व॒यं स॑म॒र्ये वि॒दथे॒ष्वह्नां॑ व॒यं रा॒या स॑हसस्पुत्र॒ मर्ता॑न् ||
vayám agne vanuyāma tvótā vasūyávo havíṣā búdhyamānāḥ vayáṁ samaryé vidátheṣv áhnāṁ vayáṁ rāyā́ sahasas putra mártān
May we, O Agni, protected by you, overcome mortals, desiring wealth and awakened by offerings. May we overcome mortals in contests and assemblies of days, and by wealth, O Son of Strength!
The worshippers, seeking wealth and being spiritually awakened, invoke Agni for protection. They express their desire to overcome mortals, both in the context of a contest or assembly ('samarye', 'vidathes' referring to days/assemblies) and through material wealth ('raya'). Agni, the 'Son of Strength', is their source of power and protection in these endeavors.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वयम॑ अग्ने वनुयाम त्वोताः vayám agne vanuyāma tvótāḥ (11 syllables)
- B. वसूयवो॑ हविषा॑ बुध्य॑मानाः vasūyávaḥ havíṣā búdhyamānāḥ (11 syllables)
- C. वयम॑ समर्ये विदथेष्वाम् अह्नां vayám samaryé vidátheṣu áhnām (11 syllables)
- D. वयम॑ राया सहसः पुत्र मर्ता vayám rāyā́ sahasaḥ putra mártān (11 syllables)
वयम॑ (vayám)
we
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
वनुयाम (vanuyāma)
may we conquer
त्वोताः (tvótāḥ)
protected by you
वसूयवो॑ (vasūyávaḥ)
desiring wealth
हविषा॑ (havíṣā)
by offerings
बुध्य॑मानाः (búdhyamānāḥ)
awakened/aware
वयम॑ (vayám)
we
समर्ये (samaryé)
in contest/battle
विदथेष्वाम् (vidátheṣu)
in assemblies/gatherings
अह्नां (áhnām)
of days
वयम॑ (vayám)
we
राया (rāyā́)
by wealth
सहसः (sahasaḥ)
of strength
पुत्र (putra)
O son
मर्ता (mártān)
mortals
Stanza 5.3.7
यो न॒ आगो॑ अ॒भ्येनो॒ भरा॒त्यधीद॒घम॒घशं॑से दधात | ज॒ही चि॑कित्वो अ॒भिश॑स्तिमे॒तामग्ने॒ यो नो॑ म॒र्चय॑ति द्व॒येन॑ ||
yó na ā́go abhy éno bhárāty ádhī́d aghám agháśaṁse dadhāta jahī́ cikitvo abhíśastim etā́m ágne yó no marcáyati dvayéna
If anyone brings sin or guilt upon us, let that evil fall upon him who speaks evil spells. Destroy, O knowing one, this curse directed at us, O Agni, (from one who injures us) by duplicity.
This stanza is a powerful invocation for protection against enemies and deceit. The speaker asks Agni to bring misfortune upon anyone who harbors evil intentions ('aagas', 'enas') against them. They command Agni, the 'knowing one', to destroy curses and falsehoods ('abhishastim') directed at them, especially from those who act with duplicity ('dvayena').
Meter: Tristubh
- A. यो नो आगो अभि एनो भरा॒त्यधीद yáḥ naḥ ā́gaḥ abhí énaḥ bhárāti (11 syllables)
- B. त अघं अघशं॑से दधात ádhi ít aghám agháśaṃse dadhāta (11 syllables)
- C. चिकित्वो अभिश॑स्तिमे तामग्ने jahí + cikitvaḥ abhíśastim etā́m (11 syllables)
- D. अग्ने यो नो मर्चय॑ति द्वयेन॑ ágne yáḥ naḥ marcáyati dvayéna (11 syllables)
यो (yáḥ)
who
नो (naḥ)
us
आगो (ā́gaḥ)
sin
अभि (abhí)
upon
एनो (énaḥ)
guilt/offense
भरा॒त्यधीद (bhárāti)
brings
(ádhi)
त (ít)
indeed
अघं (aghám)
evil
अघशं॑से (agháśaṃse)
in evil-speaking
दधात (dadhāta)
let them place/inflict
(jahí +)
चिकित्वो (cikitvaḥ)
O knowing one
अभिश॑स्तिमे (abhíśastim)
curse/calumny
तामग्ने (etā́m)
this
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
यो (yáḥ)
who
नो (naḥ)
us
मर्चय॑ति (marcáyati)
injures/harms
द्वयेन॑ (dvayéna)
by duplicity
Stanza 5.3.8
त्वाम॒स्या व्युषि॑ देव॒ पूर्वे॑ दू॒तं कृ॑ण्वा॒ना अ॑यजन्त ह॒व्यैः | सं॒स्थे यद॑ग्न॒ ईय॑से रयी॒णां दे॒वो मर्तै॒र्वसु॑भिरि॒ध्यमा॑नः ||
tvā́m asyā́ vyúṣi deva pū́rve dūtáṁ kr̥ṇvānā́ ayajanta havyaíḥ saṁsthé yád agna ī́yase rayīṇā́ṁ devó mártair vásubhir idhyámānaḥ
The ancient ones made you, O God, their messenger at the dawn of this day and worshipped you with oblations. When you move, O Agni, in the abode of wealth, you are a god kindled by mortals and by the Vasus.
This stanza recalls the reverence shown to Agni by ancient people. At the dawn of a new day ('vyushi'), they recognized Agni as their divine messenger ('dutam') and worshipped him with offerings. Now, Agni is depicted as a god who moves through the realm of wealth ('rayinam samsthe'), being kindled by both mortals and the Vasus (a class of deities), signifying his central role in prosperity.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वाम अस्या व्युषि॑ देव पूर्वे॑ tvā́m asyā́ḥ vyúṣi deva pū́rve (11 syllables)
- B. दूतं॑ कृण्वना॑ना अयजन्त हव्यैः dūtám kr̥ṇvānā́ḥ ayajanta havyaíḥ (11 syllables)
- C. संस्थे यद अग्न ईय॑से रयीणां saṃsthé yát agne ī́yase rayīṇā́m (11 syllables)
- D. देवः मर्तैः वसुभिः इध्यमा॑नः deváḥ mártaiḥ vásubhiḥ idhyámānaḥ (11 syllables)
त्वाम (tvā́m)
you
अस्या (asyā́ḥ)
of this
व्युषि॑ (vyúṣi)
at dawn
देव (deva)
O God
पूर्वे॑ (pū́rve)
ancient
दूतं॑ (dūtám)
messenger
कृण्वना॑ना (kr̥ṇvānā́ḥ)
making
अयजन्त (ayajanta)
they sacrificed/worshipped
हव्यैः (havyaíḥ)
with oblations
संस्थे (saṃsthé)
in the abode/place
यद (yát)
when
अग्न (agne)
O Agni
ईय॑से (ī́yase)
you move/go
रयीणां (rayīṇā́m)
of wealth
देवः (deváḥ)
god
मर्तैः (mártaiḥ)
by mortals
वसुभिः (vásubhiḥ)
by Vasus (deities)
इध्यमा॑नः (idhyámānaḥ)
being kindled
Stanza 5.3.9
अव॑ स्पृधि पि॒तरं॒ योधि॑ वि॒द्वान्पु॒त्रो यस्ते॑ सहसः सून ऊ॒हे | क॒दा चि॑कित्वो अ॒भि च॑क्षसे॒ नोऽग्ने॑ क॒दाँ ऋ॑त॒चिद्या॑तयासे ||
áva spr̥dhi pitáraṁ yódhi vidvā́n putró yás te sahasaḥ sūna ūhé kadā́ cikitvo abhí cakṣase nó 'gne kadā́m̐ r̥tacíd yātayāse
Protect the father, O knowing one, and drive away (harm); (he who is considered) your son, O son of strength. When, O wise Agni, will you look upon us? When will you, who know the cosmic order, guide us?
The speaker implores Agni, the 'Son of Strength', to protect the father figure, who is considered like a son. They urge Agni, the wise one, to fight ('yodhi') or drive away harm. The stanza concludes with a plea to Agni, the wise and follower of cosmic order ('ritachit'), asking when he will notice ('chakshase') and guide ('yatayase') them.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अव स्पृधि पि॒तरं योधि॑ वि॒द्वान् áva spr̥dhi pitáram yódhi vidvā́n (11 syllables)
- B. पु॒त्रो यः ते सहसः सूनो ऊ॒हे putráḥ yáḥ te sahasaḥ sūno ūhé (11 syllables)
- C. कदाँ चिकित्वो अभि चक्ष॑से नो kadā́ cikitvaḥ abhí cakṣase naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अग्ने कदाँ ऋतचिद्या॑तयासे तयासे ágne kadā́ r̥tacít yātayāse (11 syllables)
अव (áva)
down/protect
स्पृधि (spr̥dhi)
protect/drive away
पि॒तरं (pitáram)
father
योधि॑ (yódhi)
fight/drive away
वि॒द्वान् (vidvā́n)
knowing
पु॒त्रो (putráḥ)
son
यः (yáḥ)
who
ते (te)
your
सहसः (sahasaḥ)
of strength
सूनो (sūno)
O son
ऊ॒हे (ūhé)
considered/counted
कदाँ (kadā́)
when
चिकित्वो (cikitvaḥ)
O wise one
अभि (abhí)
towards
चक्ष॑से (cakṣase)
will you look
नो (naḥ)
us
अग्ने (ágne)
O Agni
कदाँ (kadā́)
when
ऋतचिद्या॑तयासे (r̥tacít)
knower of cosmic order
तयासे (yātayāse)
will you guide/direct
Stanza 5.3.10
भूरि॒ नाम॒ वन्द॑मानो दधाति पि॒ता व॑सो॒ यदि॒ तज्जो॒षया॑से | कु॒विद्दे॒वस्य॒ सह॑सा चका॒नः सु॒म्नम॒ग्निर्व॑नते वावृधा॒नः ||
bhū́ri nā́ma vándamāno dadhāti pitā́ vaso yádi táj joṣáyāse kuvíd devásya sáhasā cakānáḥ sumnám agnír vanate vāvr̥dhānáḥ
The father, adoring you, O Vasu, gives you many names, if you should accept them. Will not Agni, delighting in divine strength, grant us his favor, he who has grown strong?
This verse describes Agni as 'Vasu' (a possessor of wealth or a deity) whom the father (worshipper) adorably addresses with many names. It questions whether Agni, delighting in divine strength ('sahasā'), will grant favor ('sumna'), especially as he grows mighty and powerful ('vavrdhanah'), suggesting his favor is earned through adoration and acceptance.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. भूरि नाम वन्द॑मानो दधाति bhū́ri nā́ma vándamānaḥ dadhāti (11 syllables)
- B. पि॒ता वसो॒ यदि तज्जो षया॑से pitā́ vaso yádi tát joṣáyāse (11 syllables)
- C. कु॒विद् देवस्य सह॑सा चका॒नः kuvít devásya sáhasā cakānáḥ (11 syllables)
- D. सु॒म्न अ॒ग्निः वनते वावृधा॒नः sumnám agníḥ vanate vāvr̥dhānáḥ (11 syllables)
भूरि (bhū́ri)
many
नाम (nā́ma)
names
वन्द॑मानो (vándamānaḥ)
adoring
दधाति (dadhāti)
gives
पि॒ता (pitā́)
father
वसो॒ (vaso)
O Vasu (wealthy one)
यदि (yádi)
if
तज्जो (tát)
that
षया॑से (joṣáyāse)
you accept/approve
कु॒विद् (kuvít)
indeed/will not
देवस्य (devásya)
of the God
सह॑सा (sáhasā)
by strength
चका॒नः (cakānáḥ)
delighting
सु॒म्न (sumnám)
favor/bliss
अ॒ग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni
वनते (vanate)
obtains/conquers
वावृधा॒नः (vāvr̥dhānáḥ)
having grown mighty
Stanza 5.3.11
त्वम॒ङ्ग ज॑रि॒तारं॑ यविष्ठ॒ विश्वा॑न्यग्ने दुरि॒ताति॑ पर्षि | स्ते॒ना अ॑दृश्रन्रि॒पवो॒ जना॒सोऽज्ञा॑तकेता वृजि॒ना अ॑भूवन् ||
tvám aṅgá jaritā́raṁ yaviṣṭha víśvāny agne duritā́ti parṣi stenā́ adr̥śran ripávo jánāsó 'jñātaketā vr̥jinā́ abhūvan
You, O Agni, youngest one, carry your praiser across all dangers. Thieves and wicked men have been seen; deceitful people have become apparent with unknown intentions.
This stanza praises Agni, the 'most youthful', for his ability to protect his worshipper ('jaritaram') from all dangers ('durita'). It contrasts this with the visible presence of enemies ('stenah', 'ripavah') and deceitful people ('janasah'), whose wicked and hidden schemes ('agnataketah', 'vrjina') have become evident.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. त्वम अङ्ग जरितारं॑ यविष्ठ tvám aṅgá jaritā́ram yaviṣṭha (11 syllables)
- B. विश्वा॑नि अग्ने दुरि॒ताति॑ अति पर्षि víśvāni agne duritā́ áti parṣi (11 syllables)
- C. स्तेना अदृश्रन्रि पवो जनासः stenā́ḥ adr̥śran ripávaḥ jánāsaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. अज्ञा॑तकेता वृजि॒ना अभूवन् ájñātaketāḥ vr̥jinā́ḥ abhūvan (11 syllables)
त्वम (tvám)
you
अङ्ग (aṅgá)
indeed (particle)
जरितारं॑ (jaritā́ram)
praiser/singer
यविष्ठ (yaviṣṭha)
O most youthful
विश्वा॑नि (víśvāni)
all
अग्ने (agne)
O Agni
दुरि॒ताति॑ (duritā́)
dangers/hardships
अति (áti)
across/beyond
पर्षि (parṣi)
you carry across/rescue
स्तेना (stenā́ḥ)
thieves
अदृश्रन्रि (adr̥śran)
have been seen
पवो (ripávaḥ)
wicked/enemies
जनासः (jánāsaḥ)
people
अज्ञा॑तकेता (ájñātaketāḥ)
with unknown intentions
वृजि॒ना (vr̥jinā́ḥ)
deceitful/wicked
अभूवन् (abhūvan)
have become
Stanza 5.3.12
इ॒मे यामा॑सस्त्व॒द्रिग॑भूव॒न्वस॑वे वा॒ तदिदागो॑ अवाचि | नाहा॒यम॒ग्निर॒भिश॑स्तये नो॒ न रीष॑ते वावृधा॒नः परा॑ दात् ||
imé yā́māsas tvadríg abhūvan vásave vā tád íd ā́go avāci nā́hāyám agnír abhíśastaye no ná rī́ṣate vāvr̥dhānáḥ párā dāt
These processions (or hymns) have been directed towards you. Indeed, that guilt has been confessed to you, O Vasu. Verily this Agni, grown strong, will never surrender us to the curse, nor to him who harms (us).
This verse declares that the hymns and acts of worship ('yamasah') are directed towards Agni, the divine Vasu. Any transgression or guilt ('agas') spoken is confessed to him. The stanza assures that Agni, now grown strong ('vavrdhanah'), will never surrender the worshippers to calumny ('abhishastaye') or to those who wish them harm ('risate').
Meter: Tristubh
- A. इमे यामासः त्वद्रिग॑भूव अभूव imé yā́māsaḥ tvadrík abhūvan (11 syllables)
- B. वस॑वे वा तदिदा दि आगो अवाचि vásave vā tát ít ā́gaḥ avāci (11 syllables)
- C. न हा अय अग्निः अभिश॑स्तये नो ná áha ayám agníḥ abhíśastaye naḥ (11 syllables)
- D. न रीष॑ते वावृधा॒नः परा दात् ná rī́ṣate vāvr̥dhānáḥ párā dāt (11 syllables)
इमे (imé)
these
यामासः (yā́māsaḥ)
processions/hymns
त्वद्रिग॑भूव (tvadrík)
towards you
अभूव (abhūvan)
have become/been directed
वस॑वे (vásave)
to Vasu (the wealthy god)
वा (vā)
to you
तदिदा (tát)
that
दि (ít)
indeed
आगो (ā́gaḥ)
guilt/sin
अवाचि (avāci)
was spoken/confessed
न (ná)
nor
हा (áha)
verily
अय (ayám)
this
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni
अभिश॑स्तये (abhíśastaye)
to the curse
नो (naḥ)
us
न (ná)
nor
रीष॑ते (rī́ṣate)
to him who harms
वावृधा॒नः (vāvr̥dhānáḥ)
having grown strong
परा (párā)
away
दात् (dāt)
he will give