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Stanza 5.15.1
प्र वे॒धसे॑ क॒वये॒ वेद्या॑य॒ गिरं॑ भरे य॒शसे॑ पू॒र्व्याय॑ | घृ॒तप्र॑सत्तो॒ असु॑रः सु॒शेवो॑ रा॒यो ध॒र्ता ध॒रुणो॒ वस्वो॑ अ॒ग्निः ||
prá vedháse kaváye védyāya gíram bhare yaśáse pūrvyā́ya ghr̥táprasatto ásuraḥ suśévo rāyó dhartā́ dharúṇo vásvo agníḥ
I offer this song to you, the wise ordainer, the poet, the glorious, the ancient one. You, the benevolent Asura, seated in ghee, are Agni, the holder and supporter of wealth.
The poet addresses Agni, the divine fire, praising him as a wise ordainer, ancient, glorious, and the sustainer of wealth. Agni is described as the 'Asura' (a powerful being), who sits enthroned in consecrated ghee (clarified butter), bringing bliss and being a steadfast support for riches. This stanza sets up Agni as a central deity associated with divine order, prosperity, and benevolent power.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. प्र वेधसे कवये वेद्याय prá vedháse kaváye védyāya (11 syllables)
- B. गिरं भरे यशसे पूर्व्याय gíram bhare yaśáse pūrvyā́ya (11 syllables)
- C. घृतप्रसत्तो असुः सुशेवो ghr̥táprasattaḥ ásuraḥ suśévaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. रायः धर्ता धरुणो वस्वो अग्निः rāyáḥ dhartā́ dharúṇaḥ vásvaḥ agníḥ (11 syllables)
प्र (prá)
forward, forth
वेधसे (vedháse)
to the ordainer, establisher
कवये (kaváye)
to the poet, wise one
वेद्याय (védyāya)
to the one to be known, revered
गिरं (gíram)
songs, hymns
भरे (bhare)
I bring, offer
यशसे (yaśáse)
for glory, fame
पूर्व्याय (pūrvyā́ya)
to the ancient, first one
घृतप्रसत्तो (ghr̥táprasattaḥ)
seated in ghee
असुः (ásuraḥ)
powerful being, divine lord
सुशेवो (suśévaḥ)
very gracious, benevolent
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of wealth, riches
धर्ता (dhartā́)
supporter, holder
धरुणो (dharúṇaḥ)
support, foundation
वस्वो (vásvaḥ)
of treasure, goods
अग्निः (agníḥ)
Agni (the fire god)
Stanza 5.15.2
ऋ॒तेन॑ ऋ॒तं ध॒रुणं॑ धारयन्त य॒ज्ञस्य॑ शा॒के प॑र॒मे व्यो॑मन् | दि॒वो धर्म॑न्ध॒रुणे॑ से॒दुषो॒ नॄञ्जा॒तैरजा॑ताँ अ॒भि ये न॑न॒क्षुः ||
r̥téna r̥táṁ dharúṇaṁ dhārayanta yajñásya śāké paramé vyòman divó dhárman dharúṇe sedúṣo nr̥ŕ̥ñ jātaír ájātām̐ abhí yé nanakṣúḥ
By the cosmic order, they have upheld the supporting cosmic order in the highest heaven, within the sphere of sacrifice. Those who, established on that support, have reached the unborn with the born, have attained their goal.
This stanza describes the cosmic order ('rita') and its maintenance through sacrifice ('yajña'). It states that beings, both born and unborn, who are established in the highest celestial realms and supported by divine principles, uphold this order. The phrase 'supporting Rita' suggests a continuous process of maintaining cosmic and moral law, enabled by Agni's presence and the performance of rituals in the highest heaven.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. ऋतेन ऋतं धरुणं धारयन्त r̥téna r̥tám dharúṇam dhārayanta (11 syllables)
- B. यज्ञस्य शाके परमे व्योमन yajñásya śāké paramé vyòman (11 syllables)
- C. दिवो धर्मन् धरुणे सेदुषो नॄञ्जा diváḥ dhárman dharúṇe sedúṣaḥ nr̥̄́n (12 syllables)
- D. जातैः अजाताँ अभि ये ननक्षुः jātaíḥ ájātān abhí yé nanakṣúḥ (11 syllables)
ऋतेन (r̥téna)
by the cosmic order, truth
ऋतं (r̥tám)
the cosmic order, truth
धरुणं (dharúṇam)
supporting, sustaining
धारयन्त (dhārayanta)
they uphold, support
यज्ञस्य (yajñásya)
of the sacrifice
शाके (śāké)
in the sphere, dominion
परमे (paramé)
in the highest, supreme
व्योमन (vyòman)
in the atmosphere, heaven
दिवो (diváḥ)
of the sky, heaven
धर्मन् (dhárman)
in the support, foundation
धरुणे (dharúṇe)
on the support, foundation
सेदुषो (sedúṣaḥ)
having sat down, established
नॄञ्जा (nr̥̄́n)
men
जातैः (jātaíḥ)
by the born
अजाताँ (ájātān)
the unborn
अभि (abhí)
towards, to
ये (yé)
who
ननक्षुः (nanakṣúḥ)
they attained, reached
Stanza 5.15.3
अ॒ङ्हो॒युव॑स्त॒न्व॑स्तन्वते॒ वि वयो॑ म॒हद्दु॒ष्टरं॑ पू॒र्व्याय॑ | स सं॒वतो॒ नव॑जातस्तुतुर्यात्सि॒ङ्हं न क्रु॒द्धम॒भितः॒ परि॑ ष्ठुः ||
aṅhoyúvas tanvàs tanvate ví váyo mahád duṣṭáram pūrvyā́ya sá saṁváto návajātas tuturyāt siṅháṁ ná kruddhám abhítaḥ pári ṣṭhuḥ
Dispelling distress, they spread out for the ancient one, his bodies of vital power, vast and hard to overcome. May he, the newly born, traverse the spaces; they stand around him like an angry lion.
This stanza describes Agni's power to ward off distress and his capacity to manifest in various forms. He spreads out his energies ('tanvah') as vital power ('vayaha') that is vast and difficult to overcome, especially for the ancient ('purvyaya'). The verse compares a newly born Agni, protected by surrounding forces, to an angry lion, emphasizing his formidable and protective nature.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. अङ्होयुव तन्व तन्वते वि aṃhoyúvaḥ tanvàḥ tanvate ví (11 syllables)
- B. महद् दुष्टरं पूर्व्याय váyaḥ mahát duṣṭáram pūrvyā́ya (11 syllables)
- C. स संवतो नवजातस्तुतुर्यात् तुतुर्यात् sá saṃvátaḥ návajātaḥ tuturyāt (11 syllables)
- D. सिं'हं न क्रुद्धम अभितः परि स्थुः siṃhám ná kruddhám abhítas pári sthuḥ (11 syllables)
अङ्होयुव (aṃhoyúvaḥ)
distress-averting
तन्व (tanvàḥ)
bodies, forms
तन्वते (tanvate)
they spread out, extend
वि (ví)
apart, out
(váyaḥ)
महद् (mahát)
great, vast
दुष्टरं (duṣṭáram)
difficult to overcome, cross
पूर्व्याय (pūrvyā́ya)
for the ancient one
स (sá)
he
संवतो (saṃvátaḥ)
encompassing, surrounding
नवजातस्तुतुर्यात् (návajātaḥ)
newly born
तुतुर्यात् (tuturyāt)
may he traverse, move
सिं'हं (siṃhám)
like a lion
न (ná)
like, as
क्रुद्धम (kruddhám)
angered, enraged
अभितः (abhítas)
around
परि (pári)
around
स्थुः (sthuḥ)
they stand
Stanza 5.15.4
मा॒तेव॒ यद्भर॑से पप्रथा॒नो जनं॑जनं॒ धाय॑से॒ चक्ष॑से च | वयो॑वयो जरसे॒ यद्दधा॑नः॒ परि॒ त्मना॒ विषु॑रूपो जिगासि ||
mātéva yád bhárase paprathānó jánaṁ-janaṁ dhā́yase cákṣase ca váyo-vayo jarase yád dádhānaḥ pári tmánā víṣurūpo jigāsi
When, like a mother, you spread out to nourish and behold each person, taking on life after life, you move around by yourself in various forms.
This stanza depicts Agni as a nurturing mother who sustains all beings. He expands to provide nourishment and sustenance for everyone, perceiving and supporting each individual. As he ages and takes on new forms, he continuously moves and transforms, exhibiting a multifaceted nature that is both protective and pervasive.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. मातेव इव यद् भरसे प्रप którego mātā́ iva yát bhárase paprathānáḥ (11 syllables)
- B. जनं'जनं धायसे चक्षसे च jánaṃ-janam dhā́yase cákṣase ca (11 syllables)
- C. वयो'वयो जरसे यद् दधानः váyo-vayaḥ jarase yát dádhānaḥ (11 syllables)
- D. परि त्मना विषु'रूपो जिगासि pári tmánā víṣurūpaḥ jigāsi (11 syllables)
मातेव (mātā́)
mother
इव (iva)
like, as
यद् (yát)
when, as
भरसे (bhárase)
you bear, carry
प्रप którego (paprathānáḥ)
spreading out
जनं'जनं (jánaṃ-janam)
person after person, everyone
धायसे (dhā́yase)
for nourishment, sustenance
चक्षसे (cákṣase)
for sight, perception
च (ca)
and
वयो'वयो (váyo-vayaḥ)
each vital power, sustenance
जरसे (jarase)
you grow old, decay, revive
यद् (yát)
when, as
दधानः (dádhānaḥ)
holding, possessing
परि (pári)
around
त्मना (tmánā)
by yourself, with your own self
विषु'रूपो (víṣurūpaḥ)
in various forms, manifold
जिगासि (jigāsi)
you go, move about
Stanza 5.15.5
वाजो॒ नु ते॒ शव॑सस्पा॒त्वन्त॑मु॒रुं दोघं॑ ध॒रुणं॑ देव रा॒यः | प॒दं न ता॒युर्गुहा॒ दधा॑नो म॒हो रा॒ये चि॒तय॒न्नत्रि॑मस्पः ||
vā́jo nú te śávasas pātv ántam urúṁ dóghaṁ dharúṇaṁ deva rāyáḥ padáṁ ná tāyúr gúhā dádhāno mahó rāyé citáyann átrim aspaḥ
May strength protect the bounds of your vigor, O god! May your broad, firmly supporting stream of wealth protect you. You, placing your foot in secret like a thief, have enlightened Atri for great wealth.
The poet invokes Agni to protect the boundaries of his power and his vast source of wealth. Agni is addressed as a god who, like a hidden thief, secretly places his support, enabling Atri to attain great wealth and understanding. This highlights Agni's role in bestowing prosperity and enlightenment in a subtle yet powerful manner.
Meter: Tristubh
- A. वाजो नु ते शवसस् पात्वन्त अन्तमु vā́jaḥ nú te śávasaḥ pātu ántam (11 syllables)
- B. उरुं दोग्धं धरुणं देव रायः urúm dógham dharúṇam deva rāyáḥ (11 syllables)
- C. पदं न तायुर् गुहा दधानो padám ná tāyúḥ gúhā dádhānaḥ (10 syllables)
- D. मह राय चितयन्न अत्रि अस्प maháḥ rāyé citáyan átrim aspar (11 syllables)
वाजो (vā́jaḥ)
strength, power
नु (nú)
now, indeed
ते (te)
your
शवसस् (śávasaḥ)
of strength, might
पात्वन्त (pātu)
may protect
अन्तमु (ántam)
boundary, limit
उरुं (urúm)
broad, wide
दोग्धं (dógham)
milking stream, source
धरुणं (dharúṇam)
supporting, sustaining
देव (deva)
O god
रायः (rāyáḥ)
of wealth
पदं (padám)
foot, step, place
न (ná)
like, as
तायुर् (tāyúḥ)
thief
गुहा (gúhā)
in secret, hidden
दधानो (dádhānaḥ)
placing, establishing
मह (maháḥ)
great
राय (rāyé)
for wealth
चितयन्न (citáyan)
enlightening, causing to understand
अत्रि (átrim)
Atri (a sage)
अस्प (aspar)
you touched, reached, obtained